CN110150053A - Dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame and dragon fruit cultural method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame and dragon fruit cultural methods, it includes basin seat frame, column and support rod, basin seat frame includes collar, foundation ring, column, support leg, angular pole and mounting nut, column is set between collar and foundation ring, column first end is equipped with support leg, second end is equipped with angular pole, and mounting nut is set to angular pole second end；Column is set to inside basin seat frame, and first connecting rod is equipped among column, and second end is equipped with third connecting rod, and second connecting rod is equipped between first connecting rod and third connecting rod, and first connecting rod both ends and second connecting rod center are equipped with upright nut；And support rod includes draw money on credit strut and short support rod, strut of drawing money on credit is separately connected the upright nut and mounting nut in second connecting rod center, and short support rod is separately connected the upright nut and mounting nut at first connecting rod both ends.The present invention is not only practical and attractive, but also can dismantle installation freely, efficiently solves the technical problem of Nan Guobei kind dragon fruit greenhouse pot culture rack and panel construction.

Description

Dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame and dragon fruit cultural method

Technical field

The invention belongs to agriculture fruit tree cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame and Dragon fruit cultural method.

Background technique

Since the new century, the northern area of China starts Nan Guobei kind upsurge, gradually introduces the south torrid zone, sub- heat respectively Success is achieved in facility cultivations such as greenhouse, attached-greenhouses with each planting fruit-trees.Especially dragon fruit is deep by the joyous of consumer It meets, has become the preferred tree species of Nan Guobei kind.But it is most of mostly in greenhouse or based on the cultivation of attached-greenhouse ground, and In greenhouse or attached-greenhouse potting cultivation mode is less, to the research in terms of different basin types, tree-like cultivation management and pruning technique Seldom.Correlation technique data is consulted, dragon fruit potting posture data is also had been reported that, there are many disadvantages mostly, effect is paid no attention to Think.There is presently no the more effective potting rack and panel construction for solving dragon fruit and climbing ductility feature of plant, but frame take more columns, More support rod bondages are fixed, and effect is undesirable, and frame body is not secured enough, are swung to tree body inclination on one side, are moved and remove Bad basin along the problems such as.Especially sale roping nursery stock when, flowerpot is badly damaged, and frame body, tree body deformation, branch fractures etc. bad existing As directly restrict the development of dragon fruit potting cultivation technique.By dragon fruit potting cultivation practices in 5 years, constantly explore, base Originally warm indoor pot dragon fruit growth rhythm and habit of yielding positive results have been found out, in the premise without prejudice to dragon fruit growth rhythm Under, it gradually improves and carries out experimental study, have been achieved for significant effect, invent a kind of " the more basin types of dragon fruit, how tree-like basin Plant series matching cultivation technique ", provide feasible effective system specification perfect technical system for dragon fruit greenhouse production.

Summary of the invention

For above situation, the present invention provides a kind of energy detachable arviculture frame, the shortcomings that overcoming in the prior art, By design optimization cultivating stand structure, have devised it is a kind of it is light and handy, simple, firm, practical, economical, flexible, conveniently, beautiful, energy Freely, the novel flue fruit bowl consisted of three parts plants rack and panel construction, is highly susceptible to popularizing for enough disassembly installations, effectively solves The technical problem of Nan Guobei kind dragon fruit greenhouse pot culture rack and panel construction.

Energy detachable arviculture frame provided by the invention comprising double column basin seat framves, double columns and support rod, institute Stating double column basin seat framves includes collar, foundation ring, column, chassis, support leg, angular pole and mounting nut, the collar and foundation ring it Between be uniformly provided with multiple columns, the chassis is set to column first end, and the center of the chassis, foundation ring and collar be located at it is same On center line, the support leg is set to the first side of the first end of each column, and the angular pole is set to the second of each column End, the mounting nut be set to the angular pole second end, and the center line of the mounting nut inwardly meet at the collar with On the central axis of foundation ring；Double columns include column, first connecting rod, second connecting rod, upright nut and third connecting rod, institute Stating column has multiple, is symmetrically set in inside double column basin seat framves, and the plane where the column and two opposite seats Plane where frame nut is overlapped, and the first connecting rod is set to the centre of column, and the third connecting rod is set to the second end of column, The second connecting rod is set between the first connecting rod and third connecting rod, and the upright nut has multiple, is respectively symmetrically set to the The first end and second end of one connecting rod, set on the center of second connecting rod；And the support rod includes draw money on credit strut and short support Bar, described to draw money on credit strut and short support rod is equipped with multiple, the first end of the strut of drawing money on credit is connected in the second connecting rod On the upright nut of centre, second end connects first of the mounting nut and third nut, and the of the short support rod One end is separately connected the upright nut set on first connecting rod both ends, and second end connects second and the 4th of the mounting nut Nut.

Preferably, the supporting point of the first end of the support leg is respectively positioned in approximately the same plane, and the plane is located at chassis The first side.

Preferably, the chassis is set as cross frame structure.

Preferably, the distribution shape of the angular pole is outward radially.

Preferably, the strut of drawing money on credit includes first single folding hook, first single back hook and the first bar, and described first single folding hook is set In the first end of first bar, described first single back hook is set to the second end of first bar.

Further, the short support rod includes second single folding hook, the second two-fold hook and the second bar, described second single folding hook Set on the first end of second bar, the second two-fold hook is set to the second end of second bar.

Another energy detachable arviculture frame provided by the invention comprising Dan Lizhu basin seat frame, single column and branch Strut, the list column basin seat frame includes collar, foundation ring, column, chassis, support leg, angular pole and mounting nut, the collar and Multiple columns are uniformly provided between foundation ring, the chassis is set to column first end, and the centre bit of the chassis, foundation ring and collar In on same center line, the support leg is set to the first side of the first end of each column, and the angular pole has multiple, is set to top First side of circle, the mounting nut is set to the second end of the angular pole, and the center line of the mounting nut inwardly meets at institute It states on collar and the central axis of foundation ring；The list column includes column body and upright nut, and the column body is set to Dan Li Column basin seat frame center, and the column body is vertical with the plane where the chassis, the upright nut have it is multiple, be set to described in The first end of single column；And the support rod includes that third list folding hook, the two-fold hook of third and third bar, the third list roll over hook Set on the first end of the third bar, the two-fold hook of third is set to the second end of the third bar, and the third list folding hook connects Connect the upright nut, mounting nut described in the two-fold hook connects of third.

Preferably, the angular pole has multiple, at the trisection point of the collar, the upright nut have it is multiple, if At the trisection point on single column cylindrical surface.

The present invention also provides a kind of dragon fruit cultural methods comprising following steps:

Prepare before S1, plant:

1. the selection of cultivation tray:

Select the basin of large, medium and small different model as the cultivation tray of dragon fruit, and cultivation tray is placed on can detachable farming In object cultivating stand；

2. basin soil configures:

Select 0.4 side of topsoil, 0.4 side of cultivation residue, high-quality organic fertilizer 50kg, perlite 50kg, compound fertilizer 2kg mixes the above ingredient in proportion；

S2, pruning:

The mono- trunk bilayer shape of a: away from 3 branches of first layer are selected and remain at the 90cm of ground, selecting and remain 3 branches of the second layer at the 1.5m of top, As first branch, done and every layer of branch neighbour when upper layer and lower layer branch grows to 60cm or more, then in every layer of each base portion or center It nearby selects and remain a branch again respectively, and does two interlayers at center and stay a branch again every the distance of 20cm or so, it can be in two interlayers It is further added by 5-6 branch, as second batch branch, stablizes full branch item at 20 or so, branch length is controlled in 70-80cm, branch Even angle tilts down 45° angle；

After seedling planting, to select and remain and extend branch centered on upright strong branch, while timely inserted link bondage being wanted to draw center The heart is dry, and removes the dry extra young tender sprout in center at any time, with the tachyauxesis of sharp center branch, grows to 1m high to center branch When, 90cm is stayed, 10cm is tiltedly cut off, in case selecting and remain center branch and training 3 branches of first layer, tiltedly cuts and is conducive to top the first bud center branch The enhancing of growth potential, and form its underpart branch will not with central upper portion branch and compete, then grow to 1.6m up to 1.5m to center branch Locate straight snips, cut off 10cm, select and remain two layers of top, 3 branch, no longer Culture Center extends branch, and straight snips can make the growth of three branches in top Gesture reaches basic similar purpose, and center secateurs goes 10cm that can make to sprout more twig under clip；

B branch turns round branch angle of release: after the branch on center is dry is grown, when growing to 20cm or more, carrying out turning round branch angle of release degree, at this time It turns round branch shoot center vascular bundle and is in semi-lignified shape, it is rotated by 90 ° to branch base portion, torsion is threaded towards lower tension and compression and tilts 45 degree Angle, and upper layer and lower layer branch is made orderly rationally uniformly to take up space respectively, mutual plug hole it is raw；

C branch cuts control: when upper layer and lower layer branch grows to 70-80cm or more, secateurs strong to growth potential in advance goes to elder generation 5cm or so is held, its growth potential is controlled, shoot mass is enriched, may advantageously facilitate bud differentiation, and branch length is made to be maintained at 70- Between 80cm；

Culture, adjusting and the update of d branch: with the increase of tree body after forming, shoot is cultivated by stages and in groups, is stayed strong Branch, removes thin and delicate and extra twig, and gradually remove the old branch for losing bearing capacity, makes branch position in order, rationally occupy sky Between, relatively stable branch quantity has the available of space, 3-5cm is cut off when growing to 70cm to the branch of excessive growth that center is done, empty Between larger part can stay 10cm heavy pruning cut, one-to-two branch is trained 2 fruitful branches.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1, basin seat frame stability is strong, and basin bottom part area is larger, keeps its top-heavy after changing result, easily topples over rollover Phenomenon；

2, the distance for increasing lower support point enhances the stability of support degree and frame body；

3, the firm toughness of frame body is strong, and big basin, middle basin dragon fruit utilize double trunk shapes more, and frame takes double column framves Body, integrated connection property is strong, at upright supports point, is welded to connect crosspiece, enhances intensity and the bondage dragon fruit limb of frame body When the operability and effect mutually coordinated of supporting point, small basin tree body is small, mostly uses single trunk shape, column support is using single column support Body fully meets dragon fruit tree body bearing capacity；

4, support rod is designed as having contact with formula and top-pulling type, and upper nut is interted using formula is had contact in support rod top, and lower part is adopted Intert mounting nut with top-pulling type, it is simple and secured, keep its installing and dismounting efficient and convenient freely, it is integrally-built to enhance frame The robustness of flexibility and frame body.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is double column cultivation frame structural schematic diagrams of the invention；

Fig. 2 is double column basin seat frame structural schematic diagrams of the invention；

Fig. 3 is double pillar construction schematic diagrames of the invention；

Fig. 4 is single column cultivation frame structural schematic diagram of the invention；

Fig. 5 is single column basin seat frame structural schematic diagram of the invention；And

Fig. 6 is single pillar construction schematic diagram of the invention.

Specific embodiment

By the technology contents of the detailed present invention, structure feature, reach purpose and efficacy, below with reference to Figure of description It is described in detail.

The present invention provides a kind of energy detachable arviculture frame, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 comprising double column basin seat framves 1, Double columns 2 and support rod 3, double column basin seat framves 1 include collar 11, foundation ring 12, column 13, chassis 14, support leg 15, angular pole 16 With mounting nut 17, multiple columns 13 are uniformly provided between collar 11 and foundation ring 12, chassis 14 is set to 13 first end of column, and bottom The center of frame 14, foundation ring 12 and collar 11 is located on same center line, and support leg 15 is set to the first end of each column 13 First side, angular pole 16 are set to the second end of each column 13, and mounting nut 17 is set to the second end of angular pole 16, and mounting nut 17 Center line inwardly meet on the central axis of collar 11 and foundation ring 12；Double columns 2 include column 21, first connecting rod 22, the Two connecting rods 23, upright nut 24 and third connecting rod 25, column 21 have multiple, are symmetrically set in inside double column basin seat framves 1, and column Plane where the plane at the 21 places mounting nut 17 opposite with two is overlapped, and first connecting rod 22 is set to the centre of column 21, Third connecting rod 25 is set to the second end of column 21, and second connecting rod 23 is set between first connecting rod 22 and third connecting rod 25, column spiral shell Mother 24 have it is multiple, respectively symmetrically be set to first connecting rod 22 first end and second end, set on the center of second connecting rod 23；And branch Strut 3 includes drawing money on credit strut 31 and short support rod 32, draws money on credit strut 31 and short support rod 32 is equipped with multiple, strut 31 of drawing money on credit First end is connected on the upright nut 24 in 23 center of second connecting rod, and second end connects first and third of mounting nut 17 A nut, the first end of short support rod 32 are separately connected the upright nut 24 set on 22 both ends of first connecting rod, second end attachment base Second of frame nut 17 and the 4th nut.

The supporting point of the first end of support leg 15 is respectively positioned in approximately the same plane, and the plane is located at the first of chassis 14 Side；Chassis 14 is set as cross frame structure；The distribution shape of angular pole 16 is outward radially；Strut 31 of drawing money on credit includes first single folding The single back hook 312 of hook 311, first and the first bar 313, first single folding hook 311 are set to the first end of the first bar 313, first single back hook 312 are set to the second end of the first bar 313；Short support rod 32 includes second single folding hook 321, the second two-fold hook 322 and the second bar 323, second single folding hook 321 is set to the first end of the second bar 323, and the second two-fold hook 322 is set to the second end of the second bar 323.

As shown in figures 4-6, another energy detachable arviculture frame provided by the invention comprising Dan Lizhu basin seat Frame 4, Dan Lizhu 5 and support rod 6, Dan Lizhu basin seat frame 4 include collar 41, foundation ring 42, column 43, chassis 44, support leg 45, angle Bar 46 and mounting nut 47 are uniformly provided with multiple columns 43 between collar 41 and foundation ring 42, chassis 44 is set to 43 first end of column, And the center of chassis 44, foundation ring 42 and collar 41 is located on same center line, support leg 45 is set to the first of each column 43 First side at end, angular pole 46 have multiple, and set on the first side of collar 41, mounting nut 47 is set to the second end of angular pole 46, and seat The center line of frame nut 47 is inwardly met on collar 41 and the central axis of foundation ring 42；Single column 5 includes column body 51 and stands Column nut 52, column body 51 is set to single 4 center of column basin seat frame, and column body 51 is vertical with the plane where chassis 44, column Nut 52 have it is multiple, set on the first end of column body 51；And support rod 6 includes that third list rolls over hook 61, two-fold 62 and of hook of third Third bar 63, third list roll over the first end that hook 61 is set to third bar 63, and the two-fold hook 62 of third is set to the second end of third bar 63, the Three single folding hooks 61 connect upright nut 52, and the two-fold hook 62 of third connects mounting nut 47.Angular pole 46 have it is multiple, set on collar 41 At trisection point, upright nut 52 have it is multiple, at the trisection point on single 5 cylindrical surface of column.It is worth noting that in this Shen Please in, the arviculture frame of the arviculture frame of either single column or double columns all has identical design structure Think, by designing effective support of the column realization to crops at the middle part of basin seat frame.

Embodiment of the present invention may be selected as follows:

The present invention can design the dragon fruit cultivating stand of four kinds of specifications, four kinds of postures according to basin mouth outer side diameter and High low dimensional basic configuration is welded into the basin seat frame slightly larger than practical basin shape, and big basin takes double columns, and small basin takes single column Four support rods of formula frame body and big basin, three support bar groups of small basin at dragon fruit potting frame structure.

Double column basin seat framves 1 or single column basin seat frame 4 are by four columns 13,43 and collar 11,41, foundation ring 12,42 and Mounting nut 17,47 and four 15,45 groups of support leg column basin seat framves 1 in pairs or single column basin seat frame 4；Double column basin seat framves 1 or single column basin seat frame 4 it is high be respectively 37cm, 35cm, 30cm, 25cm, including support rod 3,6, do not include support leg 15,45 bottoms Portion overlength 1.5m；The diameter and perimeter of collar 11,41, size basin respectively are: 49cm and 154cm, 44.5cm and 141cm, 37cm and 116cm, 29.5cm and 92.6cm；The diameter and perimeter of foundation ring 12,42, size basin respectively are: 36.5cm and 115cm, 35.5cm and 111cm, 27cm and 85cm；Base diameter, size basin respectively are: 34.5cm, 33.5cm, 24.5cm,21.5cm；The distance of bottom to foundation ring 12,42, size basin are 8cm；Foundation ring 12,42 to collar 11,41 distance, Size basin respectively is: 20cm, 18.5cm, 16.5cm；The length of support leg 15,45, size basin are 8cm, are intended to compare basin The long 1.5cm in frame bottom.

Double columns 2 are set as 150 types and 120 types, respectively each column length 150cm, 120cm, and intermediate three transverse connecting rods are grown respectively 25cm,24cm；Single column 5 is set as 90 types, 70 types distinguish each long 90cm, 70cm.The connecting rod of double columns 2, from top to bottom 150 types, 120 types are respectively respectively away from upper end 10cm, 5cm；23,150 types of second connecting rod of double columns 2,120 types respectively away from first connecting rod 30cm, 25cm, while each 1, aperture 14mm nut is welded in second connecting rod intermediate parallel respectively.Double 2 third connecting rod of column, 25,150 types, 120 types are respectively 40cm, 30cm away from second connecting rod 23, weld each 2, aperture 8mm nut in 25 two sides of third connecting rod；Dan Li 90 type of pillar, 70 types distinguish each long 90cm, 70cm, each three holes of welding different direction at away from ground 70cm, 54cm respectively Each 3, diameter 8mm nut, connect 3 support rods 6.

Double columns are drawn money on credit 31,150 type of strut, each two of 120 types long 79cm, 63cm respectively, it is upper plus in straight crotch 2cm, Lower end adds interior straight crotch 1.5cm, then the top-pulling type hook solid of bent outward 3cm；Short 32,150 type of support rod, 120 types distinguish each length 35cm, 29.5cm, upper and lower ends crotch are identical as strut 31 of drawing money on credit.

Single 6,90 type of column support rod, each bar of 70 types each 3 of long 45cm, 33cm or so respectively, rising to the bait can curve to two The straight hook solid of side formula, lower crotch are identical as crotch under double columns.

For dragon fruit cultivation technique, specifically, embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

1) planting technique

1. the selection of cultivation tray

Select the basin of large, medium and small different model as the cultivation tray of dragon fruit, the face Qi Kou diameter be respectively 49.5cm, 44cm, 37cm, 23cm, height are respectively the flowerpot of tetra- kinds of specifications of 32cm, 29cm, 26cm, 17cm or so.

2. basin soil configures

Dragon fruit is strong to soil suitability, but with it is loose it is ventilative, drainage is good, moisture retention is strong, the soil rich in organic matter Preferably.0.4 side of general topsoil, 0.4 side of cultivation residue, 1 bag of high-quality organic fertilizer (50kg), 1 bag of perlite, compound fertilizer 2kg mixes the above ingredient in proportion.

2) pruning technique

Dragon fruit limb belongs to perennial meat tendril climbing fruit tree, and potting cultivation must stand the fixed limb of pillar bondage, lead to The pruning technique for crossing science, cultivates good tree structure, to achieve the purpose that high and stable yield.It is real through cultivations in several years It tramples, is suitable for that greenhouse pot culture cultivation tree structure has: first is that 15050 types, take single main double-deck shape, single trunk shape, double trunks double-deck Shape, double trunk shapes, three trunk shapes；Second is that 12045 types, take single trunk shape, double trunk bilayer shapes；Third is that 9023, list can be taken Trunk shape wears hair dishevelled shape；Fourth is that 7030 types, take single trunk shape.Its pruning technique is extremely simple, is conducive to cultivate various The tree structure and moulding of various kinds.

15050 cultivations are tree-like,

1. single trunk bilayer shape: A tree structure

Single trunk bilayer shape, sets high 1.5m, and center is dry upright long, away from selecting and remain 3 branches of first layer, top at the 90cm of ground 3 branches of the second layer are selected and remain at 1.5m, as first branch.When upper layer and lower layer branch grows to 60cm or more, then in every layer of each branch Base portion or center are done selects and remain a branch with every layer of branch adjacent place again respectively, and does two interlayers every the distance of 20cm or so at center A branch is stayed again, 5-6 branch can be further added by two interlayers, can be used as second batch branch, stablizes full branch item at 20 or so.Branch For the control of length in 70-80cm, branch even angle tilts down 45° angle.

B-tree shape culture

The center a is dry and the culture of branch, after seedling planting, to select and remain and extend branch centered on upright strong branch, simultaneously Wanting timely inserted link bondage to draw, center is dry, and removes the dry extra young tender sprout in center at any time, raw with the acceleration of sharp center branch It is long.When branch grows to 1m high when center, 90cm is stayed, 10cm is tiltedly cut off, in case selecting and remain center branch and training 3 branches of first layer.Tiltedly cut Conducive to the enhancing of top the first bud center branch growth gesture, and it form its underpart branch will not with central upper portion branch and compete, reach both Strong center branch is selected and remain, and cultivates ideal first layer branch effect.1.6m straight snips at 1.5m is grown to center branch again, is cut 10cm is removed, two layers of top, 3 branch are selected and remain, no longer Culture Center extends branch.Straight snips can make the growth potential of three branches in top reach base Purpose similar in this, center secateurs go 10cm that can make to sprout more twig (4-6) under clip, are conducive to increase branch amount and choosing Stay the leeway of 3 phase proximal branches.Generally cut it is heavier, under clip sprout branch amount it is more, the amount of cutting is lighter, under clip sprout branch amount It is fewer.After two layers of top branch is completed in culture, the distance on center is dry every 20cm or so be further cultured for selecting and remain 1 branch, Make 5-6 branch of the dry upper increase in center, and to be also further cultured for 1 branch at upper layer and lower layer branch base portion each, increases branch amount, fill Divide and utilize tree body space, while also to remove extra branch, controls its amount.After first result, it is further cultured for third batch branch 10 or so, and gradually update, stablize branch quantity.

B branch turns round branch angle of release, after the branch that center is done is grown, when growing to 20cm or more, can carry out turning round branch angle of release degree, Branch shoot center vascular bundle is turned round at this time and is in semi-lignified shape, it is rotated by 90 ° to branch base portion, torsion is threaded towards lower tension and compression and inclines Oblique 45 degree of angles, and upper layer and lower layer branch is made orderly rationally uniformly to take up space respectively, mutual plug hole it is raw.When shoot turns round branch Between, it is typically chosen fine day around noon, branch carries out when softening, and morning and evening shoot is more crisp, turns round the easy sliver of branch or twists off.Shoot is general When more than 30cm or more center vascular bundle enter lignifying shape or it is aging after, turn round that branch is difficult and easy kinking.

C branch cuts control, and when upper layer and lower layer branch grows to 70-80cm or more, secateurs strong to growth potential in advance goes to elder generation 5cm or so is held, its growth potential is controlled, shoot mass is enriched, may advantageously facilitate bud differentiation, and branch length is made to be maintained at 70- Between 80cm.For dragon fruit during pruning, shoot cuts the time, is desirable to selection fine day preferably, and wound air-dries fast, yin Rainy day air humidity is big, the generation of easy infection rot disease.After shoot is cut, apex grows second level branch, generally to remove.Positive reason Shoot growth is sturdy under condition is easy into flower as a result, its fruit is also big, but also can be at flower as a result, some branches can shape on center is dry At multiple buds (6-7), a branch can once bear fruit 2-3.

Culture, adjusting, the update of d branch will cultivate shoot with the increase of tree body after forming by stages and in groups, stay strong Branch, removes thin and delicate and extra twig, and gradually remove the old branch for losing bearing capacity, makes branch position in order, rationally occupy sky Between, relatively stable branch quantity.And make tree body remained fruitful branch, Cheng Huazhi, it is subsequent at flower fruitful branch.Also to dredge at any time Except the aerial root on limb, nutrient consumption is reduced.The branch of excessive growth that also remove rhizome portion sprouting simultaneously, the excessive growth that center is done Branch, there is the available of space, and 3-5cm is cut off when growing to 70cm, and space larger part can stay 10cm heavy pruning to cut, one-to-two branch, culture At 2 fruitful branches.In the weak aging of tree body, the branch of excessive growth that make full use of rhizome portion to grow is dry instead of center, removes old Weak branch is cultivated tree-like again.(other tree-like below, brief introduction tree structure, pruning art can refer to this pruning Technology).

2. single trunk shape: setting high 1.5m, start to stay branch away from pelvic surface of sacrum 15-20cm, center, which is done, stays one every 10cm or so Branch, top is done at center can stay two branches, first branch can stay 10-12.Second batch branch can be selected and remain in first opposite side, branch Length control is stablized in 70-80cm or so, full basin branch at 20-24 or so, and branch angle tilts down 45° angle.

The tree-like culture of single trunk: segmentation can be taken to cut and gentle put two methods.A, segmentation is cut: General Central extends When shoot grows to 40cm (away from pelvic surface of sacrum) or more, 3-5cm is tiltedly cut off, then when center branch grows to 80cm and 1.2m or more, it is oblique respectively 3-5cm is cut, allows center to do upper mitogenetic branch, straight snips removes 3-5cm when growing to 1.5m or more, reaches tree body height.Segmentation is cut, and is made Middle and lower part early stage mitogenetic branch is done at center, and every Duan Zhike stays 3-4 branch.Its growth is controlled when branch grows to 70cm or more, is trained Next group branch is supported, can be selected and remain in branch opposite side or branch base portion culture.Slow put of B is not cut: the tree-like culture of trunk shape, after field planting Reinforce rich water, allows its center is dry to extend growth always, when it grows to 1.5m, weight-reducing control water makes nursery stock suffer from drought and stops growing, Enrich branch nutrient accumulation and deposit.After a period of time, then reinforce rich water, can make from bottom to top to sprout on its trunk more small Twig selects and remain branch by tree structure respectively when twig grows to 3-5cm or so, and dredges extra branch, until shoot grows to It is required that when length, then water weight-reducing is controlled, into normal management, it is tree-like that ideal trunk can be trained.

3. double trunk bilayer shapes: the double trunk bilayer shapes of double strains, at a distance of 30cm in basin between two plants, equal vertical growth is done at center, High 1.5m (away from ground) is set, selects and remain two branches of every plant of first layer (away from ground) at 90cm, stays two again for every plant at the 1.5m of top Branch, can be used as first branch.Second batch branch is further cultured for selecting and remain two on trunk in every layer of each base portion or branch respectively Branch, while 4 branches are further cultured at the dry upper space in each center.Branch length control is stablized in 60-70cm or so, full basin branch At 24 or so, branch angle tilts down 45 degree of angles.

4. double trunk shapes: the double trunks of double strains, two plants of basins are interior at a distance of 30cm, and the dry vertical growth respectively in center sets high 1.5m, 1 branch is selected and remain respectively every 15-20cm on center is dry, and center does top and respectively selects and remain 2 branches, and two plants are stayed 15 branches or so altogether, makees For first branch.Second batch branch stays 15 or so again, and full basin branch is stablized at 30 or so, and branch length control is on the left side 70cm The right side, branch angle tilt down 45 degree of angles.

5. three trunk shapes: setting high 1.5m, three trunk of three plant of three trunk or single plant can be taken.Three trunk shapes can be away from pelvic surface of sacrum 15-20cm starts to stay branch, and the dry upper distance at a distance of 20cm in each center stays 1 branch, and top is done at center can stay 2 branches, and make 6-7 branch is stayed on each center is dry, as first branch.It is further cultured for 6-7 branch on each center of second batch branch is dry, makes full basin branch Item is stablized at 36 or so.In 60cm or so, branch angle tilts down 45 degree of angles for general branch length control.Single plant three is main Do tree-like culture；After seedling planting, when nursery stock grow to 20cm it is above when stay 10-15cm to cut, inspire branch, cultivate three trunks Shape.

12045 cultivations are tree-like,

1. single trunk shape: setting high 1.2m (away from ground), stay 1 every the distance of 10cm away from pelvic surface of sacrum 15-20cm, center Gan Ding End can stay 2 branches.First branch can stay 8, and second batch branch stays 8 again, and tree body branch is made to be maintained at 16 or so.Branch length In 60-70cm, branch angle tilts down 45 degree of angles for control.

2. double trunk shapes: setting high 1.2m (away from ground), stay 1 every the distance of 15cm away from pelvic surface of sacrum 15-20cm, make each master A 5-6 are stayed on dry.First branch of full basin stays 11 or so, and second batch branch stays 11 or so again, and full basin branch is made to be maintained at 22 It is a or so.Branch length is controlled in 60cm, and branch angle tilts down 45 degree of angles.

Small basin (37cm) cultivation is tree-like in 9037,

1. single trunk shape: setting high 90cm (away from ground), start to stay branch away from pelvic surface of sacrum 10cm, center is done every 10-15cm's Distance stays 1, and top can stay 2 branches.First branch stays 6-7, and second batch branch stays 6-7 branch again, is maintained at full basin branch 13 or so.Branch length is controlled in 60cm or so, and branch angle tilts down 45 degree of angles.

2. single trunk umbellate form: set on high 80cm (away from ground), branch it is raw do the range of top 20cm at center, like umbrella cover Shape tilts down 45 degree of angles.Branch can be selected and remain in two batches, and 5 branches of every batch of make tree body branch be maintained at 10 or so, branch length Control is in 60cm or so.Umbellate form culture allows its center to do tachyauxesis after field planting, straight snips is gone when it grows to 90cm or more 10cm promotes the bud eye of 20cm range under clip to sprout and selects and remain branch in batches.

7030 cultivations are tree-like, generally set high 70cm, take single trunk shape, on trunk raw 7-8 branch, branch length Control is in 50cm or so.

3) rack and panel construction

Ornamental type monomer rack and panel construction

Frame structure is respectively double columns of four kinds of 150*50 type, 120*45 type, 90*37 type, 70*30 type specifications and models And single column frame structure.Respectively by basin seat frame 1,4, column support 2,5 and support rod 3,6 three parts composition.Suitable for difference The dragon fruit potting support frame of size flowerpot, difference age of tree section, assembly and disassembly is flexible, square when seedlings and replacement basin after reaching surely Just, efficiently effect.

Basin seat frame 1,4 is the key position of frame structure, stands leg formula and basin outer foundation ring upwards from basin bottom part by four 12,42, the nut of aperture 8mm in four supporting point stakes on collar 11,41 and four side support legs 15,45 and collar 11,41 Basin mounting structures made of shape boxing connects.Four angular poles 16 are stayed on the difference of four kinds of basin mounting structures, 150 types, 120 type tops, 90 types, 70 types weld three angular poles 46, and 70 types only have a collar 41.

Column support can be divided into two types, double columns and single column.The double columns 2 of 150 types, 120 types are respectively by two Column 21, each long 150cm, 120cm and each three 25cm and 24cm long distinguish from top to bottom at 10cm, 40cm, 80cm and It is welded into simple double column frame bodies at 5cm, 25cm, 60cm, and to weld aperture 14mm among second connecting rod 23 respectively 1, nut type iron hoop, while being intended to weld each 2, nut type iron hoop of aperture 8mm in 21 column two sides of first connecting rod, be formed Double column frame bodies.90 types, 70 types are all made of single column frame body, respectively will three at 70cm, 55cm of single column 5 not The nut type iron hoop that 3 aperture 8mm are welded with orientation, connects three support rods 6.

Support rod: 150 types, 120 types respectively have two root long support rods 31 (79cm, 65cm) and two short support rod 32 respectively (35cm, 29.5cm), 3 upper end of support rod curve it is interior it is straight it is curved have contact with shape, be interspersed in column crosspiece intermediate nut shape iron hoop；Under End curves interior bending again to handle shape is folded outward in top-pulling type, is interspersed in connection basin mounting 1 in the mounting nut 17 of angular pole 16.90 Type, 70 types use three similar support rods 6 (45cm, 33cm or so) respectively, and upper crotch, which is curved, is outside one's consideration lateral bending shape with strut at 90 Have contact with formula, the crotch of lower crotch and 150 types, 120 type same shapes, 70 type support rods 6 can use 8# iron wire, form it into a heavily fortified point Real whole frame structure.

4) fertilizer and water management

1. it applies fertilizer, A fertilizer placement: outer every time to move until leaning on basin side generally away from seedling stem 15-20cm according to nursery stock size.Often It is secondary to dig two holes in symmetrical two different orientation, can by thing, north and south, southwest-northeast, the northwest southeast orientation order Fertilizer placement, continuous four times do not apply fertilizer repeatedly orientation and positions are exchanged in turn；B fertilizing method: it is adopted by above-mentioned position of orientation distance It takes to dig pit and impose, dig pitting 7-10cm depth with scuppit, bury hole in time after applying fertilizer.Fertilising of digging pit is conducive to improve fertilizer efficiency reduction Volatilization and extension absorption phase；C fertilizer application frequency and dose: top dressing is based on compound fertilizer.Spring peak of growing season is with compound fertilizer 50%+ Urea 50% imposes 1-2 times；Phase summer and autumn of yielding positive results are with compound fertilizer's 80%+ microelement 20% (potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sulfuric acid Each portion such as zinc, ferrous sulfate, calcium nitrate, borax, phosphorus, selenium) it mutually refers and synthesizes and mixes thoroughly, it imposes twice, the time of the year when autumn changes into winter is with compound fertilizer 50%+ potassium sulfate 50% mixes top dressing 1 time.And according to nursery stock size, temperature height and seedling growth gesture and nursery stock fertilizer requirement come Determine fertilization type and fertilizer application frequency.Generally every the chemical fertilizer of top dressing in 20-35 days, each general 20-50g of dose is (small Seedling Shaoshi, seedlings are applied more), once it is no more than 50g, " a small amount of multiple " is principle, sprinkles profoundly water in time after fertilising, promotees it and dissolve rapidly It decomposes.Organic fertilizer twice can be chased after within 1 year, each 300-500g takes to dissipate to apply and shallowly turn over.

2. watering, dragon fruit is drought-enduring plant, and watering will irrigate, see it is dry see it is wet, it is rather dry not wet.The easy excessive growth of excess moisture, It is unfavorable for the formation of nutrient accumulation and bud；Water shortage arid can make branch stop growing and bind, and increasing rich water again will form Second level branch and multiple grade branch.Dragon fruit water and fertilizer management cooperates pruning to carry out, and is increased according to Various Seasonal and different stages of growth Weight-reducing water is to adjust the relationship between growing and yielding positive results.Forming and shoot vegetative growth phase after field planting, it is ensured that rich water Abundance promotes Quick-forming；After forming and when shoot growth reaches requirement length, by controlling rich water, keeps basin soil slightly dry or locate In the state of suffering from drought, slow down its growth potential, branch color is shown as by light green color and becomes bottle green shape, is conducive to nutrient accumulation, is promoted It is formed into bud；It flower bud development and blooms the pollination stage, rich water wants sufficient, it is ensured that bloom and fruit maturation stage liquid manure needs.

5) regulation of temperature, humidity

Dragon fruit is adaptable, light-loving and shade-tolerating, heat-resisting drought-enduring, fertilizer favorite resistance to lean, under the bright and clear environment of warm and moist Growth is rapid.20-30 DEG C of optimum growth temperature, 20-26 DEG C of optimum temperature of yielding positive results.Temperature and humidity is that northern interior successfully plants Train one of key technology.

1. temperature, Temperature in Greenhouse is maintained at: 25-30 DEG C, 18-20 DEG C of evening of season in spring and autumn daytime；Summer day 30 DEG C or so, 22 DEG C at night；It is 20-25 DEG C of daytime in winter, 15 DEG C at night, minimum to be not less than 10 DEG C.Temperature in Greenhouse regulation, spring and summer Autumn can be by switching or adjusting greenhouse or more air port size；Winter covers cotton-wadded quilt at night or adds Heating system to improve room Interior temperature.Template activity sunshade net is built when summer temp is high in greenhouse, and according to temperature change, adjusts sunshade net at any time and reach Suitable temperature；Greenhouse film can also be removed, it is outdoor to manage or potting nursery stock is removed into outdoor management；To autumn by canopy film It covers or Potted orchard is moved back to warm Room management.

2. humidity, dragon fruit requires humidity smaller, and fine day humidity minimum on daytime is controlled 20% or so, is maintained at night 60-70%.Especially hot noon summer, it can also take water spray measure humidifying cooling in greenhouse.Through testing summer sunlight Qiang Shi, noon spray water warm 8-12 DEG C of room temperature reduction, and humidity improves 12-16%, and temperature, can after water spray by 52 DEG C before spraying water Drop to 32 DEG C, humidity is increased to 40% after water spray, it is existing that greenhouse summer high temperature low humidity can be effectively relieved by 22% before spraying water Shape.

6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control

Dragon fruit pest and disease damage is few, Major Diseases: brown spots or local necrosis and putrefactive phenomenon occur for a small number of branches, can be with When strike off scab decayed portion or wipe out disease branch, and carry out sprinkling prevention and treatment with 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl.

Major Pests: vulnerable to the harm of snail, prevention and treatment can be carried out with 1000 times of liquid of decis or manual removal eliminates.

7) artificial pollination

Dragon fruit majority kind self-sterility, it is necessary to take palmification could result.Its single flower is blooming peak period just It is worth midnight, is intended to bloom at night, 3 points of that afternoon starts floral organ and gradually expand, and start to split mouth to 5 buds tops.Colored week Phase wilts before 8 points to 10 points of the next morning at night, and duration 14 hours, pollinated Best Times evening 8:30-11:00, crosses early blossoming Powder is few.Gynoecium reaches outside corolla from flower basal ovary, and gynoecium is 3-4cm longer than stamen, at night can not without honeybee and insect Natural cross pollination.The villus of the most handy chicken of pollination, pollination brush is made in 5-10 root, by the pollen adhesive tape on a colored stamen to suede Mao Shang is put onto the gynoecium top of another flower.To ensure to pollinate successfully, taking multiple pollen, repeatedly mutually point is awarded, and effect is more It is good.Through test red meat kind illegitimate pollination fruiting rate only 40%.

Scheme provided by the present invention, not only lightly, simply, it is firm, practical, flexible, conveniently, it is beautiful, but also can tear open It unloads installation freely, is highly susceptible to popularizing, the technology for efficiently solving Nan Guobei kind dragon fruit greenhouse pot culture rack and panel construction is difficult Topic.

The above is the preferred embodiment of the application, is not limited the scope of protection of the present invention with this, it is noted that right For those skilled in the art, under the premise of not departing from this technology principle, can also make it is several improvement and Retouching, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as the protection scope of the application.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame, which is characterized in that it includes double column basin seat framves, double columns and support Bar,

Double column basin seat framves include collar, foundation ring, column, chassis, support leg, angular pole and mounting nut, the collar and Multiple columns are uniformly provided between foundation ring, the chassis is set to column first end, and the centre bit of the chassis, foundation ring and collar In on same center line, the support leg is set to the first side of the first end of each column, and the angular pole is set to each column Second end, the mounting nut is set to the second end of the angular pole, and the center line of the mounting nut inwardly meet at it is described On collar and the central axis of foundation ring；

Double columns include column, first connecting rod, second connecting rod, upright nut and third connecting rod, the column have it is multiple, it is right Claim to be set to inside double column basin seat framves, and plane of the plane where the column where with two opposite mounting nuts It is overlapped, the first connecting rod is set to the centre of column, and the third connecting rod is set to the second end of column, and the second connecting rod is set to Between the first connecting rod and third connecting rod, the upright nut have it is multiple, respectively symmetrically set on first connecting rod first end and Second end, set on the center of second connecting rod；And

The support rod includes drawing money on credit strut and short support rod, described to draw money on credit strut and short support rod is equipped with multiple, the length The first end of support rod is connected on the upright nut in the second connecting rod center, and second end connects the of the mounting nut One and third nut, the first end of the short support rod are separately connected the upright nut set on first connecting rod both ends, and second End connects second and the 4th nut of the mounting nut.

2. dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first of the support leg The supporting point at end is respectively positioned in approximately the same plane, and the plane is located at the first side of chassis.

3. dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the chassis is set For cross frame structure.

4. dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the angular pole Distribution shape is outward radially.

5. dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the strut of drawing money on credit includes First single folding hook, first single back hook and the first bar, described first single folding hook are set to the first end of first bar, and described first is single Back hook is set to the second end of first bar.

6. dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the short support rod includes Second single folding hook, the second two-fold hook and the second bar, described second single first end rolled over hook and be set to second bar, described second pair Roll over the second end that hook is set to second bar.

7. a kind of dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame, which is characterized in that it includes single column basin seat frame, single column and support Bar,

The list column basin seat frame includes collar, foundation ring, column, chassis, support leg, angular pole and mounting nut, the collar and Multiple columns are uniformly provided between foundation ring, the chassis is set to column first end, and the centre bit of the chassis, foundation ring and collar In on same center line, the support leg is set to the first side of the first end of each column, and the angular pole has multiple, is set to top First side of circle, the mounting nut is set to the second end of the angular pole, and the center line of the mounting nut inwardly meets at institute It states on collar and the central axis of foundation ring；

The list column includes column body and upright nut, and the column body is set to single column basin seat frame center, and the column Body is vertical with the plane where the chassis, the upright nut have it is multiple, set on the first end of single column；And

The support rod includes third list folding hook, the two-fold hook of third and third bar, and the third list folding hook is set to the third bar First end, the two-fold hook of third is set to the second end of the third bar, upright nut described in third list folding hook connects, Mounting nut described in the two-fold hook connects of third.

8. dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the angular pole have it is multiple, At the trisection point of the collar, the upright nut have it is multiple, at the trisection point on single column cylindrical surface.

9. a kind of dragon fruit cultural method based on dismountable more basin type dragon fruit frame described in claim 1, feature It is comprising following steps:

Prepare before S1, plant:

1. the selection of cultivation tray:

Select the basin of large, medium and small different model as the cultivation tray of dragon fruit, and cultivation tray is placed on can the cultivation of detachable crops It trains in frame；

2. basin soil configures:

0.4 side of topsoil is selected, 0.4 side of cultivation residue, high-quality organic fertilizer 50kg, perlite 50kg, compound fertilizer 2kg will The above ingredient mixes in proportion；

S2, pruning:

The mono- trunk bilayer shape of a: away from 3 branches of first layer are selected and remain at the 90cm of ground, selecting and remain 3 branches of the second layer at the 1.5m of top, as First branch is done and every layer of branch adjacent place when upper layer and lower layer branch grows to 60cm or more, then in every layer of each base portion or center It selects and remain a branch again respectively, and does two interlayers at center and stay a branch again every the distance of 20cm or so, can increase again in two interlayers Add 5-6 branch, as second batch branch, stablizes full branch item at 20 or so, branch length is controlled in 70-80cm, switch-horn Degree uniformly tilts down 45° angle；

It after seedling planting, to select and remain and extend branch centered on upright strong branch, while it is dry to want timely inserted link bondage to draw center, And the dry extra young tender sprout in center is removed at any time, it is stayed when center, branch grows to 1m high with the tachyauxesis of sharp center branch 90cm tiltedly cuts off 10cm, in case selecting and remain center branch and training 3 branches of first layer, tiltedly cuts and is conducive to top the first bud center branch growth The enhancing of gesture, and form its underpart branch will not with central upper portion branch and compete, then to center branch to grow to 1.6m flat up to 1.5m at It cuts, cuts off 10cm, select and remain two layers of top, 3 branch, no longer Culture Center extends branch, and straight snips can be such that the growth potential of three branches in top reaches To basic similar purpose, center secateurs goes 10cm that can make to sprout more twig under clip；

B branch turns round branch angle of release: after the branch on center is dry is grown, when growing to 20cm or more, carrying out turning round branch angle of release degree, turns round branch at this time Shoot center vascular bundle is in semi-lignified shape, it is rotated by 90 ° to branch base portion, torsion is threaded towards lower tension and compression and tilts 45 degree of angles i.e. Can, and upper layer and lower layer branch is made orderly rationally uniformly to take up space respectively, mutual plug hole it is raw；

C branch cuts control: when upper layer and lower layer branch grows to 70-80cm or more, secateurs strong to growth potential in advance removes apex 5cm Left and right, control its growth potential, enrich shoot mass, may advantageously facilitate bud differentiation, and make branch length be maintained at 70-80cm it Between；

Culture, adjusting and the update of d branch: with the increase of tree body after forming, cultivate shoot by stages and in groups, stay strong branch, Thin and delicate and extra twig is removed, and gradually removes the old branch for losing bearing capacity, branch position is made in order, rationally takes up space, Relatively stable branch quantity, it is dry to center on the branch of excessive growth, have the available of space, cut off 3-5cm when growing to 70cm, space compared with General goal can stay 10cm heavy pruning to cut, and one-to-two branch is trained 2 fruitful branches.