CN109841677A - 高电子迁移率晶体管及其制造方法 - Google Patents

高电子迁移率晶体管及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN109841677A
CN109841677A CN201910245261.2A CN201910245261A CN109841677A CN 109841677 A CN109841677 A CN 109841677A CN 201910245261 A CN201910245261 A CN 201910245261A CN 109841677 A CN109841677 A CN 109841677A
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黄敬源
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Innovo Secco (zhuhai) Technology Co Ltd
Innoscience Zhuhai Technology Co Ltd
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Innovo Secco (zhuhai) Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910245261.2A priority Critical patent/CN109841677A/zh
Publication of CN109841677A publication Critical patent/CN109841677A/zh
Priority to US16/771,670 priority patent/US11201222B2/en
Priority to CN202080000989.XA priority patent/CN111771284B/zh
Priority to CN202080000993.6A priority patent/CN111771285A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/081115 priority patent/WO2020192689A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/081116 priority patent/WO2020192690A1/en
Priority to CN202111359577.8A priority patent/CN113889530B/zh
Priority to US16/771,673 priority patent/US11721729B2/en
Priority to CN202111359446.XA priority patent/CN113889529B/zh
Priority to US17/522,929 priority patent/US11569358B2/en
Priority to US17/522,930 priority patent/US11569359B2/en
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Abstract

本发明提供一种高电子迁移率晶体管,所述高电子迁移率晶体管包括硅衬底、沟道层、势垒层、介电层和栅极,所述硅衬底、所述沟道层、所述势垒层和所述介电层沿所述高电子迁移率晶体管的厚度方向依次层叠设置,所述介电层上形成有最终栅极槽,在远离所述势垒层的方向上,所述最终栅极槽的开口面积越来越大,所述栅极的一部分设置在所述最终栅极槽中,以与所述势垒层相连。本发明还提供一种高电子迁移率晶体管的制造方法。所述高电子迁移率晶体管性能良好、且成本低。

Description

高电子迁移率晶体管及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及微电子领域,具体地,涉及一种高电子迁移率晶体管以及该高电子迁移率晶体管的制造方法。
背景技术
高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT,High Electron Mobility Transistor)是一种场效应晶体管,如图1所示,该高电子迁移率晶体管包括硅衬底500、设置在硅衬底500上的沟道层400、设置在沟道层400上的势垒层300、设置在势垒层300上的介电层200、源极120、漏极130和栅极110。介电层200上形成有源极槽、栅极槽和漏极槽,源极120的一部分设置在源极槽中,漏极130的一部分设置在漏极槽中,栅极110的一部分设置在栅极槽中。
当高电子迁移率晶体管应用于电子设备中时,栅极110需要与相应的栅线电连接,因此,栅极110应当具有位于介电层200表面上的部分。但是,在制造高电子迁移率晶体管时,良率不够高。
因此,如何提高制造高电子迁移率晶体管的良率成为本领域亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高电子迁移率晶体管以及该高电子迁移率晶体管的制造方法,利用所述制造方法制得所述高电子迁移率晶体管时良率较高。
为了实现上述目的,作为本发明的一个方面,提供一种高电子迁移率晶体管,所述高电子迁移率晶体管包括硅衬底、沟道层、势垒层、介电层和栅极,所述硅衬底、所述沟道层、所述势垒层和所述介电层沿所述高电子迁移率晶体管的厚度方向依次层叠设置,其中,所述介电层上形成有最终栅极槽,在远离所述势垒层的方向上,所述最终栅极槽的开口面积越来越大,所述栅极的一部分设置在所述最终栅极槽中,以与所述势垒层相连。
优选地,所述介电层包括初始介电层和过渡介电部,所述初始介电层层叠设置在所述势垒层背离所述沟道层的表面上,所述初始介电层上形成有初始栅极槽,所述初始栅极槽沿所述初始介电层的厚度方向贯穿所述初始介电层,所述过渡介电部设置在所述初始栅极槽中,且贴合在所述初始栅极槽的侧壁上,以形成所述最终栅极槽。
优选地,所述初始介电层的材料和所述过渡介电部的材料均包括硅的氧化物和/或硅的氮化物。
优选地,所述栅极包括第一栅极部、第二栅极部和第三栅极部,所述第一栅极部设置在所述介电层背离所述势垒层的表面上,所述第二栅极部贴合在所述最终栅极槽的侧壁上,所述第三栅极部位于所述最终栅极槽中,且与所述势垒层的表面贴合,所述第二栅极部连接在所述第一栅极部和所述第三栅极部之间。
优选地,所述沟道层的材料包括GaN,所述势垒层的材料包括AlGaN。
作为本发明的第二个方面,提供一种高电子迁移率晶体管的制造方法,其中,所述制造方法包括:
提供硅衬底;
形成沟道层;
形成势垒层;
形成介电层,所述介电层上形成有最终栅极槽,在远离所述势垒层的方向上,所述最终栅极槽的开口面积越来越大;
形成栅极,所述栅极的一部分设置在所述最终栅极槽中,以与所述势垒层相连。
优选地,形成介电层的步骤包括:
形成初始介电材料层;
在所述初始介电材料层上形成初始栅极槽,所述初始栅极槽沿所述初始介电材料层的厚度方向贯穿所述初始介电层,以获得初始介电层;
形成过渡介电材料层,所述过渡介电材料层的一部分位于所述初始栅极槽中;
对所述过渡介电材料层进行刻蚀,去除所述过渡介电材料层上位于初始介电材料层背离势垒层的表面上的部分,以获得过渡介电部,所述过渡介电部位于所述初始栅极槽中,且与所述初始栅极槽的侧壁贴合,以获得所述最终栅极槽。
优选地,所述过渡介电材料层的材料以及所述初始介电材料层的材料均包括硅的氧化物和/或硅的氮化物,在对所述过渡介电材料层进行刻蚀的步骤中,刻蚀气体包括CF4,刻蚀持续时间为100s至300s,刻蚀腔室下电极功率为100W至300W。
优选地,所述栅极包括第一栅极部、第二栅极部和第三栅极部,所述第一栅极部设置在所述介电层背离所述势垒层的表面上,所述第二栅极部贴合在所述最终栅极槽的侧壁上,所述第三栅极部位于所述最终栅极槽中,且与所述势垒层的表面贴合,所述第一栅极部与所述第二栅极部相连,所述第二栅极部还与所述第三栅极部相连。
优选地,所述沟道层的材料包括GaN,所述势垒层的材料包括AlGaN。
在本发明所提供的高电子迁移率晶体管中,最终栅极槽的侧壁并非与势垒层垂直设置,而是平缓过渡,因此,在通过沉积工艺形成栅极时,栅极材料可以连续地贴附在最终栅极槽的侧壁上,从而可以形成完整连续的栅极,从而可以提高制造高电子迁移率晶体管的良率。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中:
图1是高电子迁移率晶体管的示意图;
图2是不良的高电子迁移率晶体管的示意图;
图3是本发明所提供的高电子迁移率晶体管的示意图;
图4是本发明所提供的制造高电子迁移率晶体管的制造方法的流程图;
图5是硅衬底上形成了沟道层和势垒层的示意图;
图6是硅衬底上形成了沟道层、势垒层和初始介电层的示意图;
图7是硅衬底上形成了沟道层、势垒层、初始介电层和过渡介电材料层的示意图;
图8是对过渡介电材料层进行刻蚀获得过渡介电部后的示意图。
附图标记说明
110:栅极 111:第一栅极部
112:第二栅极部 113:第三栅极部
120:源极 130:漏极
200:介电层 210:初始介电层
210a:初始栅极槽 220:过渡介电部
220a:过渡介电材料层 300:势垒层
400:沟道层 500:硅衬底
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
经本发明的发明人研究发现,现有技术中,制造高电子迁移率晶体管时产生不良的一大原因在于,由于当前设备精度的限制,只有在栅极槽宽度较大的情况下,才能够获得图1中所示的理想状态(即,栅极连续、且与栅极槽的侧壁贴合状况良好)的高电子迁移率晶体管。当栅极槽宽度较小时,受工艺水平的限制,如图2所示,形成栅极的金属材料无法连续地贴附在栅极槽的侧壁上,因此,栅极110位于介电层200表面上的部分可能与栅极110位于栅极槽底部的部分断开,并导致高电子迁移率晶体管不良。除了具有栅极断开的缺点外,栅极110厚度不连续的情况还会导致栅极中产生空穴,降低栅极的强度。
有鉴于此,作为本发明的一个方面,提供一种高电子迁移率晶体管,如图3所示,所述高电子迁移率晶体管包括硅衬底500、沟道层400、势垒层300、介电层200和栅极110,硅衬底500、沟道层400、势垒层300和介电层200沿所述高电子迁移率晶体管的厚度方向依次层叠设置,其中,介电层200上形成有最终栅极槽,在远离势垒层300的方向上,所述最终栅极槽的开口面积越来越大,栅极110的一部分设置在所述最终栅极槽中,以与势垒层300相连。
在本发明所提供的高电子迁移率晶体管中,最终栅极槽的侧壁并非与势垒层300垂直设置,而是平缓过渡,因此,在通过沉积工艺形成栅极时,栅极材料可以连续地贴附在最终栅极槽的侧壁上,从而可以形成完整连续的栅极110,从而可以提高制造高电子迁移率晶体管的良率。
在本发明中,对如何形成侧壁平缓过渡的最终栅极槽不做特殊的限定,例如,可以通过控制刻蚀工艺形成所述最终栅极槽。为了便于制造,优选地,可以先形成侧壁垂直于势垒层的初始栅极槽、随后在初始栅极槽中设置过渡部的方式形成所述最终栅极槽。具体地,如图3中所示,介电层200包括初始介电层210和过渡介电部220,初始介电层210层叠地设置在势垒层300背离沟道层200的表面上,且初始介电层210上形成有初始栅极槽,该初始栅极槽沿初始介电层210的厚度方向贯穿该初始介电层210。过渡介电部220设置在所述初始栅极槽中,且贴合在所述初始栅极槽的侧壁上,以形成所述最终栅极槽。在形成介电层200时,可以先形成初始介电层210,再形成过渡介电部220,从而可以简化制造工艺。
在本发明中,对介电层200各个部分的材料不做特殊的限定,只要绝缘即可。作为一种实施方式,优选地,初始介电层210的材料和过渡介电部220的材料均包括硅的氧化物和/或硅的氮化物。
如图3中所示,栅极110包括第一栅极部111、第二栅极部112和第三栅极部113,该第一栅极部111设置在介电层200背离势垒层300的表面上(具体地,设置在初始节点层210背离势垒层300的表面上),第二栅极部112贴合设置在最终栅极槽的侧壁上,第三栅极部113位于所述最终栅极槽中,且与势垒层300的表面贴合。第二栅极部112连接在第一电极部111和第三栅极部113之间。
第一栅极部111用于与栅线电连接,由于最终栅极槽的侧壁是平缓过渡的,因此,第二栅极部112是连续的。
作为一种优选实施方式,沟道层200的材料包括GaN,势垒层300的材料包括AlGaN。
需要指出的是,所述高电子迁移率晶体管还包括源极120和漏极130,作为一种实施方式,源极120和漏极130与栅极110同层设置,且均穿过介电层200与势垒层300相接触。
作为本发明的第二个方面,提供一种高电子迁移率晶体管的制造方法,其中,如图4所示,所述制造方法包括:
在步骤S110中,提供硅衬底500(如图5所示);
在步骤S120中,形成沟道层400(如图5所示);
在步骤S130中,形成势垒层300(如图5所示);
在步骤S140中,形成介电层,所述介电层上形成有最终栅极槽,在远离所述势垒层的方向上,所述最终栅极槽的开口面积越来越大;
在步骤S150中,形成栅极,所述栅极的一部分设置在所述最终栅极槽中,以与所述势垒层相连。
通过所述制造方法可以获得本发明所提供的上述高电子迁移率晶体管。由于步骤S140中获得的最终栅极槽的侧壁与势垒层的表面之间平缓过渡,因此,步骤S150中获得的栅极材料连续,从而可以提高制造高电子迁移率晶体管的良率。
可以通过控制工艺参数来获得具有所述最终栅极槽的介电层。例如,步骤S140可以包括:
形成介电材料层;
在介电材料层上形成掩膜图形;
对介电材料层进行刻蚀,以形成具有所述最终栅极槽的介电层。
为了降低对工艺参数的要求,优选地,步骤S140可以包括:
形成初始介电材料层;
在所述初始介电材料层上形成初始栅极槽210a,该初始栅极槽210a沿所述初始介电材料层的厚度方向贯穿该初始介电材料层,以获得初始介电层210(参见图6);
形成过渡介电材料层220a,该过渡介电材料层220a的一部分位于所述初始栅极槽中(参见图7);
对过渡介电材料层220a进行刻蚀,去除过渡介电材料层220a上位于初始介电材料层210背离势垒层的表面上的部分,以获得过渡介电部220(如图8所示),该过渡介电部220位于所述初始栅极槽中,且与所述初始栅极槽的侧壁贴合,以获得所述最终栅极槽。
在本发明中,初始栅极槽210a具有较大的尺寸,形成初始栅极槽210a时对刻蚀设备的精度要求不高,从而可以降低制造所述高电子迁移率晶体管的成本。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式,所述过渡介电材料层的材料以及所述初始介电材料层的材料均包括硅的氧化物和/或硅的氮化物,相应地,在对所述过渡介电材料层进行刻蚀的步骤中,刻蚀气体包括CF4,刻蚀持续时间为100s至300s,刻蚀腔室下电极功率为100W至300W。
如上文中所述,所述栅极包括第一栅极部、第二栅极部和第三栅极部,所述第一栅极部设置在所述介电层背离所述势垒层的表面上,所述第二栅极部贴合在所述最终栅极槽的侧壁上,所述第三栅极部位于所述最终栅极槽中,且与所述势垒层的表面贴合,所述第一栅极部与所述第二栅极部相连,所述第二栅极部还与所述第三栅极部相连。
相应地,形成栅极的步骤可以包括:
形成栅极金属层;
形成栅极掩膜层;
对栅极金属层进行刻蚀,以获得栅极。
如上文中所述,所述沟道层的材料包括GaN,所述势垒层的材料包括AlGaN。
可以理解的是,以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式,然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下,可以做出各种变型和改进,这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种高电子迁移率晶体管,所述高电子迁移率晶体管包括硅衬底、沟道层、势垒层、介电层和栅极,所述硅衬底、所述沟道层、所述势垒层和所述介电层沿所述高电子迁移率晶体管的厚度方向依次层叠设置,其特征在于,所述介电层上形成有最终栅极槽,在远离所述势垒层的方向上,所述最终栅极槽的开口面积越来越大,所述栅极的一部分设置在所述最终栅极槽中,以与所述势垒层相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其特征在于,所述介电层包括初始介电层和过渡介电部,所述初始介电层层叠设置在所述势垒层背离所述沟道层的表面上,所述初始介电层上形成有初始栅极槽,所述初始栅极槽沿所述初始介电层的厚度方向贯穿所述初始介电层,所述过渡介电部设置在所述初始栅极槽中,且贴合在所述初始栅极槽的侧壁上,以形成所述最终栅极槽。
3.根据权利要求2所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其特征在于,所述初始介电层的材料和所述过渡介电部的材料均包括硅的氧化物和/或硅的氮化物。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其特征在于,所述栅极包括第一栅极部、第二栅极部和第三栅极部,所述第一栅极部设置在所述介电层背离所述势垒层的表面上,所述第二栅极部贴合在所述最终栅极槽的侧壁上,所述第三栅极部位于所述最终栅极槽中,且与所述势垒层的表面贴合,所述第二栅极部连接在所述第一栅极部和所述第三栅极部之间。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的高电子迁移率晶体管,其特征在于,所述沟道层的材料包括GaN,所述势垒层的材料包括AlGaN。
6.一种高电子迁移率晶体管的制造方法,其特征在于,所述制造方法包括:
提供硅衬底;
形成沟道层;
形成势垒层;
形成介电层,所述介电层上形成有最终栅极槽,在远离所述势垒层的方向上,所述最终栅极槽的开口面积越来越大;
形成栅极,所述栅极的一部分设置在所述最终栅极槽中,以与所述势垒层相连。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制造方法,其特征在于,形成介电层的步骤包括:
形成初始介电材料层;
在所述初始介电材料层上形成初始栅极槽,所述初始栅极槽沿所述初始介电材料层的厚度方向贯穿所述初始介电层,以获得初始介电层;
形成过渡介电材料层,所述过渡介电材料层的一部分位于所述初始栅极槽中;
对所述过渡介电材料层进行刻蚀,去除所述过渡介电材料层上位于初始介电材料层背离势垒层的表面上的部分,以获得过渡介电部,所述过渡介电部位于所述初始栅极槽中,且与所述初始栅极槽的侧壁贴合,以获得所述最终栅极槽。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述过渡介电材料层的材料以及所述初始介电材料层的材料均包括硅的氧化物和/或硅的氮化物,在对所述过渡介电材料层进行刻蚀的步骤中,刻蚀气体包括CF4,刻蚀持续时间为100s至300s,刻蚀腔室下电极功率为100W至300W。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述栅极包括第一栅极部、第二栅极部和第三栅极部,所述第一栅极部设置在所述介电层背离所述势垒层的表面上,所述第二栅极部贴合在所述最终栅极槽的侧壁上,所述第三栅极部位于所述最终栅极槽中,且与所述势垒层的表面贴合,所述第一栅极部与所述第二栅极部相连,所述第二栅极部还与所述第三栅极部相连。
10.根据权利要求7或8所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述沟道层的材料包括GaN,所述势垒层的材料包括AlGaN。
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WO2020192690A1 (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 Innoscience (Zhuhai) Technology Co., Ltd. Semiconductor device and fabrication method thereof
WO2020192689A1 (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 Innoscience (Zhuhai) Technology Co., Ltd. Semiconductor device and fabrication method thereof
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CN110534421A (zh) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-03 深圳市汇芯通信技术有限公司 栅极制造方法及相关产品

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