CN103947433B - A kind of bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method and matrix thereof - Google Patents
A kind of bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method and matrix thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method and matrix thereof, the method comprise the steps: to select not ponding and fertile sandy loam field as nursery; Railway carriage or compartment, seedbed face width 1.2m, railway carriage or compartment height 20-30 ㎝, stromal thickness is 10cm; Directly sow on seedbed after selecting bletilla group training bulb to clean; Mix thin sand and soil with ash to cover, spray water, control wettability; Build and insert ground canopy, add sunshade net.Matrix is made up of 7 parts of sawdust faces of fully fermenting, 1 part of broken pine bark fully fermented, 1 part of the sheep excrement become thoroughly decomposed, 1 part of peat soil.The present invention solves bletilla plantlet in vitro field-transplanting technological difficulties problem; realize bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture; save the process of training tissue culture seedling domestication; reduce production cost; realize the large-scale production of bletilla, provide technical support for rare and endangered medicinal plant bletilla carries out artificial exploitation with wild resource available protecting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural science and technology, especially a kind of plantlet in vitro rooting culture domesticating cultivation method of rare crude drugs bletilla and seedling medium thereof.
Background technology
Rare crude drugs bletilla be orchid bletilla (
bletilla striata) dry tuber.Bletilla is perennial root herbelet, due to high medical value, and purposes is constantly expanded in industry etc., market demand rises year by year, market supply mainly by wild resource, is seldom shown in the planting base having more than 100 mu, price continuous rise more than 100 times at present, reaching 500 Yuan/㎏, is that only a few only appreciates one of rare medicinal material of not superposing.Going to wreck property of wild resource is excavated, and wild resource is in imminent danger, and the plant being put into the Precious, Rare, Endangered of country is protected, but also records in international trade pact (CITES) annex two, is subject to the International Protection, forbids wild resource trade.In addition, bletilla is spent greatly, look gorgeous, has higher ornamental value.Bletilla stem tuber is containing bletilla colloid (mucilaginous substance), starch, volatile oil, glucose etc.Bletilla bitter, sweet, puckery; Cold nature; Return lung, liver, stomach warp; There is astringing to arrest bleeding, the function of detumescence and promoting granulation.Be mainly used in treatment hemoptysis, haematemesis, traumatism and bleeding, sore swollen toxin, chapped skin, pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, ulcer haemorrhage etc.Except above clinical medicinal except, gum bletilla belongs to tubers natural macromolecule amylose, can replace west yellow work rubber powder and gummi arabicum pulveratum as emulsifier, suspending agent for food and chemical field.
Although bletilla has so numerous ornamental values and medical value, the output of annual bletilla is very low, is difficult to meet the need of market.Carrying out artificial cultivation is solve market demand approach the most effective with protection bletilla resource; plant using wild bletilla stem tuber as kind of a ball at present; because stock number is rare; input cost is high; so that enterprise in all parts of the country or peasant household actual planting base area is general less than 20 mu of (Shi Jing; Luo Yibo, Song Xiqiang. 2010 " China's bletilla striata MarketingResearchandAnalysis ").Seedling shortage becomes the bottleneck problem of restriction bletilla large-scale production development; soluble optimal path carries out tissue-culturing rapid propagation nursery with bletilla seed exactly; current technology maturation can obtain a large amount of seedling; but plantlet in vitro is transplanted to land for growing field crops technology and reports there are no successful case, be key problem in technology and the difficult point of bletilla industry development.Therefore, it is the domestication first carrying out bletilla group training bulb that the bletilla of prior art is cultivated, and then carry out second transplant, its production efficiency is still lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method and matrix formulations thereof, to realize the forming seedling through one step culture in bletilla cultivation, again to carry out the technical problem of field-transplanting after needing first to carry out organizing training bulb domestication 1-2 in the plantation solving prior art, shorten the production cycle, greatly reduce production cost.
The present invention mainly realizes the forming seedling through one step culture of bletilla group training bulb, and therefore forming seedling through one step culture is the basic demand reaching object of the present invention.For this reason, present invention employs following technical scheme:
The present invention is a kind of so bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method, and the method key step is such:
First, select not ponding and fertile sandy loam field as nursery; When soil is selected, the region that screening water source is neighbouring or annual ambient air humidity is larger.
Annual 2-3 month wholely, wherein railway carriage or compartment, seedbed face width 1.2m, railway carriage or compartment height 20-30 ㎝, stromal thickness is 10cm; The sheep excrement (cow dung avoids other ight soil) that the broken pine bark+1 part that matrix is fully fermented by 7 parts of+1 part, sawdust faces of fully fermenting becomes thoroughly decomposed+1 part of peat soil forms, and builds seedbed well.
The annual 3-6 month, select the 10-12 month bletilla group training bulb clean after, wipe out cauline leaf, directly sowing on seedbed, bulb diameter 1 more than ㎝, then with ash mix thin sand and soil cover, spray water, humidity, can not irrigate.Can sow for two seasons every year, namely the 3-6 first season month, the 10-12 second season month.
After planting build and insert ground canopy, note during temperature height ventilating, the annual 5-9 month adds one deck sunshade net.Check seedbed humidity every day, dry spray water in time, keep soil layer below moist but hold not water outlet being advisable, can not too dry or too wet.Situation according to seedling suitably sprays fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: solve bletilla plantlet in vitro field-transplanting technological difficulties problem; realize bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture; save the process of training tissue culture seedling domestication (domestication 1-2); greatly reduce production cost; realize the large-scale production of bletilla, provide technical support for rare and endangered medicinal plant bletilla carries out artificial exploitation with wild resource available protecting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
This embodiment of the present invention is implemented in accordance with the following steps:
1, screen the region that water source is neighbouring or annual ambient air humidity is larger, select fertile sandy loam field, not ponding; The 2-3 month wholely, railway carriage or compartment face width 1.2m, high 20 ㎝ in railway carriage or compartment; The matrix of layer overlay thickness 10 ㎝, sheep excrement+1 part of peat soil that the broken pine bark+1 part that matrix is fully fermented by 7 parts of+1 part, sawdust faces of fully fermenting becomes thoroughly decomposed forms, and builds seedbed well.
2, sow: the 3-6 month, select the 10-12 month after bletilla group training bulb cleans respectively, wipe out cauline leaf and directly sow on seedbed, bulb diametric requirements 1 more than ㎝, then mix thin sand and soil with ash and cover, spray water, moist, can not irrigate.
3, scaffolding and management: after planting build and insert ground canopy, note during temperature height ventilating, the 5-9 month adds one deck sunshade net.Check seedbed humidity every day, dry spray water in time, keep soil layer below moist but hold not water outlet being advisable, can not too dry or too wet.Situation according to seedling suitably sprays fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 2:
This embodiment of the present invention is implemented in accordance with the following steps:
1, screen the region that water source is neighbouring or annual ambient air humidity is larger, select fertile sandy loam field, not ponding; The 2-3 month wholely, railway carriage or compartment face width 1.2m, high 30 ㎝ in railway carriage or compartment; The matrix of layer overlay thickness 10 ㎝, cow dung+1 part of peat soil that the broken pine bark+1 part that matrix is fully fermented by 7 parts of+1 part, sawdust faces of fully fermenting becomes thoroughly decomposed forms, and builds seedbed well.
2, sow: select the 3-6 month bletilla group training bulb clean after, wipe out cauline leaf, directly sowing on seedbed, bulb diametric requirements 1 more than ㎝, then with ash mix thin sand and soil cover, spray water, humidity, can not irrigate.
3, scaffolding and management: after planting build and insert ground canopy, note during temperature height ventilating, the 5-9 month adds one deck sunshade net.Check seedbed humidity every day, dry spray water in time, keep soil layer below moist but hold not water outlet being advisable, can not too dry or too wet.Situation according to seedling suitably sprays fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
Embodiment 3:
This embodiment of the present invention is implemented in accordance with the following steps:
1, screen the region that water source is neighbouring or annual ambient air humidity is larger, select fertile sandy loam field, not ponding; The 2-3 month wholely, railway carriage or compartment face width 1.2m, high 25 ㎝ in railway carriage or compartment; The matrix of layer overlay thickness 12 ㎝, sheep excrement+1 part of peat soil that matrix is become thoroughly decomposed by 2 parts of+2 parts, sawdust faces of becoming thoroughly decomposed by matrix forms, and builds seedbed well.
2, sow: select the 3-6 month bletilla group training bulb clean after, wipe out cauline leaf, directly sowing on seedbed, bulb diametric requirements 1 more than ㎝, then with ash mix thin sand and soil cover, spray water, humidity, can not irrigate.
3, scaffolding and management: after planting build and insert ground canopy, note during temperature height ventilating, the 5-9 month adds one deck sunshade net.Check seedbed humidity every day, dry spray water in time, keep soil layer below moist but hold not water outlet being advisable, can not too dry or too wet.Situation according to seedling suitably sprays fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
Certainly, more than just embody rule example of the present invention, the technical scheme that the present invention also has other embodiment, all employings to be equal to replacement or equivalent transformation to be formed, all drops within protection domain of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (3)
1. a bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method, is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
(1) select not ponding and fertile sandy loam field as nursery;
(2) seedbed is built and is laid matrix, and time of site preparation is 2-3 month, wherein railway carriage or compartment, seedbed face width 1.2m, railway carriage or compartment height 20-30 ㎝, and stromal thickness is 10cm;
(3) after selecting bletilla group training bulb to clean, directly sowing is on seedbed, and wherein bulb diameter 1 more than ㎝, wipes out cauline leaf, and the sowing time is 3-6 month or 10-12 month;
(4) cover with ash doping thin sand and soil, spray water, controls wettability;
(5) build slotting ground canopy, add one deck sunshade net during 5-9 month, check every day and control seedbed humidity; Described matrix is made up of 7 parts of sawdust faces of fully fermenting, 1 part of broken pine bark fully fermented, 1 part of the sheep excrement become thoroughly decomposed, 1 part of peat soil.
2. bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sheep excrement can substitute with cow dung, but other animal wastes unavailable substitute.
3. the matrix that a bletilla group training bulb forming seedling through one step culture method is used, it is characterized in that: sheep excrement+1 part of peat soil that the broken pine bark+1 part that this matrix is fully fermented by 7 parts of+1 part, sawdust faces of fully fermenting becomes thoroughly decomposed forms, described sheep excrement can substitute with cow dung, but other animal wastes unavailable substitute.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104472202A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-01 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Cultivation method for bletilla striata seed stems |
| CN104782375B (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2017-01-11 | 陕西师范大学 | Germination accelerating method for Bletilla ochracea corm in winter |
| CN104938170A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-30 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Greenhouse cultivation method for rhizoma bletillae seed stems |
| CN105103928A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for acclimatizing and transplanting bletilla striata tissue culture seedlings |
| CN109169132A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | A kind of Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait tissue-cultured seedling crop field efficient cultivation method |
| CN109496782B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-11-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Heeling-in substrate beneficial to growth of rhizoma bletillae tissue culture seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| CN109863933A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-06-11 | 中华全国供销合作总社南京野生植物综合利用研究所 | The technology of bletilla is efficiently planted under a kind of metasequoia woods |
| CN110771443B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-12-21 | 阳山县三连阳生态农林开发有限公司 | Yangshan bletilla striata single culture medium formula sterile seeding seedling production process |
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