CN104255361A - High-yield cultivation method for fruit trees - Google Patents
High-yield cultivation method for fruit trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255361A CN104255361A CN201410420055.8A CN201410420055A CN104255361A CN 104255361 A CN104255361 A CN 104255361A CN 201410420055 A CN201410420055 A CN 201410420055A CN 104255361 A CN104255361 A CN 104255361A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-yield cultivation method for fruit trees and aims to solve the problem that coordination and unity of early yield, high yield and high quality are hard to achieve in current fruit tree cultivation. The method includes: selecting arbor rootstock long branch type fruit trees for close planting, selecting appropriate axillary buds, promoting budding and sprouting, and smearing bud eye sprouting accelerant on the axillary buds on two sides and at the back of branches when the new branches grow to 30-40cm so as to promote the axillary buds to differentiate into flower buds and flower branches; in August to September of the year when branches sprouts from fruit tree bud seedling stems, performing branch taking and softening on the sprouted branches in prior to angle opening, wherein the angle opening positions are 2-5cm away from branch bases, and the opened angle ranges from 100 degrees to 120 degrees. By the method, fruit tree flourishing, yield and quality are coordinated, nutrition distribution is changed, nutrition growth is changed into reproduction growth, a large amount of high-quality flower buds are formed, early yield is promoted, and fruit yield and quality are increased. In addition, the method is simple to operate, small in crown size, concentrate in fruiting, and capable of reducing manpower of each link.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of fruit tree high-yield cultivating method that can realize early Feng You high yield.
Background technology
The fruit tree such as apple, sweet persimmon, pear tree is very large in the area under cultivation of China.The fruit tree of these kinds in pruning gimmick, have cutting back, longly to put, sparse branching, retraction, pinching, turn round the tip, smooth out with the fingers branch, platform is cut, attach the names of pre-determined candidates and cut, get rid of plait, band girdle, girdling etc. mode, and trimming method, complex steps.For many years in production practices, most orchard worker is difficult to skilled grasp and enforcement, and then effectively cannot manage production of fruit trees.Current most orchard still adopts trunk to evacuate the form culture management method of layering, the many employing 2 × 3m of seeding row spacing, 3 × 4m etc.Under existing conventional cultivation pattern, also exist that fruit tree branch amount is large, level is not obvious, tree crown handing-over in the full bearing period is serious, ventilation and penetrating light is poor, drastically influence the seed output and quality of fruit, also brings many difficulties and trouble to production management simultaneously.Rational planting density, good illumination patterns, suitable group structure and individual space distribute, and are the keys realizing fruit tree high grade producing.Carry out rational shaping and pruning to fruit tree, skeleton branch can be made healthy and strong, firm, rationally, tree crown ventilates, printing opacity in branch distribution, early real, high yield, high-quality, tree management is stablized, and is convenient to field management, enhance productivity, reduce production cost, promote economic benefit.
In recent years, people constantly explore new fruit growing management mode, and obtain certain progress: the fruit tree planting system having occurred Vigorating compact planting, also there is improvement spindle-type, the tree-shaped such as slender spindle type, such as, the apple tree weeping willow formula pruning technique that Yan Ya township, Yiyuan County, Shandong Province orchard worker Wang Chunzhen explores formation in practice to some extent solves some technical problems, but its planting density is still difficult to (seeding row spacing 3m × 4m) fully up to expectations, promote limited to the overall yield of apple, and also need to implement bud picking in pruning process, carve bud, cut the operating procedures such as prosperous branch, final pruning is shaping, needs 3 ~ 4 years, its management, operating process is still more complicated, the strong molding time of planting in orchard is very long, and the bud constantly erased, the prosperous branch cut consumes nutritional resources a large amount of in fruit tree, and above-mentioned pruning technique is also failed from source to the nutritional resource of these preciousnesses trans-utilization in addition.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of planting density high, simple to operate and can from source the nutritional resource of abundant trans-utilization fruit tree, avoid generating invalid bud and prosperous branch, and then realize the unified fruit tree high-yield cultivating method of premature labor, high yield and high-quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Design a planting fruit-trees high-yield cultivating method, comprise the following steps:
(1) select seedling: select tall anvil long shoot type fruit tree bud seedling, remove the dry short wooden stake branching on anvil stake and anvil root and damaged portion;
(2) field planting: in the fall, winter or spring plant, seeding row spacing 80 ~ 120cm × 240 ~ 260cm;
(3) management after planting: namely water once permeable after the field planting of fruit tree bud seedling, then water a water in every 10 ~ 15 days from rudiment in spring; Purity nitrogen 0.15 ~ 0.28 ㎏ is executed in every strain, divides for several times (as 3 ~ 6 times) to impose 4 ~ June, short shoot and leaf growth, applies or within 1 ~ 3 day, apply before watering when watering; P is executed in every strain
2o
50.25 ~ 0.50 ㎏, K
2o 0.5 ~ 0.9 ㎏, divides (as 2 ~ 5 times) for several times to impose 7 ~ August;
(4) short bud is branched out: when fruit tree bud seedling grows tall to 102 ~ 125cm, in the large axil of nearly 90cm eminence, on axillalry bud, a uniform application plant sprout promoter of looking unfamiliar (such as can select the wide spectrum of Luoyang, Henan Province forestry scientific research institute development and production, efficiently the plant sprout of person poultry safety is looked unfamiliar a promoter, also " branching promoter for plant " is claimed), its sprouting short is branched out, after this counter-clockwise direction around seedling stem and upwards interval two panels leaf select axillalry bud, smear a plant sprout promoter of looking unfamiliar to urge sprouting and branch out, until fruit tree bud seedling stem grows tall to 180 ~ 200cm, with plant sprout look unfamiliar axillalry bud that promoter smearing is positioned on fruit tree bud seedling stem time, guarantee smears position apart from stem apical growing point 10 ~ 15cm, when the twig formed when fruit tree bud seedling stem is respectively branched out grows to 30 ~ 40cm, select the axillalry bud of twig both sides and the axillalry bud at back to smear plant sprout and to look unfamiliar a promoter, short its is divided into bud spray,
Smearing the plant sprout effect that a promoter plays of looking unfamiliar at above-mentioned position is: promote eye growing point cell division differentiation, breaking dormancy, improve photosynthetic product allocation and transportation ability, reduce or avoid nutritional resource to the transhipment of non-desired or invalid position; Method and consumption: raw for thing eye branch promoter be applied to and need on its sprout sprouted, both forward and reverse directions is softly smeared evenly, infiltrates into perula, bud bed, bastem to impel it; Consumption on each bud is equivalent to a small rice grain.
(5) shaping: 8 ~ September then of mitogenetic twig on fruit tree bud seedling stem, angle of release after carrying out taking branch softening to twig directly mitogenetic on stem, angle of release position apart from twig base portion 2 ~ 5cm, and makes spreading angle reach 100 ° ~ 120 °.
In above-mentioned steps (1), to plant containing water-soluble immersion fruit tree bud shoot root 4 ~ 13h standby of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In above-mentioned steps (2), during the seedling field planting of fruit tree bud, row is to north and south, bud is to facing local prevailing wind direction, when planting, fruit tree bud shoot root stem is unfolded smooth and easy lower than ground 2 ~ 3cm, root system naturally, successively seals step on during grave mound with wet soil in small, broken bits, and make seedling just, row is straight, soil is real, Horizon; Water after earth backing, covering film insulation, moisturizing, antifreeze.
In above-mentioned steps (2), before the field planting of fruit tree bud seedling, use fertilizer 2500 ~ 3000 ㎏/667 ㎡ become thoroughly decomposed, universal composite fertilizer 40 ~ 60 ㎏/667 ㎡.
In above-mentioned steps (3), when grafting bud puts on display 3 ~ 5 great Ye, carry out foliage-spray with the aqueous solution of 0.3 ~ 0.5wt% urea+0.3 ~ 1.0wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, within after this every 5 ~ 10 days, spray once; After 7 ~ 10 parts, the foliage-spray aqueous solution increases the middle and trace element fertilizer of following concentration: borax 0.l ~ 0.3wt%, zinc sulphate 3 ~ 5wt%, ferrous sulfate 0.3 ~ 0.4wt%, nitrate of lime 0.3 ~ 0.5wt%.
In above-mentioned steps (5), carry out next year after the routine winter cuts, make the height of tree reach 180 ~ 200cm, crown diameter 80 ~ 90cm, hat spacing 5 ~ 10cm is advisable.
Cultivation method of the present invention not only may be used for apple tree, also can be used for some and the fruit tree of prosperous long shoot bar easily occurs as sweet persimmon, pear tree etc.
The present invention has actively useful effect:
1. can solving the contradiction of the prosperous length of fruit tree, yield and quality three aspect preferably, by changing nutrient distribution, making fruit tree by nourishing and growing to reproductive growth rapid conversion, constantly form a large amount of high-quality bud, thus improve the yield and quality of fruit.
2. the inventive method is simple and convenient and easy to study, saves labor, convenient management, without bud picking, carves the operations such as bud, band girdle, girdling and pinching, takes branch, other branch, draws branch, make branch sagging and be evenly distributed as long as disposable; Shaping rear Tree Crown Volume is little, result position is concentrated, and can greatly reduce because of flower and fruit thinning, artificial pollination, bagging, pluck the spent amount of labour used such as bag and fruit harvesting.
3. utilize the inventive method, fruit tree field planting then or fruit can be seen next year, 3 years high yields, than the trunk of routine dredge layer shape and fusiform tree-shaped can two years ahead result, enter high yield peak period two years ahead.
4. the fruit bearing shoot utilizing the inventive method that fruit tree can be made all is sagging, reaches good light transmission ventilation, and fruit shape is rectified, fruit large, painted good, pol is high, hardness is large, really face is bright and clean, realizes the unification of high yield and high-quality.
5. shaping Tree Crown Volume is medium, and fruit branch amount is many, and most of branch dangles downwards, does not mutually block, and is beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, is beneficial to dense planting, and gross yield is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the photo after garden is built in the field planting of tall staked apple bud seedling;
Fig. 2 is the photo of spring germination shape then after the field planting of apple bud seedling;
Fig. 3 is the photo of primary growth situation after the field planting of apple bud seedling;
Fig. 4 be after the field planting of bud seedling the next spring to bloom the photo of situation;
Fig. 5 is the photo of next summer result situation after the field planting of bud seedling;
Fig. 6 is the photo of the 3rd year per plant situation after the field planting of bud seedling;
Fig. 7 is the photo of the 4th year florescence apple flower open condition after the field planting of bud seedling.
Embodiment
Raw material etc. used in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is commercially available; Method therefor if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Embodiment 1 one kinds of apple high-yield cultivating methods, comprise the following steps:
(1) select seedling: select tall anvil long shoot type apple bud seedling, remove the dry short wooden stake branching on anvil stake and anvil root and damaged portion, to plant containing the water-soluble immersion shoot root 8h standby of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
(2) field planting: plant in Tan Linguo base, the Yellow River, Zhengzhou City in March, 2007, uses fertilizer 2800 ㎏/667 ㎡ become thoroughly decomposed before field planting, universal composite fertilizer 50 ㎏/667 ㎡, field planting seeding row spacing 100cm × 250cm; During the seedling field planting of apple bud, row is to north and south, and bud is to facing local prevailing wind direction, and when planting, shoot root stem is unfolded smooth and easy lower than ground 2 ~ 3cm, root system naturally, successively seals step on during grave mound with wet soil in small, broken bits, and make seedling just, row is straight, soil is real, Horizon; Water after earth backing, covering film insulation, moisturizing, antifreeze; Fig. 1 is that garden condition diagram is built in the field planting of tall staked apple bud seedling.
(3) management after planting: namely water once permeable after the field planting of apple bud seedling, then water a water in every 15 days from rudiment in spring; Purity nitrogen 0.20 ㎏ is executed in every strain, divides impose for 3 times 4 ~ June, and short shoot and leaf growth, applies when watering; P is executed in every strain
2o
50.3 ㎏, K
2o 0.6 ㎏, divides 7 ~ August and imposes for 2 times; When grafting bud puts on display 4 great Ye, foliage-spray is carried out with the aqueous solution of 0.4wt% urea+0.5 wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, after this within every 8 days, spray once, to 7 ~ October, the foliage-spray aqueous solution increases the middle and trace element fertilizer of following concentration: borax 0.2wt%, zinc sulphate 4wt%, ferrous sulfate 0.25wt%, nitrate of lime 0.4 wt%.
(4) short bud is branched out: when apple bud seedling grows tall to 100 ~ 120cm, in the large axil of nearly 90cm eminence, on axillalry bud, uniform application plant sprout is looked unfamiliar a promoter (development and production of Luoyang, Henan Province forestry scientific research institute), consumption on each bud is equivalent to a small rice grain, both forward and reverse directions is softly smeared evenly, perula is infiltrated into impel it, bud bed, bastem, its sprouting short is branched out, after this counter-clockwise direction around seedling stem and upwards interval two panels leaf select axillalry bud, smear a plant sprout promoter of looking unfamiliar to urge sprouting and branch out, until seedling stem grows tall to 180 ~ 200cm, with plant sprout look unfamiliar axillalry bud that promoter smearing is positioned on seedling stem time, guarantee smears position apart from stem apical growing point 10 ~ 15cm, when the twig formed when seedling stem is respectively branched out grows to 30 ~ 40cm, select the axillalry bud of twig both sides and the axillalry bud at back to smear branching promoter for plant, short its is divided into bud spray, Fig. 2 is spring germination shape then after the field planting of bud seedling, and Fig. 3 is primary growth situation after the field planting of bud seedling.
(5) shaping: 8 ~ September then of mitogenetic twig on apple bud seedling stem, angle of release after twig directly mitogenetic on stem is carried out taking branch softening, angle of release position is apart from twig base portion 2 ~ 5cm, and make spreading angle reach 100 ° ~ 120 °, after winter in next year cuts, make the height of tree reach 180 ~ 200cm, crown diameter 80 ~ 90cm, hat spacing 5 ~ 10cm is advisable; Fig. 4 be after the field planting of apple bud seedling the next spring to bloom situation; Fig. 5 is next summer result situation after the field planting of apple bud seedling; Fig. 6 is the 3rd year per plant situation after the field planting of apple bud seedling, full garden average yield per mu 3000 about ㎏; Fig. 7 is the 4th year florescence apple flower opening status after the field planting of apple bud seedling.
The contrast situation of this cultivation method and existing traditional Apple Culture method is in table 1.
Table 1 the inventive method becomes the contrast of seedling cultivation method with conventional apple
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a planting fruit-trees high-yield cultivating method, comprises the following steps:
(1) select seedling: select tall anvil long shoot type fruit tree bud seedling, remove the dry short wooden stake branching on anvil stake and anvil root and damaged portion;
(2) field planting: in the fall, winter or spring plant, seeding row spacing 80 ~ 120cm × 240 ~ 260cm;
(3) management after planting: namely water once permeable after the field planting of fruit tree bud seedling, then water a water in every 10 ~ 15 days from rudiment in spring; Purity nitrogen 0.15 ~ 0.28 ㎏ is executed in every strain, divides and imposes for several times, short shoot and leaf growth 4 ~ June, applies or within 1 ~ 3 day, apply before watering when watering; P is executed in every strain
2o
50.25 ~ 0.50 ㎏, K
2o 0.5 ~ 0.9 ㎏, divides 7 ~ August and imposes for several times;
(4) short bud is branched out: when fruit tree bud seedling grows tall to 102 ~ 125cm, in the large axil of nearly 90cm eminence, on axillalry bud, uniform application plant sprout is looked unfamiliar a promoter, its sprouting short is branched out, after this counter-clockwise direction around seedling stem and upwards interval two panels leaf select axillalry bud, smear a plant sprout promoter of looking unfamiliar to urge sprouting and branch out, until fruit tree bud seedling stem grows tall to 180 ~ 200cm, with plant sprout look unfamiliar axillalry bud that promoter smearing is positioned on fruit tree bud seedling stem time, ensure to smear position and reach 10 ~ 15cm apart from the distance of stem apical growing point; When the twig formed when fruit tree bud seedling stem is respectively branched out grows to 30 ~ 40cm, select the axillalry bud of twig both sides and the axillalry bud at back to smear plant sprout and to look unfamiliar a promoter, short its is divided into bud spray;
(5) shaping: 8 ~ September then of mitogenetic twig on fruit tree bud seedling stem, angle of release after carrying out taking branch softening to twig directly mitogenetic on stem, angle of release position apart from twig base portion 2 ~ 5cm, and makes spreading angle reach 100 ° ~ 120 °.
2. fruit tree high-yield cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), to plant containing water-soluble immersion fruit tree bud shoot root 4 ~ 13h standby of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
3. fruit tree high-yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), during the seedling field planting of fruit tree bud, row is to north and south, and bud is to facing local prevailing wind direction, and when planting, fruit tree bud shoot root stem is unfolded smooth and easy lower than ground 2 ~ 3cm, root system naturally, successively seal with wet soil in small, broken bits during grave mound and step on, and make seedling just, row is straight, soil is real, Horizon; Water after earth backing, covering film insulation, moisturizing, antifreeze.
4. fruit tree high-yield cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), uses fertilizer 2500 ~ 3000 ㎏/667 ㎡ become thoroughly decomposed before field planting, universal composite fertilizer 40 ~ 60 ㎏/667 ㎡.
5. fruit tree high-yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (3), when grafting bud puts on display 3 ~ 5 great Ye, carry out foliage-spray with the aqueous solution of 0.3 ~ 0.5wt% urea+0.3 ~ 1.0wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, within after this every 5 ~ 10 days, spray once.
6. fruit tree high-yield cultivating method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, after 7 ~ 10 parts, the foliage-spray aqueous solution increases the middle and trace element fertilizer of following concentration: borax 0.l ~ 0.3wt%, zinc sulphate 3 ~ 5wt%, ferrous sulfate 0.3 ~ 0.4wt%, nitrate of lime 0.3 ~ 0.5wt%.
7. fruit tree high-yield cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (5), carries out next year after the routine winter cuts, making the height of tree reach 180 ~ 200cm, crown diameter 80 ~ 90cm, hat spacing 5 ~ 10cm.
8. fruit tree high-yield cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fruit tree is apple, sweet persimmon or pear tree.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104620833A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-20 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of stone fruit trees for protected areas |
| CN104663346A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 重庆千益果树种植专业合作社 | Dwarfing, close, early and high-yield cultivation technique of pear trees |
| CN105028085A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-11-11 | 深圳市神秘果实业有限公司 | Fruit control method for miracle fruit trees |
| CN105165522A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 岭南师范学院 | Annona squamosa L shoot promoting method |
| CN105340671A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-24 | 山东农业大学 | Rapid shaping high-yield cultivation method in early stage for fruit trees by adopting technology of three buds, two degrees and one signal axis |
| CN105379599A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2016-03-09 | 刘建枢 | High yield method for vigorous rootstock long-branch form apples |
| CN105594538A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Pear bud seedling yield improving method used at early stage of orchard construction |
| CN108605545A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-10-02 | 丹阳市香逸林果专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of crystal Fuji |
| CN108925355A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-04 | 昆明鼎顺农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Apple Culture method for preventing and treating pest and disease damage, improving fruit quality |
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| CN102487773A (en) * | 2011-12-04 | 2012-06-13 | 林芳立 | Contemporary planting, forming and flowering cultivation method for vigorous stock long-shoot apple buds |
| CN103299870A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-18 | 刘建枢 | Third-year high yield technique of long-branch apples with standard rootstocks |
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| CN102487773A (en) * | 2011-12-04 | 2012-06-13 | 林芳立 | Contemporary planting, forming and flowering cultivation method for vigorous stock long-shoot apple buds |
| CN103299870A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-18 | 刘建枢 | Third-year high yield technique of long-branch apples with standard rootstocks |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104663346A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 重庆千益果树种植专业合作社 | Dwarfing, close, early and high-yield cultivation technique of pear trees |
| CN104620833A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-20 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of stone fruit trees for protected areas |
| CN104620833B (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2017-05-24 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of stone fruit trees for protected areas |
| CN105028085A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-11-11 | 深圳市神秘果实业有限公司 | Fruit control method for miracle fruit trees |
| CN105028085B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-07-21 | 广东龙飞生物有限公司 | A kind of control fruit method of mysterious fruit tree |
| CN105165522A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-12-23 | 岭南师范学院 | Annona squamosa L shoot promoting method |
| CN105165522B (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-12-15 | 岭南师范学院 | A kind of method for promoting the tip suitable for manaca |
| CN105379599A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2016-03-09 | 刘建枢 | High yield method for vigorous rootstock long-branch form apples |
| CN105340671A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-24 | 山东农业大学 | Rapid shaping high-yield cultivation method in early stage for fruit trees by adopting technology of three buds, two degrees and one signal axis |
| CN105594538A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Pear bud seedling yield improving method used at early stage of orchard construction |
| CN108605545A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-10-02 | 丹阳市香逸林果专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of crystal Fuji |
| CN108925355A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-04 | 昆明鼎顺农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Apple Culture method for preventing and treating pest and disease damage, improving fruit quality |
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Application publication date: 20150107 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |