CN109121771A - Hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system - Google Patents
Hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
A kind of hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system, is related to asexual multiplication seedling technical field, comprising the following steps: (1) before hemiplelea davidii germination, the annual healthy and strong branch of the maternal plant acquisition for selecting growing way excellent wipes out scolus；(2) branch is cut into the cuttings of 3~5 buds of band, 8~10cm of length, impregnates 30min in 50% 1000 times of carbendazol wettable powder liquid；(3) turf, vermiculite, perlite are mixed and is used as cutting medium, be packed into hole tray disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate；IBA800mg/L solution impregnates 30min as root-growing agent, cuttings base portion 3cm；(4) hole tray is punched, and cuttings cuttage is fixed, and 75% 1000 times of Bravo wettable powder liquid irrigates matrix；(5) it sprays water daily after cuttage 2~4 times, every 3d, alternately two kinds of fungicide are applied in leaching, temperature and humidity control degree, are transplanted after cuttage 60d；(6) 3d does not water before transplanting, and after transplanting fixed cuttings, flood is irrigated, and transplanting carried out Routine Management after 1 week.The present invention has fringe bar resourceful, and root-growing agent formulation environments are friendly, the high beneficial effect of rooting rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the asexual multiplication seedling technical fields in forest-science, and it is numerous to be related to a kind of xylophyta hardwood cutting
Educate method, and in particular to hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system.
Background technique
Hemiplelea davidii (Hemiptelea davidii (Hance) Planch.), alias pivot, nail branch elm are Ulmaceae (Ulmaceae)
Hemiplelea davidii category (Hemiptelea Planch.) rare rare tree, it is high up to 10m, it is distributed mainly on China and Korea.Its list category,
Single, fruit wing, cotyledon symmetry, pollen shape, chromosome number, seed oil fatty acid etc. and tool scolus etc., it is bright
It is aobvious to be different from Elm (Ulmus) and Zelkova (Zelkova), for the important transition monoid in the research of Ulmaceae phylogeny.
Hemiplelea davidii is light deep-rootedness tree species, and sprig is hard, has a quil, drought resisting, cold-resistant, barren-resistant, anti-blown sand, and adaptability is non-
Chang Qiang, sprout tillers ability are strong, and the service life is long, are pioneer's indigenous tree, the life of the northern area of China Difficult site vegetation restoration and reconstruction
Object fence ideal tree species, good to the comprehensive improvement effect of soil fertility, thorniness type and thorn-reduced can meet different function afforestation,
Maintain that there is positive facilitation in terms of local ecosystem function and bio-diversity conservation；It is also important simultaneously and uses material
Tree species, potted landscape tree species；And it has medical, edible value, general flavone and water extract concurrently and hyperlipidemia is made with prophylactic treatment
With, also have certain inhibiting effect to tumour, the thorn of hemiplelea davidii can develop to provide the new resources of flavone component and show significant anti-
Oxidation activity.For the development and utilization for accelerating hemiplelea davidii, many scholars carried out sexual hemiplelea davidii and pierre technology, planting technology and
Afforestation technology research.
Currently, hemiplelea davidii is mainly based on seminal propagation.Over more than 20 years, some scholars have carried out wild hemiplelea davidii seed successively
The researchs such as the influence and seeding and seedling raising of acquisition utilization (Sun Haipeng, 1992), different temperatures to hemiplelea davidii germination characteristic (hole wind,
2008；Cao Yu etc., 2016；Sun Haihong, 2016；Cao Yu, 2017), it tentatively solves to grow directly from seeds and breeds problem, but under natural conditions
It is lower (Chinese Plants will editorial board of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1998) that hemiplelea davidii pollen 70-80% abortion, fruit can educate rate, and plants
The easy devitalization of son, the processes such as seed collection, processing, sowing are cumbersome in addition, heavy workload, lead to seminal propagation low efficiency, and
And seedling exists compared with Big mutation rate, is unfavorable for keeping elite stand character.
In terms of hemiplelea davidii pierre, a small number of scholars explore the methods of grafting, tissue cultures and cutting propagation.As it is remaining its
Good engrafting method (Yu Qijia, 2016), the operating method is although ingenious, but needs by " dedicated cone drill bit ", " pencil
Tools such as plane ", then revolved and inserted with stainless steel lag screws, it is cumbersome, manually with tool etc. is at high cost, reproductive efficiency is low, be unfavorable for quickly
Plant modification；In addition, due to the defect of nursery technique, the stock of this anvil of hemiplelea davidii grafting lacks, and has quil, deposits with American elm etc.
Phenomena such as not affine is being grafted, the development of hemiplelea davidii engrafting method is being limited, is unable to satisfy the demand of hemiplelea davidii clone nursery stock.
Zhang Yujie has developed hemiplelea davidii tissue-cultured seedling subculture method (Zhang Yujie, 2017), but unresolved problem of taking root, nothing
Method moves towards Field information from laboratory；And tissue culture propagation method is utilized, is also limited by experiment condition and high cost.
The dream that hemiplelea davidii nursery stock is several generations forestry people is quickly bred using field nutrition organs.Before 35 years, Wang Mengqi report
Hemiplelea davidii root segment cutting plantation is up to 88%, but 1 year branch immersion cuttage survival rate only 24%.The cuttage of test for many years
Survival rate is hovered always at 18-30% (Sun Qin etc., 1990), and Sun Qin et al. thinks that barbed, the unsuitable nutrition of hemiplelea davidii branch is numerous
It grows.Ha Sengaowa etc. (Bao Hasengaowa etc., 2015) reports cottage method after stiff wood vernalization, and this method needs to acquire in winter
Branch (annotinous branch of diameter 0.6cm or more), be cut into 12-15cm and through wet towel package be placed on 0~-5 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers or
Cellar Sand culture 2 months, after the first tenday period of a month in May soak 1-2d cuttage in crop field, the later period need careful watering, fertilising, bud picking and
The work such as pruning.This method heavy workload, management cycle are long, and survival rate may be affected, and not refer to skewer in the document
It is inserted into motility rate.Yan Shulan etc. (Yan Shulan etc., 2012) has invented " root-growing agent for elm epicormic branch cutting ", the root-growing agent
It is made of according to a certain percentage indolebutyric acid, 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, boric acid, potassium permanganate, second alcohol and water.It is taken root using this
Hemiplelea davidii semi-lignified spray cuttings (the long 10- acquired before agent quickly dipped 1-2s 7 points of morning of processing or after at 17 points in evening
15cm dips depth 2-3cm), cuttings need straight snips suitable for reading, lower a kind of horse raised north of the Grean Wall ear simultaneously retain 6-8 blade, automatic in full exposure
Cuttage on the seedbed of intermittent spraying device, rooting rate are up to 92.8%-100%.But cutting medium is not known in the patent.
In addition, this is taken root, agent prescription, which contains, easily makes malicious class restricted type or toxicant, as potassium permanganate have strong oxidizing property, toxicity and
Explosion hazard, ordinary people are difficult to buy；2,4- dichlorphenoxyacetic acids also belong to noxious material, take in or after skin absorbs to body
It is harmful；Boric acid is usually used in industrial production, be easily damaged skin absorption cause to be poisoned, can occur symptom of digestive tract, dermatitis, baldness with
And hepatorenal damage；These substances are not only unfriendly to environment, but also harm to the human body is larger, purchase is difficult, it is difficult to universal to implement.
Li Jing also mentions Yan Shulan etc. in the literature and has invented hemiplelea davidii cuttage root-taking agent, takes root using the epicormic branch cutting of invention is dedicated
Agent, under the support of full sunshine and spray facility, cuttings, up to 98% or more, but has not seen bibliography through quickly dipped processing rooting rate.
No matter graft, vegetative propagation techniques research is very weak, case study on implementation is few for tissue cultures or cuttage etc., existing
Technology and formula are unable to satisfy summary, scale, environmentally friendly breeding demand；But correlative study trend shows thorn
Elm cutting propagation is current most promising, inexpensive raising technology, is badly in need of exploitation and establishes the relevant technologies system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system and solves the prior art using environmentally friendly formula
Middle cuttage technique is immature, fringe bar is insufficient, cuttage by time restriction in the morning, afternoon and evening, reproductive efficiency is low, planting percent is low, at high cost and not
The technical issues of conducive to batch production.
The invention is realized in this way the following steps are included:
(1) selection of kind item and pretreatment
Before hemiplelea davidii germination, the annual healthy and strong branch of the maternal plant acquisition for selecting growing way excellent wipes out scolus, rugosity is greater than 1cm
Branch base portion and branch less than 0.35cm；
(2) cuttings clip and processing
Step (1) pretreated branch is cut into the cuttings of 3~5 buds of band, 8~10cm of length, according to hole tray specification
By more root cutting fringe bundlings, it is placed in 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid and impregnates 30min progress sterilization processing；
(3) cutting medium and root-growing agent are prepared
By turf: vermiculite: perlite=30:10:1 mixing is used as cutting medium, is packed into hole tray and the Gao Meng with 800mg/L
Sour potassium solution disinfection；Root-growing agent is prepared, the root-growing agent is IBA800mg/L solution, the resulting cuttings base portion of processing step (2)
3cm impregnates 30min；
(4) cuttage
It is punched in the middle part of each cuttage position in hole tray, the cuttings that step (3) is handled well is put into hole, it is fixed, it uses
75% 1000 times of Bravo wettable powder liquid irrigates matrix；
(5) it is managed after cuttage
Spray water daily after cuttage 2~4 times, every 3d alternately leaching apply the sterilization of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid and
The sterilization of 75% 1000 times of Bravo wettable powder liquid；It opens sunshade net to shade, young leaves increases illumination after putting on display；
Keep warm indoor humidity 70% or more during cuttage, nocturnal temperature is not less than 10 DEG C, and day temperature is not higher than 28
℃；
3 Zhou Houke of cuttage sprays weekly 1 foliar fertilizer；
Cuttings starts to take root after cuttage 4 weeks, and cuttage 6 weeks whens are substantially all to take root, and can transplant after cuttage 60d；
(6) acclimatization and transplants
After cuttage 7 weeks, reduces irrigation times and watered once to every 3 days, pour apply nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 1 time weekly, in addition to fine
Outside the bright daily 10:00-15:00 opening sunshade net of hot weather is shaded, remaining time receives full exposure, and temperature control exists
28 DEG C or less, humid control 50% or more carry out hardening；
After cuttage 60d, portable cuttage seeding base portion, matrix is sufficiently combined with root system, can be transplanted, and 3d is not poured before transplanting
Water, after transplanting fixed cuttings, flood is irrigated, and sunny hot weather suitably shades, and transplanting carried out Routine Management after 1 week.
Embodiment as one preferred, cuttings in step (2) it is suitable for reading it is truncate, away from upper bud about 1cm, lower clip is cut into
Shape of a hoof angle, away from lower bud about 0.5cm.
Embodiment as one preferred, the hole depth 3cm, diameter 1cm that step (3) hole tray is beaten.
Embodiment as one preferred, foliar fertilizer used in step (5) is 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. fringe bar is resourceful, and before spring germination, annotinous branch can be used as cuttings；
2. cuttage not by time restriction, within one day can cuttage not by early, middle and late time restriction；3. using environmental-friendly formula；④
Environmental condition is easy to operate convenient for controlling, and takes root rapidly, and reproductive efficiency is high, and planting percent is high, is conducive to the factorial production；⑤
Cutting time is early, and growth of cuttage seedlings period length, increment are big, and outplanting qualification rate is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the hemiplelea davidii stiff wood cuttings bundling disinfection schematic diagram of embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the processing of hemiplelea davidii cuttings and the cuttage schematic diagram of Fig. 1；
Cuttage rooting schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is hemiplelea davidii cuttage 4 weeks of Fig. 1
Fig. 4 is the hemiplelea davidii cuttage seeding vigorous growth schematic diagram of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 be Fig. 4 hemiplelea davidii cuttage seeding hardening after transplant before status diagram；
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is the hemiplelea davidii cuttage seeding root system schematic diagram of Fig. 4；
Fig. 8 is embodiment hemiplelea davidii cuttage transplantation of seedlings process schematic；
Fig. 9 is embodiment transplant survival schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
A kind of hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system, includes the following steps:
Hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system, steps are as follows:
1 kind of item selection and pretreatment
Jinan, Shandong Province early March, before hemiplelea davidii germination, the annual healthy and strong branch of the maternal plant acquisition for selecting growing way excellent is cut
Except scolus, rugosity are greater than the branch base portion of 1cm and less than the branch of 0.35cm, obtain the branch of 0.35~1cm of diameter.
2 cuttings clips and processing
Refering to attached drawing 1, pretreated branch is cut into the cuttings of 3~5 buds of band, 8~10cm of length or so, in cuttings
It is mouthful truncate, away from upper bud about 1cm, lower clip is cut into shape of a hoof angle, away from lower bud about 0.5cm.Bundling when every 32 root cutting fringe, bundling number
Amount uses 32 hole hole trays, is placed in 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid and impregnates according to hole tray specification, the present embodiment
30min carries out sterilization processing.
3 cutting mediums and root-growing agent are prepared
Select turf: vermiculite: perlite=30:10:1 is packed into hole tray and the permanganic acid with 800mg/L as cutting medium
Potassium solution disinfection.Root-growing agent is prepared, the root-growing agent is IBA800mg/L solution, handles cuttings base portion 3cm, 30min.
4 cuttages
Making a call to a depth in the middle part of each cuttage position in hole tray is 3cm, and diameter is that the hole of 1cm will be located refering to attached drawing 2
The cuttings managed is put into the hole in hole tray, fixes cuttings, irrigates matrix with 75% Bravo wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid.
It is managed after 5 cuttages
It sprays water daily after cuttage 2~4 times, every 3d, alternately 1000 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 75,%00 are applied in leaching
The 1000 times of liquid sterilizations of the clear wettable powder of bacterium；It opens sunshade net to shade, young leaves suitably increases illumination after putting on display.
Keep warm indoor humidity 70% or more during cuttage, nocturnal temperature is not less than 10 DEG C, and day temperature is not higher than 28
℃。
3 Zhou Houke of cuttage sprays weekly the foliar fertilizers such as 1 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate/urea.
Refering to attached drawing 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, cuttings starts to take root after cuttage 4 weeks, and cuttage 6 weeks whens are substantially all to take root, skewer
It can be transplanted after inserting 60d, refering to attached drawing 5.
6 acclimatization and transplants
After cuttage 7 weeks, reduces irrigation times and watered once to every 3 days, pour apply nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 1 time weekly, in addition to fine
Outside the bright daily 10:00-15:00 opening sunshade net of hot weather is shaded, remaining time receives full exposure, and temperature control exists
28 DEG C or less, humid control 50% or more carry out hardening.
Refering to attached drawing 8, after cuttage 60d, portable cuttage seeding base portion, matrix is sufficiently combined with root system, can be transplanted, and is transplanted
Preceding 3d does not water, by cuttings together with matrix from hole tray out, transplanting is to double-colored flowerpot, double-colored flowerpot specification: mouth under upper bore *
Diameter * high=21*14.5*17cm, filling seedling medium are fixed or are moved into the planting pit in strong seedling cultivation garden, and topsoil is inserted,
After cuttings is fixed, flood is irrigated, and sunny hot weather suitably shades.The Routine Managements such as watered, applied fertilizer after transplanting 1 week.
Refering to attached drawing 9, by the hardening phase, cuttage seedling rooting, growth are vigorous, average cuttage survival rate up to 98.96% with
On.
Hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting optimum condition screening experiment
1 materials and methods
1.1 test sites and material
This test carries out in Shandong Province Forest Tree Plasm Resources center port ditch child care library (Jinan, Shandong Province) intelligent greenhouse, material
Pick up from port ditch child care library hemiplelea davidii resource conservation garden.Test material (Jinan, Shandong Province early March) selection growing way before germination is excellent
The annual healthy and strong branch of 2-3 breeder mother's strain acquisition, wipes out the branch base portion of scolus, rugosity greater than 1cm and the branch less than 0.35cm
The tip.
1.2 test method
Orthogonal Experiment and Design is carried out using SPSS19.0 software, cuttage processing is carried out according to orthogonal design scheme.
1.2.1 testing program
Test selects common hormone kind, hormone concentration, processing time and matrix four factors, and each factor selects 5
Level, using L25(56) orthogonal array.Each factor and level are shown in Table 1, and orthogonal test scheme is shown in Table 2.
1 experimental factor of table and level
Remarks: processing time horizon " 0 " represents quickly dipped 2s.
2 positive quadraturing design test scheme of table
1.2.2 Cutting test
1.2.2.1 matrix and hormone are prepared
1.2.2.1.1 substrate preparation
According to testing program, 5 kinds of matrix are proportionally prepared respectively, are packed into 32 hole hole trays, hole tray specification: the upper cave bore *
The deep bottom * diameter=6*5*3cm, and with the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate of 800mg/L.
1.2.2.1.2 hormone is prepared
According to testing program, 5 kinds of hormones and its concentration are prepared respectively, and encapsulation is stand-by.
1.2.2.2 cuttings clip and pretreatment
The branch of acquisition is cut into the cuttings of 3~5 buds of band, 8~10cm of length or so, cuttings it is suitable for reading it is truncate, away from upper bud
About 1cm, lower clip are cut into shape of a hoof angle, away from lower bud about 0.5cm.Bundling when every 32 root cutting fringe, being placed in 50% carbendazim can
30min is impregnated in 1000 times of liquid of wet powder carries out sterilization processing.
1.2.2.3 Cutting test
Cuttings after disinfection is handled respectively according to scheme, each test process is repeated 3 times, and cuttings that treated carries out skewer
It inserts.When cuttage, it is 3cm that a depth is first made a call in the middle part of cuttage position each in hole tray, and diameter is the hole of 1cm, by what is handled well
Cuttings is put into hole, fixes cuttings, irrigates matrix with 75% Bravo wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid.
1.2.2.4 being managed after cuttage
Spray water daily after cuttage 2~4 times, every 3d alternately leaching apply the sterilization of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid,
The sterilization of 75% 1000 times of Bravo wettable powder liquid；It opens sunshade net to shade, young leaves suitably increases illumination after putting on display.
Keep warm indoor humidity 70% or more during cuttage, nocturnal temperature is not less than 10 DEG C, and day temperature is not higher than 28
℃.3 Zhou Houke of cuttage alternately sprays weekly 1 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate/urea foliar fertilizer.Every 3d investigation one is secondary after cuttage
Root situation carries out survival rate investigation after 60d.
1.2.3 data processing
1.2.3.1 data survey method:
(1) the callus time: from cuttage to observed 1 cuttings occur number of days used in callus be the processing callus when
Between, cuttage next day is 1d, and every 3d investigation is primary.
(2) rootage duration: from cuttage to observed number of days used in 1 cuttage rooting be the processing rootage duration, cuttage
Next day is 1d, and every 3d investigation is primary.
(3) survival rate: the ratio of cuttings of taking root quantity and cuttings total quantity.
(4) callus rooting rate: only has the cuttings quantity that callus is taken root and the ratio for surviving cuttings total quantity.
(5) mix rooting rate: with callus take root with skin zone take root two kinds of rooting types cuttings quantity and survive cuttings
The ratio of total quantity.
(6) skin zone's rooting rate: only has the cuttings quantity that skin zone takes root and the ratio for surviving cuttings total quantity.
(7) it takes root item number: the quantity of cuttings clip and all main roots of skin zone.
(8) root long: the length of longest root in cuttings root system.
(9) stiff wood base portion rugosity: the rugosity at clip upper limb position under cuttings.
(10) branch length: the length of the longest branch base portion that hibernaculum issues to growing point is sent out.
(11) blade quantity: on branch raw all blade quantities.
1.2.3.2 each index weights
Required with the quality of cuttage seeding, this analysis of experiments and the best Cutting conditions of screening according to cutting survival using index and
Significance level is followed successively by survival rate, item number of taking root, root long, rootage duration, hair branch length, blade quantity and callus time.
1.2.3.2 measurement and analysis of data
DATA REASONING uses ruler and vernier caliper.
Data processing uses Excel 2013 and SPSS19.0 software.
1.3 cuttage results
It is up to 0.9896 that hemiplelea davidii the hardwood cutting experiment, which is shown in Table 3, No. 18 processing survival rates, is secondly No. 19
0.9688, No. 14 0.8229.Hair branch length up to No. 18, length 22.34cm, is secondly No. 19, No. 15, and length is respectively
16.94cm,15.63cm.Number of taking root it is most be No. 18, secondly 5.14 roots of number of averagely taking root are No. 19 4.11 roots, No. 24
3.92 item root.It is No. 25 10.72cm that root long is longest, is secondly No. 18 10.30cm, No. 13 9.83cm.Rootage duration is shortest
Average rootage duration for No. 9, No. 18, No. 19, three processing is 27d, is secondly 28d, No. 14 and No. 22 with No. 20 for No. 1
For 30d.Hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting take root with callus take root based on, have skin zone concurrently and take root, No. 22 reach with No. 12 processing skin zone rooting rates
To 0.6.In addition, refering to attached drawing 1 as it can be seen that survival rate and callus rooting rate, root long, tendency between item number, rootage duration of taking root
It is more consistent, it is away from each other with skin zone rooting rate；It sends out branch length and blade quantity tendency is almost the same, stiff wood base portion rugosity and callus
Time trend is close, skin zone's rooting rate with to mix rooting rate tendency more similar.
The screening of 1 hormone types of experimental example
Influence of the tetra- kinds of hormone types of ABT1, ABT2, GGR, NAA, IBA to every cuttage index is shown in Table 4, and k1 is in table 4
It with IBA is best hormone that ABT1, k2 ABT2, k3 GGR, k4 NAA, k5, which are IBA hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting, and ABT1 takes second place,
GGR, ABT2 are poor, and NAA is worst.IBA processing cuttings occur earliest callus, rootage duration are most short, main root quantity at most,
Root system longest, blade quantity are most, and survival rate and New shoot growth amount are only second to ABT1, difference very little.
The cuttings survival rate and New shoot growth amount of ABT1 processing are all larger than other hormones, and the callus time occurs in main root quantity
And rootage duration is only second to IBA, but it is smaller to root growth facilitation, root length is shorter.GGR is amino acid nutrient
Agent, can be obviously shortened rootage duration, promote branches and leaves and root growth, but its occur the callus time the latest, survival rate it is minimum and main
Root minimum number.ABT2 forms callus, root length and main root quantity have preferable facilitation, but at
Motility rate, rootage duration and shoot and leaf growth effect are smaller.Relative to other hormones, NAA is medium for survival rate facilitation, but right
It is weaker in callus formation, rootage duration, main root quantity, root length and shoot and leaf growth facilitation.
In addition, the cuttings mixing rooting rate and skin zone's rooting rate of IBA, GGR, ABT1 processing are relative to callus rooting rate accounting
It is lower, illustrate that it promotes skin zone's rootability weaker, and ABT2 mixes rooting rate and skin zone's rooting rate phase with the NAA cuttings handled
It is relatively high for callus rooting rate accounting, promote skin zone's rootability to be better than other 3 kinds of hormones.
Influence of 4 hormone types of table to every cuttage index
Note: Y:H:P=callus rooting rate: mixing rooting rate: skin zone's rooting rate, similarly hereinafter
The screening of 2 hormone concentration of experimental example
Hormone concentration the selection result is shown in Table 5, and the k1 in table 5 refers to 0mg/L, and k2 refers to 200mg/L, and k3 refers to 400mg/L,
K4 refers to 600mg/L, and k5 refers to 800mg/L.As shown in Table 5, hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting hormone concentration is best with 800mg/L,
600mg/L takes second place with 400mg/L, and 200mg/L is poor, and 0mg/L is worst.
There is callus earliest in the cuttings of 800mg/L processing, and survival rate, shoot and leaf growth amount and main root quantity are superior to it
Its concentration, rootage duration is only second to 600mg/L, root length is only second to 400mg/L, and difference is smaller.600mg/L and 400mg/
The cuttings of two kinds of concentration of L processing callus formed the time, survival rate, shoot and leaf growth amount and main root quantitative aspects difference compared with
It is small, have preferable facilitation, furthermore the cuttage rooting time of 600mg/L processing is most short, but root long is shorter；At 400mg/L
The cuttings root system longest of reason, but rootage duration is relatively long.Relative to other concentration, 200mg/L processing is for hemiplelea davidii stiff wood skewer
The facilitation for inserting indices is weaker, but survival rate, main root quantity and rootage duration are significantly better than control concentration 0mg/L.It is right
According to cuttings indices be worse than other concentration, illustrate that HORMONE TREATMENT can be obviously promoted hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting and take root.
In addition, 800mg/L and the cuttings skin zone that two kinds of concentration of 600mg/L is handled, which take root, takes root accounting relatively with mixing
Height is stronger to skin zone's facilitation of taking root；400mg/L processing mixing ratio of taking root is higher, but simple skin zone take root account for it is smaller,
It is on the whole suitable to skin zone's facilitation of taking root with 200mg/L, it is relatively small；The cuttings skin zone rooting rate of control is minimum, this
Reflect that HORMONE TREATMENT can promote skin zone and take root.
Influence of 5 hormone concentration of table to every cuttage index
Experimental example 3 handles time screening
Processing time screening experiment the results are shown in Table 6, k1, k2, k3, k4, k5 in table 6 respectively refer to for quickly dipped, 15min,
30min,45min,60min.As shown in Table 6, the hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting optimum HORMONE TREATMENT time is 30min or 45min,
15min takes second place with 60min, and quickly dipped effect is worst.
The cuttings survival rate of HORMONE TREATMENT 30min and 45min and rootage duration are superior to other processing times, between the two
Difference is smaller.The cuttings New shoot growth amount of 30min processing is maximum, blade quantity is slightly smaller than maximum value, but its callus is formed
Time and main root item number show general, root length and are less than other processing times；The cuttings main root quantity of 45min processing is more than it
Its processing time, callus formation time are more slightly longer than shortest time, but it is smaller to root system and shoot and leaf growth facilitation.15min
The cuttings root system longest of processing, blade quantity are at most, New shoot growth amount and main root quantity is slightly smaller than the optimization process time, but survives
Rate is significantly lower than 30min and two processing times of 45min, and its rootage duration is the latest.The cuttings root length of 60min processing is only
It is smaller inferior to 15min, difference, there is facilitation to callus, shortening rootage duration and main root quantity is formed, but its branches and leaves is raw
Long amount is smaller, survival rate is minimum.Quickly dipped processing callus occurs earliest, but shoot and leaf growth amount, survival rate, root length and life
The root time is relatively poor, and the cuttings main root minimum number of its processing, the general performance of indices are worst.
In addition, 45min processing skin zone's rooting rate highest, 30min processing mixing rooting rate highest, 15min processing mixing life
Root and skin zone's rooting rate are relatively high, this 3 processing times facilitate the generation that skin zone takes root；And quickly dipped and 60min is handled
Skin zone's rooting rate is lower, and the facilitation taken root to skin zone is relatively weak.
Table 6 handles influence of the time to every cuttage index
The screening of 4 cutting medium of experimental example
Cutting medium the selection result is shown in Table 7, and k1, k2, k3, k4, k5 in table 7 are respectively referred to for river sand, turf, vermiculite, grass
Charcoal: perlite=2:1, turf: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:0.1.As shown in Table 7, cutting medium is with turf: vermiculite: perlite
=3:1:0.1 mixed-matrix is best, and pure turf takes second place, turf: perlite=2:1 mixed-matrix, vermiculite are poor, and river sand is worst.
Turf: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:0.1 mixed-matrix main root quantity, root length, shoot and leaf growth amount are superior to it
Its matrix, survival rate is only second to peak, but its callus forms the time and rootage duration is longer.Pure turf matrix callus shape
At the time and rootage duration is most short, survival rate highest, and main root quantity and shoot and leaf growth amount are preferable, and root length is medium.Turf:
Perlite=2:1 mixed-matrix callus formation time is relatively early, root length is longer, and survival rate and main root quantity are medium, and branches and leaves are raw
It is long to measure lower, rootage duration longest.River sand is more early as cutting medium rootage duration, and callus time of occurrence is medium, but it is survived
Rate, main root quantity, root length, shoot and leaf growth amount are worst.
In addition, the cuttings mixing rooting rate and skin zone's rooting rate accounting highest, skin zone's rooting rate of river sand processing are obviously high
In callus rooting rate；Turf: perlite=2:1 mixed-matrix mixing rooting rate and skin zone's rooting rate are only second to river sand, but number
It is worth larger with river sand gap；Turf: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:0.1 mixed-matrix mixing rooting rate is medium, and skin zone's rooting rate is most
It is low；Vermiculite skin zone rooting rate is medium, and mixing rooting rate is minimum；Pure turf mixing rooting rate and skin zone's rooting rate are minimum values,
This shows that river sand is taken root as cutting medium most useful for hemiplelea davidii stiff wood skin zone, and turf: perlite=2:1 mixed-matrix is relatively conducive to skin
Portion takes root, turf: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:0.1 mixed-matrix and vermiculite skin zone situation of taking root are opposite medium, and pure turf is most
It is unfavorable for hemiplelea davidii stiff wood skin zone to take root.
Influence of 7 matrix type of table to every cuttage index
In summary 1-experimental example of experimental example 4, by the optimum condition analytical table 8-1 to 8-4 of hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting it is found that
Matrix type is the first of hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting survival rate, item number of taking root, root long, rootage duration, hair branch length and blade quantity
Influence factor, i.e., it is maximum to cuttage indices influence degree.
Hormone concentration is the first influence factor of callus time, be cuttage survival rate, item number of taking root, send out branch length second
Influence factor, is the third influence factor of root long, rootage duration and blade quantity, and combined influence is only second to matrix type.
Hormone types are the second influence factors of root long, callus time, rootage duration and blade quantity, are survival rate and life
The third influence factor of root item number, sends out the 4th influence factor of branch length, and combined influence comes third position.
The processing time is the third influence factor for sending out branch length and rootage duration, survival rate, take root item number, root long, callus
4th influence factor of time and blade quantity, smaller to cuttage indices influence degree, i.e., combined influence is most weak.
In conjunction with the above analysis result and comprehensively consider practical operation, we can filter out optimal cuttage group and be combined into
A5B5C3D5, i.e. IBA+800mg/L+ handle 30min+ turf: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:0.1 mixed-matrix.
The optimum condition of table 8-1 hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting is analyzed
The optimum condition of table 8-2 hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting is analyzed
The optimum condition of table 8-3 hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting is analyzed
The optimum condition of table 8-4 hemiplelea davidii hardwood cutting is analyzed
Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. fringe bar is resourceful, and before spring germination, annotinous branch can be used as cuttings；
2. cuttage not by time restriction, within one day can cuttage not by early, middle and late time restriction；3. using environmental-friendly formula；④
Environmental condition is easy to operate convenient for controlling, and takes root rapidly, and reproductive efficiency is high, and planting percent is high, is conducive to the factorial production；⑤
Cutting time is early, and growth of cuttage seedlings period length, increment are big, and outplanting qualification rate is high.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of kind item and pretreatment
Before hemiplelea davidii germination, the annual healthy and strong branch of the maternal plant acquisition for selecting growing way excellent wipes out scolus, rugosity is greater than the branch of 1cm
Base portion and the branch less than 0.35cm；
(2) cuttings clip and processing
Step (1) pretreated branch is cut into the cuttings of 3~5 buds of band, 8~10cm of length, it will be more according to hole tray specification
Root cutting fringe bundling is placed in 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid and impregnates 30min progress sterilization processing；
(3) cutting medium and root-growing agent are prepared
By turf: vermiculite: perlite=30:10:1 mixing is used as cutting medium, is packed into hole tray and the potassium permanganate with 800mg/L
Solution disinfection；Preparing root-growing agent, the root-growing agent is IBA800mg/L solution, the resulting cuttings base portion 3cm of processing step (2),
Impregnate 30min；
(4) cuttage
It is punched in the middle part of each cuttage position in hole tray, the cuttings that step (3) is handled well is put into hole, it is fixed, with 75,%00
Bacterium 1000 times of liquid of clear wettable powder irrigate matrix；
(5) it is managed after cuttage
It sprays water daily after cuttage 2~4 times, every 3d, alternately 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid sterilizations and 75% are applied in leaching
The 1000 times of liquid sterilizations of Bravo wettable powder；It opens sunshade net to shade, young leaves increases illumination after putting on display；
Keep warm indoor humidity 70% or more during cuttage, nocturnal temperature is not less than 10 DEG C, and day temperature is not higher than 28 DEG C；
3 Zhou Houke of cuttage sprays weekly 1 foliar fertilizer；
Cuttings starts to take root after cuttage 4 weeks, and cuttage 6 weeks whens are substantially all to take root, and can transplant after cuttage 60d；
(6) acclimatization and transplants
After cuttage 7 weeks, reduces irrigation times and watered once to every 3 days, pour apply nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 1 time weekly, in addition to sunny height
Outside the warm daily 10:00-15:00 opening sunshade net of weather is shaded, remaining time receives full exposure, and temperature is controlled at 28 DEG C
Below, humid control carries out hardening 50% or more；
After cuttage 60d, portable cuttage seeding base portion, matrix is sufficiently combined with root system, can be transplanted, and 3d does not water before transplanting, and is moved
After planting fixed cuttings, flood is irrigated, and sunny hot weather suitably shades, and transplanting carried out Routine Management after 1 week.
2. a kind of hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2)
Cuttings it is suitable for reading it is truncate, away from upper bud about 1cm, lower clip is cut into shape of a hoof angle, away from lower bud about 0.5cm.
3. a kind of hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step (3) hole tray
The hole depth 3cm, diameter 1cm beaten.
4. a kind of hemiplelea davidii stiff wood rapid cuttage mating system according to claim 1, described, which is characterized in that step
(5) foliar fertilizer used in is 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea.
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| CN112492993A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-16 | 泗县美丽园艺农民专业合作社 | Method for hard branch greenhouse cuttage of elms with straight rods |
| CN114402949A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-29 | 新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区林业技术推广服务中心 | Sea-buckthorn cuttage substrate and sea-buckthorn cuttage method |
| CN115380717A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-11-25 | 滨州市公用事业服务中心 | Container hardwood cutting seedling raising method for lagerstroemia indica red leaves |
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| CN114402949A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-29 | 新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区林业技术推广服务中心 | Sea-buckthorn cuttage substrate and sea-buckthorn cuttage method |
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