CN110521480A - A kind of jujube branch pruning method - Google Patents
A kind of jujube branch pruning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110521480A CN110521480A CN201910874586.7A CN201910874586A CN110521480A CN 110521480 A CN110521480 A CN 110521480A CN 201910874586 A CN201910874586 A CN 201910874586A CN 110521480 A CN110521480 A CN 110521480A
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- jujube
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- pinching
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention belongs to agriculture and garden technical fields, disclose a kind of jujube branch pruning method, three-dimensional five layering shaping methods；First Year first layer removes base portion 40-50 ㎝；The dry top in second year center continues to put jujube head, cultivates the second layer, selects and remain 5 Secondary Branchs；Third year continues to put jujube head at the dry top in center, cultivates third layer, selects and remain 5 Secondary Branchs, Secondary Branch not pinching；Totally 3 layers, every layer of 5 Secondary Branch, plug hole arrangement removes overlapping branch.After third year, every layer passes through cutting back on the basis of Secondary Branch, promotees it and sprouts new 2~3, jujube head, each jujube head selects and remain 3 Secondary Branchs, while Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching, can select and remain jujube head according to circumstances year by year in every layer of different orientation.The present invention divides 3 layers, and major branch, side shoot are clearly demarcated, and Population Light makes full use of space according to preferably, is convenient for field management, is conducive to mechanically actuated.Pruning technique of the present invention only needs can grasp for 3-5 minutes, simple, easy to learn and high yield.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture and garden technical field more particularly to a kind of jujube branch pruning methods.
Background technique
Currently, the immediate prior art: date fruit is full of nutrition, and especially fresh dates contain very high vitamin C, according to survey
Contain 200-800mg vitamin C in fixed every hectogram fresh dates, be 5-20 times of apple, therefore is known as the title of " vitamin pill living "；Jujube is also
Containing cyclic adenosine monophosphate, there is high food therapy value and medical value, thus standby get consumer reception and like.Jujube tree at present
Plantation is mainly tree-like to take three major branch shapes and happy shape, and 0.5 × 2~3 meters or 1 × 4.0 meter of seeding row spacing, orchard worker utilizes three major branch shapes
Community superiority improves the yield of early period, to obtain economic benefit；With the growth of the jujube tree age of tree, tree body constantly expands, tree crown
Between it is closed, ventilation and penetrating light is poor, yield, quality decline, and pest and disease damage is serious；Secondary Branch pole heavy pinching simultaneously, leads to jujube stock aging
Fastly, bearing capacity declines, and lignifying jujube hangs more, poor quality, and it is unfavorable to do to later period system, and the later period branch of excessive growth is more, and management is time-consuming and laborious,
Line-spacing is narrow, and do mechanization operation is extremely difficult, and labor intensity is caused to increase, and causes very big loss.It is solved though happy shape is tree-like
The problems such as, also there is pole and deeply prune in canopy and lighting issues, pruning difficulty is big, cumbersome, the training period is long,
And need certain practical basis.Currently, main cultivation jujube tree is tree-like cannot to realize mechanized operation well, it is not suitable with following existing
The development need of generationization agricultural；Trunk shape is tree-like, there is successful application on the fruit trees such as apple, jujube tree stronger for stemness at
The phenomenon that function case is less, and there are tree body setting fruit positions to move up seriously, and top fruit quality is better than lower part fruit.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is: the pruning difficulty of existing jujube tree is big, cumbersome, training
Period is long, while cannot realize Labor-saving cultivation management well, is unfavorable for mechanically actuated, is not suitable with agricultural modernization development
It needs.
Solve the difficulty of above-mentioned technical problem:
Labor-saving cultivation mode on jujube cultivation more application, such as big machinery laxative, soil rotary tillage, mechanical fertilization
Deng, and these mechanical uses require line-spacing wide more, base portion is dry higher；And jujube line-spacing concentrates between 2~4.5m at present, adds
Mostly use happy shape tree-like, cause base portion to be done low, hat width is big, the medium-and-large-sized unapproachable difficult situation of machinery.In production also
There is peasant household's search for identity, it is dry by improving base portion, reduce the agronomic measures such as hat width, to carry out mechanized operation, and then causes
Yield significantly reduces, meanwhile, pole, which is deeplyd prune, causes branch group aging fast, quality decline.Though trunk shape is suitble to mechanized operation.Due to
It is tree-like uncoordinated up and down, in addition Secondary Branch pinching is overweight, the phenomenon that causing lower part result poor, all concentrate on top, simultaneously as
Spacing in the rows is wide, and fruit-bearing shoot cluster is few, and yield is significantly lower than main shape of planting trees.
Solve the meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
Intend to solve that manually investment is big in production, pruning fruit tree difficulty problem solves the problems, such as to be unfavorable for mechanically actuated, product
Trunk shape jujube cultivation mode is explored in pole, provides beneficial reference scheme for the cultivation of jujube Labor-saving.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of simple pruning methods of jujube branch.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of jujube branch pruning method, the jujube branch pruning method include:
Work as the invention is realized in this way a kind of jujube tree pruning method, current year grafting tree or aging tree update fixed dry, plant
The later trimming of year winter pruning, second year.
Dry 1 of the center Quan Shu, can reach by shaping in 3 years, increase jujube head quantity year by year, it is complete set side shoot jujube head up to 6~
9, side shoot jujube head Secondary Branch stays 3, and Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching；
First Year first layer removes base portion 40-50 ㎝, selects and remain 5 Secondary Branchs toward top, jujube head pinching Secondary Branch is not plucked
The heart；
The dry top in second year center continues to put jujube head, cultivates the second layer, selects and remain 5 Secondary Branchs, Secondary Branch not pinching；
The same second year of third year pruning continues to put jujube head, cultivates third layer at the dry top in center, select and remain 5 it is secondary
Branch, Secondary Branch not pinching；Totally 3 layers, every layer of 5 Secondary Branch, plug hole arrangement removes overlapping branch.
After third year, according to tree vigo(u)r, every layer passes through cutting back on the basis of Secondary Branch, promotees its and sprouts new jujube head, selects and remain 3
Secondary Branch, while Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching, can select and remain jujube head according to circumstances year by year in every layer of different orientation；
Full tree side shoot sprouts 6~9, jujube head, and each jujube head is misplaced, and plug hole is selected and remain.
Further, a height of 75-85cm of grafting, heading height 70-80cm remove ㎝ groups of base portion 0-45, and Secondary Branch is not
Pinching.
Further, the dry top in current year winter pruning center, the method blocked up using a scissors are promoted it and sprout new jujube head.
Further, second year continues to cultivate second layer jujube head branch, pinching when jujube head grows to 70-80 ㎝, and Secondary Branch is not plucked
The tip is dredged in the heart, remaining bud picking.
Further, third year is identical with second year, continues to put jujube head in top branch, pinching when growing to 70-80 ㎝, Secondary Branch
The tip is dredged in not pinching, remaining bud picking.
Further, third year winter pruning can carry out year by year the folding and unfolding of side shoot jujube head, cutting back first, second and third according to tree vigo(u)r
Layer side shoot, the jujube head that coming year side shoot is sprouted stay three Secondary Branchs to carry out pinching, and Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching.
The major branch of jujube branch is misplaced, and plug hole is selected and remain, and side shoot branch opens up 50-75 ㎝；The tree-like jujube is main form,
Pruning method is three-dimensional five shaping methods.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows: the present invention divides 3 layers, is trunk shape tree by culture in 3 years
Shape divides major branch, side shoot, easy to operate, does not pluck the side heart or stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching, can largely reduce bud picking work
Amount reduces workload, is convenient for field management, Population Light is according to preferable.Each major branch is misplaced, and plug hole is selected and remain, plug hole arrangement, sufficiently
Using space, tree-like made of being trimmed by this method is trunk shape, and mechanized operation is relatively suitble to when line-spacing is 3.5-4.5m.This
Invention pruning technique only needs can grasp for 3-5 minutes, simple, easy to learn, Labor-saving and high yield.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of jujube branch pruning method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of jujube branch pruning methods, with reference to the accompanying drawing
The present invention is explained in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, jujube branch pruning method provided in an embodiment of the present invention the following steps are included:
The center S101: Quan Shu is 1 dry, divides 3 layers, every layer of jujube head quantity 2~3.
S102: first layer cutting back on the basis of Secondary Branch promotees it and sprouts new jujube head, selects and remain 2~3 jujubes in different direction
Head, each jujube head stay 3 Secondary Branchs, and Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching；Second and third layer of same first layer increases jujube head year by year
Quantity, full tree is up to 6~9.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each major branch is misplaced, and plug hole is selected and remain；Side shoot stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching,
Plug hole arrangement.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, jujube branch is trimmed are as follows: " trunk shape " is tree-like, using " three-dimensional five shapings
Pruning method ".
Technical effect of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1:
(1) kind: fine horse jujube
(2) place: the secondary dry fine horse jujube orchard in 224, the 14th city Shi Kunyu, the Production and Construction Corps of Xinjiang, seeding row spacing 0.8m
× 4m, the age of tree 7 years.
(3) three-dimensional five processing the time: are carried out May in April, 2016-:
Complete 1, trunk branch, tree, divides 3 layers, every layer choosing stays 5 Secondary Branchs；Every layer of side shoot selects and remain 2-3 jujube in different direction
Head, Secondary Branch stays 3, while Secondary Branch stays 6-8 jujube stock pinching；Remaining bud is erased.
Further, each master, side shoot are misplaced, and plug hole is selected and remain.
(4) result
According to actual tests, mu average product rises to 1000 jin by original 700 jin, increases by 30%；High quality fruit rate by
Original 65% increases to 85%, improves 20%；Original tree-like winter pruning recruitment 4 per acre, now only need 2.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of jujube branch pruning method, which is characterized in that the jujube branch pruning method includes:
The center Quan Shu is 1 dry, divides 3 layers, every layer of jujube head quantity 2~3；
First layer cutting back on the basis of Secondary Branch promotees it and sprouts new jujube head, selects and remain 2~3 jujube heads, each jujube head in different direction
3 Secondary Branchs are stayed, Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching；Second and third layer of same first layer increases jujube head quantity, Quan Shuke year by year
Up to 6~9.
2. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the jujube branch pruning method is further
Include: that the center Quan Shu is 1 dry, can reach by shaping in 3 years, increases jujube head quantity year by year, full side shoot jujube head of setting is up to 6~9
A, side shoot jujube head Secondary Branch can stay 6~8 jujube stock pinching；
First Year first layer removes base portion 40-50 ㎝, selects and remain 5 Secondary Branchs, jujube head pinching Secondary Branch not pinching toward top；
The dry top in second year center continues to put jujube head, cultivates the second layer, selects and remain 5 Secondary Branchs, Secondary Branch not pinching；
The same second year of third year pruning continues to put jujube head, cultivates third layer at the dry top in center, selects and remain 5 Secondary Branchs, and two
Secondary branch not pinching；Totally 3 layers, every layer of 5 Secondary Branch, plug hole arrangement removes overlapping branch.
After third year, according to tree vigo(u)r, every layer on the basis of Secondary Branch by cutting back, promote its and sprout new jujube head, select and remain 3 it is secondary
Branch, while Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching, can select and remain jujube head according to circumstances year by year in every layer of different orientation；Quan Shu
Side shoot sprouts 6~9, jujube head, and each jujube head is misplaced, and plug hole is selected and remain, and side shoot skill opens up 50-75cm.
3. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that tree-like trunk is obvious, and side shoot is misplaced,
The jujube head that side shoot is sprouted is selected and remain in different spaces plug hole, and jujube head stays 3 Secondary Branch pinching, and Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stocks to pluck
The heart.
4. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the tree-like jujube is main form, is used
Three-dimensional five pruning methods.
5. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that a height of 75-85cm of grafting, heading height
70-80cm removes ㎝ groups of base portion 0-45, Secondary Branch not pinching.
6. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the dry top in current year winter pruning center is adopted
The method blocked up with a scissors promotees it and sprouts new jujube head.
7. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that utilize the main bud second under primary tiller clip
Continue in year to cultivate second layer jujube head branch, pinching when jujube head grows to 70-80 ㎝, Secondary Branch not pinching, remaining bud picking, the thin tip.
8. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that third year is identical with second year, continues
Top branch puts jujube head, pinching when growing to 70-80 ㎝, Secondary Branch not pinching, and the tip is dredged in remaining bud picking.
9. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the winter pruning of third year, it can be according to tree vigo(u)r
Year by year carry out side shoot jujube head folding and unfolding, first, second and third layer of side shoot of cutting back, coming year side shoot sprout jujube head stay three it is secondary
Branch carries out pinching, and Secondary Branch stays 6~8 jujube stock pinching.
10. jujube branch pruning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the major branch of jujube branch is misplaced, and inserts
Sky is selected and remain, and side shoot skill opens up 50-75cm, facilitates mechanically actuated.
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| CN201910874586.7A CN110521480A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of jujube branch pruning method |
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| CN201910874586.7A CN110521480A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of jujube branch pruning method |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112514725A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 岳阳市林业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for fruiting crisp jujube in batches for more than one year in mid-autumn |
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| EP0571873A1 (en) * | 1992-05-25 | 1993-12-01 | ERO-GERÄTEBAU GmbH | Apparatus for removing parts of plants from a cable frame |
| CN101715706A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2010-06-02 | 天津农学院 | Pruning method of short wall shaped jujube tree |
| CN103109715A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-05-22 | 河北农业大学 | Simplified tree form reforming method suitable for high-density jujube orchard |
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| CN112514725A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 岳阳市林业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for fruiting crisp jujube in batches for more than one year in mid-autumn |
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Application publication date: 20191203 |