CN103749032A - Bletilla striata germination accelerating method - Google Patents
Bletilla striata germination accelerating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103749032A CN103749032A CN201410004870.6A CN201410004870A CN103749032A CN 103749032 A CN103749032 A CN 103749032A CN 201410004870 A CN201410004870 A CN 201410004870A CN 103749032 A CN103749032 A CN 103749032A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Bletilla striata germination accelerating method. The method comprises the steps of cutting a Bletilla striata corm into single cormlets along a growth line connecting part, soaking with a potassium permanganate aqueous solution and a naphthylacetic acid aqueous solution sequentially, lightly pressing the treated single cormlets into a substrate upwards along the bud scar, controlling the temperature and the relative humidity of a plastic greenhouse and carrying out field and budding management to promote growth of Bletilla striata buds, cutting the Bletilla striata corm according to interval of 1-2 buds everyday when 4-5 buds grow at the top end of the Bletilla striata corm, and then planting. The method is simple and easy, has low cost, solves the problem of low budding coefficient when the Bletilla striata corm is used as a seed, can promote the Bletilla striata corm to generate more buds, improves the budding coefficient of the Bletilla striata, effectively relieves the phenomenon of Bletilla striata provenance shortage, is suitable for Bletilla striata buds in a wide planting region, can meet large-area and large-scale germination accelerating requirements and has double meanings in production and economics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal plant artificial planting technique field, be specifically related to the germination accelerating method of Endangered Medicinal Herb bletilla.
Background technology
Bletilla (Bletilla striata) is for the orchid family bletilla belongs to herbaceos perennial, is 2 grades of endangered plants of country, and the another name bletilla striata, purple blue is mainly distributed in the areas such as Guizhou on the south China Qinling Mountains, Hubei, Southern Shaanxi.General evergreen broad-leaved sylvan life of being born in 100～3200 meters of height above sea level, in roadside thick grass or rock seam more.
On < < Chinese Plants will > >, include bletilla platymiscium and have four kinds, be respectively magnificent bletilla, little bletilla, bletilla and chrysanthemum bletilla, and all can be used as medicine, and China is main producing region.Bletilla is medicinal with dry tuber, the effect with astringing to arrest bleeding, clearing heat and promoting diuresis, detumescence and promoting granulation, be widely used in clinically the illnesss such as treatment hemoptysis, haematemesis, traumatism and bleeding, sore swollen toxin, pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, ulcer haemorrhage, there are very large commodity development potentiality.Simultaneously it is that orchid is a kind of, again by extensively as a kind of flowers, there is good ornamental value.According to investigations, only domestic market demand amount surpasses 1000 tons, and existing market can be only 200 tons for amount, demand has been far longer than supply, and wild bletilla resource is being accelerated minimizing, and this medicinal material growth cycle is longer, so the phenomenon of its source of goods shortage can not change in a short time.
At present, bletilla rises to large product by little three classes.Therefore Chinese scholars has been carried out relevant research to bletilla, mainly concentrates on the tissue cultivation aspect of bletilla, but there will be, aberration rate is high, the situation of Genomic instability, so the problem of seedling shortage in the short time is difficult to solve.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome that existing to do kind of bletilla germination rate low, and the shortcoming that growth cycle is slow provides a kind of bletilla germination accelerating method of implementing in land for growing field crops be convenient to.
Solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme is comprised of following step:
1, the selection in field and arrangement
Select average temperature of the whole year to facilitate the field in region to build plastic tunnel at more than 14 ℃ and water source, rake is ploughed in soil in booth extremely defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, smooth extremely without clod, play low ridge, row spacing 40～50cm, dark 30～the 40cm in ridge, the thickness that tiles on ridge is the matrix of 5～8cm, and described matrix is the mixture that the volume ratio of river sand after sterilizing and ash, potassium permanganate, diamines composite fertilizer is 150～250:30～50:1:3～5.
2, the processing of bletilla bulb
Selecting growth year is that the bletilla bulb of 1～2 year and the full circle of bulb, well developed root system is as kind of a bulb, the root length that retains kind of bulb is 3～5cm, according to the growth line of kind of bulb, it is separated along connecting portion, in the potassium permanganate solution that is 0.05%～0.15% at mass fraction by the single bottom set separately, soak 1～2 hour, then with running water, rinse well, 1.0 * 10
-6in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution of mol/L, soak 3～5 hours, take out nature and dry.
3, the plantation of bletilla bulb
Single bottom set after step 2 is processed is upwards gently pressed in the matrix of step 1 according to bud trace, makes bulb 1/3～1/2 expose stromal surface, interval 5～10cm between bulb, and water irrigates.
4, sunshade builds
At each, above ridge, take arc built, double-layered sunshade net in built upper cover, sunshade net top is apart from stromal surface 25～35cm.
5, the management in field
The temperature of controlling plastic tunnel is that 20～23 ℃, relative moisture are 40%～60%, and keeps ventilating in booth, and plantation bletilla bulb watered once every 3 days after one week.
6, the management of sprouting
Treat that bletilla bulb apical growth goes out 1～2 bud, the diamines composite fertilizer aqueous solution that is 5～10g/L by quality-volumetric concentration sprays bletilla bulb 1 time.
7, sprouting is cut apart
Treat that bletilla bulb apical growth goes out 3～5 buds, according to every 1～2 bud, bletilla bulb is cut apart, in the potassium permanganate solution that the bletilla bulb after cutting apart is 0.05%～0.15% at mass fraction, soak 1～2 hour, then plantation.
In the selection in field of the present invention and arrangement step 1, the mixture that the volume ratio of the river sand after the preferred sterilizing of described matrix and ash, potassium permanganate, diamines composite fertilizer is 200:40:1:4.
The inventive method is simple; with low cost; overcome the low problem of coefficient of sprouting when bletilla bulb is done kind; can produce at short notice more sprouting; improve the coefficient that sprouts of bletilla, effectively alleviate the problem of bletilla provenance shortage, be applicable to the bud of vast growing area bletilla; can meet the needs of large area, scale vernalization, there is the double meaning of producing with economically.It is applicable equally that the inventive method belongs to other plant for bletilla.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the bletilla bulb plantation photo of 60 days in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the bletilla bulb plantation photo of 60 days in embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the bletilla bulb plantation photo of 60 days in embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in more detail, but the present invention is not limited only to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
1, the selection in field and arrangement
Select average temperature of the whole year to facilitate the field in region to build plastic tunnel at more than 14 ℃ and water source, rake is ploughed in soil in booth extremely defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, smooth extremely without clod, play low ridge, row spacing 50cm, the dark 40cm in ridge, the thickness that tiles on ridge is the matrix of 8cm, and described matrix is the mixture that the volume ratio of river sand after sterilizing and ash, potassium permanganate, diamines composite fertilizer is 200:40:1:4.
2, the processing of bletilla bulb
Selecting growth year is that the bletilla bulb of 1～2 year and the full circle of bulb, well developed root system is as kind of a bulb, the root length that retains kind of bulb is 3～5cm, according to the growth line of kind of bulb, it is separated along connecting portion, in the potassium permanganate solution that is 0.1% at mass fraction by the single bottom set separately, soak 1 hour, then with running water, rinse well, 1.0 * 10
-6in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution of mol/L, soak 4 hours, take out nature and dry.
3, the plantation of bletilla bulb
Single bottom set after step 2 is processed is upwards gently pressed in the matrix of step 1 according to bud trace, makes bulb 1/3～1/2 expose stromal surface, interval 5cm between bulb, and water irrigates.
4, sunshade builds
At each, above ridge, with bamboo cane rod, take arc built, double-layered sunshade net in built upper cover, sunshade net top is apart from stromal surface 30cm.
5, the management in field
The temperature of controlling plastic tunnel is that 20～23 ℃, relative moisture are 50%, and keep ventilating in booth, the bletilla bulb of new plantation after watering first and irrigating, one week interior need not watering, plant after one week and watered once every 3 days, keep bletilla bulb root moist.
6, the management of sprouting
Bletilla bulb is in plantation in the time of 21 days, and sprouting appears in bulb top, and in plantation, in the time of 40 days, bulb apical growth goes out 1～2 bud, and the diamines composite fertilizer aqueous solution that is then 5g/L by quality-volumetric concentration sprays bletilla bulb root 1 time.
7, sprouting is cut apart
Bletilla bulb is when planting 60 days, bulb apical growth goes out 3～5 buds, according to every 1～2 bud, bletilla bulb is cut apart, in the potassium permanganate solution that the bletilla bulb after cutting apart is 0.1% at mass fraction, soaked 1 hour, then as bletilla kind, plant respectively.
As seen from Figure 1, bletilla bulb is in plantation 60 days time, and the bletilla effect of sprouting is better, and bulb sprouts neatly, and the long speed of blastogenesis has partly grown up to 2 true leaves above, robust plant.
Embodiment 2
1, the selection in field and arrangement
Select average temperature of the whole year to facilitate the field in region to build plastic tunnel at more than 14 ℃ and water source, rake is ploughed in soil in booth extremely defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, smooth extremely without clod, play low ridge, row spacing 40cm, the dark 30cm in ridge, the thickness that tiles on ridge is the matrix of 5cm, and described matrix is the mixture that the volume ratio of river sand after sterilizing and ash, potassium permanganate, diamines composite fertilizer is 150:30:1:3.
2, the processing of bletilla bulb
Selecting growth year is that the bletilla bulb of 1～2 year and the full circle of bulb, well developed root system is as kind of a bulb, the root length that retains kind of bulb is 3～5cm, according to the growth line of kind of bulb, it is separated along connecting portion, in the potassium permanganate solution that is 0.05% at mass fraction by the single bottom set separately, soak 2 hours, then with running water, rinse well, 1.0 * 10
-6in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution of mol/L, soak 3 hours, take out nature and dry.
3, the plantation of bletilla bulb
Single bottom set after step 2 is processed is upwards gently pressed in the matrix of step 1 according to bud trace, makes bulb 1/3～1/2 expose stromal surface, interval 10cm between bulb, and water irrigates.
4, sunshade builds
At each, above ridge, with bamboo cane rod, take arc built, double-layered sunshade net in built upper cover, sunshade net top is apart from stromal surface 25cm.
5, the management in field
The temperature of controlling plastic tunnel is that 20～23 ℃, relative moisture are 40%, and keep ventilating in booth, the bletilla bulb of new plantation after watering first and irrigating, one week interior need not watering, plant after one week and watered once every 3 days, keep bletilla bulb root moist.
6, the management of sprouting
Bletilla bulb is in plantation 25 days time, the accidental sprouting in bulb top, and in plantation, in the time of 40 days, bulb apical growth goes out 1～2 bud, the diamines composite fertilizer aqueous solution sprinkling bletilla bulb root that is then 10g/L with quality-volumetric concentration 1 time.
7, sprouting is cut apart
Bletilla bulb is when planting 70 days, bulb apical growth goes out 3～4 buds, according to every 1～2 bud, bletilla bulb is cut apart, in the potassium permanganate solution that the bletilla bulb after cutting apart is 0.05% at mass fraction, soaked 2 hours, then as bletilla kind, plant respectively.
As seen from Figure 2, bletilla bulb was plantation 60 days, and bletilla bulb apical growth goes out 2～3 buds, and the effect of sprouting is better, the long speed of blastogenesis, and part has grown up to 2 above true leaves, robust plant.
Embodiment 3
1, the selection in field and arrangement
Select average temperature of the whole year to facilitate the field in region to build plastic tunnel at more than 14 ℃ and water source, rake is ploughed in soil in booth extremely defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, smooth extremely without clod, play low ridge, row spacing 50cm, the dark 40cm in ridge, the thickness that tiles on ridge is the matrix of 8cm, and described matrix is the mixture that the volume ratio of river sand after sterilizing and ash, potassium permanganate, diamines composite fertilizer is 250:50:1:5.
2, the processing of bletilla bulb
Selecting growth year is that the bletilla bulb of 1～2 year and the full circle of bulb, well developed root system is as kind of a bulb, the root length that retains kind of bulb is 3～5cm, according to the growth line of kind of bulb, it is separated along connecting portion, in the potassium permanganate solution that is 0.15% at mass fraction by the single bottom set separately, soak 1 hour, then with running water, rinse well, 1.0 * 10
-6in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution of mol/L, soak 5 hours, take out nature and dry.
3, the plantation of bletilla bulb
Single bottom set after step 2 is processed is upwards gently pressed in the matrix of step 1 according to bud trace, makes bulb 1/3～1/2 expose stromal surface, interval 5cm between bulb, and water irrigates.
4, sunshade builds
At each, above ridge, with bamboo cane rod, take arc built, double-layered sunshade net in built upper cover, sunshade net top is apart from stromal surface 35cm.
5, the management in field
The temperature of controlling plastic tunnel is that 20～23 ℃, relative moisture are 60%, and keep ventilating in booth, the bletilla bulb of new plantation after watering first and irrigating, one week interior need not watering, plant after one week and watered once every 3 days, keep bletilla bulb root moist.
6, the management of sprouting
Bletilla bulb is in plantation 30 days time, the accidental sprouting in bulb top, and in plantation, in the time of 50 days, there is 1～2 sprouting in bulb top, then continues the diamines composite fertilizer aqueous solution sprinkling bletilla bulb root that is 5g/L with quality-volumetric concentration 1 time.
7, sprouting is cut apart
Bletilla bulb is in plantation in the time of 80 days, and bulb apical growth goes out 3～4 buds, according to every 1～2 bud, bletilla bulb is cut apart, and in the potassium permanganate solution that is directly 0.1% at mass fraction, soaks 1 hour, then as bletilla kind, plants respectively.
As seen from Figure 3, the plantation of bletilla bulb is in the time of 60 days, and 1～2 sprouting appears in bulb top, and only a few part can grow up to 2 above true leaves.
Claims (2)
1. a germination accelerating method for bletilla, is characterized in that it is comprised of following step:
(1) selection in field and arrangement
Select average temperature of the whole year to facilitate the field in region to build plastic tunnel at more than 14 ℃ and water source, rake is ploughed in soil in booth extremely defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, smooth extremely without clod, play low ridge, row spacing 40～50cm, dark 30～the 40cm in ridge, the thickness that tiles on ridge is the matrix of 5～8cm, and described matrix is the mixture that the volume ratio of river sand after sterilizing and ash, potassium permanganate, diamines composite fertilizer is 150～250:30～50:1:3～5;
(2) processing of bletilla bulb
Selecting growth year is that the bletilla bulb of 1～2 year and the full circle of bulb, well developed root system is as kind of a bulb, the root length that retains kind of bulb is 3～5cm, according to the growth line of kind of bulb, it is separated along connecting portion, in the potassium permanganate solution that is 0.05%～0.15% at mass fraction by the single bottom set separately, soak 1～2 hour, then with running water, rinse well, 1.0 * 10
-6in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate aqueous solution of mol/L, soak 3～5 hours, take out nature and dry;
(3) plantation of bletilla bulb
Single bottom set after step (2) is processed is upwards gently pressed in the matrix of step (1) according to bud trace, makes bulb 1/3～1/2 expose stromal surface, interval 5～10cm between bulb, and water irrigates;
(4) sunshade builds
At each, above ridge, take arc built, double-layered sunshade net in built upper cover, sunshade net top is apart from stromal surface 25～35cm;
(5) management in field
The temperature of controlling plastic tunnel is that 20～23 ℃, relative moisture are 40%～60%, and keeps ventilating in booth, and plantation bletilla bulb watered once every 3 days after one week;
(6) management of sprouting
Treat that bletilla bulb apical growth goes out 1～2 bud, the diamines composite fertilizer aqueous solution that is 5～10g/L by quality-volumetric concentration sprays bletilla bulb 1 time;
(7) sprouting is cut apart
Treat that bletilla bulb apical growth goes out 3～5 buds, according to every 1～2 bud, bletilla bulb is cut apart, in the potassium permanganate solution that the bletilla bulb after cutting apart is 0.05%～0.15% at mass fraction, soak 1～2 hour, then plantation.
2. the germination accelerating method of bletilla according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described matrix is the mixture that the volume ratio of river sand after sterilizing and ash, potassium permanganate, diamines composite fertilizer is 200:40:1:4.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103947433A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-07-30 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | One-step seedling forming method of bletilla striata tissue culture corm and substrate adopted by one-step seedling forming method |
| CN104472202A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-01 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Cultivation method for bletilla striata seed stems |
| CN104782375A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 陕西师范大学 | Germination accelerating method for Bletilla ochracea corm in winter |
| CN104854998A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-26 | 陕西师范大学 | Rhizoma bletillae bulb winner accelerating germination method |
| CN105145104A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2015-12-16 | 张家界本草科技有限公司 | Method for segmenting bletilla striata tubers to perform seedling propagation and raising |
| CN105379551A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-09 | 陕西师范大学 | Bletilla ochracea direct-seeded seedling transplanting method |
| CN108064646A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-25 | 昆明学院 | A kind of method that basic element of cell division inspires bletilla striata bulb reproduction |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103947433A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-07-30 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | One-step seedling forming method of bletilla striata tissue culture corm and substrate adopted by one-step seedling forming method |
| CN103947433B (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-04 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method and matrix thereof |
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| CN104782375A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 陕西师范大学 | Germination accelerating method for Bletilla ochracea corm in winter |
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| CN105145104A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2015-12-16 | 张家界本草科技有限公司 | Method for segmenting bletilla striata tubers to perform seedling propagation and raising |
| CN105145104B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-09-21 | 张家界本草科技有限公司 | Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) tuber is utilized to carry out splitting breeding and seedling method |
| CN105379551A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-09 | 陕西师范大学 | Bletilla ochracea direct-seeded seedling transplanting method |
| CN105379551B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-01-12 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of live method for transplanting of chrysanthemum bletilla |
| CN108064646A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-25 | 昆明学院 | A kind of method that basic element of cell division inspires bletilla striata bulb reproduction |
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