CN104642040B - A kind of cultivation of fruit tree method of result ahead of time - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of cultivation of fruit tree method of result ahead of time, selects the band branch seedlings after secondary nursery, two plants are transplanted side by side per plant pit east-west direction；Per two plants of cave sapling at a distance of 10 20cm, sapling is tiltedly planted, 120 ° of angle 60 ° between two plants, retain a side shoot respectively every 20 30cm on the outside of double trunks in shaping strip；Double plants of advantages are the competitive growth of ground upper and lower part and respectively in the ranks there is space region growing trend; fruit tree growing way is more healthy and strong; with the obvious advantage, this programme building well quality is high, and nursery stock is neat; tree hierarchy is clear; ventilation and penetrating light is good, and skeleton is few, and invalid branch is few; autophage is few; respiration consumption is few, and nutrient accumulation is more, and fruit color is good, quality better; it is easy to early high-yield and the high and stable yield in later stage; this method is tree-like simple simultaneously, and level is less, saves labor; and be easily mastered, it is particularly suitable for scale, intensive manufacture.

Description

A kind of cultivation of fruit tree method of result ahead of time

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation of fruit tree method of result ahead of time, specifically, it is related to a kind of rich for fruit tree early stage The cultural method of production, belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical field.

Background technology

At present, northern China fruit tree includes apple, pears, peach, apricot, cherry, Lee, hawthorn etc., and it is conventional tree-like including evacuation Shape, spindle, happy shape, Y-shaped etc. are layered, happy shape, Y-shaped are dereliction dry type, and evacuation is layered shape, spindle etc. to have master Dry type.Wherein Y-shaped is tree-like does high 30cm-50cm, and tree body only has the angle between two major branches, two major branches to be 45-60 °, and it is set Shape is simple, and ventilation and penetrating light is good, easily trimming, fruit tree quality better.

During the present invention is realized, inventor has found that prior art at least has the following disadvantages：Y-shaped is tree-like easily Splitting, tree vigo(u)r is difficult to control.And it is each it is tree-like be that plant pit transplants one plant of fruit tree, if there is individual plant death loss often It is larger.And the tree-like formation yield is slower, the first four years yield poorly after cultivation, and early stage benefit is low.Limit the tree-like application.

For this, also once someone tested plant pit and transplants two, to do sth. in advance result, but after tiltedly being planted due to two plants, the trunk back of the body Upper advantage is protruded, and it is serious to emit bar, and bar still can be constantly emitted after bud picking, forms some upright branches, Guang Changshu, and result, not tree-like It can not cultivate.Therefore practical application can not be promoted in producing.So far no one is applied successfully the method for one plant pit plant two.

The content of the invention

The problem to be solved in the present invention is not enough there is provided a kind of cultivation of fruit tree method of result ahead of time for more than, is overcome Pruning is complicated in the prior art, branch is easily cleaved, result late, it is laborious to take a lot of work, be unfavorable for machine guards against the shortcoming for being turned into industry, tool There is fruit tree resistance, such as drought resistance, diseases and insect pests resistance are strong, and seedling-slowing stage is short, and germination rate is high, fruiting period shifts to an earlier date 1-3, early stage production 1-4 times of amount increase.

To solve above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of cultivation of fruit tree method of result ahead of time, Characterized in that, select one, biennial fruit tree sapling to concentrate secondary nursery, cultivate with 6 with upper branch, high more than 120cm Healthy and strong seedlings, one plant pit of second step tiltedly plants two plants of seedlings, because existing 6 of seedlings are with upper branch, and heading height 100- 150cm（The usual heading height of Common Cultivation is 40-60cm）, and the systematicness for coordinating the technical program to propose is trimmed, cultivation pipe Reason method, Growth status gesture and nutrition are dispersed, and are converted into based on result, and result is done sth. in advance beneficial to fruit tree.

Two plants of fruit trees are transplanted per plant pit, North and South direction is as row to every cave transplants two plants, two plants of trees along east-west direction side by side It is required that tiltedly planting, 60 ° -120 ° of angle between two plants of trees, small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster or fruitful branch are uniformly cultivated in double trunk both sides after cultivation, and length is put Sagging result.To be more convenient tree-like culture, the tree-like advantage is more fully demonstrated, prevents back from emitting bar, annual sapling need to first pass through Secondary nursery, cultivation has branch seedlings.

This cultivation shaping methods are named as " secondary nursery double plant both arms methods " by the present invention, are exactly briefly per cave and are planted Two plants, every plant is stayed a trunk, and oblique sky in the ranks grows, with the double trunk angles of the double strains in cave, direction, growth potential uniformity, On double trunks directly raw small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster, length puts droop result.The current fruit tree sapling of China is one, biennial nothing point Branch sapling, needs first have branch seedlings through what secondary nursery cultivation meeted the requirements according to the technical program.Specific embodiment and step Suddenly it is exactly to select the biennial sapling of common fruit tree one first, concentrates secondary nursery nearby in proposed orchard region, cultivates more than 6 Branch, the high sturdy wounded in the battle seedlings of more than 120cm.

Further, nursery ploughs deeply 30cm, and mu applies 1500-3000 kilograms of decomposed manure, every mu of cultivation during secondary nursery 1500-3000 plants are planted, line-spacing 0.6-1.0m, spacing in the rows 0.25-0.5m in furrow, furrow is played, per the row of furrow 2, line-spacing 0.6-1.0m between furrow.

Further, one, biennial fruit tree sapling requires more than height 100cm, and branch enriches, well developed root system, without substantially Trimming tree root, cuts off and is completely cured, hinders root, excessively thick tree root, main root stays 20-30cm to trim before pest and disease damage, plantation.Stayed after field planting 80-100cm light prunings are done surely, and below 40cm sprouts sprouting and erased early.

Further, sprayed after the 6-benzyladenine pulvis alcohol of 99% content is dissolved when bud is sprouted by 30-100ppm Apply 1-2 times, promote branch.

Further, quarter bud measure can be taken subramose seeds and kind such as large cherry etc. if necessary, further thorn Swash branch, gently scratched above bud with small hacksaw when carving bud, wound one is carved every 3 buds.

Further, growth period applies quick-acting chemical fertilizer 3-5 times, is watered 3-8 times after germination.It is preceding using Qian Cuhou control-bureaus method Phase many fertilizing, waterings, later stage few fertilizing, watering, August part is watered once, stops watering after September part, and autumn promotes branch healthy and strong, i.e., 6 can be cultivated with upper branch, high more than 120cm and well developed root system, the more sturdy seedlings of fibrous root, it is dry crude up to 1.5cm with On.

Further, nursery with chemical fertilizer early stage based on nitrogenous fertilizer, the later stage based on nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, early stage mainly with urea, Ammonium nitrate etc., converts into every mu 10-30 kilograms every time, the later stage mainly converts into every mu of 10-20 public affairs every time with urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) etc. Jin.

Further, then autumn it is freeze-up before or next year thaw after late Febuary to mid-March（By taking the weather of Shandong as an example）, Lifting simultaneously prepares seedling planting.Spring ploughs deeply more than 30cm in plant region first, levels land.Root growth.Choosing is through two The band branch strong sprout of secondary nursery, spring and autumn digs plant pit, and two plants are transplanted per plant pit.It is required that the two plants of fruit tree rugosity transplanted per plant pit, It is highly substantially uniform consistent.Sapling can be classified, such as be divided into large, medium and small three-level.

Seeding row spacing 2-4m × 3-5m is transplanted with the seedlings field planting building well through secondary nursery, planting density is every cave 55-150 plants, 110-300 plants of seedling of mu.It is required that wide row more seedlings is colonized, line-spacing is more than 0.5-1.5 times of spacing in the rows, best 1 times.

Further, the band branch strong sprout through secondary nursery refers to select with 6 with upper branch, long branch 30cm with On, high more than 120cm sturdy seedlings.It is required that well developed root system, 0.5cm lateral roots more than 4, fibrous root is more, and capillary root is dense, does Thick reachable more than 1.5cm, without obvious pest and disease damage.

Further, it is desirable to which same day lifting, the same day has planted.

Further, Root growth requires that ridge is trapezoidal, high 20-60cm, the wide 40-120cm in top.The preceding soil of ridging is ploughed deeply 20-50cm, then dig field planting ditch, wide 50-120cm, deep 20-60cm.Cave inner bottom part uses decomposed manure, converts into every mu of 1000- 5000 kilograms, mixed thoroughly with soil, be placed in bottom.Water heavy real.Planting pit, the wide 20-60cm in cave, deep 20-500cm, long 20- are dug on ridge 60cm。

Further, during cultivation North and South direction as row to, transplanted side by side per two plants of cave east-west direction, will at a distance of 10-20cm Sapling is tiltedly planted, 60 ° -120 ° of angle between two plants.

Further, it is desirable to water, conserve in time after cultivation.First pass water wants flood to irrigate.And plug to draw and tie up bar and iron wire Bondage nursery stock, make and plant two seedlings growth angle be consistent, as necessary by draw branch, make two trunks from the ground 30 ° of angle- 60 °, double trunks are formed per cave.

Further, back bud is all erased after plant, retains 100-150cm light prunings and do surely.Double trunk 40-60cm with It is upper to start, branch is stayed below branch, shaping strip in the range of 40-60cm from the ground in shaping strip or sprouting is sprouted and removed.

Further, a side shoot is retained respectively every 20-30cm on the outside of double trunks in shaping strip, per side shoot 10-20cm Cutting back, cultivation results branch group, other branches are wiped out without exception, and especially back branch must be wiped out；

Further, trunk both sides growth young sprout reaches pinching in time, length during Tipping after 30-50cm after fruit tree germination To 20-40cm, cultivate as small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster.Back is sprouted young sprout and erased in time.Overstocked young sprout is removed in time.There is space place Interim branch can be stayed to let alone growth, tiltedly sagging growth is kept, the back of the body undershoot for having space also serves as long put of interim branch and do not cut.Prosperous branch exceedes Branch can be taken after 50cm, branch is smoothed out with the fingers or draws branch, makes it near horizontal.

Further, trunk extending head young sprout reaches 30-40cm pinching, continues to promote trunk top branch.

Further, 1 year winter only retained double trunk major branch extending heads the appropriate cutting backs of 30-50cm, remaining branch Based on long put, overstocked branch, competitive branch, the branch of excessive growth are all removed, and interim branch is progressively removed after 2 years, tree body base after 3 to five years This shaping.Double strains per cave are formed, double trunks tilt growth.According to the double trunk height of plant line-spacing difference control in 2.5- after shaping 4m, in the ranks trunk branch must not intersect.Trunk should use lateral bud or downward bud to make extending head after 2 years, trunk is progressively opened a business Angle, side shoot is based on small fruit-bearing shoot cluster or fruitful branch, and double trunks respectively retain small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster or 15-30, fruitful branch, and Based on the sagging result of long fruit branch, sprouted new buds using fruit branch base portion or fruit branch result in turn.

Further, after the best fruiting period note using interior thorax sprout sprouting and back branch cultivation results branch group, aging branch group and When retraction update.

Further, by the further oblique pull of tree body after sapling is planted, vertical bamboo pole, coating steel pipe, plastic tube etc., which draw, ties up or draws iron Silk, which draws, to be tied up, and backing material can be removed after fixation in 2 years or continues to retain, young sprout can wedge short wooden stake from ground, and plastic ties one end is fastened Firmly short wooden stake, one end bolt young sprout draws branch.

Further, fertilizer placement is below inclination dry and peripheral, with Shaoshi fertilizer between the tree of two plants of cave or does not apply fertilizer.Before plant Base manure is used sufficient based on decomposed manure, every mu of more than 2500kg, wherein plant pit inner bottom part spread fertilizer over the fields more than 2 kilograms per cave, with soil Mix thoroughly, remaining broadcast application is ploughed deeply in ridge, other rich water and Soil suppressiveness are applied according to a conventional method.

Further, the fruit tree sapling that the biennial nursery stock of common fruit tree one refers to market and can bought is one biennial Seedling, usually only bar, without branch.Select more than rugosity 0.5cm, height more than 0.8m, the healthy and strong sapling of well developed root system.

Further, organic composting fertilizer includes excrements of animals such as crop material, Chinese medicine slag, cattle and sheep chicken etc..

Further, ppm refers to contain 1 kilogram of 6- benzyl in the solution of solute concentration unit such as 1ppm i.e. 1,000,000 kilogram Adenine.The concentration for accounting for the part per million of complete soln quality with Solute mass to represent.6-benzyladenine is first molten with alcohol Solution.

The technical program first step first implements the secondary nursery of fruit tree, can not only improve fruit tree early yield, through secondary nursery Overground part branch is healthy and strong afterwards, and with branch, underground part well developed root system, especially fibrous root are more, hence it is evident that improve building well quality.And pass through seedling Wooden second selecting, orchard sapling is neat, survival rate more than 98%.Importantly, there is dispersible tree after the oblique cultivation of multiple branch saplings Body vegetative vigor, makes back be difficult to emit bar, run bar.And it is one of tree-like success key of the present invention to control back branch.

Strong sprout after secondary nursery is to have branch seedlings.So-called strong sprout refers to there are 6 branch above seedlings, and rugosity is minimum More than 1.5cm, more than height 120cm, well developed root system are healthy and strong, and fibrous root is more, and without obvious pest and disease damage, the seeds such as peach apricot have formed flower Bud.

Heading height 100-150cm in this programme is higher than conventional heading height（The usual heading height of Common Cultivation is 40- 60cm）.Have after the cultivation of branch seedlings, trunk is adjusted to after proper angle, both sides are grown into branch protects every 20-30cm from base portion Stay 10cm cutting backs.Back branch is all wiped out from base portion, and back branch base portion pumping sprouting is erased in time.

By branch be to be longer than 50cm young sprouts smooth out with the fingers it is flat take branch, be broken xylem, but constantly branch, shoot maturation can be promoted, controlled Make prosperous length.

After sapling is tiltedly planted, before the first two years result, back branch is easily sprouted, and rudiment need to be removed early, it is impossible to wait back young sprout Grow up and remove again.Two side shoots retain as far as possible after sprouting, in traction bondage to iron wire.The technical program uses secondary nursery, forms 6 It is individual with upper branch, it is exactly to have disperseed sapling vegetative vigor then to transplant the first purpose.Back branch is wiped out, retains two lateral branchings, nutrition Shifted to two lateral branchings, reduce back and emit bar, run bar chance.And transplant annual without branch seedling, usual back can largely emit bar, Or both sides branch vertical growth, it is difficult to control, the trimming control measures that plant there are branch seedlings in 2 years and coordinates this programme to propose This problem is then solved very well, but it is still one of the tree-like success key that back, which emits bar management,.

Trunk side shoot shapes early after sprouting for promotion, summer timely pinching, two or three secondary growth habit peaches, the apricot such as peach apricot Can continuously pinching.

Fertilizing method：Tilt and applied fertilizer below trunk, induction root system grows to side.Tree body top and the bottom be mutually it is corresponding, The flourishing position of root growth, corresponds to overground part also robust growth, and the branch of excessive growth is few, and the golden mean of the Confucian school is more into flowers and fruits branch.With between the tree of cave two Do not apply fertilizer, prevent two plants of tree root system excessive cross.

Two trunk angles are smaller after this programme plant, more uprightly.Trunk extending head progressively increases angle after 2 years, progressively Open a business, can make to extend first-class mode angle of release by lateral bud or the lower bud of the back of the body when winter cuts.Dryness fruit tree on the weak side is firm for increase limb Degree, can constantly take the lead trunk extending head, increase trunk bottom and top taperingness, trimming can be cut to base portion side shoot for the first time, Increase side shoot taperingness.

Double cultivation successful keys of both arms cultural method are that Long pruning mode must be used.Long pruning can seek tree body Support gesture to disperse, do things by following nature, nutrient growth is converted into reproductive growth, large result.So back will not emit bar, except extending head Or branch group needs to update outer, general not cutting back.Cutting back certainly will excessively cause back to emit bar, run branch, cause trunk infusion to waste, Consumption is a large amount of artificial.Tried one's best during trimming reservation both sides put down oblique branch, back of erasing early sprout young shoot, the back of the body undershoot result peak period it is latter As not retain.Progressively wiped out as interim branch.

Double cultivation both arms cultural method branch groups update the long shoot rotation result mode that uses, and the best fruiting period especially notices that branch group updates, By taking peach as an example, naturally drooped after peach long fruit branch result, promote base curve, some buds of base portion is possessed apical dominance, branch Bar, which is sprouted, turns into long shoot, and winter cuts off fruitful branch, stays rear portion long shoot to continue result, long fruit branch result in turn in formation.It is rich Scholar's apple has after the first annual bearing, and setting fruit position pumping fruit branch, with continuous bearing capacity, is tied in turn using fruit branch Really.

Also once someone tests plant pit and transplants two in the past, to do sth. in advance result, but after tiltedly being planted due to two plants, the trunk back of the body Upper advantage is protruded, and it is serious to emit bar, and bar still can be constantly emitted after bud picking, forms some upright branches, Guang Changshu, and result, not tree-like It can not cultivate.Can not practical application in production.

The plant pit that this programme is proposed transplants two plants, is divided into two steps, selects one, biennial fruit tree sapling to concentrate first secondary Nursery, cultivating has 6 with upper branch, high more than 120cm healthy and strong seedlings, and one plant pit of second step tiltedly plants two plants of seedlings, by In existing 6 of seedlings with upper branch, and heading height 100-150cm（The usual heading height of Common Cultivation is 40-60cm）, and match somebody with somebody Systematicness trimming, cultivation management method that the technical program is proposed are closed, Growth status gesture and nutrition are dispersed, and are converted into knot Based on fruit, back no longer emits bar, and result is done sth. in advance beneficial to fruit tree.It is a kind of brand-new cultivation mode.

The present invention uses above technical scheme, compared with prior art, with advantages below：

The technical program saves labor, and early yield is high, and fruit color is good, and simple to operate, it is easy to promote, this method is tree-like Culture easier than conventional method, and saving of labor 20%-40%.

Peach uses the annual production of this method second up to more than 1000kg, more than the 3rd annual production 2000kg, into Sheng fruit Phase；More than the annual production 1500kg of apricot the 3rd, into the best fruiting period；The 3rd year more than 1200kg of apple, enters the best fruiting period on the 4th year.

Using the technical program, mu plants one times more of quantity, because fruit nursery stock price general charged is relatively low, is commonly 1-20 members, Secondary nursery, though cost is doubled, plant can withdraw increased investment after 2 years.

The technical program is suitable for the northern cultivation of fruit tree of the stronger arbor of dryness, dungarunga class, including apple, pears, peach, The fruit trees such as apricot, hawthorn, cherry, but it is not limited only to these seeds.It is particularly suitable for appropriate planting culture.The tree-like tree management letter Single, branch time is few, and floor space is small, and line-spacing is more than 0.5-1.5 times of spacing in the rows, best one times.Therefore advocate the cultivation of wide row more seedlings.

The present invention has further the advantage that：

（1）Easily maintain and adjust with cave and plant trees tree vigo(u)r balance, during with weak tree occur in the tree of cave two, weak tree can be passed through Many fertilisings, few result, so as to make two plants of tree balance growths quickly.Wang Shu can be by spraying growth inhibitor auxiliary control growth. Per cave transplant one tree when, its major branch over growth or it is excessively weak when, be not easily controlled very much, prosperous branch needs the measures such as band girdle, girdling, Hinder tree body to be difficult to control again.

（2）Two plants of tree root systems are more flourishing, and root system total amount is big, absorb the gross area greatly, and because of double plants of biological competition effects, absorb Nutrient is more.After secondary nursery, well developed root system also improves fruit tree resistance, such as drought resistance, diseases and insect pests resistance.

（3）Two plants are transplanted per cave, one plant of death also has with another plant of cave continuation result.And one plant is transplanted per cave and death occurs Loss is larger.

（4）Double plants of peach competitiveness growths, make tree body early growth amount big, and due to the strong double strains of branch phototropism, it is natural Growth is in the ranks upheld to both sides, branch angle is more opened a business, the later stage is more beneficial for result.

（5）Early high-yield, fast result morning is molded per two plants of cave fruit tree, and seedlings accumulate enough nutrition, and has branch, is tied Fruiting period shifts to an earlier date 1-3, and early yield increases 1-4 times.

（6）By secondary nursery, enter one and be advanced by fruit tree fruiting period, can earlier recoup capital outlay, take effect as early as possible, simultaneously Land utilization ratio is also improved, has saved and has put forward ground resource.

（7）Fruit tree result needs sufficient sunlight, the especially strong fruit tree of the light such as peach, apricot property, and tree body is naturally to both sides Growth is in the ranks stretched in sunny place, is easily controlled tree vigo(u)r, tree body centre of tree open is good, surrounding well lighted, interior thorax well lighted, Branch group is difficult aging, maintains the result time long.

（8）One of cultivation of fruit tree good quality and high output measure is ventilation and penetrating light, and the technical program is tree-like simple clear, and only two is big Oblique raw major branch, back branch all removes, and invalid branch is few, is not in the light up and down, tree body centre and in the ranks light pass-through, fruit Paint, quality better.

（9）Seedling-slowing stage is short, and germination rate is high.Secondary nursery also significantly improves building well quality, and nursery stock is neat, survival rate Height, as a result early, growth is fast.

（10）Tree structure described in the technical program is simple.Trunk directly raw fruit-bearing shoot cluster, tree management level is few, Bough is few, and skeleton branch is few, and effective fruit branch is more, and tree body autophage is few, and respiration consumption is few, and the nutrition for result is more, therefore yield Height, quality better.

（11）The technical program saves labor, and tree-like simple clear layer, trunk, part side shoot are formed, fruit-bearing shoot cluster Form easy, trimming, harvesting are convenient, and row is unobstructed to operation, beneficial to do mechanization operation, management cost reduction.

Double plants of advantages are the competitive growth of ground upper and lower part and respectively in the ranks there is space region growing trend in a word, Fruit tree growing way is more healthy and strong, with the obvious advantage.And this method tree hierarchy is clear, ventilation and penetrating light is good, and skeleton is few, and invalid branch is few, Autophage is few, and respiration consumption is few, and nutrient accumulation is more, and fruit color is good, quality better, it is easy to which the high yield in early high-yield and later stage is steady Production.This method is tree-like simple simultaneously, and level is less, saves labor, and is easily mastered, and is particularly suitable for scale, intensive manufacture.

With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.

Embodiment

A kind of embodiment 1, cultivation of fruit tree method of result ahead of time, is illustrated by taking double cultivation both arms plant of peach as an example, Kind is Long Feng, specific as follows：

In March, 2008 selects the annual sapling of common peach, it is desirable to more than sapling rugosity 0.5cm, height 1.0-1.2m, root system It is flourishing healthy and strong, without obvious pest and disease damage.

In the secondary nursery of Weifang academy of agricultural sciences fruit tree base concentration, altogether 1000 plants of nursery, nursery deep ploughing 30cm, is dredged before nursery Mellow soil.Organic commercial fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields before ploughing and converts into 1000 kilograms every mu.Then furrow, the wide 120cm of furrow face, the wide 30cm in the furrow ridge are played. Line-spacing 100cm between line-spacing 60cm in every row of furrow 2, furrow, spacing in the rows 40cm, furrow.

Tree root is trimmed first before field planting, is cut off and is completely cured, hinders root, main root stays 20cm to trim.Retain 100cm light prunings after field planting to determine It is dry.Flood is filled after field planting immediately, righting nursery stock after water is dry, then pour once.

Below 40cm sprouts sprouting and erased early after nursery stock germination.

6-benzyladenine pulvis is first dissolved with 85% alcohol when bud starts to sprout, then sprayed 2 times by 40ppm, interval 10 My god, to promote branch.

Start within 20 days after germination fertilising, once, watered after fertilising within 30 days, every time with urea, convert into every mu of first time 10 public Jin, second 20 kilograms, seven, the August respectively apply a chemical fertilizer again, convert into every mu and apply 5 kilograms of urea, 5 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP).

Stop watering, applying fertilizer after September part.Autumn sapling stops investigating after length, and branch is healthy and strong, and 80% nursery stock branch is at 10 More than, dry crude more than 2cm, high more than 150cm play that after seedling is visible and well developed root system, and fibrous root is more and closely knit.

Then in base field planting, the spring in 2009 has first selected branch peach strong sprout, more than sapling rugosity 2.0cm, height More than 120cm is spent, well developed root system, peach seedling is substantially uniform consistent, and two-stage is divided into by size, 120 plants are selected altogether,.

Late Febuary digs plant pit, deep 60cm, each 60cm of length and width in our unit base.It is public using decomposed manure 3 per cave bottom Jin, is mixed thoroughly with soil.Seeding row spacing 2m × 4m, planting density 83（Cave）, every mu is converted into 166 plants of seedling, wherein per one plant of cave plant side 15 plants of method plantation one year seedling is used as control, the training of Y types.

Two plants are transplanted per plant pit, it is desirable to when per cave, plant peach is planted North and South direction as row to per two plants of cave east-west direction simultaneously Row's plant is at a distance of 15cm, 90 ° of angle between peach seedling is tiltedly planted into two plants.By tree body oblique pull, drawn with bamboo pole tie up with iron wire bondage, make Nursery stock angle is consistent, from the ground 45 ° of angle.

Back bud is all erased after plant, retains 100cm light prunings and does surely.Branch, shaping strip one are stayed in double trunk shaping strip As refer to below 40-60cm, shaping strip in the range of 40cm from the ground branch or sprout sprouting and remove.Trunk both sides are protected every 15cm A side shoot is stayed, per side shoot 20-30cm cutting backs, cultivation results branch group.Other branches are wiped out without exception, and especially back branch must be wiped out.

The trunk both sides growth timely pinching of young sprout, pinching when young sprout grows to 30-50cm after fruit tree germination.Back branch germination Erase in time afterwards.Overstocked young sprout is removed in time.The place for having space stays interim branch to let alone growth, keeps under tiltedly sagging growth, the back of the body Branch also serves as long put of interim branch and not cut.Prosperous branch makes it near horizontal more than that can take branch after 50cm, smooth out with the fingers branch or draw branch.

Trunk extending head young sprout reaches 40-50cm pinching, continues to promote trunk branch.

1 year winter only retained double trunk major branch extending heads the appropriate cutting backs of 30-50cm, remaining branch with it is long put for Main, overstocked branch, competitive branch, the branch of excessive growth are all removed, and interim branch are progressively removed after 2 years, tree body basic forming after 3 years.Formed Double strains per cave, double trunks tilt growth.Trunk should use lateral bud or downward bud to make extending head after 2 years, major branch is progressively increased Angle, side shoot is based on small fruit-bearing shoot cluster or fruitful branch, and per cave, double trunks retain small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster or fruitful branch 20-25 It is individual, and based on the sagging result of long fruit branch.

Peach result with using based on long shoot rotation result mode, the imperial Feng Tao best fruiting periods preferably middle long shoot result, therefore Using being naturally drooped after peach long fruit branch result, base curve is promoted to possess apical dominance, branch, which is sprouted, turns into long shoot, winter will Fruitful branch is cut off, stays rear portion long shoot to continue result, long fruit branch result in turn in formation.

After 2009 plant, equivalent 1580 kilograms of per mu yield result in 2010, fruit averagely weighs 142 grams, and full haw accounts for 72%；It is right According to equivalent 210 kilograms of per mu yield, fruit averagely weighs 105 grams, and full haw accounts for 70%；

2010 annual bearings are equivalent 3210 kilograms, and fruit averagely weighs 148 grams, and full haw accounts for 73%；The equivalent per mu yield result of control 1020 kilograms, 135 grams of mean fruit weight, full haw accounts for 72.5%.

2011 annual bearings are equivalent 3615 kilograms, and fruit averagely weighs 168 grams, and full haw accounts for 84%；The equivalent per mu yield result of control 2310 kilograms, 138 grams of mean fruit weight, full haw accounts for 74%.

2012 annual bearings are equivalent 3870 kilograms, and fruit averagely weighs 154 grams, and full haw accounts for 81%；The equivalent per mu yield result of control 2850 kilograms, 142 grams of mean fruit weight, full haw accounts for 78%.

The seeds such as cherry, Lee, apricot implantation methods and peach, similar, cherry tree vigo(u)r is strong, and orthostatic is strong, and summer pinching is once Or not pinching, note drawing branch and adjust branch angle, because kind is different, branch and the continuous length of side shoot are put 1-3 and could formed greatly Bud is measured, it is other similar.Cherry, lijin enter high yield period than peach, the late 1-2 of apricot, also sapling can be cultivated into renewal 1 year, shape Building well is colonized again after into bud, to prevent causing to waste and reducing benefit.In this patent protection domain.

Finally it should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still may be used To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic. Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention's Within protection domain.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of cultivation of fruit tree method of result ahead of time, it is characterised in that select one, biennial fruit tree sapling to concentrate secondary nursery, Cultivating has 6 with upper branch, high more than 120cm sturdy wounded in the battle seedlings；

Autumn or spring next year are preparing in plant fruit tree region or are nearby ploughing deeply site preparation then, and ridging, digging plant pit are selected through two Band branch seedlings after secondary nursery, two plants are transplanted per plant pit east-west direction side by side；

Per two plants of cave sapling at a distance of 10-20cm, sapling is tiltedly planted, 60 ° -120 ° of angle between two plants, sapling is plugged to draw and tied up after planting Bar and iron wire bondage nursery stock, tree body oblique pull is fixed, make and plant two seedlings growth angle be consistent, direction it is symmetrical, make two Trunk 30 ° -60 ° of angle from the ground；

Back bud is all erased after plant, retains 100-150cm and does surely；Select and remain branch in double trunk shaping strip, shaping strip with Under branch or sprout sprouting from the ground and remove without exception in the range of 40cm；

Retain a side shoot respectively every 20-30cm on the outside of double trunks in shaping strip, per side shoot 10-20cm cutting backs；

It is sprouted new-tip length and reaches pinching in time after 30-50cm, retains 20-40cm, cultivates as small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster；

Back is erased when sprouting young sprout, has space place to stay interim branch to let alone growth, keeps tiltedly sagging growth, has under the back of the body in space Branch also serves as long put of interim branch and not cut；

Prosperous branch makes it near horizontal, trunk extending head young sprout reaches that 30-50cm is plucked more than taking branch after 50cm, smoothing out with the fingers branch or drawing branch The heart, continues to promote branch；

1 year winter retained double trunk major branch extending heads 30-50cm light prunings, and remaining branch is overstocked branch, competing based on long put Strive branch, the branch of excessive growth all to remove, interim branch is progressively removed after 2 years, 1/1 to three/2nds interim branch, three are removed every year Tree body basic forming after to 5 years, maintains double trunks to tilt growth；

According to the double trunks height of plant line-spacing difference control in 2.5-4m after shaping, in the ranks trunk branch must not intersect；

Trunk should use lateral bud or downward bud to make extending head after 2 years, make trunk progressively spreading angle, side shoot is with small-sized fruitful branch Based on group or fruitful branch, each trunk respectively retains small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster or fruitful branch 15-30, and using the sagging result of long fruit branch as Main, fruit branch base portion sprouts new buds or fruit branch result in turn.

2. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nursery land for secondary nursery, which is applied, becomes thoroughly decomposed organic Fertile 1500-3000 kilograms, 6-benzyladenine pulvis 1-2 times of content 99% is sprayed during germination by 30-150ppm.

3. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be colonized building well seeding row spacing with the seedlings through secondary nursery 2-4m × 3-5m, 110-300 plants of seedling of mu；Line-spacing is more than 0.5-1.5 times of spacing in the rows.

4. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sapling fixes tree body oblique pull after planting, fertilizer placement It is below inclined trunk and peripheral, with Shaoshi fertilizer between the tree of two plants of cave or do not apply fertilizer；Base manure is used sufficient before plant, with decomposed manure Based on, every mu of more than 2500kg, other rich water and Soil suppressiveness are applied according to a conventional method.