CN110214622A - A kind of method for culturing seedlings improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110214622A CN110214622A CN201910603322.8A CN201910603322A CN110214622A CN 110214622 A CN110214622 A CN 110214622A CN 201910603322 A CN201910603322 A CN 201910603322A CN 110214622 A CN110214622 A CN 110214622A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate, comprising the following steps: (1) seed collection, (2) seed treatment, (3) vernalization processing, the processing of (4) nursery, (5) sowing and (6) field management.The present invention effectively increases the germination rate of seed, select that environment is wet, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, fertile loam soil loose, that soil layer is deep are nursery, excellent planting site is improved for sowing, and apply fertilizer and thimerosal, nutrient is abundant, growing environment is excellent etc., frequency of irrigation is reduced, the survival rate and output of seedling of diversiform-leaved poplar can be effectively improved, output of seedling up to ten thousand plants of 4-5 and is emerged neatly per acre, and overwintering rear storage rate reduces seedling cost up to 90% or more, with simple and easy, the characteristics of use easy to spread.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to trees seedling-raising technique fields, and in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate.
Background technique
Diversiform-leaved poplar is a plant of Angiospermae, Dicotyledoneae, Dilleniidae, Salicales, Salicaceae, Populus
Object, is the medium-sized natural arbor of fallen leaves, and diameter is up to 1.5 meters, wooden delicate, the large faint scent of leaf.Drought-enduring waterlogging, life is stupid
It by force, is rare one of the tree species of nature.
The diversiform-leaved poplar age of tree was up to 200 years, and trunk is logical straight, 10-15 meters high, dilute shrub shape.Leaf is peculiar, waste because being grown in extremely drought
Unconcerned area, to adapt to drought environment, the blade being grown on treelet spray is long and narrow such as willow, the big leaf set on old branch item it is mellow and full such as
Poplar.
Diversiform-leaved poplar can germinate seedling from root, can endure environment arid in desert, have extremely strong endurance to saline and alkaline.Bark
Ficelle, lower bar are split；It is thin to sprout branch, round, smooth or micro- villous.Bud ellipse, smooth, brown are about 7 millimeters.It is long
Leaf wire lanceolar or narrow lanceolar on branch and seedlings or saplings, full edge or irregular rarefaction wave shape teeth edge；Bearing tree sprig
Mud yellow has down or hairless, and rich salt content, mouth have stung saline taste in branch.
Leaf changeableization, oval, oval shape lanceolar, triangle volt oval or kidney shape are 25 centimetres long, 3 centimetres wide, first
There are 2~4 pairs of bastard teeth at end, and base portion wedge shape, wealthy wedge shape, circle or section shape have 2 gland points, and two sides is homochromy；Dilute close heart-shaped or wide wedge
Shape；Long 1~3 centimetre of petiole smooth, micro- flat, about isometric with blade, and it is extremely short to sprout branches and leaves handle, only 1 centimetre long, there is down or light
It is sliding.There are also many notches for leaf edges, and are somewhat like maple leaf, become mildewed on leaf keratin, branch or even treelet leaf such as willow leaf, to subtract
The evaporation of few moisture, therefore it has the title of " becoming leaf poplar ", " cotton tree " again.
Dioecism, water chestnut Ying Huaxu；Bract diamond shape, top are caducous often with sawtooth；Male inflorescence is carefully cylindrical, 2-3 lis long
Rice, axis have down, and stamen 15-25, anther aubergine, floral disc film quality, there are irregular teeth at edge；Bract slightly assumes diamond in shape, long
About 3 millimeters, thin teeth are arranged at top；Female inflorescence is about 2.5 centimetres, and fruiting period is up to 9 centimetres, and rachis has down or hairless, son
Room tool stalk, column cap are broad, and aubergine, long avette, tomentellate or hairless, ovary handle is about isometric with ovary, and column cap 3,2 is shallowly split,
Scarlet or pistac.The long oval of capsule, 10-12 millimeters long, 2-3 valve is split, hairless.May at florescence, the fruiting period 7-8 month.
It checks winds and fixes drifting sand since diversiform-leaved poplar can be realized, plays the role of protecting desert Vulnerable Ecological, improve severe natural conditions.Together
When, diversiform-leaved poplar ornamental value is strong, is mostly used in afforestation, has positive effect to exploitation diversiform-leaved poplar landscape tourism and afforestation, sufficiently
The economic value and ornamental value of diversiform-leaved poplar are played.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate, can effectively improve the survival rate of diversiform-leaved poplar.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate.
The solution of the present invention is as follows, a kind of method for culturing seedlings improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) seed collection:
During the 6-7 month Cai Shou Follicle radish shell be in isabelline or brown, the Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit of seed milk yellow or rufous,
Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness 1-5cm, stirs 2-4 times daily, and degree to be cracked reaches 86-
Diversiform-leaved poplar seed is sorted out in decladding when 92%；
(2) seed treatment:
The diversiform-leaved poplar seed of selection full grains is put into container, and the 45-55 of 3-5 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight is added into container
DEG C hot water stirs 10-20s, outwells hot water, the seed-soaking liquid of 1-3 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight is then added into container, in 30-50
It is impregnated at a temperature of DEG C, crack occurs to diversiform-leaved poplar seed coat and cracking rate reaches 70%, diversiform-leaved poplar seed can picked up and be dried,
It is spare；
(3) vernalization is handled:
A, reservoir is built: with brick interim pond out, the interim a height of 4m*4m*0.6m of pond length and width, with plastic film cloth
It is laid on interim basin bottom, while to surround the brick wall of surrounding, to prevent pond leak, after completing, puts clear water depth 0.4m；
B, Steeping and budding: will pour into interim pond by the diversiform-leaved poplar seed of step (2) processing, seed shakeout, every
1-3h stirring is primary, the 2nd day removal clear water, changes salting liquid, salting liquid depth 0.4m, and each ion concentration included in salting liquid is
Mg 2+12-16mmol/L、Ca 2+1-3mmol/L、Na+2-4mmol/L、K+3-5mmol/L、Cl–10-20mmol/L、HCO3 –2-
6mmol/L；It repeats to operate for the 1st day, the 2nd day, the 1st day respectively within 3rd day, the 4th day, the 5th day, wherein fishing goes to float on above at any time
Impurity and shrivelled seed；
(4) nursery is handled:
A, selection environment is wet, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, it is fertile it is loose, soil layer is deep
Loam soil be nursery, ditching, ridging, the depth of ditch is 30-40cm relative to ridge top, and the gradient on the ridge is 30-40 °；
B, mu applies self-control fertilizer 200-300kg, and self-control fertilizer is made of following parts by weight ingredient: rape cake 25-35 weight
Part, chicken manure 30-40 parts by weight, alcohol grain 2-8 parts by weight, 1-5 parts of hexadecanol, 1-3 parts of methionine, EDTA chelated iron 1-3 weight
Measure part, plant ash 8-14 parts by weight, wormcast 2-6 parts by weight, bentonite 12-18 parts by weight, 11-13 parts of wood sawdust, micro member
Plain 1-3 parts by weight；
C, mass concentration is used to carry out spray disinfectant processing to nursery for 84 thimerosals of 2-6% before sowing；
(5) it sows:
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate to away from ditch along 5cm, to infiltration under moisture in ditch extremely away from bottom of trench 6-10cm at
When, carry out artificial seeding；When sowing by seed be sowed at ditch two sides away from ditch top 8-12cm at, sowing width be 6-8cm；After planting
It all germinates, irrigates 2-3 times to seed；
(6) field management:
Daily rich water pouring and pest management are carried out to nursery after planting, can be transplanted after 1 year.
Further, step (1) seed collection of the present invention:
During the 6-7 month Cai Shou Follicle radish shell be in isabelline or brown, the Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit of seed milk yellow or rufous,
Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness 3cm, stirs daily 3 times, when degree to be cracked is up to 90%
Decladding sorts out diversiform-leaved poplar seed, and is further removed the impurity in the diversiform-leaved poplar seed sorted out with small-sized winnowing machine, makes diversiform-leaved poplar seed
Without pericarp and dust.
Further, step (2) seed treatment of the present invention:
The diversiform-leaved poplar seed of selection full grains is put into container, and 4 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of 50 DEG C of heat are added into container
Water stirs 15s, outwells hot water, and 2 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of seed-soaking liquid is then added into container, 40 DEG C at a temperature of soak
, there is crack to diversiform-leaved poplar seed coat and cracking rate reaches 70%, can pick up diversiform-leaved poplar seed and dry in bubble, spare；
Further, seed-soaking liquid of the present invention is Gram nutrient solution suddenly.
Further, in step (3) vernalization processing of the present invention, each ion concentration included in salting liquid is Mg2+
14mmol/L、Ca 2+2mmol/L、Na+3mmol/L、K+4mmol/L、Cl–15mmol/L、HCO3 –14mmol/L。
Further, in step (3) vernalization processing of the present invention, temperature is 30 DEG C, and illumination condition is 12h illumination/12h
It is dark.
Further, step (4) nursery processing of the present invention:
A, selection environment is wet, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, it is fertile it is loose, soil layer is deep
Loam soil be nursery, ditching, ridging, the depth of ditch is 35cm relative to ridge top, and the gradient on the ridge is 35 °；
B, mu applies self-control fertilizer 250kg, and self-control fertilizer is made of following parts by weight ingredient: 30 parts by weight of rape cake, chicken manure
35 parts by weight, alcohol poor 5 parts by weight, 3 parts of hexadecanol, 2 parts of methionine, 2 parts by weight of EDTA chelated iron, 11 weight of plant ash
Part, 4 parts by weight of wormcast, 15 parts by weight of bentonite, 12 parts of wood sawdust, 2 parts by weight of microelement；
C, mass concentration is used to carry out spray disinfectant processing to nursery for 4% 84 thimerosals before sowing.
Further, step (5) sowing of the present invention:
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate to away from ditch along 5cm, when infiltration under moisture in ditch extremely away from bottom of trench 8cm when,
Carry out artificial seeding；When sowing by seed be sowed at ditch two sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing width be 7cm；After planting to seed
All germinations are irrigated 3 times.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: method for culturing seedlings of the invention passes through (1) seed collection, (2) seed treatment, (3) vernalization
Processing, the processing of (4) nursery, (5) sowing and (6) field management step select good diversiform-leaved poplar seed and utilize to seed
It builds reservoir and carries out the operation such as Steeping and budding, effectively increase the germination rate of seed, selection environment is wet, saline and alkaline quality contains
Amount≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, fertile loam soil loose, that soil layer is deep are nursery, are improved for sowing excellent
Planting site, and apply fertilizer and thimerosal, nutrient is abundant, and growing environment is excellent etc., method provided by the invention carries out diversiform-leaved poplar
Nursery, frequency of irrigation are reduced, and can effectively improve the survival rate and output of seedling of diversiform-leaved poplar, and output of seedling up to ten thousand plants of 4-5 and is emerged per acre
Neatly, overwintering rear storage rate is up to 90% or more, while reducing seedling cost, has simple and easy, the spy easy to spread used
Point.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also be by addition different
Specific embodiment be embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application,
Without departing from carrying out various modifications or alterations under spirit of the invention.
A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate of embodiment 1
A kind of method for culturing seedlings improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) seed collection:
During the 6-7 month Cai Shou Follicle radish shell be in isabelline or brown, the Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit of seed milk yellow or rufous,
Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness 1cm, stirs daily 2 times, when degree to be cracked is up to 86%
Diversiform-leaved poplar seed is sorted out in decladding；And further removed the impurity in the diversiform-leaved poplar seed sorted out with small-sized winnowing machine, make diversiform-leaved poplar seed
Without pericarp and dust；
(2) seed treatment:
The diversiform-leaved poplar seed of selection full grains is put into container, and 3 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of 45 DEG C of heat are added into container
Water stirs 10s, outwells hot water, and 1 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of seed-soaking liquid is then added into container, 30 DEG C at a temperature of soak
, there is crack to diversiform-leaved poplar seed coat and cracking rate reaches 70%, can pick up diversiform-leaved poplar seed and dry in bubble, spare；
(3) vernalization is handled:
A, reservoir is built: with brick interim pond out, the interim a height of 4m*4m*0.6m of pond length and width, with plastic film cloth
It is laid on interim basin bottom, while to surround the brick wall of surrounding, to prevent pond leak, after completing, puts clear water depth 0.4m；
B, Steeping and budding: will pour into interim pond by the diversiform-leaved poplar seed of step (2) processing, seed shakeout, every
1h stirring is primary, the 2nd day removal clear water, changes salting liquid, salting liquid depth 0.4m, and each ion concentration included in salting liquid is Mg2+12mmol/L、Ca 2+1mmol/L、Na+2mmol/L、K+3mmol/L、Cl–10mmol/L、HCO3 –2mmol/L；3rd day, the 4th
It, repeat within the 5th day to operate for the 1st day, the 2nd day, the 1st day respectively, wherein fishing goes to float on impurity and shrivelled kind above at any time
Son；
(4) nursery is handled:
A, selection environment is wet, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, it is fertile it is loose, soil layer is deep
Loam soil be nursery, ditching, ridging, the depth of ditch is 30cm relative to ridge top, and the gradient on the ridge is 30 °；
B, mu applies self-control fertilizer 200kg, and self-control fertilizer is made of following parts by weight ingredient: 25 parts by weight of rape cake, chicken manure
Poor 2 parts by weight of 30 parts by weight, alcohol, 1 part of hexadecanol, 1 part of methionine, 1 parts by weight of EDTA chelated iron, 8 parts by weight of plant ash,
2 parts by weight of wormcast, 12 parts by weight of bentonite, 11 parts of wood sawdust, 1 parts by weight of microelement；
C, mass concentration is used to carry out spray disinfectant processing to nursery for 2% 84 thimerosals before sowing；
(5) it sows:
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate to away from ditch along 5cm, when infiltration under moisture in ditch extremely away from bottom of trench 6cm when,
Carry out artificial seeding；When sowing by seed be sowed at ditch two sides away from ditch top 8cm at, sowing width be 6cm；It is after planting complete to seed
Portion's germination, is irrigated 2 times；
(6) field management:
Daily rich water pouring and pest management are carried out to nursery after planting, can be transplanted after 1 year.
As priority scheme of the invention, seed-soaking liquid of the present invention is Gram nutrient solution suddenly.
As priority scheme of the invention, in step (3) vernalization processing of the present invention, temperature is 30 DEG C, illumination condition
It is dark for 12h illumination/12h.
A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate of embodiment 2
A kind of method for culturing seedlings improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) seed collection:
During the 6-7 month Cai Shou Follicle radish shell be in isabelline or brown, the Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit of seed milk yellow or rufous,
Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness 1-5cm, stirs 2-4 times daily, and degree to be cracked reaches 86-
Diversiform-leaved poplar seed is sorted out in decladding when 92%；
(2) seed treatment:
The diversiform-leaved poplar seed of selection full grains is put into container, and the 45-55 of 3-5 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight is added into container
DEG C hot water stirs 10-20s, outwells hot water, the seed-soaking liquid of 1-3 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight is then added into container, in 30-50
It is impregnated at a temperature of DEG C, crack occurs to diversiform-leaved poplar seed coat and cracking rate reaches 70%, diversiform-leaved poplar seed can picked up and be dried,
It is spare；
(3) vernalization is handled:
A, reservoir is built: with brick interim pond out, the interim a height of 4m*4m*0.6m of pond length and width, with plastic film cloth
It is laid on interim basin bottom, while to surround the brick wall of surrounding, to prevent pond leak, after completing, puts clear water depth 0.4m；
B, Steeping and budding: will pour into interim pond by the diversiform-leaved poplar seed of step (2) processing, seed shakeout, every
1-3h stirring is primary, the 2nd day removal clear water, changes salting liquid, salting liquid depth 0.4m, and each ion concentration included in salting liquid is
Mg 2+12-16mmol/L、Ca 2+1-3mmol/L、Na+2-4mmol/L、K+3-5mmol/L、Cl–10-20mmol/L、HCO3 –2-
6mmol/L；It repeats to operate for the 1st day, the 2nd day, the 1st day respectively within 3rd day, the 4th day, the 5th day, wherein fishing goes to float on above at any time
Impurity and shrivelled seed；
(4) nursery is handled:
A, selection environment is wet, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, it is fertile it is loose, soil layer is deep
Loam soil be nursery, ditching, ridging, the depth of ditch is 30-40cm relative to ridge top, and the gradient on the ridge is 30-40 °；
B, mu applies self-control fertilizer 200-300kg, and self-control fertilizer is made of following parts by weight ingredient: rape cake 25-35 weight
Part, chicken manure 30-40 parts by weight, alcohol grain 2-8 parts by weight, 1-5 parts of hexadecanol, 1-3 parts of methionine, EDTA chelated iron 1-3 weight
Measure part, plant ash 8-14 parts by weight, wormcast 2-6 parts by weight, bentonite 12-18 parts by weight, 11-13 parts of wood sawdust, micro member
Plain 1-3 parts by weight；
C, mass concentration is used to carry out spray disinfectant processing to nursery for 84 thimerosals of 2-6% before sowing；
(5) it sows:
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate to away from ditch along 5cm, to infiltration under moisture in ditch extremely away from bottom of trench 6-10cm at
When, carry out artificial seeding；When sowing by seed be sowed at ditch two sides away from ditch top 8-12cm at, sowing width be 6-8cm；After planting
It all germinates, irrigates 2-3 times to seed；
(6) field management:
Daily rich water pouring and pest management are carried out to nursery after planting, can be transplanted after 1 year.
As priority scheme of the invention, step (1) seed collection of the present invention:
During the 6-7 month Cai Shou Follicle radish shell be in isabelline or brown, the Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit of seed milk yellow or rufous,
Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness 3cm, stirs daily 3 times, when degree to be cracked is up to 90%
Decladding sorts out diversiform-leaved poplar seed, and is further removed the impurity in the diversiform-leaved poplar seed sorted out with small-sized winnowing machine, makes diversiform-leaved poplar seed
Without pericarp and dust.
As priority scheme of the invention, step (2) seed treatment of the present invention:
The diversiform-leaved poplar seed of selection full grains is put into container, and 4 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of 50 DEG C of heat are added into container
Water stirs 15s, outwells hot water, and 2 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of seed-soaking liquid is then added into container, 40 DEG C at a temperature of soak
, there is crack to diversiform-leaved poplar seed coat and cracking rate reaches 70%, can pick up diversiform-leaved poplar seed and dry in bubble, spare；
As priority scheme of the invention, seed-soaking liquid of the present invention is Gram nutrient solution suddenly.
As priority scheme of the invention, in step (3) vernalization processing of the present invention, each ion included in salting liquid
Concentration is Mg2+14mmol/L、Ca 2+2mmol/L、Na+3mmol/L、K+4mmol/L、Cl–15mmol/L、HCO3 –14mmol/L。
As priority scheme of the invention, in step (3) vernalization processing of the present invention, temperature is 30 DEG C, illumination condition
It is dark for 12h illumination/12h.
As priority scheme of the invention, step (4) nursery processing of the present invention:
A, selection environment is wet, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, it is fertile it is loose, soil layer is deep
Loam soil be nursery, ditching, ridging, the depth of ditch is 35cm relative to ridge top, and the gradient on the ridge is 35 °；
B, mu applies self-control fertilizer 250kg, and self-control fertilizer is made of following parts by weight ingredient: 30 parts by weight of rape cake, chicken manure
35 parts by weight, alcohol poor 5 parts by weight, 3 parts of hexadecanol, 2 parts of methionine, 2 parts by weight of EDTA chelated iron, 11 weight of plant ash
Part, 4 parts by weight of wormcast, 15 parts by weight of bentonite, 12 parts of wood sawdust, 2 parts by weight of microelement；
C, mass concentration is used to carry out spray disinfectant processing to nursery for 4% 84 thimerosals before sowing.
As priority scheme of the invention, step (5) sowing of the present invention:
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate to away from ditch along 5cm, when infiltration under moisture in ditch extremely away from bottom of trench 8cm when,
Carry out artificial seeding；When sowing by seed be sowed at ditch two sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing width be 7cm；After planting to seed
All germinations are irrigated 3 times.
A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate of embodiment 3
A kind of method for culturing seedlings improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) seed collection:
During the 6-7 month Cai Shou Follicle radish shell be in isabelline or brown, the Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit of seed milk yellow or rufous,
Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness 5cm, stirs daily 4 times, when degree to be cracked is up to 92%
Decladding sorts out diversiform-leaved poplar seed, and is further removed the impurity in the diversiform-leaved poplar seed sorted out with small-sized winnowing machine, makes diversiform-leaved poplar seed
Without pericarp and dust；
(2) seed treatment:
The diversiform-leaved poplar seed of selection full grains is put into container, and 55 DEG C of heat of -5 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight are added into container
Water stirs 20s, outwells hot water, and 3 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of seed-soaking liquid is then added into container, 50 DEG C at a temperature of soak
, there is crack to diversiform-leaved poplar seed coat and cracking rate reaches 70%, can pick up diversiform-leaved poplar seed and dry in bubble, spare；
(3) vernalization is handled:
A, reservoir is built: with brick interim pond out, the interim a height of 4m*4m*0.6m of pond length and width, with plastic film cloth
It is laid on interim basin bottom, while to surround the brick wall of surrounding, to prevent pond leak, after completing, puts clear water depth 0.4m；
B, Steeping and budding: will pour into interim pond by the diversiform-leaved poplar seed of step (2) processing, seed shakeout, every
3h stirring is primary, the 2nd day removal clear water, changes salting liquid, salting liquid depth 0.4m, and each ion concentration included in salting liquid is Mg2+16mmol/L、Ca 2+3mmol/L、Na+4mmol/L、K+5mmol/L、Cl–20mmol/L、HCO3 –6mmol/L；3rd day, the 4th
It, repeat within the 5th day to operate for the 1st day, the 2nd day, the 1st day respectively, wherein fishing goes to float on impurity and shrivelled kind above at any time
Son；
(4) nursery is handled:
A, selection environment is wet, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, it is fertile it is loose, soil layer is deep
Loam soil be nursery, ditching, ridging, the depth of ditch is 40cm relative to ridge top, and the gradient on the ridge is 40 °；
B, mu applies self-control fertilizer 200-300kg, and self-control fertilizer is made of following parts by weight ingredient: 35 parts by weight of rape cake,
40 parts by weight of chicken manure, alcohol poor 8 parts by weight, 5 parts of hexadecanol, 3 parts of methionine, 3 parts by weight of EDTA chelated iron, 14 weight of plant ash
Measure part, 6 parts by weight of wormcast, 18 parts by weight of bentonite, 13 parts of wood sawdust, 3 parts by weight of microelement；
C, mass concentration is used to carry out spray disinfectant processing to nursery for 6% 84 thimerosals before sowing；
(5) it sows:
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate to away from ditch along 5cm, when infiltration under moisture in ditch extremely away from bottom of trench 10cm when,
Carry out artificial seeding；When sowing by seed be sowed at ditch two sides away from ditch top 12cm at, sowing width be 8cm；After planting to seed
All germinations are irrigated 3 times；
(6) field management:
Daily rich water pouring and pest management are carried out to nursery after planting, can be transplanted after 1 year.
As priority scheme of the invention, seed-soaking liquid of the present invention is Gram nutrient solution suddenly.
As priority scheme of the invention, in step (3) vernalization processing of the present invention, temperature is 30 DEG C, illumination condition
It is dark for 12h illumination/12h.
Although the detailed description and description of the specific embodiments of the present invention are given above, it should be noted that
We can carry out various equivalent changes and modification to above embodiment according to the concept of the present invention, and generated function is made
It, should all be within protection scope of the present invention when with the spirit still covered without departing from specification.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seed collection:
Cai Shou Follicle radish shell is in isabelline or brown, the Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit of seed milk yellow or rufous, diversiform-leaved poplar during the 6-7 month
Follicle radish fruit is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness 1-5cm, stirs 2-4 times daily, and degree to be cracked reaches 86-92%
When decladding, sort out diversiform-leaved poplar seed；
(2) seed treatment:
The diversiform-leaved poplar seed of selection full grains is put into container, and 45-55 DEG C of heat of 3-5 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight is added into container
Water stirs 10-20s, outwells hot water, the seed-soaking liquid of 1-3 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight is then added into container, at 30-50 DEG C
At a temperature of impregnate, there is crack to diversiform-leaved poplar seed coat and cracking rate reach 70%, diversiform-leaved poplar seed can be picked up and be dried, it is standby
With；
(3) vernalization is handled:
A, it builds reservoir: being laid on brick interim pond, the interim a height of 4m*4m*0.6m of pond length and width out with plastic film cloth
Interim basin bottom, while the brick wall of surrounding is surrounded, to prevent pond leak, after completing, put clear water depth 0.4m；
B, Steeping and budding: it will pour into interim pond, seed shakeout, every 1-3h by the diversiform-leaved poplar seed of step (2) processing
Stirring is primary, the 2nd day removal clear water, changes salting liquid, salting liquid depth 0.4m, and each ion concentration included in salting liquid is Mg2+
12-16mmol/L、Ca2+ 1-3mmol/L、Na+ 2-4mmol/L、K+ 3-5mmol/L、Cl– 10-20mmol/L、HCO3 – 2-
6mmol/L；It repeats to operate for the 1st day, the 2nd day, the 1st day respectively within 3rd day, the 4th day, the 5th day, wherein fishing goes to float on above at any time
Impurity and shrivelled seed；
(4) nursery is handled:
A, environment is selected to moisten, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, fertile earth loose, soil layer is deep
Soil is nursery, and ditching, ridging, the depth of ditch is 30-40cm relative to ridge top, and the gradient on the ridge is 30-40 °；
B, mu applies self-control fertilizer 200-300kg, and self-control fertilizer is made of following parts by weight ingredient: rape cake 25-35 parts by weight, chicken
Excrement 30-40 parts by weight, alcohol grain 2-8 parts by weight, 1-5 parts of hexadecanol, 1-3 parts of methionine, EDTA chelated iron 1-3 parts by weight,
Plant ash 8-14 parts by weight, wormcast 2-6 parts by weight, bentonite 12-18 parts by weight, 11-13 parts of wood sawdust, microelement 1-3
Parts by weight；
C, mass concentration is used to carry out spray disinfectant processing to nursery for 84 thimerosals of 2-6% before sowing；
(5) it sows:
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate to away from ditch along 5cm, when infiltration under moisture in ditch extremely away from bottom of trench 6-10cm when, into
Row artificial seeding；When sowing by seed be sowed at ditch two sides away from ditch top 8-12cm at, sowing width be 6-8cm；After planting to kind
Sub all germinations, are irrigated 2-3 times；
(6) field management:
Daily rich water pouring and pest management are carried out to nursery after planting, can be transplanted after 1 year.
2. a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (1)
Seed collection:
Cai Shou Follicle radish shell is in isabelline or brown, the Hu Yang Follicle radish fruit of seed milk yellow or rufous, diversiform-leaved poplar during the 6-7 month
Follicle radish fruit is laid in flat ventilation with adopting with fortune, dries thickness 3cm, stirs daily 3 times, decladding when degree to be cracked is up to 90%,
Diversiform-leaved poplar seed is sorted out, and is further removed the impurity in the diversiform-leaved poplar seed sorted out with small-sized winnowing machine, diversiform-leaved poplar seed is made to have no result
Skin and dust.
3. a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (2)
Seed treatment:
The diversiform-leaved poplar seed of selection full grains is put into container, and 4 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of 50 DEG C of hot water are added into container, stir
Mix 15s, outwell hot water, 2 times of diversiform-leaved poplar seed weight of seed-soaking liquid is then added into container, 40 DEG C at a temperature of impregnate, to
There is crack in diversiform-leaved poplar seed coat and cracking rate reaches 70%, can pick up diversiform-leaved poplar seed and dry, spare.
4. a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the seed-soaking liquid is
Gram nutrient solution suddenly.
5. a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3)
In vernalization processing, each ion concentration included in salting liquid is Mg2+ 14mmol/L、Ca2+ 2mmol/L、Na+ 3mmol/L、K+
4mmol/L、Cl– 15mmol/L、HCO3 – 14mmol/L。
6. a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3)
In vernalization processing, temperature is 30 DEG C, and illumination condition is 12h illumination/12h dark.
7. a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (4)
Nursery processing:
A, environment is selected to moisten, saline and alkaline mass content≤0.3%, grogs diameter≤2mm, fertile earth loose, soil layer is deep
Soil is nursery, and ditching, ridging, the depth of ditch is 35cm relative to ridge top, and the gradient on the ridge is 35 °；
B, mu applies self-control fertilizer 250kg, and self-control fertilizer is made of following parts by weight ingredient: 30 parts by weight of rape cake, 35 weight of chicken manure
Measure part, alcohol poor 5 parts by weight, 3 parts of hexadecanol, 2 parts of methionine, 2 parts by weight of EDTA chelated iron, 11 parts by weight of plant ash, earthworm
4 parts by weight of earthworm excrement, 15 parts by weight of bentonite, 12 parts of wood sawdust, 2 parts by weight of microelement；
C, mass concentration is used to carry out spray disinfectant processing to nursery for 4% 84 thimerosals before sowing.
8. a kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving diversiform-leaved poplar survival rate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (5)
Sowing:
Sowing is irrigated for preceding 1 day, irrigate to away from ditch along 5cm, when being seeped under moisture in ditch extremely away from bottom of trench 8cm, progress
Artificial seeding；When sowing by seed be sowed at ditch two sides away from ditch top 10cm at, sowing width be 7cm；After planting to seed whole
Germination is irrigated 3 times.
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