CN110024941A - 一种具有益气补血功能的组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种具有益气补血功能的组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出一种具有益气补血功能的组合物，包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣1‑25份；薏米1‑25份；芡实1‑25份；黑米1‑15份；黑芝麻1‑10份；山药1‑10份；酸枣仁1‑8份；玫瑰茄0.5‑5份；阿胶0.1‑2份；益智仁0.01‑1份；桑葚0.01‑1份。本发明各组分相互配合得到的组合物，配伍合理，既能益气补血，养血美颜，又具有酸敛收涩之功效，避免温燥之嫌。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药品、食品或保健品领域，尤其涉及一种具有益气补血功能的保健食品组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
当今社会，竞争激烈，生活节奏加快，环境、心理因素及饮食不规律容易造成人体营养不良，导致越来越多的人出现气血不足的症状，引起气虚体乏，精神不振，严重影响人们的生活质量。
气血不足除了与外部环境(如营养不良)相关外，人体自身的生理构成及体质差异也是导致人体气血不足的关键所在，气血不足严重者容易发生贫血症。据世卫组织报道，中国是世界上贫血疾病的高发区，其中男性发病率为20％，女性发病率为47％，18岁以下儿童及青少年潜在发病率则高达69％。在上述群体中，女性发病率远高于男性，其中女性儿童发病率较男性高出2％。而成年女性发病率则比男性高出了10％。成年女性一方面由于工作压力、家庭压力增大，抗压能力相对较弱，且易多愁善感，造成身体机能失衡，营养不良，另一方面，婚孕后女性容易出现气血失衡，引发月经不调、气虚体乏、头晕目眩等不良后果。如不及时调理，会给家庭和社会带来不利影响。
西医认为气血不足是内分泌失调，其主要通过调节内分泌来改善气血不足，虽然起效快，但只是针对某一方面进行改善，不能达到全面根治的效果，且西医治疗出现副作用的几率相对较大。中医讲，人体气血不足，血无气统帅和推动时，就无法到达身体需要的地方；气无血作为基础，就变成了身体里的邪火，即常说的“百病生于气”。人体如果出现气血瘀滞，不能运通全身，就会导致血流缓慢，缓慢后就血瘀，血瘀了，气也就滞了，从而导致全身气血不足。中医针对气血不足着重在调整全身功能，通过调理气血、补肾、扶脾、疏肝等达到治疗目的，可以减少复发；且中药是天然植物，毒副作用小。
当前，既有东方医药文化内涵，又有传统饮食特色的中药类保健食品已经普遍受到了人们的认可和欢迎，其保健功能是在维持和改善机体健康的前提下调节其生理机能的。因此，提供一种具有补虚益气、养颜补血功效，用于气血不足的保健食品组合物具有重要的意义。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明目的在于提供一种具有益气补血功能的保健食品组合物及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种具有益气补血功能的组合物，包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣1-25份；薏米1-25份；芡实1-25份；黑米1-15份；黑芝麻1-10份；山药1-10份；酸枣仁1-8份；玫瑰茄0.5-5份；阿胶0.1-2份；益智仁0.01-1份；桑葚0.01-1份。其中，所用原料或所述组合物可以直接研磨成粉，也可以是经过常规手段制得的提取物或其它形态等。
进一步地，该组合物包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣3-22份；薏米3-22份；芡实3-22份；黑米3-12份；黑芝麻1-8份；山药1-8份；酸枣仁1-6份；玫瑰茄0.5-4份；阿胶0.2-1.5份；益智仁0.05-0.8份；桑葚0.05-0.8份。
进一步地，该组合物包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣5-20份；薏米5-20份；芡实5-20份；黑米5-10份；黑芝麻2-5份；山药1.5-5份；酸枣仁1-5份；玫瑰茄0.6-3份；阿胶0.5-1.2份；益智仁0.1-0.7份；桑葚0.1-0.7份。
进一步地，该组合物包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣8-18份；薏米8-18份；芡实8-18份；黑米6-9份；黑芝麻2-4份；山药2-4份；酸枣仁1-3份；玫瑰茄0.8-1.5份；阿胶0.6-1.0份；益智仁0.2-0.6份；桑葚0.2-0.6份。
优选地，该组合物包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣16份、薏米15.3份、芡实15.3份、黑米8.6份、黑芝麻3份、山药2.65份、酸枣仁1.2份、玫瑰茄1份、阿胶0.75份、益智仁0.45份、桑葚0.45份或红枣17份、薏米17份、芡实16份、黑米9份、黑芝麻3.5份、山药3份、酸枣仁2份、玫瑰茄1.2份、阿胶0.9份、益智仁0.5份、桑葚0.5份或红枣18份、薏米18份、芡实18份、黑米9份、黑芝麻4份、山药4份、酸枣仁3份、玫瑰茄1.5份、阿胶1份、益智仁0.6份、桑葚0.6份。
本发明还提供一种本发明所述的具有益气补血功能组合物的制备方法，主要包括以下几个步骤：称取配方量的组分，混合，得到组合物。所述的混合方式为将各组分混合磨粉或者混合蒸煮。所述的混合磨粉方式为：组分混合后先粉碎成粗粉(如20目以上)，再经超微粉碎机粉碎至超微粉(如120目以上)。
本发明还提出了前述任一所述组合物在制备用于具有益气补血功能的产品中的应用。
本发明还提出了一种具有益气补血功能的产品，其特征在于，该产品由前述任一所述的组合物与辅料或调味剂制得。所述产品可以是药品、食品或保健品。
具体地，所述辅料或调味剂包括麦芽糊精、微晶纤维素、糊精、羧甲基纤维素钠、黄油、蜂蜜、冰糖、牛奶、甜菊糖苷、磷脂、乳糖、木糖醇、奶粉、樱桃果粉一种或多种。
优选地，所述产品选自即食冲调粉、营养棒或糕。
所述的即食冲调粉包括本发明所述的具有益气补血功能的组合物、麦芽糊精、奶粉、木糖醇、樱桃果粉。其中，所述的麦芽糊精、奶粉、木糖醇、樱桃果粉的用量分别为具有益气补血功能的组合物重量的10-20％、10-15％、5-10％、1-5％。
本发明还提出一种前述即食冲调粉的制备方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)原料预处理：分别取红枣、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂及洗净；
(2)原料干燥或炒制：将红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚及玫瑰茄干燥，对薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻及酸枣仁进行炒制；
(3)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与各干燥、炒制的原料按配比称量，粉碎成粗粉后，再与麦芽糊精、奶粉、木糖醇、樱桃果粉混合后再粉碎；
(4)原料总混：将上述粉碎物料充分混匀，即得冲调粉。
具体地，所述的即食冲调粉按照下列步骤制备得到：
(1)原料检验：筛选合格原料，厂家提供合格检验报告；
(2)原料预处理：分别取红枣(去核)、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂，洗净；
(3)原料烘干：将洗净的红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚、玫瑰茄置于电热恒温干燥箱中，60-70℃烘干(水分<6％)；
(4)原料炒制：将洗净的薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、酸枣仁于室温下晾至表面微干，置电炒锅中(100-150℃)焙炒15-30min，炒至表面裂口发黄，口感酥脆，有焦香味为止；
(5)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与烘干、炒制的原料按配比称量，先粉碎成粗粉(20目以上)；再与麦芽糊精、奶粉、木糖醇、樱桃果粉按配比混合，经超微粉碎机粉碎(120目以上)；
(6)原料总混：将上述粉碎物经小型总混机混匀；
(7)包装：将上述混合均匀的物料按定量进行包装，即得。
前述的营养棒包括本发明所述的具有益气补血功能的组合物、冰糖、蜂蜜、牛奶、黄油、磷脂、甜菊糖苷。其中，所述的冰糖、蜂蜜、牛奶、黄油、磷脂、甜菊糖苷的用量分别为具有益气补血功能的组合物重量的10-15％、1-5％、1-10％、10-15％、1-10％、1-5％。
本发明还提出一种前述营养棒的制备方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
(1)浆料预热：将冰糖、蜂蜜、牛奶混合均匀后，加热至55-65℃；
(2)黄油和磷脂的混合：称量黄油和磷脂，混合均匀，加入步骤(1)预热好的浆料中混合均匀，然后升温至55-65℃，得油脂混合物，备用；
(3)原料预处理：分别取红枣、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂及洗净；
(4)原料烘干：将洗净的红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚、玫瑰茄60-70℃烘干至水分<6％；
(5)原料炒制：将洗净的薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、酸枣仁于室温下晾至表面微干，置电炒锅中100-150℃焙炒15-30min，炒至表面裂口发黄，口感酥脆，有焦香味为止；
(6)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与烘干、炒制的原料先粉碎成20目以上的粗粉；再与甜菊糖苷混合，经超微粉碎机120目以上进行粉碎；
(7)原料总混：将上述粉碎物经总混机混匀；
(8)混合成型：将步骤(2)所得的油脂混合物与步骤(7)所得的原料总混合物倒入混合机中，混合均匀，挤压成直径为1-2cm的条，放入8-10℃的冷却箱中冷却20-25分钟，得成型物料；
(9)包装：将步骤(8)中所得成型物料切割成约宽3cm、长10cm左右的长条，用铝箔包材进行包装，即得。
前述的红枣薏米糕包括本发明所述的具有益气补血功能的组合物、冰糖、水。其中，所述的冰糖、水的用量分别为具有益气补血功能的组合物重量的10-20％、150-300％。
本发明中所述的红枣薏米糕按照下列步骤制备得到：
(1)原料预处理：分别取红枣(去核)、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂，洗净；
(3)原料烘干：将洗净的红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚、玫瑰茄置于电热恒温干燥箱中，60-70℃烘干(水分<6％)；
(4)原料炒制：将洗净的薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、酸枣仁于室温下晾至表面微干，置电炒锅中(100-150℃)焙炒15-30min，炒至表面裂口发黄，口感酥脆，有焦香味为止；
(5)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与烘干、炒制的原料按配比称量，先粉碎成粗粉(20目以上)；再与麦芽糊精、奶粉、木糖醇、樱桃果粉按配比混合，经超微粉碎机粉碎(120目以上)；
(6)原料混合搅拌：将步骤(5)的粉碎物与水按照比例1:2混合，搅拌均匀，得到混合液；
(7)糖水熬制：将一定重量份的冰糖加入剩余的水中，加热至完全溶解，得到糖水；
(8)蒸制：将步骤(6)中的混合液倒入步骤(7)得到的热糖水中，按顺时针搅拌至粘稠糊状，将粘稠状的原料加入模具中，进行蒸制，蒸制60min，即得。
红枣性温、味甘，具益气补血、健脾和胃、袪风功效。中国的草药书籍《本经》中记载到，红枣味甘性温、归脾胃经，有补中益气、养血安神、缓和药性的功能。大枣营养极为丰富，含有人体所必需的维生素和微量元素，特别是维生素C、维生素P的含量较高。每500克鲜枣含维生素C2730毫克，比同等重量的桃子、苹果的维生素C含量高100倍；维生素P的含量是百果之冠。国外誉其为“天然维生素丸”，国人称其为“补人丹”。南北朝《名医别录》中指出“此药甘润膏凝，善补阴阳、气血、津液、脉络、筋俞、骨髓，一切虚损，无不宜之。”《神农本草经》、《本草经集注》、《雷公药对》等描述为：“通九窍略亚菖蒲，和百草不让甘草。”医圣张仲景《伤寒论》、《金匮要略》中用枣者58方。
薏米又叫：薏苡仁、苡仁、六谷子，为禾本科植物薏苡的种仁。其性凉，味甘、淡，入脾、肺、肾经，具有利水、健脾、除痹、清热排脓的功效。薏米含有多种维生素和矿物质，有促进新陈代谢和减少胃肠负担的作用，可作为病中或病后体弱患者的补益食品。薏米中含有一定的维生素E，是一种美容食品，常食可以保持人体皮肤光泽细腻，消除粉刺、色斑，改善肤色。《本经疏证》：论者谓益气、除湿、和中，健脾，薏苡与术略似，而不知毫厘之差，千里之谬也。盖以云乎气，则术温而薏苡微寒，以云乎味，则术甘辛而薏苡甘淡。且术气味俱厚，薏苡气味俱薄，为迥不相侔也。
芡实性甘、涩，平，归脾、肾经。始载于《神农本草经》，列为上品，又名鸡头子，历版《中国药典》均有记载，为睡莲科1年生水生草本植物芡的干燥成熟种仁，具有益肾固精、补脾止泻、祛湿止带的功效，主治梦遗、滑精，遗尿、尿频，脾虚久泻，白浊、带下。素有“水中人参”和“水中桂圆”的美誉，是传统的中药材和珍贵的天然补品。
黑米，又称补血糯米、贡米、黑珍珠，是一种具有诸多保健功效的珍贵稻米。黑米含有淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪、多种维生素及钙、磷、镁、铁、锌、钼、硒等多种矿物质和微量元素。黑米所含蛋白质不但比普通大米高37％，而且其中氨基酸的含量也比白米高25.4％，人体所需的赖氨酸、精氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸等，黑米中也都含有，营养价值很高。中医认为，黑米性平、味甘，能滋阴补肾，补益脾胃，益气活血，养肝明目。经常食用黑米，有利于防治头昏、目眩、贫血、白发、眼疾、腰膝酸软等症。
黑芝麻性味甘、平，具有补益肝肾、养血益精、润肠通便之功效。黑芝麻的功效早在古代就被熟知，据《名医别录》记载，黑芝麻有“补中益气，润养五脏，利大小肠，产后赢困，催生落胞”的功能。李时珍在《本草纲目》中进一步指出
“入药以乌麻油为上”，服食黑芝麻能补肾乌发。现代研究表明，黑芝麻中的维生素E在护肤美肤中的作用不可忽视。它具有促进皮肤代谢，防止皮肤衰老，促进末端血管的血液循环，使皮肤有丰富的营养供应，保持光泽滋润，减少皮肤褐色素的生产。维生素E具有维持结缔组织弹性，减少皮肤发生感染，对皮肤中的弹力纤维和胶原纤维有“滋润”作用，维护皮肤的柔能与光泽。此外，黑芝麻具有改善睡眠、调节机体免疫等作用。
山药性味甘、平，归脾、肺、肾经。具有补脾养胃，生津益肺，补肾涩精之功效，用于脾虚食少，久泻不止，肺虚喘咳，肾虚遗精，带下，尿频，虚热消渴，脾虚食少。东汉时期《神农本草经》将山药列为上品，明末的《农政全书》称“薯蓣为杂粮第一所在”。《本草纲目》其言：“益肾气，健脾胃，止泻痢，润皮毛”。现代药理学研究表明，山药具有滋补细胞、强化内分泌、补益强壮、增强机体造血功能等作用，可诱生干扰素，改善机体免疫功能，提高抗病能力等，对延缓衰老进程有着重要作用。此外，山药富含对人体有益的微量元素，具有养血、补脑、益肾、抗衰老等功能。
酸枣仁又名枣仁、山枣仁、酸枣子，秋末冬初采收成熟果实，除去果肉及核壳，收集种子，晒干。其性甘、酸，平。入肝、胆、心经。功能主治：补肝，宁心，敛汗，生津。酸枣仁在安神、失眠领域有其独到的见解,且疗效显著，被医生患者美称“东方睡果”。中医典籍《神农本草经》中记载：“补中益肝，坚筋骨，助阴气，皆酸枣仁之功也。”明代李时珍《本草纲目》中记载，枣仁“熟用疗胆虚不得眠，烦渴虚汗之症；生用疗胆热好眠，皆足厥阴少阳药也。可见酸枣仁具有很高的药用价值与养生功效。现代研究表明，酸枣仁是养心安神的重要药，且有一定的滋养性，对心和肝的阴血有微弱的滋养作用。滋养心阴、心血、肝阴肝血。此外，酸枣仁可有效解决失眠，提升睡眠质量，缓解头疼、眩晕、疲惫等现象；能够舒解紧张、焦虑、抑郁、记忆力减退、神经衰弱等不适症状。
玫瑰茄性味酸，凉，归肾经。玫瑰茄营养丰富，功用独特，玫瑰茄的花萼为肉质结构，多汁，含有丰富的蛋白质、有机酸、维生素C、多种氨基酸、大量的天然色素和人体所需的矿物质，如铁、钙、磷等。玫瑰茄中还有一种更为特别的成份——花青素，花青素在葡萄皮、红甜菜、桑椹等果蔬中都含有。花青素具有抗氧化、抗自由基、抗衰老的作用，还能提高对脑细胞变性的预防，抑制痴呆症的发生。
阿胶性味甘，平。归肺、肝、肾经。具有补血滋阴，润燥，止血之功效。用于血虚萎黄，眩晕心悸，肌痿无力，心烦不眠，虚风内动，肺燥咳嗽等。《别录》曰：微温。张元素曰：性平味淡，气味俱薄，浮而升，阳也。入手太阴、足少阴、厥阴经。得火良。薯蓣为之使。畏大黄。据研究，阿胶含有多种蛋白质、氨基酸、钙等，能改善血钙平衡，促进红细胞的生成。此外，阿胶还能升高血压，防止失血性休克，对动物实验进行性肌营养不良也有较好的预防作用。阿胶有明显的补血作用，疗效优于铁剂。时珍曰：阿胶大要只是补血与液，故能清肺益阴而治诸证。按陈自明云：补虚用牛皮胶，去风用驴皮胶。成无己云：阴不足者补之以味，阿胶之甘以补阴血。不论肺虚肺实，可下可温，须用阿胶以安肺润肺。其性和平，为肺经要药。
益智仁具有温脾止泻摄唾，暖肾固精缩尿之功效。用于脾寒泄泻，腹中冷痛，口多唾涎，肾虚遗尿，小便频数，遗精白浊。《本草纲目》：“故古代进食药中，多用益智，土中益火也。”《本草经疏》：“益智子仁，以其敛摄，故治遗精虚漏，及小便余沥，此皆肾气不固之证也。肾主纳气，虚则不能纳矣。又主五液，涎乃脾之所统，脾肾气虚，二脏失职，是肾不能纳，脾不能摄，故主气逆上浮，涎秽泛滥而上溢也，敛摄脾肾之气，则逆气归元，涎秽下行。”
桑椹可以滋阴、补肾、乌发，对便秘有明显的改善，更有治疗神经衰弱症的功效。桑椹含有铁和维生素C，并且百分比尤其高，是女性补气养血的最佳选择。而且桑椹还能提高血液中血红蛋白和红细胞的数量，这也是桑葚提升造血功能的科学依据，所以妇女因出血过多导致的体虚体弱均宜食用。桑椹古称“民间圣果”，自古以来也是百姓常用的保健水果。李时珍在《本草纲目》中提到，桑椹是味甘、性微寒的药，具有滋阴、补血、生津、安神的功效。现代药学研究表明，桑椹具有调节免疫力，补充缺乏的胃液，提高胃肠消化能力的药理作用，另外它还拥有缓解眼疲劳、眼干涩，清除氧自由基和抗氧化、抗衰老，防止动脉硬化，促进新陈代谢，降低血糖和血脂，抵抗诱变等作用。
本发明提供的组合物主要由安全性高的红枣、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、阿胶、益智仁、桑椹按照一定比例制备而成。本发明选择的原料均为药食同源；红枣味甘性温，具有补中益气、养血安神之功效，配以黑米、黑芝麻、阿胶以增其补血养血之效；薏米性凉，益气、和中，芡实益肾固精，山药有养血、益气之功效，诸药合用，可益肾气，养精血；酸枣仁宁心、安神、滋养心血，玫瑰茄性凉、养血补血，益智仁温脾止泻，桑葚滋阴补血、安神补肾；以上原料合用，既能益气补血，养血美颜，又具有酸敛滋润之功效，避免温燥之嫌。
临床研究表明本发明各组分相互配合得到的组合物，配伍合理，能较好地实现改善气虚体乏、气血不足的人群，其益气养颜补血效果明显，可用于制备得到安全性高、无明显毒副作用的药品、食品或保健品。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明如未注明具体条件者，均按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行，所用原料药或辅料，以及所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1
原料组分的制备：
(1)原料预处理：分别取红枣(去核)、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂，洗净；
(2)原料烘干：将洗净的红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚、玫瑰茄置于电热恒温干燥箱中，60-70℃烘干(水分<6％)；
(3)原料炒制：将洗净的薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、酸枣仁于室温下晾至表面微干，置电炒锅中(100-150℃)焙炒15-30min，炒至表面裂口发黄，口感酥脆，有焦香味为止；
(4)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与烘干、炒制的原料按配比称量，红枣16份、薏米15.3份、芡实15.3份、黑米8.6份、黑芝麻3份、山药2.65份、酸枣仁1.2份、玫瑰茄1份、阿胶0.75份、益智仁0.45份、桑葚0.45份，粉碎成粗粉(20目以上)。
实施例2
(1)受试对象：
100名气血不足成年女性患者，年龄为28-45岁，血红蛋白(Hb)＜120g/L，容易出现疲倦无力、头晕耳鸣等症状。
(2)服用方法：
给实验组连续食用实施例1制成的粗粉，每天2次，每次10g，观察期为30天，服用期间对受试对象的生活和饮食不加干预，但避免服用其他含铁制剂。
(3)判定标准：
治愈：疲倦无力、头晕耳鸣症状消失，血红蛋白值(Hb)、红细胞内游离原卟啉(FEP)、血清铁蛋白(SF)指标正常。
显效：疲倦无力、头晕耳鸣症状明显好转，血红蛋白值(Hb)上升10g/L以上，红细胞内游离原卟啉(FEP)和血清铁蛋白(SF)指标有所改善；
有效：疲倦无力、头晕耳鸣症状有改善，血红蛋白值(Hb)上升5g/L～10g/L，红细胞内游离原卟啉(FEP)和血清铁蛋白(SF)指标无不良改变；
无效：其余为无效。
(4)结果
表1人体试验结果
由表1数据可知，本实施方式的益气补血组合物制成的粗粉能显著改善气血不足症状，总有效率为84％。在试验过程中，试验者无恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等不良反应，说明本实施方式的组合物在益气补血的同时不刺激肠胃。
实施例3冲调粉工艺考察
1.辅料筛选
(1)细粉制备
取实施例1得到的粗粉，分别加入不同辅料(重量比64.7:15)混合均匀，经超微粉碎机粉碎(120目以上)得到超微粉，即得。
(2)感官评价
分别取样品1.5g，加入80℃的纯化水200mL，搅拌溶解，由10人独立对其进行感官评价，取平均分为其感官评分。
表2感官评价标准
(3)吸水率
将底部盛有氯化钠过饱和溶液的玻璃干燥器放入40℃的恒温箱中5h，此时干燥器中的相对湿度为75％。在已恒重的扁称量瓶中放入2细粉，精密称定后置于干燥器中，20h后称定重量，通过测定吸湿前后的重量来计算吸湿百分率。
(4)结果
表3不同辅料感官评分及吸湿率
实验结果表明，添加不同辅料制成的细粉，麦芽糊精和乳糖的感官评价最优，而麦芽糊精和糊精的吸湿率最低，因此，综合考虑，优选麦芽糊精作为辅料。
2.混合工艺考察
为使本发明的冲调粉具有适合的口感，需要加入一定量的调味剂，而冲调粉的风味形成是调味剂和干粉的结合而产生的，适当的加入调味剂可使口感更宜人。
分别取本实施例中制得的粗粉、麦芽糊精和奶粉、木糖醇、樱桃果粉，按照重量比为64.7:15:20.3进行混合，经超微粉碎机粉碎，考察不同混合时间对本产品感官指标的影响，并按照表2的标准进行感官指标评分。
表4不同混合时间的感官评分
| 编号 | 混合时间(min) | 感官评分(分) |
| 1 | 1 | 55.1 |
| 2 | 5 | 76.4 |
| 3 | 10 | 89.5 |
| 4 | 15 | 90.8 |
| 5 | 20 | 90.6 |
由表4知，不同混合时间对本发明的感官指标有一定的影响，当混合时间为10～20min时，感官评分均为90分作用且无明显差别，综合考虑，优选10min最为混合时间。
根据以上结果，优选辅料为麦芽糊精，优选混合时间为10min。
实施例4
一种营养棒，按下列重量份的原料及调味剂等制备而成：红枣17份、薏米17份、芡实16份、黑米9份、黑芝麻3.5份、山药3份、酸枣仁2份、玫瑰茄1.2份、阿胶0.9份、益智仁0.5份、桑葚0.5份、冰糖12份、蜂蜜3份、牛奶8份、黄油10份、磷脂6份、甜菊糖苷3份。
具体按照以下步骤制备：
(1)浆料的预热：将冰糖、蜂蜜、牛奶按照配比量混合均匀，加热至55-65℃；
(2)黄油和磷脂的混合：按配比量称量黄油和磷脂，混合均匀，加入步骤(1)预热好的浆料中混合均匀，然后升温至55-65℃，得油脂混合物，备用；
(3)原料预处理：分别取红枣(去核)、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂，洗净；
(4)原料烘干：将洗净的红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚、玫瑰茄置于电热恒温干燥箱中，60-70℃烘干(水分<6％)；
(5)原料炒制：将洗净的薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、酸枣仁于室温下晾至表面微干，置电炒锅中(100-150℃)焙炒15-30min，炒至表面裂口发黄，口感酥脆，有焦香味为止；
(6)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与烘干、炒制的原料按配比称量，先粉碎成粗粉(20目以上)；再与甜菊糖苷按配比混合，经超微粉碎机粉碎(120目以上)；
(7)原料总混：将上述粉碎物经小型总混机混匀；
(8)混合成型：将步骤(2)所得的油脂混合物与步骤(7)所得的原料总混合物倒入混合机中，混合均匀，挤压成直径为1-2cm的条，放入8-10℃的冷却箱中冷却20-25分钟，得成型物料；
(9)包装：将步骤(8)中所得成型物料切割成约宽3cm、长10cm左右的长条，每根约30g，用铝箔包材进行包装，即得。
实施例5
红枣18份、薏米18份、芡实18份、黑米9份、黑芝麻4份、山药4份、酸枣仁3份、玫瑰茄1.5份、阿胶1份、益智仁0.6份、桑葚0.6份、冰糖10份、水200份。
所述的红枣薏米糕按照下列步骤制备得到：
(1)原料预处理：分别取红枣(去核)、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂，洗净；
(3)原料烘干：将洗净的红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚、玫瑰茄置于电热恒温干燥箱中，60-70℃烘干(水分<6％)；
(4)原料炒制：将洗净的薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、酸枣仁于室温下晾至表面微干，置电炒锅中(100-150℃)焙炒15-30min，炒至表面裂口发黄，口感酥脆，有焦香味为止；
(5)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与烘干、炒制的原料按配比称量，先粉碎成粗粉(20目以上)；再与麦芽糊精、奶粉、木糖醇、樱桃果粉按配比混合，经超微粉碎机粉碎(120目以上)；
(6)原料混合搅拌：将步骤(5)的粉碎物与水按照比例1:2混合，搅拌均匀，得到混合液；
(7)糖水熬制：将一定重量份的冰糖加入剩余的水中，加热至完全溶解，得到糖水；
(8)蒸制：将步骤(6)中的混合液倒入步骤(7)得到的热糖水中，按顺时针搅拌至粘稠糊状，将粘稠状的原料加入模具中，进行蒸制，蒸制60min，即得。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种具有益气补血功能的组合物，包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣1-25份；薏米1-25份；芡实1-25份；黑米1-15份；黑芝麻1-10份；山药1-10份；酸枣仁1-8份；玫瑰茄0.5-5份；阿胶0.1-2份；益智仁0.01-1份；桑葚0.01-1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述组合物，其特征在于，该组合物包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣5-20份；薏米5-20份；芡实5-20份；黑米5-10份；黑芝麻2-5份；山药1.5-5份；酸枣仁1-5份；玫瑰茄0.6-3份；阿胶0.5-1.2份；益智仁0.1-0.7份；桑葚0.1-0.7份。
3.根据权利要求2所述组合物，其特征在于，该组合物包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣8-18份；薏米8-18份；芡实8-18份；黑米6-9份；黑芝麻2-4份；山药2-4份；酸枣仁1-3份；玫瑰茄0.8-1.5份；阿胶0.6-1.0份；益智仁0.2-0.6份；桑葚0.2-0.6份。
4.根据权利要求3所述组合物，其特征在于，该组合物包括以下重量份数的组分：红枣16份、薏米15.3份、芡实15.3份、黑米8.6份、黑芝麻3份、山药2.65份、酸枣仁1.2份、玫瑰茄1份、阿胶0.75份、益智仁0.45份、桑葚0.45份。
5.权利要求1-4任一所述的组合物在制备用于具有益气补血功能的产品中的应用。
6.一种具有益气补血功能的产品，其特征在于，该产品由权利要求1-4任一所述的组合物与辅料或调味剂制得。
7.根据权利要求6所述的产品，其特征在于，所述辅料或调味剂包括麦芽糊精、微晶纤维素、糊精、羧甲基纤维素钠、黄油、蜂蜜、冰糖、牛奶、甜菊糖苷、磷脂、乳糖、木糖醇、奶粉、樱桃果粉一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的产品，其特征在于所述产品选自即食冲调粉、营养棒或糕。
9.一种如权利要求8所述产品的制备方法，其特征在于，当该产品为即食冲调粉时，该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)原料预处理：分别取红枣、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂及洗净；
(2)原料干燥或炒制：将红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚及玫瑰茄干燥，对薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻及酸枣仁进行炒制；
(3)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与各干燥、炒制的原料按配比称量，粉碎成粗粉后，再与麦芽糊精、奶粉、木糖醇、樱桃果粉混合后再粉碎；
(4)原料总混：将上述粉碎物料充分混匀，即得冲调粉。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，当该产品为营养棒时，该方法包括：
(1)浆料预热：将冰糖、蜂蜜、牛奶混合均匀后，加热至55-65℃；
(2)黄油和磷脂的混合：称量黄油和磷脂，混合均匀，加入步骤(1)预热好的浆料中混合均匀，然后升温至55-65℃，得油脂混合物，备用；
(3)原料预处理：分别取红枣、薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、山药、酸枣仁、玫瑰茄、益智仁、桑葚，去杂及洗净；
(4)原料烘干：将洗净的红枣、山药、益智仁、桑葚、玫瑰茄60-70℃烘干至水分<6％；
(5)原料炒制：将洗净的薏米、芡实、黑米、黑芝麻、酸枣仁于室温下晾至表面微干，置电炒锅中100-150℃焙炒15-30min；
(6)原料粉碎：将阿胶片先敲成小块，再与烘干、炒制的原料先粉碎成20目以上的粗粉；再与甜菊糖苷混合，经超微粉碎机120目以上进行粉碎；
(7)原料总混：将上述粉碎物经总混机混匀；
(8)混合成型：将步骤(2)所得的油脂混合物与步骤(7)所得的原料总混合物倒入混合机中，混合均匀，挤压成条，放入冷却箱中冷却，得成型物料；
(9)包装：将步骤(8)中所得成型物料切割成长条，即得。
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| CN109198624A (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳市熙雨中医药研究有限公司 | 一种具有补肾养肝、调脾胃、乌发生发功效的食品 |
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| CN113925163A (zh) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-14 | 江苏康缘药业股份有限公司 | 具有健脾养胃、益气生血功能的组合物、食品及制备方法 |
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