CN112655474B - Yangxin tarragon direct seeding propagation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a direct seeding propagation method of Yangxin artemisia huashuang. The method comprises the following steps: s1, selecting and reserving seeds; s2, applying a base fertilizer and preparing soil; s3, preparing a seeding stem section of Yangxin artemisia huashi: selecting a strong and disease and insect-harmless Yangxin hu artemisia mature stem as a propagation material, removing tender tips and roots of the artemisia selengensis stem by using a garden pruning shear sterilized by alcohol, and shearing the stem into stem segments; s4, sowing stem segments; s5: seedling lifting and root promotion; s6: cutting and root-retaining regeneration; s7: promoting bud and seedling; s8, covering a shed; s9: harvesting. According to the method, the Yangxin tarragon is directly sown with bud stem segments to reproduce, so that the traditional cutting propagation method is replaced, and the purposes of reducing labor cost and improving plant rooting rate and root growth capacity are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a direct seeding propagation method of Yangxin artemisia huashuang.
Background
The artemisia pigmentosa is characterized in that artemisia pigmentosa is planted in China, namely artemisia rupestris, artemisia annua, and the like, and is favored by consumers because of higher edible value and medicinal value. Yangxin Artemisia is a local fine variety of Artemisia selengensis produced in Xincounty, yangxin Hubei province.
The common propagation method of artemisia selengensis comprises the steps of separating plants, layering, cutting, stem planting and sowing. In production, the Yangxin artemisia huashi is mainly bred by adopting a cutting method, and the specific method is as follows: selecting a strong branch, cutting the strong branch into stem sections with the length of 15-20cm, and cutting according to the plant row spacing of 8-10cm multiplied by 10-12 cm. The cutting propagation method has the advantages of keeping the excellent characteristics of the original variety, fast seedling formation, high propagation coefficient and the like, but also has the defects of slow rooting, weak root system and the like, and the cutting cost is higher and higher along with the continuous rising of the labor cost, so that the enthusiasm of the artemisia rupestris for planting the artemisia rupestris is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a direct seeding propagation method of Yangxin artemisia huashi. According to the method, the Yangxin tarragon is directly sown with bud stem segments to reproduce, so that the traditional cutting propagation method is replaced, and the purposes of reducing labor cost and improving plant rooting rate and root growth capacity are achieved.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the direct seeding propagation method of Yangxin artemisia huashi specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and reserving seeds. Selecting a field block with rich soil and excellent growth vigor of artemisia rupestris seedling for seed reservation in the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months each year by using an excellent variety of artemisia rupestris as seeds;
s2, applying a base fertilizer and preparing soil. Applying a base fertilizer before sowing in the last ten days of 7 months to 8 months and preparing soil; making wide flat furrows (for later canopy covering), and installing drip irrigation belts (pipes) between the furrows;
s3, preparing a seeding stem section of the Yangxin artemisia rupestris. Selecting strong and disease and insect-harmless mature Yangxin huhao stems as propagation materials, removing tender tops and roots of the Yangxin huhao stems by using alcohol-sterilized garden pruning shears, and shearing the stems into stem segments;
s4, sowing stem segments. Sowing stem segments in the middle and 8 months; the sowing quantity of the stem segments is 35-40/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the After sowing, shallow tillage is carried out by a rotary cultivator for 1 time, and water is irrigated once by drip irrigation, so that the furrow surface is wet and water is not needed; after the furrow surface is air-dried, herbicide is used for sealing and preventing grass before germination; if in rainy days, the water stain is timely removed;
s5, seedling lifting and root promotion. 7-10 days after sowing, combining transplanting thinning, manual weeding, adding Shi Dimiao fertilizer for 1 time, dressing for 1 time after half a month, and then dripping rooting fertilizer to promote root;
s6: cutting and root-retaining regeneration. Harvesting and crushing the Yangxin tarragon growing in the field in a field-like manner (close to the furrow surface) by using a straw harvesting crusher in the middle and upper ten days of 11 months, uniformly distributing the Yangxin tarragon on the furrow surface, and keeping the root and stem parts of plants complete;
s7: promoting germination and seedling lifting. Drip irrigation with NAA 0.01-0.05mg/kg+6-BA 0.05-0.1mg/kg water solution to promote rhizome germination; and broadcasting seedling fertilizer when the length of the new buds emitted by 70-80% of the rootstock parts is about 3-5 cm.
S8, covering the shed. In the middle and late 11 months, the temperature at night is lower than 10 ℃ or before frost, a greenhouse film is buckled, the temperature in the sunshade is controlled at 20-25 ℃, and when the temperature at noon is high, the greenhouse doors at the two ends are opened for ventilation.
S10: harvesting. In the middle and the last ten days of 12 months, when the vast majority of tender stems of artemisia selengensis are 15-25cm long, top heart leaves are not unfolded and the color is light green, the tender stems of the furrow surfaces are harvested at one time close to the furrow surfaces.
According to the scheme, the stem segment of S3 is a Yangxin artemisia rupestris stem segment with 2-3 knots and 3-5cm long.
According to the scheme, the depth of the coulter for shallow tillage for 1 time in the step S4 is 4-7cm.
According to the scheme, the base fertilizer applied in the step S2 is as follows: applying 1200-1500kg of chicken manure organic fertilizer and 80-100kg of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer per mu.
According to the scheme, the soil preparation in the step S2 is carried out by deep tillage for 1 time by using a rotary cultivator, and the depth of a coulter is 7-10cm.
According to the scheme, the width of the wide flat furrow in the step S2 is 10 meters.
According to the scheme, the seedling lifting fertilizer in the step S5 is as follows: 20-25 kg/mu of compound fertilizer and 25-30 kg/mu of fertilizer.
According to the scheme, the drip application root promoting fertilizer in the step S5 is as follows: 10-15kg of water-soluble rooting fertilizer root fertilizer is added with 1200-1500kg of water for each mu, and the mixture is uniformly stirred and then is dripped along with a drip irrigation belt. According to the scheme, the seedling lifting fertilizer in S7 is as follows: 20-25 kg/mu of urea and 25-30 kg/mu of compound fertilizer are applied each time.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the existing cutting propagation method, the direct seeding propagation method of the Yangxin artemisia huashi bud stem segment has the following obvious advantages:
1. the root system is developed. By adopting the invention, adventitious roots sent out by the stem sections of the artemisia selengensis grow robustly and are white in color, and the number of the adventitious roots is large (figure 1-B, left picture), and 8.15 adventitious roots are planted flatly. The number of the plant is increased by 71.7 percent compared with the number of adventitious roots of the cutting propagation strain.
2. The labor cost is low. Compared with cutting propagation, the method for directly seeding and propagating the Yangxin tarragon saves 233.3 yuan per mu, and saves 70% of cost on average.
3. The yield is increased. The yield per mu is increased by 260kg and 17.7%.
4. The operation is simple. By adopting the method for directly seeding and breeding the Yangxin tarragon, no special training is needed, and ordinary farmers can operate the method skillfully.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a direct seeding and cutting propagation of a white adventitious root control of a artemisia argyi stem section, wherein: FIG. 1-B (left panel) shows the direct seeding propagation of the white adventitious roots of the stems of Yangxin Hu Artemisia princeps; FIG. 1-A (right panel) cutting propagation of white adventitious roots of Artemisia annua cuttings.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention further, but are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples 1 to 3
In 2015-2017, selecting a artemia field with continuous cropping for 3 years as a direct seeding propagation test field, and planting a Yangxin lake artemia white stalk early maturing variety; the control adopts cutting propagation, and the direct seeding and cutting area are respectively 10 mu. Applying 1200kg of chicken manure organic fertilizer and 80kg of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer to each mu in late 7 months, and then carrying out rotary tillage for 1 time by using a rotary cultivator, wherein the depth of a coulter is 7cm; making a flat furrow with the width of 10 meters, and installing drip irrigation belts between the furrows; selecting strong and healthy Yangxin artemisia huashi mature stems without the harm of diseases and insects, and cutting the stems into stem sections with 2 knots and 3cm length; sowing in the last ten days of 8 months, wherein the sowing amount of the stem sections is 35 pieces/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Immediately after sowing, shallow tillage is carried out for 1 time by a rotary cultivator, the depth of a coulter is 4cm, and then water is poured once by a drip irrigation belt, so that the furrow surface is wet and water is not needed; after the furrow surfaces are air-dried, 60ml of 72% Duer is used for sealing and preventing grass before budding; after 7 days of sowing, shi Dimiao fertilizer is applied for 1 time, and after half a month, additional application is carried out for 1 time, and 20 kg/mu of urea and 25 kg/mu of compound fertilizer are applied each time; 10kg of water-soluble root per mu is added with 1500kg of water and stirred uniformly, and the root is promoted by drip irrigation; harvesting and crushing the Yangxin huhao plants in the last ten days of 11 months by using a straw harvesting crusher, so that the plants are uniformly distributed on the furrow surface, and the root parts of the plants are kept complete; drip irrigation with 1500kg of "NAA0.01mg/kg+6-BA 0.05mg/kg" aqueous solution until 70%When the length of the new buds sent out by the root parts is about 3cm, applying 25kg of urea and 30kg of compound fertilizer to each mu for seedling lifting; in the middle ten days of 11 months, when the night air temperature is lower than 10 ℃, covering a greenhouse film, controlling the temperature in the sunshade to be 20-25 ℃, and opening two greenhouse doors for ventilation when the midday air temperature is high; harvesting all tender stems in the middle 12 th ten days when the tender stems are 15-25cm long. The beneficial effects of examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 beneficial effects of direct seeding propagation of early maturing varieties of Yangxin Hu Artemisia
Note that: 1.5 cuttage works per mu; and (5) carrying out direct seeding rotary tillage for 1 time.
Examples 4 to 6
In 2015-2017, selecting a field of artemisia for 3 years as a direct seeding test field, and planting a medium-maturing variety of the green stalk of the artemisia anomala in Yangxin lake; the control adopts cutting propagation, and the direct seeding and cutting area are respectively 10 mu. Applying 1500kg of chicken manure organic fertilizer and 100kg of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer to each mu in late 7 months, and then carrying out rotary tillage for 1 time by using a rotary cultivator, wherein the depth of a coulter is 10cm; making a flat furrow with the width of 10 meters, and installing drip irrigation belts between the furrows; selecting strong and healthy Yangxin artemisia huashi mature stems without the harm of diseases and insects, and cutting the stems into stem sections with 3 knots and 5cm length; sowing in the last ten days of 8 months, wherein the sowing amount of the stem sections is 40 pieces/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Immediately after sowing, shallow tillage is carried out for 1 time by a rotary cultivator, the depth of a coulter is 7cm, and then water is poured once by a drip irrigation belt, so that the furrow surface is wet and water is not needed; after the furrow surfaces are air-dried, 60ml of 72% Duer is used for sealing and preventing grass before budding; 10 days after sowing, shi Dimiao fertilizer is applied for 1 time, and 1 time is applied after half a month, and each time urea is applied for 25 kg/mu, and compound fertilizer is applied for 30 kg/mu; 15kg of water-soluble root treasures per mu are added with 1500kg of water and stirred uniformly, and the root is promoted by dripping; harvesting and crushing plants in the last ten days of 11 months by using a straw harvesting and crushing machine, so that the plants are uniformly distributed on the furrow surface, and the root parts of the plants are kept complete; drip irrigation with 1500kg"NAA 0.01mg/kg+6-BA0.05mg/kg' aqueous solution, and applying urea 25kg and compound fertilizer 30kg for seedling per mu when more than 80% of the buds grow to about 3 cm; in the next ten days of 11 months, when the temperature at night is lower than 10 ℃, covering a canopy film, and controlling the temperature in the canopyOpening two greenhouse doors for ventilation when the midday air temperature is high at 20-25 ℃; and in the last ten days of 12 months, when the tender stem is 15-25cm long, harvesting the tender stem at one time close to the furrow surface. The beneficial effects of examples 4-6 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 beneficial effects of direct seeding propagation of mature variety in green straw of Yangxin lake artemisia
Note that: 1.5 cuttage works per mu; and (5) carrying out direct seeding rotary tillage for 1 time.
Comprehensive examples 1-6 show (see Table 3) that compared with a cutting propagation method, the method for propagating the Yangxin huhao has the advantages that the number of adventitious roots of the plant level is increased by 71.7%, the cost is saved by 70% for acre level, and the yield is increased by 17.7%.
Table 3 examples 1-6 beneficial effects of the invention
It is apparent that the above examples are only examples given for clarity of illustration and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And thus obvious variations or modifications to the disclosure are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The direct seeding propagation method of the Yangxin artemisia huashi is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
s1: seed selection and seed reserving: selecting a field block with rich soil and excellent growth vigor of artemisia rupestris seedling for seed reservation in the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months each year by using an excellent variety of artemisia rupestris as seeds;
s2: applying base fertilizer and preparing land: applying base fertilizer and preparing land in the last ten days of 7 to 8 months before sowing; making wide and flat furrows, and installing drip irrigation belts between the furrows;
s3: preparing Yangxin artemisia argyi stems: selecting strong and disease and insect-harmless mature Yangxin huhao stems as propagation materials, removing tender tips and rhizome parts of the Yangxin huhao stems by using alcohol-sterilized garden pruning shears, and shearing the stems into stem segments for later use; the stem segment is a Yangxin artemisia rupestris stem segment with the length of 3-5cm and 2-3 knots;
s4: sowing stem segments: sowing stem segments in the middle and 8 months; the sowing quantity of the stem segments is 35-40/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the After sowing, shallow tillage is carried out for 1 time by a rotary cultivator, then water is irrigated once by drip irrigation, and the furrow surface is moist and cannot meet water; after the furrow surface is air-dried, herbicide is used for sealing and preventing grass before germination;
s5: seedling lifting and root promotion: 7-10 days after sowing, combining transplanting thinning and manual weeding, dressing Shi Dimiao fertilizer for 1 time, and dressing for 1 time after half a month; then, drip-applying rooting fertilizer by using a drip irrigation belt to promote roots; the seedling lifting fertilizer comprises the following components: urea 20-25 kg/mu, compound fertilizer 25-30 kg/mu; the root growth promotion by drip application of the root fertilizer comprises the following steps: adding 10-15kg of water-soluble rhizopus chinensis per mu with 1200-1500kg of water, stirring uniformly, and dripping with a drip irrigation belt;
s6: cutting and root-leaving regeneration in a uniform way: harvesting and crushing the Yangxin tarragon growing in the field by a straw harvesting crusher in the middle and upper ten days of 11 months, uniformly broadcasting the Yangxin tarragon on the furrow surface, and keeping the root and stem parts of the Yangxin tarragon complete;
s7: promoting bud and seedling: s6, drip irrigation is carried out by using an aqueous solution containing NAA of 0.01-0.05mg/kg and BA of 0.05-0.1mg/kg, so as to promote the germination of the roots and stems of the Yangxin artemisia rupestris; when the length of a new bud sent out by 70-80% of the root of the Yangxin huhao is 3-5cm, the Shi Dimiao fertilizer is applied to lift seedlings;
s8, covering a shed: in the middle and the last ten days of 11 months, the night air temperature is lower than 10 ℃ or before frost, a greenhouse film is buckled, the temperature in the sunshade and the canopy is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, and when the noon air temperature is high, two greenhouse doors are opened for ventilation;
s9: harvesting: and in the middle and late days of 12 months, when the vast majority of the tender stems of the Yangxin huhao have the height of 15-25cm and the top cardiac leaves are not unfolded and are light green, all the Yangxin huhao on the furrow surface is harvested at one time.
2. The living broadcast propagation method of Yangxin lake artemisia according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S4, shallow ploughing for 1 time, wherein the depth of the coulter is 4-7cm.
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| CN103333001B (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-09-17 | 武汉荷香源农业发展有限公司 | Nutrient soil for cultivating artemisia selengensis and artemisia selengensis cultivation method |
| CN104641892A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-27 | 陈寿福 | Method for planting artemisia selengensis in cutting way |
| JP6704105B2 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2020-06-03 | 株式会社山正 | Cultivation method of Artemisia |
| CN106538201B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2020-01-07 | 浠水县冬容蔬菜专业合作社 | Planting method of artemisia selengensis |
| CN107787772A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-13 | 江西省岚鑫农业发展有限公司 | A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis |
| CN108401808A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-17 | 武汉市农业科学院 | Greenhouse watermelon and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method |
| CN108353737A (en) * | 2018-01-28 | 2018-08-03 | 武汉市农业科学院 | A kind of Melon-artemisia selengensis cultural method |
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