CN109717038A - Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method - Google Patents
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding methods, belong to plant seedling Cultivating techniques field.It the described method comprises the following steps: (1) choosing seeds and handle: choosing annual fresh root item when harvesting in January and plant；(2) selection of cultivation matrix: the seedling medium that selection turfy soil, fertile soil, perlite and coco bran form, mass ratio are 1~2:2~3:1~2:3~4；(3) hole plate seedling growth: seedling medium is attached in hole tray, and root item is erected and is inserted into inside hole tray, and management in vinyl house is put into after earthing；(4) water and fertilizer management seedling management: is carried out according to root growing state and soil regime；(5) transplant: the container seedling of germination can be transplanted to field at 10 DEG C or more by March in spring, open country soil temperature stabilization.Seedling fostering method of the invention improves the rooting rate and survival rate of red sage root hole plate seedling growth, and the seedling seedling of acquisition is mutually neat, and disease resistance is strong, is conducive to improve Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae yield.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant seedling Cultivating techniques fields, and in particular to a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method.
Background technique
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is the dry root also known as blood ginseng, red ginseng, purple of Lamiaceae plant Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (SalviamiltiorrhizaBge.)
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, red root etc. are conventional Chinese medicine, have the function of promoting blood circulation, swelling and pain relieving, nourishing blood and tranquilization etc..Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae main product is in Sichuan, peace
Emblem, Jiangsu etc. save, and China major part provinces and regions are distributed and cultivate.Currently, the output of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is mainly derived from wild, artificial cultivation
Technology not yet full maturity, leads to that artificial culture survival rate is low, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae yield is not high.With the development of Chinese medicinal material industry, the need of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
The amount of asking increasingly increases, and wild Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae has been unable to meet the market demand, in addition, due to wild Salvia miltiorrhiza immoderate excavation year after year,
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae stock number is endangered, and the technology of artificial growth Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is closely carried out.
The propagation method of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is mainly include the following types: sowing and breeding, the breeding of reed head, the breeding of root item and tissue culture are numerous at present
Grow, wherein sowing and breeding is to cultivate seedling using seed, carry out field-transplanting again, this method production cost is low, without degenerate, disease pest
Evil is few, can be with large area for producing, but growing-seedling period is long, grows slower；Reed head breeding is most pushed up using Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root system
The part (referred to as reed head) at end is bred, and this mode propagation material is few, breeding coefficient is not high；The breeding of root item is to be cut into root segment
It is bred after segment in field cuttage, is most common method, but this method emergence rate is low, emergence is irregular；Group
Training, which is bred, to be had the characteristics that not to be subject to seasonal restrictions, it is fast to breed, but its is at high cost, it is difficult to be promoted the use of a large area.
It would therefore be highly desirable to a kind of breeding method of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling be developed, to solve to lack existing for above-mentioned breeding method
It falls into.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, and a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method is provided,
Method provided by the invention solves seedling rooting rate existing for existing Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae method for culturing seedlings very well and survival rate is low, and seedling is not mutually whole
Neat disadvantage improves the rooting rate and survival rate of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae nursery, and the seedling seedling of acquisition is mutually neat, is conducive to improve Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae production
Amount.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) choose seeds and handle: when harvesting in January, the fresh root item for choosing annual healthy and strong no disease and pests harm is planted, and will be chosen
Root item cut into 3.0-4.0cm long root segment it is spare, pay attention to distinguish upper and lower side；
(2) selection of cultivation matrix: the good seedling medium of selection mixture does cultivation matrix, and the seedling medium includes turf
Soil, fertile soil, perlite and coco bran, mass ratio are 1~2:2~3:1~2:3~4；Soil humidity control is 30- when plant
40%；
(3) hole plate seedling growth: the good seedling medium of mixture is attached in hole tray, by the root item handled well by the upper and lower perpendicular of label
It is inserted into inside hole tray, depth is that management in vinyl house is put into after earthing from 2.0 centimetres of hole tray mouth；
(4) seedling management: before root item does not germinate, control soil moisture is 20%~50%, according to root growing state and
Soil regime carries out water and fertilizer management, guarantees that soil moisture is 30~50%；Period keeps canopy room temperature at 10 DEG C or more；
(5) transplant: the container seedling of germination can be transplanted to field at 10 DEG C or more by March in spring, open country soil temperature stabilization.
Above-mentioned Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling fostering method provided by the invention can be improved the rooting rate and survival rate of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling, and
Obtain the mutually neat advantage of seedling.Wherein selected seedling medium formula can promote the growth and development of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling very well, meet red
Join root item nutriment needed for growth and development, the growth of taking root of root hole plate seedling growth is greatly facilitated, rooting rate is high, simultaneously
The survival rate of nursery is improved, and each seedling is mutually grown neatly.
Further, the pH value of the coco bran be 5.80-6.20, EC value be 250-280us/cm, bulk density 0.22-
0.25g/cm3.Coco bran is more advantageous to the cultivation of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling under above-mentioned property control.
Further, described item is carrying out the treatment fluid that hole plate seedling growth Shi Xianyong chitosan concentration is 0.5-0.8%
Impregnate root lower part 10-15min.Red sage root item is handled using this method, certain sterilization can be played and promotes cell division
The effect of growth.
Further, the hole tray uses 50 hole seedling culture hole plates, hole tray depth 9cm.
Further, when cutting root segment, upward be cut into flat mouth, it is directed downwardly to be cut into angle.
Further, root thickness is selected to plant for the fresh root item of 1.0-1.5cm, old root, excessively thick root, radicula excessively cannot be used.
Further, described item selection is without root-knot nematode, root item root-rot bacterium harm and had no mechanical damage.
Further, spraying a thiophanate methyl or first frost hymexazol pouring root is pre- after the emergence of root item in step (4)
Disease prevention.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
(1) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae method for culturing seedlings provided by the invention can obtain good Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling in a short time, and seedling is mutually whole
Together, seedling is sturdy, and growth and development is good；
(2) rooting rate of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae method for culturing seedlings root item provided by the invention is high, and seedling survival rate is high, and disease-resistant performance is strong.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments to the present invention
It is specifically described, it is necessary to, it is noted that following embodiment is used only for that the present invention is explained and illustrated, be not used to
Limit the present invention.Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that those skilled in the art are made according to foregoing invention content, still belong to
In protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) choose seeds and handle: when harvesting in January, the fresh root item for choosing annual healthy and strong no disease and pests harm is planted, and root item is wanted
No root-knot nematode, root-rot bacterium endanger and have no mechanical damage, root thickness 1.0cm, and old root, excessively thick root, radicula excessively cannot be used, and will choose
Root item cut into 3.0cm long root segment it is spare, pay attention to distinguishing upper and lower side, upward be cut into flat mouth, it is directed downwardly to be cut into angle；
(2) selection of cultivation matrix: the good seedling medium of selection mixture does cultivation matrix, and the seedling medium includes turf
Soil, fertile soil, perlite and coco bran, mass ratio 1:2:1:3；The pH value of the coco bran is 5.80, EC value be 250us/cm,
Bulk density is 0.22g/cm3, soil humidity control is 30% when plant；
(3) hole plate seedling growth: the good seedling medium of mixture is attached in hole tray, and hole tray uses 50 hole seedling culture hole plates, and hole tray is deep
Spend 9cm；It first uses the treatment fluid that chitosan concentration is 0.5% to impregnate root lower part 10min spare root item, then will handle well
Root item by label it is upper and lower it is perpendicular be inserted into inside hole tray, depth is that vinyl house inner tube is put into after earthing from 2.0 centimetres of hole tray mouth
Reason；
(4) seedling management: before root item does not germinate, control soil moisture is 20%, according to root growing state and soil feelings
Condition carries out water and fertilizer management, guarantees that soil moisture is 30%；A thiophanate methyl or first frost hymexazol are sprayed after the emergence of root item
The pre- disease prevention of pouring root；Period keeps canopy room temperature at 10 DEG C or more；
(5) transplant: the container seedling of germination can be transplanted to field at 10 DEG C or more by March in spring, open country soil temperature stabilization.
Under the above method, 100 plants of red sage root items its rooting rate and survival rate after hole plate seedling growth is cultivated 20 days are counted, it is raw
Root rate reaches 1cm or more as standard using root long, and obtaining rooting rate is 93.1%, survival rate 97.3%, the seedling of gained seedling
Mutually neat, seedling is sturdy, and disease resistance is strong.Its survival rate is counted again after kind of transplantation of seedlings 1 month, and field planting is accounted for the strain number of survival
When strain number than statistics, survival rate 99.2%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) choose seeds and handle: when harvesting in January, the fresh root item for choosing annual healthy and strong no disease and pests harm is planted, and root item is wanted
No root-knot nematode, root-rot bacterium endanger and have no mechanical damage, root thickness 1.5cm, and old root, excessively thick root, radicula excessively cannot be used, and will choose
Root item cut into 4.0cm long root segment it is spare, pay attention to distinguishing upper and lower side, upward be cut into flat mouth, it is directed downwardly to be cut into angle；
(2) selection of cultivation matrix: the good seedling medium of selection mixture does cultivation matrix, and the seedling medium includes turf
Soil, fertile soil, perlite and coco bran, mass ratio 2:3:2:4；The pH value of the coco bran is 6.20, EC value be 280us/cm,
Bulk density is 0.25g/cm3.Soil humidity control is 40% when plant；
(3) hole plate seedling growth: the good seedling medium of mixture is attached in hole tray, and hole tray uses 50 hole seedling culture hole plates, and hole tray is deep
Spend 9cm；It first uses the treatment fluid that chitosan concentration is 0.8% to impregnate root lower part 15min spare root item, then will handle well
Root item by label it is upper and lower it is perpendicular be inserted into inside hole tray, depth is that vinyl house inner tube is put into after earthing from 2.0 centimetres of hole tray mouth
Reason；
(4) seedling management: before root item does not germinate, control soil moisture is 50%, according to root growing state and soil feelings
Condition carries out water and fertilizer management, guarantees that soil moisture is 50%；A thiophanate methyl or first frost hymexazol are sprayed after the emergence of root item
The pre- disease prevention of pouring root；Period keeps canopy room temperature at 10 DEG C or more；
(5) transplant: the container seedling of germination can be transplanted to field at 10 DEG C or more by March in spring, open country soil temperature stabilization.
Under the above method, the red root item of 200 plants of ginsengs its rooting rate and survival rate, rooting rate after hole tray is cultivated 25 days are counted
Reach 1cm or more as standard using root long, obtaining rooting rate is 93.7%, and the seedling of survival rate 98.1%, gained seedling is mutually whole
Together, seedling is sturdy, and disease resistance is strong.Its survival rate is counted again after kind of transplantation of seedlings 1 month, when accounting for field planting with the strain number of survival
Strain number is than statistics, survival rate 99.3%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) choose seeds and handle: when harvesting in January, the fresh root item for choosing annual healthy and strong no disease and pests harm is planted, and root item is wanted
No root-knot nematode, root-rot bacterium endanger and have no mechanical damage, root thickness 1.2cm, and old root, excessively thick root, radicula excessively cannot be used, and will choose
Root item cut into 3.5cm long root segment it is spare, pay attention to distinguishing upper and lower side, upward be cut into flat mouth, it is directed downwardly to be cut into angle；
(2) selection of cultivation matrix: the good seedling medium of selection mixture does cultivation matrix, and the seedling medium includes turf
Soil, fertile soil, perlite and coco bran, mass ratio 2:3:1:3；The pH value of the coco bran is 6.10, EC value be 270us/cm,
Bulk density is 0.24g/cm3.Soil humidity control is 35% when plant；
(3) hole plate seedling growth: the good seedling medium of mixture is attached in hole tray, and hole tray uses 50 hole seedling culture hole plates, and hole tray is deep
Spend 9cm；It first uses the treatment fluid that chitosan concentration is 0.6% to impregnate root lower part 12min spare root item, then will handle well
Root item by label it is upper and lower it is perpendicular be inserted into inside hole tray, depth is that vinyl house inner tube is put into after earthing from 2.0 centimetres of hole tray mouth
Reason；
(4) seedling management: before root item does not germinate, control soil moisture is 35%, according to root growing state and soil feelings
Condition carries out water and fertilizer management, guarantees that soil moisture is 40%；A thiophanate methyl or first frost hymexazol are sprayed after the emergence of root item
The pre- disease prevention of pouring root；Period keeps canopy room temperature at 10 DEG C or more；
(5) transplant: the container seedling of germination can be transplanted to field at 10 DEG C or more by March in spring, open country soil temperature stabilization.
Under the above method, 300 plants of red sage root items its rooting rate and survival rate, rooting rate after hole tray is cultivated 20 days are counted
Reach 1cm or more as standard using root long, obtaining rooting rate is 94.0%, and the seedling of survival rate 98.6%, gained seedling is mutually whole
Together, seedling is sturdy, and disease resistance is strong.Its survival rate is counted again after seedling goes out and transplants 1 month, when accounting for field planting with the strain number of survival
Strain number than statistics, survival rate 99.5%.
Comparative example 1
Coco bran in embodiment 1 is replaced with into wet sand, remaining processing mode is constant, as described in Example 1 statistics gained
The rooting rate of red sage root seedling is 73.5%, and survival rate 83.1%, seedling is mutually irregular.
Comparative example 2
It will not have to chitosan solution in embodiment 2 when hole plate seedling growth to handle, method of remaining processing referring to embodiment 2, system
The rooting rate of meter gained Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling is 75.8%, and survival rate 85.3%, seedling is mutually irregular.
Comparative example 3
Chitosan solution in embodiment 3 is replaced with into cellulase solution, as described in Example 3 statistics gained Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
The rooting rate of seedling is 80.7%, and survival rate 90.3%, seedling is mutually irregular.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) choose seeds and handle: when harvesting in January, the fresh root item for choosing annual healthy and strong no disease and pests harm is planted, the root that will be chosen
The root segment that item cuts into 3.0-4.0cm long is spare, pays attention to distinguishing upper and lower side；
(2) selection of cultivation matrix: the good seedling medium of selection mixture does cultivation matrix, the seedling medium include turfy soil,
Fertile soil, perlite and coco bran, mass ratio are 1~2:2~3:1~2:3~4；Soil humidity control is 30- when plant
40%；
(3) hole plate seedling growth: the good seedling medium of mixture is attached in hole tray, and the root item handled well is inserted by upper and lower erect of label
Inside hole tray, depth is that management in vinyl house is put into after earthing from 2.0 centimetres of hole tray mouth；
(4) seedling management: before root item does not germinate, control soil moisture is 20%~50%, according to root growing state and soil
Situation carries out water and fertilizer management, guarantees that soil moisture is 30~50%；Period keeps canopy room temperature at 10 DEG C or more；
(5) transplant: the container seedling of germination can be transplanted to field at 10 DEG C or more by March in spring, open country soil temperature stabilization.
2. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pH value of the coco bran is
5.80-6.20, EC value is 250-280us/cm, bulk density 0.22-0.25g/cm3。
3. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described item is educated in progress hole tray
Miao Shixian impregnates root lower part 10-15min with the treatment fluid that chitosan concentration is 0.5-0.8%.
4. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hole tray uses 50 hole nursery
Hole tray, hole tray depth 9cm.
5. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when cutting root segment, being cut into upward
Flat mouth, it is directed downwardly to be cut into angle.
6. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that select root thickness for 1.0-1.5cm
Fresh root item plant, old root, excessively thick root, cross radicula cannot use.
7. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described item selects unrooted tie lines
Worm, root item root-rot bacterium harm and had no mechanical damage.
8. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae high quality seedling breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that emerge in step (4) to root item
After spray a thiophanate methyl or the pre- disease prevention of first frost hymexazol pouring root.
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Application publication date: 20190507 |