CN110358821A - 检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症g6pd基因突变的引物、试剂盒和方法 - Google Patents
检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症g6pd基因突变的引物、试剂盒和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了用于检测葡萄糖‑6‑磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症相关基因G6PD的热点突变的引物,包括扩增G6PD的c.1376,c.1388位点的引物;采用Sanger测序技术,可用于快速检测G6PD缺乏症患者体内c.1376,c.1388位点突变情况。利用本发明完成的检测结果准确,对G6PD缺乏症患者的快速诊断有重要的参考意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生命科学和生物技术领域,特别涉及检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症相关基因G6PD的c.1376,c.1388位点突变的引物、方法和试剂盒。
背景技术
葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏症是人类最常见的红细胞酶病之一,全球超过4亿人患病。也是我国南方最常见的遗传性血液病,其实质是G6PD基因的突变。
G6PD是一种存在于人体红细胞内,参与调控人体内的氧化还原过程的一种酶,与人体最重要的还原性物质还原型辅酶Ⅱ的产生有关。还原型辅酶II为体内众多生化反应中的供氢体,保护细胞膜免受氧化损伤。若缺乏该酶,则可能在氧化诱导因素的作用下破坏红细胞膜,造成溶血性疾病的发生。G6PD缺乏症可导致新生儿溶血,并可由外源性氧化物诱导产生急性溶血性贫血,出现黄疸、精神不佳等症状。某些G6PD相关的基因突变可以引起慢性溶血,导致遗传性非球形红细胞贫血的发生。
G6PD缺乏症在临床上的表现有5种类型:慢性非球形细胞溶血性贫血、蚕豆病、药物性溶血、新生儿黄疸及某些感染性溶血。G6PD缺乏症易发生新生儿高胆红素血症的主要机理是红细胞过氧化损伤,另外还与红细胞寿命短、肝脏处理胆红素的能力下降有关。
目前己知G6PD基因位于X染色体长臂2区8带(Xq28),基因长约18Kb,有13个外显子和12个内含子,由515个氨基酸组成。G6PD缺乏症的遗传方式呈x连锁不完全显性遗传。世界上已有200个以上的G6PD变异型被确定,在我国, Ganton(1376G→T)和Kaiping(1388G→A)是G6PD缺乏症的主要基因型。近年来,我国部分省市已把其作为优生优育的一环开始对育龄夫妇G6PD进行筛查。
研究G6PD基因突变与G6PD缺乏症的临床关系,可以有效准确的对患者的诊断和治疗提供有效的建议。该病的及早诊断和预防是我国优生优育工作的一个重要组成部分。本发明所述的方法可以及早检测是待检样本种否存在G6PD基因突变,从而判断其是否为G6PD缺乏症的患者或者携带者,给患者合理的建议,避免使用可能引起溶血的药物或食物,并能更有针对性地处理由此引起的新生儿高胆红素血症。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症G6PD基因突变的引物,其特征在于,G6PD基因突变位点是c.1376,c.1388位点,所述引物包括:扩增G6PD的c.1376,c.1388位点的扩增引物G6PD-F、G6PD-R和测序引物M13F、 M13R,其碱基序列为:
G6PD-F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGTGCAGCCGTCGTCCTCTATG
G6PD-R:AACAGCTATGACCATGCACCTGCCATAAATATAGGGGAT
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
本发明的第二个目的是提供检测G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点突变情况的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)抽提外周血或肌肉组织中的基因组DNA;
(2)利用扩增引物G6PD-F、G6PD-R对步骤(1)中提取的DNA进行扩增,获得扩增产物;
G6PD-F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGTGCAGCCGTCGTCCTCTATG
G6PD-R:AACAGCTATGACCATGCACCTGCCATAAATATAGGGGAT
(3)利用测序引物M13F、M13R对步骤(2)中的扩增产物进行测序;
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG
(4)对测序结果进行判断,通过判读G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点的测序图中是否有双峰来判断G6PD基因是否发生突变。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种检测G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点突变情况的试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括检测体系PCR扩增反应液、测序体系反应液,其特征在于,所述检测体系PCR扩增反应液包括一对扩增引物G6PD-F、G6PD-R,所述测序体系反应液包括一对测序引物M13F、M13R,其序列为:
G6PD-F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGTGCAGCCGTCGTCCTCTATG
G6PD-R:AACAGCTATGACCATGCACCTGCCATAAATATAGGGGAT;
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
进一步地,所述检测体系PCR扩增反应液还包括2×PCR Buffer、dNTPs和 KOD FXDNA聚合酶。
进一步地,所述测序体系反应液还包括EDTA、无水乙醇、75%乙醇、HIDI 和BigdyeTerminator V3.1。
进一步地,所述测序体系反应液还包括测序纯化液,所述测序纯化液包括核酸外切酶I和牛小肠碱性磷酸酶。
进一步地,所述试剂盒还包括阳性对照品和阴性对照品。
有益效果:本发明设计了扩增G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点的引物,采用 PCR技术,构建了稳定的扩增体系。通过调整引物浓度、退火温度等反应条件,可使扩增效率达到最佳;另外针对于我国G6PD缺乏症高发的两个基因型的2个位点c.1376和c.1388,本发明只需要1对引物即可完成检测。如果使用荧光定量PCR方法想要同样要检测这2个位点则需要至少设计2个探针和相应的扩增引物,成本高昂,操作繁琐。总之本发明所述的引物、方法可以极大地降低样本和试剂使用量,从而显著地降低检测成本;相比较于PCR-RFLP法,本方法具有省时省力的优点,相比较于荧光定量PCR法则降低了检测的成本和难度。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应当注意的是,实施例中未说明的常规条件和方法,通常按照所属领域实验人员常规采用方法:譬如,奥斯柏和金斯顿主编的《精编分子生物学实验指南》第四版,或者按照制造厂商所建议的步骤和条件。
实施例1
检测G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点突变情况的引物,该引物是特异性针对 G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点所设计的扩增引物:
检测G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点突变情况的试剂盒,包括
(i)血液/组织DNA抽提试剂;
(ii)检测体系PCR反应液;
(iii)测序体系试剂;
(iv)阳性对照品和阴性对照品。
其中,血液/组织DNA抽提试剂可购自天根DNA抽提试剂盒等商品化试剂。
检测体系PCR扩增反应液包括:2×PCR Buffer;2mM dNTPs;KOD FX DNAPolymerase(1U/μl);G6PD-F(10μM),G6PD-R(10μM)。
G6PD-F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGTGCAGCCGTCGTCCTCTATG
G6PD-R:AACAGCTATGACCATGCACCTGCCATAAATATAGGGGAT;
测序体系试剂包括:测序纯化液(ExoI:0.6U,CIP:1.2U);EDTA(125mmol)、无水乙醇;75%乙醇;HIDI(高度去离子甲酰胺);测序引物:M13F(3.2μm)、M 13R(3.2μm)。
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
实施例2
血液/细胞/组织基因组DNA抽提试剂盒(天根生物)的操作流程:
(1)抽提血液中的组织DNA:
1)抽取300μl血液加入900μl红细胞裂解液,颠倒混匀,室温放置5分钟,期间再颠倒混匀几次。12,000rpm离心1min,吸去上清,留下白细胞沉淀,加200μl 缓冲液GA,振荡至彻底混匀。
2)加入20μl蛋白酶K溶液,混匀。
3)加入200μl缓冲液GB,充分颠倒混匀,70℃放置10分钟,溶液应变清亮,简短离心以去除管盖内壁的水珠。
4)加入200μl无水乙醇,充分振荡混匀15秒,此时可能会出现絮状沉淀,简短离心以去除管盖内壁的水珠。
5)将上一步所得溶液和絮状沉淀都加入一个吸附柱CB3中(吸附柱放入收集管中),12,000rpm离心30秒,倒掉废液,将吸附柱CB3放回收集管中。
6)向吸附柱CB3中加入500μl缓冲液GD(使用前请先检查是否已加入无水乙醇),12,000rpm离心30秒,倒掉废液,将吸附柱CB3放入收集管中。
7)向吸附柱CB3中加入700μl漂洗液PW(使用前请先检查是否已加入无水乙醇),12,000rpm离心30秒,倒掉废液,将吸附柱CB3放入收集管中。
8)向吸附柱CB3中加入500μl漂洗液PW,12,000rpm离心30秒,倒掉废液。
9)将吸附柱CB3放回收集管中,12,000rpm离心2分钟,倒掉废液。将吸附柱CB3置于室温放置数分钟,以彻底晾干吸附材料中残余的漂洗液。
10)将吸附柱CB3转入一个干净的离心管中,向吸附膜的中间部位悬空滴加 100μl洗脱缓冲液TE,室温放置2-5分钟,12,000rpm离心2分钟,将溶液收集到离心管中。
(2)试剂配置:按检测人份数配置检测体系PCR反应液各Xμl,每人份18μl 分装:
X=18μl反应液×(n份标本+1份阳性对照+1份阴性对照+1份空白对照)
n为检测标本数。
(3)加样:加入检测体系PCR反应液中2μl DNA;阳性对照和阴性对照直接加2μl阳性对照品和阴性对照品;空白对照加2μl生理盐水或不加任何物质。
(4)扩增:检测在常规PCR仪上进行,可用仪器包括ABI veriti(美国AppliedBiosystems公司)等。反应条件如下:
PCR扩增体系试剂配制方法如下:
其中,Primer-F/Primer-R分别为G6PD-F,G6PD-R,其碱基序列如下所示:
(5)电泳:1.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,110V,35min,凝胶成像系统观察。
(6)Sanger测序:
取9μl PCR产物与2μl纯化体系。按照以下程序进行纯化:
将1μl纯化产物分别与上、下测序引物按照如下体系进行混合:
测序反应程序:
沉淀环节:
向完成测序反应的产物中加入2μl 125mmol的EDTA,静置5min;加入15 μl无水乙醇,漩涡混匀;3700rpm离心30min;倒置离心15sec,加入50ml70%乙醇,漩涡混匀;3700rpm离心15min;倒置离心15sec,置于95℃金属浴上;加入10μl HIDI后进行变性5min,最后-20℃2min上测序仪(ABI3730)测序。
(7)结果判断:分别将测序结果与G6PD(NC_000023.11)参考序列进行比对,根据实际突变情况对结果进行报告。
序列表
<110> 上海艾迪康医学检验所有限公司
<120> 检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症G6PD基因突变的引物、试剂盒和方法
<160> 4
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 37
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
tgtaaaacga cggccagtgc agccgtcgtc ctctatg 37
<210> 2
<211> 39
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
aacagctatg accatgcacc tgccataaat ataggggat 39
<210> 3
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
tgtaaaacga cggccagt 18
<210> 4
<211> 16
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 4
aacagctatg accatg 16
Claims (7)
1.检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症G6PD基因突变的引物,其特征在于,G6PD基因突变位点是c.1376,c.1388位点,所述引物包括:扩增G6PD的c.1376,c.1388位点的扩增引物G6PD-F、G6PD-R和测序引物M13F、M13R,其碱基序列为:
G6PD-F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGTGCAGCCGTCGTCCTCTATG
G6PD-R:AACAGCTATGACCATGCACCTGCCATAAATATAGGGGAT
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
2.检测G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点突变的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)抽提外周血中的基因组DNA;
(2)利用扩增引物G6PD-F、G6PD-R对步骤(1)中提取的DNA进行扩增,获得扩增产物;
G6PD-F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGTGCAGCCGTCGTCCTCTATG
G6PD-R:AACAGCTATGACCATGCACCTGCCATAAATATAGGGGAT
(3)利用测序引物M13F、M13R对步骤(2)中的扩增产物进行测序;
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG
(4)对测序结果进行判断,通过判读G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点的测序图中是否有双峰来判断G6PD基因是否发生突变。
3.检测G6PD基因c.1376,c.1388位点突变情况的试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括检测体系PCR扩增反应液、测序体系反应液,其特征在于,所述检测体系PCR扩增反应液包括一对扩增引物G6PD-F、G6PD-R,所述测序体系反应液包括一对测序引物M13F、M13R,其序列为:
G6PD-F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGTGCAGCCGTCGTCCTCTATG
G6PD-R:AACAGCTATGACCATGCACCTGCCATAAATATAGGGGAT
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
4.如权利要求3所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述检测体系PCR扩增反应液还包括2×PCR Buffer、dNTPs和KOD FX DNA聚合酶。
5.如权利要求3所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述测序体系反应液还包括EDTA、无水乙醇、75%乙醇、HIDI和Bigdye Terminator V3.1。
6.如权利要求5所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述测序体系反应液还包括测序纯化液,所述测序纯化液包括核酸外切酶I和牛小肠碱性磷酸酶。
7.如权利要求3所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒还包括阳性对照品和阴性对照品。
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