CN1101496C - 用于增加杀虫剂处理过的织物的效力和耐洗性的方法和措施 - Google Patents

用于增加杀虫剂处理过的织物的效力和耐洗性的方法和措施 Download PDF

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CN1101496C
CN1101496C CN97102295A CN97102295A CN1101496C CN 1101496 C CN1101496 C CN 1101496C CN 97102295 A CN97102295 A CN 97102295A CN 97102295 A CN97102295 A CN 97102295A CN 1101496 C CN1101496 C CN 1101496C
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R·D·塞姆森
J·卢塞尔
J·M·米吉内
G·格特里弗
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于制成可洗涤衣服的织物的制造方法，更具体地说，涉及通过与聚合粘结剂和交联剂进行浸渍；或通过用聚合粘结剂和增稠剂进行表面涂布而将杀虫剂如苄氯菊酯置于织物中，从而改善作为驱虫剂的驱虫效力和对衣服连续洗涤后作为有效杀虫剂在织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。

Description

用于增加杀虫剂处理过的织物的效力和耐洗性的方法和措施
    发明领域
本发明涉及对要制成服装的可洗涤织物的后处理。更具体地说，本发明涉及，借助增加通过连续洗涤的织物中杀虫剂杀虫效力和留着率的方法，用杀虫剂如苄氯菊酯对这种织物的后处理。
    发明背景
苄氯菊酯是一种对昆虫具有排斥，以及击倒和杀灭活性的合成的拟除虫菊酯。拟除虫菊酯，不仅包括天然存在的化合物而且包括它们的合成制备的类似物，能有效地控制许多害虫，如壁虱，蟑螂，家蝇，蚊子，黑蝇，跳蚤，和其它飞行或爬行昆虫。拟除虫菊酯对植物，食品，动物或人类无害，而且不会留下任何有害剩余物。
尽管具有如此之多的有益特征，但是，由于其相对短的有效杀虫活性，因此，一直限制着苄氯菊酯的广泛使用。这是由于在氧和紫外光的存在下，苄氯菊酯分解成非活性的，无杀虫性的产物所致。
US5,198,287披露了一种包含杀虫剂苄氯菊酯，且带有防火和阻燃性的涂层的帐逢织物。该专利指出，将苄氯菊酯置于帐篷内表面的涂层中能使苄氯菊酯受帐逢织物和外表面涂层的遮避而不受氧和紫外光的影响，由此提供苄氯菊酯大于六个月的有效寿命。
中国专利CN93109570.0指出，通过在苄氯菊酯上设置阻挡层，以保护苄氯菊酯免遭紫外光和氧的降解，可将苄氯菊酯保存在驱虫织物中。
在可洗涤衣服中将苄氯菊酯用作驱虫剂的另一个问题是，通过连续的洗涤循环，要将苄氯菊酯保留在可洗涤的衣服中。
US5,089,298提供了一种通过连续的洗涤循环在衣服中保留苄氯菊酯这个问题的解决办法。该专利指出，通过多次洗涤循环，苄氯菊酯仍将保留在用苄氯菊酯和支链淀粉(一种水溶性形式的淀粉)浸渍的衣服中，其洗涤次数比只用苄氯菊酯处理的衣服的耐洗次数要多得多。
中国专利CN96106001.8指出，织物中苄氯菊酯的起始浓度为1.25克/平方米织物时，将足以驱散昆虫，同时还指出，添加聚醋酸乙烯酯作为苄氯菊酯分散体用的粘结剂，在保持苄氯菊酯有效性的同时，该织物的洗涤次数将比用支链淀粉的US5,089,298的织物的洗涤次数多。
申请人一直致力于研究苄氯菊酯在驱散蚊子和其它昆虫方面的有效用途，而且，申请人业已发现，聚合物粘结剂(而不是中国专利申请CN96106001.8中所披露的聚醋酸乙烯酯)在延长苄氯菊酯耐久性上是有效的。另外，申请人还发现了一种将苄氯菊酯施加至织物上的方法，该方法能有效地增加驱虫性能并能在对处理过的织物进行重复洗涤后保持苄氯菊酯有效性。
        发明概要
中国专利CN96106001.8指出，通过首先用聚醋酸乙烯酯浸渍织物，然后在第二罐中用苄氯菊酯分散体浸渍织物而将聚醋酸乙烯酯添加至苄氯菊酯中，提供织物中起始浓度约1.25克/平方米织物，该浓度足以驱散昆虫。
现在，申请人已了解通过在单一罐中的浸渍而将苄氯菊酯分散体和有效的聚合粘结剂有效地施加至织物中。
申请人还发现，可将苄氯菊酯只施加至织物一面上的涂层中而将其有效地施加至织物中。本发明的两个实施方案如下：(1)用苄氯菊酸浸渍织物，(2)用苄氯菊酯只对织物的一面进行表面涂布。
在第一实施方案中，用常用的方法对要制成可洗涤衣服的织物进行染色和整理，然后用合适的聚合粘结剂和苄氯菊酯分散体，以及有时有的交联剂进行浸渍。在第二实施方案中，用杀虫剂和增稠剂，以及有时有的合适的聚合粘结剂(有或没有交联剂)对所需织物的仅一面进行表面涂布。
       附图的简要说明
图1是通过用苄氯菊酯分散体和聚合粘结剂浸渍织物而用苄氯菊酯进行处理的织物的透视图；
图1A是沿图1中线1A-1A截取的放大的截面图；
图2是通过用苄氯菊酯分散体和聚合粘结剂对织物的一面进行表面涂布而用苄氯菊酯进行处理的织物的透视图；
图2A是沿图2中线2A-2A截取的放大的截面图；
图3和4是说明在测定苄氯菊酯作为驱虫剂的有效性时所用的装置和方法的透视图。
        发明的详细说明
本发明所用的织物或基布可以是任何希望的种类。例如，该织物可以是平纹组织的聚酯织物或适于制做衣服的65/35聚酯和棉的混纺纱。另外(但不是唯一的)，该织物可用作由100％防裂棉或50％尼龙和50％棉制成的军用制服。
使用在所选织物中提供约1.25克苄氯菊酯/平方米的苄氯菊酯分散体，以显示聚合粘结剂的有效性；并将交联剂用作增效剂，以延长可洗涤织物中苄氯菊酯的留着。
添加的苄氯菊酯的恰当用量取决于所处理织物的种类。不同的织物吸收不同量的苄氯菊酯分散体。通过顺序的试验测定苄氯菊酯的恰当用量，以发现提供在所选织物中的起始浓度约1,25克苄氯菊酯/平方米的所需的苄氯菊酯量。业已发现提供有效杀虫性能和/或驱虫性能的起始浓度。
     第一实施方案-浸渍图1和1A说明用包含苄氯菊酯分散体和聚合粘结剂的溶液浸渍过的织物10。在图1A中，苄氯菊酯和聚合粘结剂用点11表示。如图1A的横截面图中所示，点11在整个织物10中分布。当借助在仅含苄氯菊酯的浴中浸渍织物而将苄氯菊酯施加至织物上时，苄氯菊酯同样在整个织物中分布。
用若干种溶液浸渍织物，每种溶液含有相同的苄氯菊酯分散体和相同百分比的不同的聚合粘结剂和/或交联剂。然后，对处理过的织物进行日常洗涤，并测量织物中保留的苄氯菊酯的百分比，以便比较织物中用于留着苄氯菊酯的粘结剂的有效性。
        用苄氯菊酯对织物进行浸渍的实施例
                实施例I
实施例I是实施例I-A与实施例I-B的对比，以测定在处理过的织物进行一次洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例I-A仅用苄氯菊酯浸渍织物。
实施例I-B用苄氯菊酯和丙烯酸类粘结剂浸渍织物。
在第一实施例中，织物基布是65/35棉/聚酯混纺布。
在实施例I-A中，织物用苄氯菊酯分散体浸渍织物。
在实施例I-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体对织物进行浸渍，并用用作粘结剂的每加仑含10盎司丙烯酸类共聚物的溶液浸渍。
        实施例I中苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例I-A，5次日常洗涤后为30.8％；10次日常洗涤后为11.9％。
实施例I-B，5次日常洗涤后为58.8％；10次日常洗涤后为47.1％。
对实施例1的评定：添加丙烯酸类粘结剂，在洗涤织物后改善了苄氯菊酯的留着剂。
        实施例II
实施例II是实施例II-A与实施例II-B的对比，以测定在处理过的织物经5次洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例II-A，用苄氯菊酯和聚醋酸乙烯酯浸渍织物。
实施例II-B，用苄氯菊酯和丙烯酸类  物质浸渍织物。
在第二实施例中，织物基布是65/35棉/聚酯混纺布。
在实施例II-A中，用苄氯菊酯分散体对织物进行浸渍，并用用作粘结剂的每加仑含10盎司聚醋酸乙烯酯的溶液浸渍织物。
在实施例II-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体对织物进行浸渍，并用用作粘结剂的每加仑含10盎司丙烯酸类共聚物的溶液浸渍。
         实施例II中苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例II-A，5次日常洗涤后为37.0％；
实施例II-B，5次日常洗涤后为58.8％；
对实施例II的评定：使用丙烯酸类粘结剂比使用聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂具有更好的洗涤耐久性。
         实施例III
实施例III是实施例III-A与实施例III-B的对比，以测定在处理过的织物经5次洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例III-A，用苄氯菊酯和聚醋酸乙烯酯浸渍织物。
实施例III-B，用苄氯菊酯，聚醋酸乙烯酯和交联剂浸渍织物。
在第三实施例中，织物基布是65/35棉/聚酯混纺布。
在实施例III-A中，用苄氯菊酯分散体对织物进行浸渍，并用用作交联剂的每加仑含10盎司聚醋酸乙烯酯的溶液浸渍织物。
在实施例III-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体对织物进行浸渍，并用用作粘结剂的每加仑含10盎司聚醋酸乙烯酯的溶液浸渍，以及用用作交联剂的每加仑0.5盎司甲基化蜜胺树脂浸渍。
          实施例III中苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例III-A，5次日常洗涤后为37.0％；
实施例III-B，5次日常洗涤后为54.2％；
对实施例III的评定：使用聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂和交联剂比只使用聚醋酸乙烯酯具有更好的洗涤耐久性。
          第二实施方案-表面涂布
图2和2A说明用包含苄氯菊酯分散体，聚合粘结剂和增稠剂的溶液进行表面涂布过的织物20。在图2A中，苄氯菊酯，聚合粘结剂和增稠剂用点22表示。点22只分布在整个织物20的一个主要面上。没有点22分布在织物20中。同样地，在用苄氯菊酯进行表面涂布的织物中没有苄氯菊酯。
用若干种溶液只对织物的一个面进行表面涂布，每种溶液含有相同的苄氯菊酯分散体，增稠剂，和所示浓度的不同的聚合粘结剂和/或交联剂。然后，对处理过的织物进行日常洗涤，并测量织物中保留的苄氯菊酯的百分比，以便比较织物上用于留着苄氯菊酯的粘结剂的有效性。
        表面涂布的实施例
            实施例IV
实施例IV是实施例IV-A与实施例IV-B的对比，以测定在处理过的织物经5次洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例IV-A，仅用苄氯菊酯和增稠剂对织物进行表面涂布。
实施例IV-B，用苄氯菊酯，增稠剂和丙烯酸类粘结剂对织物进行表面涂布。
在第四实施例中，织物基布是65/35棉/聚酯混纺布。
在实施例IV-A中，仅用苄氯菊酯分散体和作为增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
在实施例IV-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的丙烯酸类共聚物乳液的10％w/w的溶液，和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
         实施例IV中苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例IV-A，1次日常洗涤后为25.2％；
实施例IV-B，1次日常洗涤后为42.9％；
对实施例IV的评定：将丙烯酸类粘结剂加至苄氯菊酯和增稠剂中比只将增稠剂加至苄氯菊酯中具有更好的洗涤耐久性。
         实施例V
实施例V是实施例V-A与实施例V-B的对比，以测定在处理过的织物经5次洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例V-A，用苄氯菊酯，聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂和增稠剂对织物进行表面涂布。
实施例V-B，用苄氯菊酯，聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂，增稠剂和交联剂对织物进行表面涂布。
在第五实施例中，织物基布是65/35棉/聚酯混纺布。
在实施例V-A中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，含有作为粘结剂的每加仑10％w/w的聚醋酸乙烯酯溶液和作为增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
在实施例V-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的丙烯酸类共聚物乳液的10％w/w的溶液，用0.5％w/w的用作交联剂的甲基化蜜胺，和用用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
         实施例V中苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例V-A，5次日常洗涤后为63.3％；
实施例V-B，5次日常洗涤后为65.2％；10次日常洗涤后为59.0％。
对实施例V的评定：将交联剂加至在增稠涂层中的聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂中不会明显增加反复洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
         实施例VI
实施例VI是实施例VI-A与实施例VI-B的对比，以测定在处理过的织物经1次洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例VI-A，用苄氯菊酯，聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂和增稠剂对织物进行表面涂布。
实施例VI-B，用苄氯菊酯，丙烯酸类粘结剂和增稠剂对织物进行表面涂布。
在第六实施例中，织物基布是65/35棉/聚酯混纺布。
在实施例VI-A中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的聚醋酸乙烯酯的10％w/w的溶液，和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
在实施例VI-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的丙烯酸类共聚物乳液的10％w/w的溶液，和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
         实施例VI中苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例VI-A，1次日常洗涤后为42.7％；
实施例VI-B，1次日常洗涤后为42.9％；
对实施例VI的评定：将丙烯酸类粘结剂加至在增稠表面涂层中反复洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率不会比添加聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂有更明显的增加。
         实施例VII
实施例VII是实施例VII-A与实施例VII-B的对比，以测定在处理过的织物经5次洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例VII-A，用苄氯菊酯，聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂和增稠剂对织物进行表面涂布。
实施例VII-B，用苄氯菊酯，丙烯酸类粘结剂，增稠剂和交联剂对织物进行表面涂布。
在第七实施例中，织物基布是65/35棉/聚酯混纺布。
在实施例VII-A中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液的10％w/w的溶液，和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
在实施例VII-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液的10％w/w的溶液，用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素和用作交联剂的0.5体积％的甲基化蜜胺树脂对织物进行表面涂布。
         实施例VII中苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例VII-A，5次日常洗涤后为52.7％；
实施例VII-B，5次日常洗涤后为47.8％；
对实施例VII的评定：与只使用聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂相比，使用交联剂和聚醋酸乙烯酯粘结剂不会改善洗涤耐久性。
         实施例VIII
实施例VIII是实施例VIII-A，实施例VIII-B和实施例VIII-C的三种表面涂层的对比，以测定织物经反复洗涤后，用于军用制服的100％棉的防裂织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例VIII-A是只含苄氯菊酯的增稠涂层。
实施例VIII-B是含有丙烯酸类粘结剂的苄氯菊酯的增稠涂层。
实施例VIII-C是含有丙烯酸类粘结剂和交联剂的苄氯菊酯的增稠涂层。
在第八实施例中，织物基布是用于军用制服的100％棉的防裂织物。
在实施例VIII-A中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
在实施例VIII-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的丙烯酸类共聚物乳液的10％w/w的溶液，和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
在实施例VIII-C中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的丙烯酸类共聚物乳液的10％w/w的溶液，用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素和用作交联剂的0.5体积％的甲基化蜜胺树脂对织物进行表面涂布。
实施例VIII中经1次/5次/10次日常洗涤后苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例VIII-A 59.5％    30.2％    4.76％
实施例VIII-B 86.4％    46.2％    18.2％
实施例VIII-C 74.8％    39.9％    23.8％
对实施例VIII的评定：使用丙烯酸类粘结剂明显改善了苄氯菊酯的洗涤耐久性；此外添加交联剂将进一步改善苄氯菊酯的洗涤耐久性。
         实施例IX
实施例IX是实施例IX-A，实施例IX-B和实施例IX-C的三种表面涂层的对比，以测定分别经反复日常洗涤后，用于军用制服的50/50尼龙/棉的织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例IX-A是只有苄氯菊酯的增稠涂层。
实施例IX-B是含有丙烯酸类粘结剂的苄氯菊酯的增稠涂层。
实施例IX-C是含有丙烯酸类粘结剂和交联剂的苄氯菊酯的增稠涂层。
在第九实施例中，织物基布是用于军用制服的50/50尼龙/棉织物。
在实施例IX-A中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
在实施例IX-B中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的丙烯酸类共聚物乳液的10％w/w的溶液，和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
在实施例IX-C中，用苄氯菊酯分散体，用用作粘结剂的丙烯酸类共聚物乳液的10％w/w的溶液，用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素和用作交联剂的5体积％的甲基化蜜胺树脂对织物进行表面涂布。
        实施例IX中经1次/10次/20次日常洗涤后苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例IX-A    47.4％    痕量      无
实施例IX-B    77.7％    29.9％    5.98％
实施例IX-C    66.4％    35.4％    8.85％
对实施例IX的评定：使用丙烯酸类粘结剂明显改善了苄氯菊酯的洗涤耐久性；此外添加交联剂将进一步改善苄氯菊酯的洗涤耐久性。
         实施例X
实施例X是实施例X-A与实施例X-B的对比，以测定处理过的织物经5次洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯的留着率。
实施例X-A，只用苄氯菊酯浸渍织物。
实施例X-B，只用苄氯菊酯和增稠剂对织物进行表面涂布。
在第十实施例中，织物基布是65/35棉/聚酯混纺布。
在实施例X-A中，只用苄氯菊酯分散体浸渍织物。
在实施例X-B中，只用苄氯菊酯分散体和用作增稠剂的羧甲基纤维素对织物进行表面涂布。
         实施例X中苄氯菊酯的留着率
实施例X-A，5次日常洗涤后为30.8％；
实施例X-B，5次日常洗涤后为39.7％；
对实施例X的评定：与只使用苄氯菊酯浸渍织物相比，使用增稠剂将苄氯菊酯表面涂布于织物基布的一面上将获得更好的洗涤耐久性。
         日常洗涤步骤
在前述的实施例中所有的日常洗涤均在KENMORE Ultra FabricCare Heavy Duty 80系列家用洗衣机中进行。对试样进行称重，并使用增载织物，以使负载量达到四磅。测取总共50亳升的一杯洗涤剂，并加至负载中。将洗衣机设置在通常设置的正常循环。织物在热水(120°F)洗涤，用冷水清洗。
在每个洗涤循环后，在HUEBSCH ORIGINATORS 30 PlusCommercial干燥器中对负载干燥20分钟，并冷却5分钟。
         测试步骤
用于测定洗涤后织物中苄氯菊酯留着量的仪器和测试步骤如下：气相色谱法(GC)：
Tre Metrics 541：电子捕获检测器
柱：      6英尺×1/8英寸内径的玻璃柱，在100/120目的Gas
          Chrome Q硅藻土色谱载体或等同物上装填3％OV
          225。
气体：    5％甲烷，95％氩
条件：    烘箱温度：245℃
          注射器温度：225℃
          检测器温度：350℃
               注射体积：2ul
               载气流量：50ml/min
               操作时间：每个试样约20分钟。
测试步骤：
将每个均为12平方英寸的试样放入索格利特萃取套管中。该试样是通过用2”×2”的冲模冲切三层测试织物而制备的。将175亳升丙烯腈/甲醇混合物和若干片煮沸的切片加至250亳升的耐热烧瓶中。组装索格利特萃取装置并对用苄氯菊酯浸渍的试样萃取6小时。萃取完后，将萃取液稀释至在量瓶中的总体积为200ml。将1ul萃取液注入GC中。
计算：
将一系列标准苄氯菊酯溶液注入GC中，记录两个顺式和反式峰的积分。形成两个顺式和反式峰的积分面积对浓度的线性图，并记录该线的方程式。使用该线的方程式和末知峰的积分面积，可完成外推至末知的浓度。该浓度值将以克/平方米计。
注：如果线性图的浓度坐标以克/平方米计，那么外推法是很方便的。
         表面涂布增加的效力
与用等量苄氯菊酯浸渍的织物相比，用苄氯菊酯进行表面涂布的织物具有更大的驱虫效力。其中一个原因根据图2A织物中苄氯菊酯的物理位置与图1A织物中苄氯菊酯的物理位置的对比将是十分清楚的。
在图2A中，所有的苄氯菊酯只位于织物的一个主表面上。当该表面成为衣服的外表面时，所有苄氯菊酯均被设置于与昆虫接触的位置。与此同时，它被设置在不与穿着者的皮肤接触的位置。
在图1A中，等量的苄氯菊酯分散在整个织物体内。因此，只有部分的苄氯菊酯能有效地进行驱虫，所述的部分苄氯菊酯位于将成为衣服外表面的织物的表面上。其余的苄氯菊酯分散在织物中，如图1A所示，由该织物制成的衣服的里面和外面分布了一样多的苄氯菊酯。
图3和4说明在实际测试中使用的装置和步骤，该实验证实表面涂布的苄氯菊酯在驱虫方面具有增加的效力。该测试是实施例XI和XII的主题。
如图3所示，通过将倒置的陪替氏培养皿盖30置于顺序地安置在不同处理的织物片32上的卡纸31上而进行该测试。其中一片织物32根据实施例XI进行处理，而另一片织物根据实施例XII进行处理。
如图3所示，在每个测试中，首先将10只雌性埃及伊蚊33禁闭在陪替氏培养皿盖30中，然后，从陪替氏培养皿盖底部轻轻地抽出卡纸31，使蚊子与处理过的织物32直接接触。在蚊子暴露至处理过的织物32中规定的时间(5-60分钟)后，将卡纸31轻轻返回至其在陪替氏培养皿盖底部的起始位置，以便结束蚊子与处理过织物的接触。在通过抽出卡纸31而将蚊子首次暴露至处理过的织物中之后15和60分钟时记录蚊子的击倒数。
           实施例XI      浸渍
配方
水           98％
苄氯菊酯     2％
计算得到的苄氯菊酯的浓度     1.14克/平方米
 分析得到的苄氯菊酯的浓度    1.17克/平方米
在隔离空间将织物表面与昆虫接触5分钟。15分钟后，25％的埃及伊蚊被击倒。
60分钟后，80％的埃及伊蚊被击倒。
         实施例XII    表面涂布配方
水         92.5％
苄氯菊酯   5.5％
Methocel   2.0％(增稠剂)
计算得到的苄氯菊酯的浓度    1.25克/平方米
分析得到的苄氯菊酯的浓度    0.85克/平方米
在隔离空间将织物表面与昆虫接触5分钟。15分钟后，50％的埃及伊蚊被击倒。
60分钟后，95.0％的埃及伊蚊被击倒。
根据这些数据可以看出，表面涂布将产生更有效的控制害虫的织物，该织物与浸渍的织物相比，将实现对害虫更快和更多的击倒。
供衣服用的表面涂布织物的另一个优点是，在衣服外面进行表面涂层使之最小程度地与穿着者的皮肤相接触，并且最大程度地将苄氯菊酯与昆虫相接触。
因此，本发明还提供对处理过织物经重复洗涤后，增加苄氯菊酯耐久性的改进方法，以及增加杀虫剂驱虫效力的改进方法。尽管在此的所有实施例均采用了苄氯菊酯作为杀虫剂，但所述的方法可以使用本发明范围内的其它杀虫剂。
尽管在本发明的描述中使用了特定的术语，但它们只是说明性的，并不是为了对本发明进行限定。

Claims (17)

1.一种在连续洗涤织物之前和之后增加织物驱虫效力的方法，所述方法的特征在于包括如下步骤：
(a)提供包含在增稠剂中的有效量的杀虫剂分散体的溶液；和
(b)将该溶液表面涂布至织物的仅一个主表面上，增稠剂的作用是将有效量的杀虫剂基本只分散在进行涂布的织物的一个表面上。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于杀虫剂是苄氯菊酯。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于该溶液包括聚合粘结剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于聚合粘结剂是聚醋酸乙烯酯。
5.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于聚合粘结剂是丙烯酸类共聚物。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于增稠剂是羧甲基纤维素。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于溶液包括交联剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于交联剂是甲基化蜜胺树脂。
9.一种将用于制造可洗涤衣服的织物，该织物含有苄氯菊酯，其特征在于，采取了如下作用成分以致织物在制成衣服并通过连续洗涤循环后仍能将苄氯菊酯保留在织物中，所述作用成分包括使用聚醋酸乙烯酯聚合粘结剂和交联剂。
10.一种含有涂层的织物，所述涂层基本只分散在织物的一个主表面上，并且，在对涂布织物洗涤之前和之后该涂层起驱虫的作用，其特征在于所述涂层由包含在增稠剂中的杀虫剂分散体的溶液得到，该增稠剂起限制杀虫剂沉积到所述一个主表面上的作用。
11.如权利要求10的织物，其特征在于杀虫剂是苄氯菊酯。
12.如权利要求10的织物，其特征在于溶液包括聚合粘结剂。
13.如权利要求12的织物，其特征在于聚合粘结剂是聚醋酸乙烯酯。
14.如权利要求12的织物，其特征在于聚合粘结剂是丙烯酸类共聚物。
15.如权利要求10的织物其特征在于，溶液包括交联剂。
16.如权利要求9的织物，其特征在于交联剂是甲基化蜜胺树脂。
17.如权利要求9的织物，其特征在于苄氯菊酯和将苄氯菊酯保留在织物中的作用成分是浸渍在织物中的。
CN97102295A 1996-02-02 1997-01-20 用于增加杀虫剂处理过的织物的效力和耐洗性的方法和措施 Expired - Fee Related CN1101496C (zh)

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