CN112166844A - Salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination - Google Patents

Salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112166844A
CN112166844A CN202011256526.8A CN202011256526A CN112166844A CN 112166844 A CN112166844 A CN 112166844A CN 202011256526 A CN202011256526 A CN 202011256526A CN 112166844 A CN112166844 A CN 112166844A
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salvia miltiorrhiza
root
seedlings
propagation
planting
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CN202011256526.8A
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Inventor
宋振巧
王建华
任振丽
田国庆
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Shandong Agricultural University
Shandong Danhong Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Shandong Agricultural University
Shandong Danhong Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Publication of CN112166844A publication Critical patent/CN112166844A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a salvia miltiorrhiza germchit propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination, which belongs to the technical field of salvia miltiorrhiza germchit propagation and comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a field without diseases, insect pests, virus and continuous cropping and with good drainage and irrigation facilities as a salvia miltiorrhiza planting source garden, S2, selecting salvia miltiorrhiza roots, shearing to obtain root segments for later use, S3, obtaining fine soil for planting the root segments, and S4, accelerating germination of the planted root segments. In the invention, during propagation, the root sections are subjected to germination accelerating planting and reasonable planning planting, sexual propagation is not required, the propagation steps are simple and convenient, the propagation of salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings is facilitated for planting personnel, the planting is subjected to germination accelerating for about 20 days, the flat sections of the root sections form calluses to grow green tender buds, the germination rate can reach more than 95%, and the quality of seedlings out of a nursery can be effectively improved by adopting a grading and standard selection mode.

Description

Salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of red sage root germchit propagation, in particular to a red sage root germchit propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root section pregermination.
Background
Red sage root, name of Chinese traditional medicine. Is dried root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge of Labiatae. Collected in spring and autumn, removed of silt and dried. Distributed throughout most parts of the country. Has the effects of activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, stimulating the menstrual flow to relieve pain, clearing away the heart-fire and relieving restlessness, cooling blood and eliminating carbuncle. Can be used for treating thoracic obstruction, heart pain, abdominal pain, hypochondriac pain, abdominal mass, pain due to pyretic arthralgia, vexation, insomnia, menoxenia, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, and pyocutaneous disease with swelling and pain.
Because the salvia miltiorrhiza has good effect, the demand of the market for the salvia miltiorrhiza is continuously increased, so that the propagation of salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings needs to be enhanced, but the traditional salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method has the defects of complex propagation process, poor germination rate and low quality of seedlings out of a nursery, so that the salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method which is convenient to propagate, high in germination rate and high in seedling quality and performs vegetative propagation by utilizing root section germination acceleration is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a salvia miltiorrhiza germchit propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination, which has the effects of facilitating the propagation of salvia miltiorrhiza germchits, enabling the germination rate of salvia miltiorrhiza germchits to reach more than 95% and enabling the salvia miltiorrhiza germchits to be high in quality when going out of a nursery.
In order to achieve the above effects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a field without diseases, insect pests, virus and continuous cropping and good drainage and irrigation facilities as a salvia miltiorrhiza planting source garden.
S2, selecting the root of red sage root, and cutting to obtain root segments for later use.
And S3, obtaining fine soil for planting the root segments.
And S4, accelerating germination of the planted root segments.
And S5, grading the seedlings, selecting and packaging the seedlings according to the standard, and then transporting the seedlings.
Furthermore, according to the operation steps in S2, the material is generally selected in the sunny day in the red sage root harvesting season, so that the material is not selected in the low-temperature rainy day in winter.
Further, according to the operation steps in S2, the main agronomic traits of the plant material including leaf size and shape, leaf color, and plant type should be identified before the material is obtained, so as to ensure that the plant retains the original variety characteristics, and can be used as a seed source.
Further, according to the operation steps in S2, 1-year-old salvia miltiorrhiza is harvested, strong and healthy salvia miltiorrhiza roots without diseases and insects and bright red in color are selected, the salvia miltiorrhiza roots are taken back and do not need to be aired, the salvia miltiorrhiza roots are placed in a cool and humid environment, and seedlings are grown within 3 days as far as possible.
Further, according to the operation steps in S2, selecting root segments of the middle and upper parts of the salvia miltiorrhiza bunge with the diameter of more than 5 mm and reed heads with the diameter of more than 1 cm.
Further, according to the operation steps in S2, stems and leaves of the reed heads are cut off from the upper part of the ground, the reed heads are cut into seeds with the length of 5-7 cm, the upper parts of the reed heads are cut into flat stubbles, and the lower parts of the reed heads are cut into oblique stubbles.
Further, according to the operation steps in S2, the treated root segment of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is preserved temporarily at a relative humidity of above 80% and a temperature of 1-5 ℃ while ensuring the air permeability of the root segment before planting.
Further, according to the operation step in S3, the method includes the steps of:
s301, selecting the land: selecting sandy soil with deep soil layer, homogeneous texture, rich humus, good drainage and irrigation, and the first crop is preferably gramineous fibrous root crop.
S302, land preparation and ridge making: after deep ploughing of the soil, 750kg of calcium superphosphate and 300kg of potassium sulfate are broadcast and applied to each hectare, and then rotary tillage and fine raking are carried out.
S303, loading a disc: the fine soil is filled into a seedling tray with the thickness of 2 cm.
Further, according to the operation step in S4, the method includes the following steps:
s401, obliquely planting the root segments, and planting the root segments according to the plant spacing of 1cm and the row spacing of 3 cm.
S402, covering soil is compacted, the covering soil is less than 2cm, and watering is carried out to preserve soil moisture.
And S403, covering a breathable grass mat or a white transparent mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
Furthermore, according to the operation steps in S5, seedlings which are pure and healthy in variety, dark green in leaf color, fruity in tissue, free from overgrowth and variation are selected.
The invention provides a salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment germination acceleration, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the invention, during propagation, the root segments are subjected to germination accelerating planting, the planting is reasonably planned, sexual propagation is not needed, the propagation steps are simple and convenient, and the propagation of salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by growers is facilitated.
(2) In the invention, the planting is accelerated to sprout for about 20 days, the root section is cut into plain sections to form callus and grow green tender buds, and the germination rate can reach more than 95 percent.
(3) In the invention, a grading and standard selection mode is adopted, so that the quality of the seedlings out of the nursery can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for propagating Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: referring to fig. 1, a method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by using root segment pregermination includes the following steps:
(1) selecting a field without diseases, insect pests, virus and continuous cropping and with good drainage and irrigation facilities as a salvia miltiorrhiza planting source garden.
(2) Selecting root of red sage root, and cutting to obtain root segment for use.
(3) And obtaining fine soil for planting the root segments.
(4) And accelerating germination of the planted root section.
(5) And classifying the seedlings, selecting and packaging the seedlings according to the standard, and then transporting the seedlings.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in (2), materials are generally selected in a red sage root harvesting season in sunny weather, and materials are prevented from being selected in low-temperature rainy days in winter.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in (2), the main agronomic characters of the plant material including the size and shape of leaves, the color of leaves and the type of the plant are identified before the material is obtained, so that the plant can be used as a seed source only after the original variety characteristics of the plant are maintained.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the step (2), 1-year-old salvia miltiorrhiza is harvested, strong and healthy salvia miltiorrhiza roots without diseases and insects and bright red salvia miltiorrhiza roots are selected, the salvia miltiorrhiza roots are taken back and do not need to be aired, and the salvia miltiorrhiza roots are placed in a cool and humid environment to be cultivated in 3 days as far as possible.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in (2), root sections of the middle and upper parts of the salvia miltiorrhiza bunge with the diameter of more than 5 mm and reed heads with the diameter of more than 1cm are selected.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in (2), stems and leaves of the upper part of the ground are cut off from the reed heads, the reed heads are cut into seeds with the length of 5-7 cm, the upper parts of the seeds are cut into flat stubbles, and the lower parts of the seeds are cut into oblique stubbles.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in (2), the treated root section of the salvia miltiorrhiza can ensure the air permeability of the root section before planting, and can be temporarily stored under the conditions that the relative humidity is more than 80% and the temperature is 1-5 ℃.
Specifically, the operation steps in (3) include the following steps:
(301) selecting the land: selecting sandy soil with deep soil layer, homogeneous texture, rich humus, good drainage and irrigation, and the first crop is preferably gramineous fibrous root crop.
(302) Land preparation and bed making: after soil deep ploughing, 750kg of calcium superphosphate (phosphorus content is more than or equal to 18%) and 300kg of potassium sulfate (potassium content is more than or equal to 50%) are broadcast and applied to each hectare, then rotary tillage is carried out, and harrowing is carried out.
(303) And (3) loading a tray: the fine soil is filled into a seedling tray with the thickness of 2 cm.
Specifically, the operation steps in (4) include the following steps:
(401) and obliquely planting the root sections, and planting according to the plant spacing of 1cm and the row spacing of 3 cm.
(402) Covering soil with the thickness less than 2cm, watering and preserving soil moisture.
(403) And covering with a breathable straw mat or a white transparent mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
Specifically, according to the operation steps in the step (5), seedlings which are pure and healthy in variety, dark green in leaf color, fruity in tissue, free of overgrowth and variation are selected.
The method of the examples was performed for detection analysis and compared to the prior art to yield the following data:
propagation process Germination rate Quality of seedling
Examples Simple and convenient Super high High quality
Prior Art Complexity of Not good at Low quality
According to the table data, in the embodiment, the salvia miltiorrhiza germchit propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination has the advantages of simple propagation of salvia miltiorrhiza germchits, extremely high germination rate of salvia miltiorrhiza germchits and high outplanting quality.
A salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a field without diseases, insect pests, virus and continuous cropping and with good drainage and irrigation facilities as a salvia miltiorrhiza planting source garden.
(2) Selecting salvia miltiorrhiza roots, shearing to obtain root segments for later use, generally selecting to obtain materials in sunny weather in a salvia miltiorrhiza harvesting season, avoiding obtaining materials in low-temperature rainy weather in winter, identifying main agronomic characters of plant materials including leaf size and shape, leaf color and plant type before obtaining the materials, ensuring that the plant can be used as a seed source to harvest 1-year-old salvia miltiorrhiza, selecting strong and disease-and-insect-free salvia miltiorrhiza roots with bright red color, taking back the red salvia miltiorrhiza roots without airing, placing the red salvia miltiorrhiza roots in a cool and humid environment, growing seedlings within 3 days as much as possible, selecting root segments at the middle upper part of the salvia miltiorrhiza with the diameter of more than 5 mm and reed heads with the diameter of more than 1cm, shearing off stems and leaves at the upper part of the salvia miltiorrhiza to obtain seeds with the length of 5-7 cm, shearing the upper part of the red salvia miltiorrhiza into flat stubble, and shearing the lower part of the red salvia. The treated root section of the salvia miltiorrhiza guarantees the air permeability of the root section before planting, and is temporarily stored under the conditions that the relative humidity is more than 80% and the temperature is 1-5 ℃.
(3) The method for obtaining the fine soil for planting the root segments comprises the following steps: (301) selecting the land: selecting sandy soil which is thick in soil layer, relatively uniform in texture, rich in humus, sunny and good in drainage and irrigation, wherein the previous crops are preferably gramineous fibrous root crops, (302), preparing soil and making bed: after soil deep ploughing, broadcasting 750kg of calcium superphosphate (phosphorus content is more than or equal to 18%) and 300kg of potassium sulfate (potassium content is more than or equal to 50%) per hectare, then carrying out rotary tillage, fine raking, (303) and dishing: the fine soil was filled in a nursery tray (width 40cm, length 60cm, depth 10 cm) with a thickness of 2 cm.
(4) And accelerating germination of the planted root section, comprising the following steps: (401) planting the root sections obliquely according to the plant spacing of 1cm and the row spacing of 3cm, (402), covering soil and compacting, wherein the covering soil is less than 2cm, watering and preserving soil moisture, preferably 60-75% of the relative water holding capacity of the soil, (403), and covering a breathable straw mat or a white transparent mulching film for preserving heat and moisture.
(5) And classifying the seedlings, wherein a classification data table is as follows:
item Whether Red callus is formed (cm) Number of buds Height of tender bud (cm)
Level 1 Is that ≥3 ≥1
Stage 2 Is that ≥2 ≥0.3
Selecting a standard: selecting seedlings which are pure and healthy in variety, dark green in leaf color, solid in tissue, free of overgrowth and variation, selecting and packaging according to standards, and then transporting, wherein during packaging: put into the packing carton side by side seedling tray even with the plantlet, do not invert, do not extrude, during the transportation: the transportation tool is clean and sanitary, avoids direct strong light, pays attention to ventilation and moisture preservation, and strictly prevents the tender leaves from being broken.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a field without diseases, insect pests, virus and continuous cropping or good drainage and irrigation facilities as a salvia miltiorrhiza planting source garden;
s2, selecting salvia miltiorrhiza roots, and shearing to obtain root segments for later use;
s3, obtaining fine soil for planting root segments;
s4, accelerating germination of the planted root segments;
and S5, grading the seedlings, selecting and packaging the seedlings according to the standard, and then transporting the seedlings.
2. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by using root segment pregermination as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material is generally selected in the harvest season of salvia miltiorrhiza in sunny weather to avoid the material selection in low-temperature rainy weather in winter according to the operation steps in S2.
3. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by accelerating germination of root segments as claimed in claim 1, wherein according to the operation step in S2, the main agronomic traits of plant materials including leaf size and shape, leaf color and plant type are identified before material drawing, so as to ensure that the plant can be used as seed source while maintaining the original variety characteristics.
4. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by utilizing root segment pregermination as claimed in claim 1, wherein 1 year old salvia miltiorrhiza is harvested according to the operation steps in S2, salvia miltiorrhiza roots which are strong, free of diseases and insects and bright red in color are selected, the salvia miltiorrhiza roots are taken back and do not need to be aired, and the salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings are placed in a cool and humid environment for growing seedlings within 3 days as far as possible.
5. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by accelerating germination of root segments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the root segments at the middle and upper parts of salvia miltiorrhiza with the diameter of more than 5 mm and the reed heads with the diameter of more than 1cm are selected according to the operation steps in S2.
6. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by using root segment pregermination for asexual propagation as claimed in claim 2, wherein stems and leaves at the upper part of the field are cut off from the reed heads according to the operation steps in S2, the reed heads are cut into seeds with the length of 5-7 cm, the upper parts are cut into flat stubbles, and the lower parts are cut into oblique stubbles.
7. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by accelerating germination of root segments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the treated salvia miltiorrhiza root segments are preserved temporarily at a relative humidity of more than 80% and a temperature of 1-5 ℃ while ensuring the air permeability of the root segments before planting according to the operation steps in S2.
8. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by using root segment pregermination as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps according to the operation steps in S3:
s301, selecting the land: selecting sandy soil which has thick soil layer, relatively uniform texture, rich humus, sunny and good drainage and irrigation, wherein the previous crops are preferably gramineous fibrous root crops;
s302, land preparation and ridge making: after soil deep ploughing, broadcasting 750kg of calcium superphosphate and 300kg of potassium sulfate per hectare, then carrying out rotary tillage, and finely raking;
s303, loading a disc: the fine soil is filled into a seedling tray with the thickness of 2 cm.
9. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by using root segment pregermination as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps according to the operation steps in S4:
s401, obliquely planting root segments, and planting the root segments according to the plant spacing of 1cm and the row spacing of 3 cm;
s402, covering soil is compacted, the covering soil is less than 2cm, and watering is carried out to preserve soil moisture;
and S403, covering a breathable grass mat or a white transparent mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
10. The method for propagating salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings by asexual propagation by accelerating germination of root segments as claimed in claim 1, wherein seedlings with pure and healthy varieties, dark green leaf color, fruitless tissue and no overgrowth and variation are selected according to the operation step in S5.
CN202011256526.8A 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Salvia miltiorrhiza seedling propagation method for vegetative propagation by using root segment pregermination Withdrawn CN112166844A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210105