CN107787772A - A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis - Google Patents

A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis Download PDF

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CN107787772A
CN107787772A CN201711014666.2A CN201711014666A CN107787772A CN 107787772 A CN107787772 A CN 107787772A CN 201711014666 A CN201711014666 A CN 201711014666A CN 107787772 A CN107787772 A CN 107787772A
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artemisia selengensis
fertilizer
stem
mixed
eggplant
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万小保
孔祥磊
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Jiangxi Lan Xin Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Jiangxi Lan Xin Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N41/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
    • A01N41/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/16Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis, comprise the following steps:1) soil cloth fertilizer;2) eggplant is planted;3) soil fertility quality;4) fertilizer ferments;5) secondary cloth fertilizer;6) cuttage seedling;7) top dressing;8) harvest.The present invention can significantly improve the yield of coming year artemisia selengensis, artemisia selengensis is per per mu yield than not using the method for first plant eggplant to improve 20%~30% by the first training cultivation one season eggplant before artemisia selengensis is planted;And remaining, stem and leaf can be used for adjusting fertilizer after eggplant picking fruit, reduce the wasting of resources while optimizing composite fertilizer.

Description

A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis
Technical field
The present invention relates to the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of proportion of crop planting technical field, more particularly to a kind of artemisia selengensis.
Background technology
Artemisia selengensis category composite family herbaceos perennial, the wormwood artemisia that also known as withers, reed wormwood artemisia, its seedling tender stem and underground pedicel are edible.Because of tool Have uniqueness flavor, Poyang Lake Area edible wild herbs artemisia selengensis and it is very popular, be listed in state banquet dish.Poyang Lake artemisia selengensis contains abundant meals It is high to eat fiber, protein, vitamin and abundant trace element, nutritive value.Therefore artemisia selengensis is that a kind of edibility is high Vegetables.Moreover, artemisia selengensis also has very high medical value.Artemisia selengensis herb can be used as medicine, clearing lung-heat antibechic, soothing the liver suppression fire, benefit Gas promoting blood circulation and other effects.Animal and human experiment experimental studies results show:The extract of Wild Artemisia selengensis have to hypertension it is slow and Lasting antihypertensive effect, and have no adverse reaction, it is the ideal medicament of senile hypertension treatment.The extract of artemisia selengensis also has anti- The function of cancer cell and virus.Its extract can significantly inhibit the growth of hepatoma cell strain and mouse colon cancer cell.In artemisia selengensis body Alkaloid can effectively suppress hepatitis type B virus, be a kind of low toxicity, the potential drug of cheap treatment hepatitis B.In artemisia selengensis Triterpenoid containing protect liver and antibacterial action and antioxidation flavone compound, are naturals, antibacterial Agent.
The cultural technigue of artemisia selengensis generally comprises:1) cuttage and seedling culture;At the beginning of 5 months by the end of April, take the artemisia selengensis aerial stem of plant, erase Middle and lower part blade, be cut into 10~15cm cutting, by spacing in the rows 5cm, line-spacing 10cm density cuttage in seedling shed, insert after strengthen fertilizer Water management, plant is promoted to grow vigorously, to obtain healthy and strong kind bar.2) site preparation and fertilization;Selection irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil property is fertile Sand is cultivated, and imposes organic fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer.3) field planting in good time;It is usually rainy season at the beginning of 7 months by the end of June, cutting is easy Take root rudiment, be the good season of cuttage transplanting.Artemisia selengensis in nursery is uprooped, wiping out subterranean stem (can also make cutting With), pinch and remove tender point, erase blade, be cut into a length of 10~15cm cutting, trench digging cuttage field planting.4) field management;Crop field skewer After inserting field planting, it should be noted that pour water, keep ground moistening, hestening rooting rudiment.Top dressing 1~2 time after rooting of cuttings, after top dressing immediately Pour water.Wild Artemisia selengensis wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, typically endangered without disease pest, if at high temperature and rainy season or improper ventilation, easily Infect powdery mildew, Protectorate cultivation artemisia selengensis, it should be noted that preventing and treating gray mold, carbendazim and Bravo spraying preventing and treating can be used.5) it is layered Harvesting;2 months late October to next years, take subterranean stem with spade or rake, sale can be listed by cleaning the soil of rhizome.
Although the nonirrigated farmland planting technology of current artemisia selengensis is more ripe, the problem of many is still had, such as:1、 Fertilizer selects or improper fertilization causes artemisia selengensis yield relatively low;2nd, the abuse of herbicide or insecticide cause in artemisia selengensis harmful substance or Content of beary metal is higher, endangers the health of eater;3rd, the improper height for causing artemisia selengensis tender stem of Cultivate administration and thickness all very littles, It is poor quality.
The content of the invention
Based on above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention optimizes the species of fertilizer on the basis of traditional artemisia selengensis plantation technique And fertilization mode, the artemisia selengensis yield under unit cultivated area is improved, artemisia selengensis profile quality significantly improves;Reasonable employment removes simultaneously Careless agent or insecticide, reduce the content of heavy metal or toxin in artemisia selengensis.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis, including it is following Step:
1) soil cloth fertilizer:Select the flat plantation field of physical features, first by field soil scarifying, then by chicken manure and pig manure in mass ratio 3~ 5:1 mixing, is applied on the field soil of renovation, dose is 3~5kg/m2, site preparation bedding after fertilising;
2) eggplant is planted:Between 8~September, under the weather that 20~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, eggplant kind is sowed in plantation field, eggplant Eggplant fruit is harvested after maturation, retains eggplant root, stem and leaf, eggplant root, stem and leaf is dried standby;
3) soil fertility quality:By not decomposed pig manure and biogas slurry according to mass ratio 5~7:10 ratio mixing, after being dried described in Eggplant root, stem and leaf chopping, be mixed into above-mentioned pig manure and the mixture of biogas slurry, then into mixture add composite fibre enzyme and The mixed enzyme of pectase forms mixed fertilizer, and the addition of the mixed enzyme is the 2%~5% of mixture quality, after addition fully Mix thoroughly;
4) fertilizer ferments:Above-mentioned mixed fertilizer is fermented 3~5 days under 30~40 DEG C of environment, then added into mixed fertilizer Em bacterium solutions, continue fermentation more than 10 days, fermentation accelerant, the fermentation are added into mixed fertilizer before 3~5 days of fermentation ends Accelerator is PAA and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate salt-mixture;
5) secondary cloth fertilizer:To the plantation field scarifying again for having planted eggplant, scarifying depth is 20~30cm, by institute State the mixed fertilizer after fermentation and calcium magnesium phosphate, urea are well mixed charity on the soil of scarifying field, dose is 3~5kg/m2
6) cuttage seedling:Under 15~30 DEG C of climatic environment of mid-June to early July, take the artemisia selengensis on seed-plot, win Artemisia selengensis leaf, removes top and the part of root lignifying, 15~25cm stem section in the middle part of interception artemisia selengensis stem, be immersed in dimehypo and 4~6 minutes in the dilute decoction of Hostathion desinsection, artemisia selengensis stem section is cleaned after immersion, cuttage is on the field soil after secondary cloth fertilizer, artemisia selengensis Stem basset 1/4~1/3 stem length;
7) top dressing:Fully watered after cuttage, it is after watering 2~3 times, two weeks in each week that the mixed fertilizer after the fermentation is dilute Carry out top dressing is released, after top dressing and two to three is all, applies ammonium nitrate fertilizer shape root, Fertilizer application amount is 0.3~0.5kg/ m2, to fertilize Fully watering afterwards;
8) harvest:The January in next year artemisia selengensis is carried out cutting bar listing, cut the artemisia selengensis stem newly grown after bar and give over to next batch kind Cuttage seedling during plant.
Further, in the step 3), eggplant root, stem and the leaf dried after shredding is mixed into the mass ratio of mixture For:
Eggplant root, stem and leaf powder:Mixture=10~20:100.
Further, in the mixed enzyme, the mass ratio of composite fibre enzyme and pectase is 1:1.
Further, the mass ratio of PAA and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 2~4 in the fermentation accelerant:1, fermentation promotees The addition for entering agent is the 1%~2% of mixture quality, and the addition of the em bacterium solutions is 1 ‰~the 5 ‰ of mixture quality.
Further, the em bacterium solutions do activation process before addition, are the step of the activation process:
1st, peptone, sodium glutamate and butylated hydroxy anisole complex medium, the peptone, sodium glutamate and butyl are prepared The mass ratio of BHA is 40~50:1:1;
2nd, em bacterium solutions are added in the complex medium to cultivate 3~5 days and carries out activation process, the em bacterium solutions addition is multiple Close the 5%~10% of culture medium quality;
3rd, the em bacterium solutions after above-mentioned activation process and complex medium are added by 1 ‰~the 5 ‰ of the mixed fertilizer quality mixed In the material of Hefei.
Further, in the step 5), in the secondary fat material of cloth, mixed fertilizer:Calcium magnesium phosphate:The mass ratio of urea is 6~8:1:1.
Further, the total concentration of insecticide is 10% in the dilute decoction of dimehypo and Hostathion desinsection, desinsection in decoction The double and mol ratio of Hostathion is 1:3~5, the artemisia selengensis stem after dimehypo and the immersion of Hostathion desinsection dilute decoction first uses pyrophosphate Solution soaks more than 10min, is then cleaned again with clear water.
Further, the pyrophosphate is sodium pyrophosphate or potassium pyrophosphate, the mass percentage concentration of pyrophosphate solution ≤10%。
Further, in the step 7), mixed fertilizer thinner ratio used in top dressing is mixed fertilizer quality:Water is 1:8~ 10。
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, it is an advantage of the invention that:
1. experiment is found, by first training one season of cultivation eggplant before artemisia selengensis is planted, the yield of coming year artemisia selengensis, lamb's-quarters can be significantly improved The method that wormwood artemisia first plants eggplant per per mu yield than not using improves 20%~30%;And remaining after eggplant picking fruit, stem and Leaf can be used for adjusting fertilizer, reduce the wasting of resources while optimizing composite fertilizer.
2. crops are applied fertilizer using organic and chemical fertilizer material mixed composite fertilizer mostly in the prior art, but It is on the one hand existing fertilizer pollutes greatly, smell weight when decomposed, on the other hand often because fermentation not exclusively causes a large amount of fertilizer Material can not be absorbed by plants and be lost in.The present invention remains the organic fertilizer of root, stem and leaf mixed universal using the eggplant of prior year plantation Material is fermented, and optimizes the performance of fertilizer, while introduce fermentation accelerant during the fermentation so that the fermentation of organic fertilizer It is more complete.Using the organic fertilizer mixing inorganic fertilizer after optimization of the present invention, compared to untreated organic fertilizer, energy The growth of artemisia selengensis is advantageously promoted, the artemisia selengensis height and stem diameter of plantation are significantly increased.
3. it has been found that using the em bacterium solutions processing fermentation mixed fertilizer directly bought, if dosage is too small, fermentation Foul smell improves unobvious, and foul smell is with making moderate progress but cost is too high if dosage is too many, therefore the present invention passes through in addition bacterium Activation process is done to bacterium solution before liquid, in the case of by activation process, using a small amount of em bacterium solutions with regard to fermentation odor can be contained, Reduce environment maintenance cost.
4. soaking artemisia selengensis stem with insecticide before cuttage, the insects such as borer in artemisia selengensis can be effectively killed, when following The problem of be insecticide and interior toxin is easily remained in artemisia selengensis stem, cause the artemisia selengensis harmful substance contents of harvesting exceeded, it is single The pure harmful substance for being difficult to remove dialysis inside artemisia selengensis using clear water immersion.This promotes lamb's-quarters using pyrophosphate immersion artemisia selengensis Wormwood artemisia stem separates out insecticide toxin so that artemisia selengensis agricultural product qualification rate improves.
Embodiment
Using Jiangxi Poyang County as nonirrigated farmland artemisia selengensis planting experiment, lamb's-quarters is obtained according to following embodiment methods or comparative example method Wormwood artemisia crop sample, calculates artemisia selengensis yield, Pd, Cd content measuring in the shape size of artemisia selengensis and artemisia selengensis, and method is as follows:
Artemisia selengensis yield:With 10m2Field is unit, collects the artemisia selengensis crop in field, removes artemisia selengensis leaf, the wood slightly with artemisia selengensis stem Matter part obtains artemisia selengensis tender stem, then cleans artemisia selengensis tender stem clear water and weighs, and the artemisia selengensis yield in unit of account area is single Position is designated as kg/ m2
The shape size of artemisia selengensis:The rugosity and tender stem moisture content of height, tender stem including the tender stem, the height of the tender stem Degree is measured with leather measuring tape, and 100 tender stems of measurement calculate average values in the same same field of batch, data be designated as average value+ Maximum deflection difference value;The rugosity of tender stem is measured with slide measure, and 100 tender stems of measurement calculate flat in the same same field of batch Average, data are designated as average value+maximum deflection difference value;Tender stem water cut test method is:By the artemisia selengensis tender stem be put into baking oven in 100 DEG C of fixing 20min, are dried to constant weight being put into 70 DEG C of drying box, its dry weight, tender stem moisture content are determined with electronic balance =[(fresh weight-dry weight)/fresh weight] × 100%.100 tender stems of measurement calculate average value in the same field of the same batch of moisture content.
Pd, Cd content measuring in artemisia selengensis:Pd, Cd content measuring refer to Hua Zhong Agriculture University's Master's thesis in artemisia selengensis《It is different The research of influence and the artemisia selengensis soil continuous cropping obstacle origin cause of formation of the soil fertility quality to artemisia selengensis quality》, i.e. reference《The measure of Pb in food GB/T5009.12-2003》And《The measure GB/T5009.15-2003 of cadmium in foods》, weigh artemisia selengensis dry sample(Cross 20 mesh sieves)In In digest tube, add 10mL mixed acid(Nitric acid:Perchloric acid=4:1), soaked overnight is capped, is cleared up 2 hours for 120 DEG C on electric furnace, if Become brownish black, then add mixed acid, gradually rise furnace temperature, vapor away most of perchloric acid until emitting white cigarette, add per hour 2mL hydrogen peroxide, until digestive juice be in water white transparency or yellowish, closing electric furnace, digest tube natural cooling, digestive juice filter into In 20mL centrifuge tubes, with ultra-pure water constant volume, mix standby;Carry out whole reagent blank control simultaneously.Most inhaled after NITRATE BY FLAME ATOMIC Receive the content that Pb and Cd is determined on spectrometer.
It is described in detail with reference to embodiment:
Embodiment 1
A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis, comprise the following steps:
1) soil cloth fertilizer:The flat plantation field of physical features is selected, first by field soil scarifying, then by chicken manure and pig manure in mass ratio 3:1 Mixing, is applied on the field soil of renovation, dose 3kg/m2, site preparation bedding after fertilising;
2) eggplant is planted:Late August, under the weather that 20~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, eggplant kind is sowed in plantation field, eggplant Eggplant fruit is harvested after maturation, retains eggplant root, stem and leaf, eggplant root, stem and leaf is dried standby;
3) soil fertility quality:By not decomposed pig manure and biogas slurry according to mass ratio 5:10 ratio mixing, the eggplant after described dry Sub- root, stem and leaf chopping, are mixed into above-mentioned pig manure and the mixture of biogas slurry, then composite fibre enzyme and pectin are added into mixture The mixed enzyme of enzyme forms mixed fertilizer, and the mass ratio that eggplant root, stem and the leaf dried after shredding is mixed into mixture is:
Eggplant root, stem and leaf powder:Mixture=10:100,
In the mixed enzyme, the mass ratio of composite fibre enzyme and pectase is 1:1, the addition of mixed enzyme is mixture quality 5%, fully mixed thoroughly after addition;
4) fertilizer ferments:Above-mentioned mixed fertilizer is fermented 3 days under 30~40 DEG C of environment, em is then added into mixed fertilizer Bacterium solution, continue fermentation 10 days, the addition of the em bacterium solutions is the 3 ‰ of mixture quality, to mixed fertilizer before 3 days of fermentation ends Fermentation accelerant is added in material, the fermentation accelerant is PAA and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate salt-mixture, PAA and phosphoric acid The mass ratio of hydrogen dipotassium is 2:1, the addition of fermentation accelerant is the 1% of mixture quality;
5) secondary cloth fertilizer:To the plantation field scarifying again for having planted eggplant, scarifying depth is 20~30cm, by institute State the mixed fertilizer after fermentation and calcium magnesium phosphate, urea are well mixed charity on the soil of scarifying field, dose is 3~5kg/m2; Wherein, mixed fertilizer:Calcium magnesium phosphate:The mass ratio of urea is 6:1:1;
6) cuttage seedling:Between mid-June, under 15~30 DEG C of climatic environment, take the artemisia selengensis on seed-plot, win artemisia selengensis Leaf, top and the part of root lignifying are removed, interception artemisia selengensis stem 15~25cm of middle part stem section, is immersed in dimehypo and triazole 5 minutes in the dilute decoction of phosphorus desinsection, wherein the total concentration of insecticide is 10% in the dimehypo and the dilute decoction of Hostathion desinsection, medicine The mol ratio of dimehypo and Hostathion is 1 in liquid:3, artemisia selengensis stem section is cleaned after immersion, field soil of the cuttage after secondary cloth fertilizer On, artemisia selengensis stem basset 1/4~1/3 stem length;
7) top dressing:Fully watered after cuttage, it is after watering 2~3 times, two weeks in each week that the mixed fertilizer after the fermentation is dilute Carry out top dressing is released, mixed fertilizer thinner ratio is mixed fertilizer quality:Water is 1:8, after top dressing and two to three is all, applies ammonium nitrate fertilizer Shape root, Fertilizer application amount are 0.3kg/ m2, rear fully watering to fertilize;
8) harvest:The January in next year artemisia selengensis is carried out cutting bar listing, cut the artemisia selengensis stem newly grown after bar and give over to next batch kind Cuttage seedling during plant.
Harvested artemisia selengensis removes artemisia selengensis leaf, the lignifying part slightly with artemisia selengensis stem obtains artemisia selengensis tender stem, is designated as embodiment 1 Group, 1 group of artemisia selengensis tender stem of embodiment is cleaned with clear water, obtain artemisia selengensis yield, the shape size of artemisia selengensis and lamb's-quarters as stated above Pd, Cd content measuring in wormwood artemisia, its result is as shown in table 1, table 2.
Embodiment 2
A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis, comprise the following steps:
1) soil cloth fertilizer:The flat plantation field of physical features is selected, first by field soil scarifying, then by chicken manure and pig manure in mass ratio 5:1 Mixing, is applied on the field soil of renovation, dose 5kg/m2, site preparation bedding after fertilising;
2) eggplant is planted:Early September, under the weather that 20~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, eggplant kind is sowed in plantation field, eggplant Eggplant fruit is harvested after maturation, retains eggplant root, stem and leaf, eggplant root, stem and leaf is dried standby;
3) soil fertility quality:By not decomposed pig manure and biogas slurry according to mass ratio 6:10 ratio mixing, the eggplant after described dry Sub- root, stem and leaf chopping, are mixed into above-mentioned pig manure and the mixture of biogas slurry, then composite fibre enzyme and pectin are added into mixture The mixed enzyme of enzyme forms mixed fertilizer, and the mass ratio that eggplant root, stem and the leaf dried after shredding is mixed into mixture is:
Eggplant root, stem and leaf powder:Mixture=20:100,
In the mixed enzyme, the mass ratio of composite fibre enzyme and pectase is 1:1, the addition of mixed enzyme is mixture quality 5%, fully mixed thoroughly after addition;
4) fertilizer ferments:Above-mentioned mixed fertilizer is fermented 3 days under 30~40 DEG C of environment, em is then added into mixed fertilizer Bacterium solution, continue fermentation 10 days, the addition of the em bacterium solutions is the 5 ‰ of mixture quality, to mixed fertilizer before 4 days of fermentation ends Fermentation accelerant is added in material, the fermentation accelerant is PAA and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate salt-mixture, PAA and phosphoric acid The mass ratio of hydrogen dipotassium is 4:1, the addition of fermentation accelerant is the 1%~2% of mixture quality;
5) secondary cloth fertilizer:To the plantation field scarifying again for having planted eggplant, scarifying depth is 20~30cm, by institute State the mixed fertilizer after fermentation and calcium magnesium phosphate, urea are well mixed charity on the soil of scarifying field, dose 5kg/m2;Its In, mixed fertilizer:Calcium magnesium phosphate:The mass ratio of urea is 6:1:1;
6) cuttage seedling:Under 15~30 DEG C of climatic environment of early July, take the artemisia selengensis on seed-plot, win artemisia selengensis leaf, go Except top and the part of root lignifying, interception artemisia selengensis stem 15~25cm of middle part stem section, it is immersed in dimehypo and Hostathion kills 6 minutes in the dilute decoction of worm, wherein the total concentration of insecticide is 10% in the dimehypo and the dilute decoction of Hostathion desinsection, in decoction The mol ratio of dimehypo and Hostathion is 1:5, artemisia selengensis stem section is cleaned after immersion, cuttage is on the field soil after secondary cloth fertilizer, lamb's-quarters Wormwood artemisia stem basset 1/4~1/3 stem length;
7) top dressing:Fully watered after cuttage, it is after watering 2~3 times, two weeks in each week that the mixed fertilizer after the fermentation is dilute Carry out top dressing is released, mixed fertilizer thinner ratio is mixed fertilizer quality:Water is 1:10, after top dressing and two to three is all, applies ammonium nitrate Fertile shape root, Fertilizer application amount are 0.5kg/ m2, rear fully watering to fertilize;
8) harvest:The January in next year artemisia selengensis is carried out cutting bar listing, cut the artemisia selengensis stem newly grown after bar and give over to next batch kind Cuttage seedling during plant.
Harvested artemisia selengensis removes artemisia selengensis leaf, the lignifying part slightly with artemisia selengensis stem obtains artemisia selengensis tender stem, is designated as embodiment 2 Group, 2 groups of artemisia selengensis tender stem of embodiment is cleaned with clear water, obtain artemisia selengensis yield, the shape size of artemisia selengensis and lamb's-quarters as stated above Pd, Cd content measuring in wormwood artemisia, its result is as shown in table 1, table 2.
Embodiment 3
A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis, comprise the following steps:
1) soil cloth fertilizer:The flat plantation field of physical features is selected, first by field soil scarifying, then by chicken manure and pig manure in mass ratio 4:1 Mixing, is applied on the field soil of renovation, dose 5kg/m2, site preparation bedding after fertilising;
2) eggplant is planted:Early September, under the weather that 20~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, eggplant kind is sowed in plantation field, eggplant Eggplant fruit is harvested after maturation, retains eggplant root, stem and leaf, eggplant root, stem and leaf is dried standby;
3) soil fertility quality:By not decomposed pig manure and biogas slurry according to mass ratio 7:10 ratio mixing, the eggplant after described dry Sub- root, stem and leaf chopping, are mixed into above-mentioned pig manure and the mixture of biogas slurry, then composite fibre enzyme and pectin are added into mixture The mixed enzyme of enzyme forms mixed fertilizer, and the mass ratio that eggplant root, stem and the leaf dried after shredding is mixed into mixture is:
Eggplant root, stem and leaf powder:Mixture=18:100,
In the mixed enzyme, the mass ratio of composite fibre enzyme and pectase is 1:1, the addition of mixed enzyme is mixture quality 2%, fully mixed thoroughly after addition;
4) fertilizer ferments:Above-mentioned mixed fertilizer is fermented 5 days under 30~40 DEG C of environment, em is then added into mixed fertilizer Bacterium solution, continue fermentation 10 days, the addition of the em bacterium solutions is the 3 ‰ of mixture quality, to mixed before 3~5 days of fermentation ends Add fermentation accelerant in the material of Hefei, the fermentation accelerant be PAA and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate salt-mixture, PAA with The mass ratio of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 4:1, the addition of fermentation accelerant is the 1% of mixture quality;
5) secondary cloth fertilizer:To the plantation field scarifying again for having planted eggplant, scarifying depth is 20~30cm, by institute State the mixed fertilizer after fermentation and calcium magnesium phosphate, urea are well mixed charity on the soil of scarifying field, dose 5kg/m2;Its In, mixed fertilizer:Calcium magnesium phosphate:The mass ratio of urea is 8:1:1;
6) cuttage seedling:Under mid-June 15~30 DEG C of climatic environment, take the artemisia selengensis on seed-plot, win artemisia selengensis leaf, go Except top and the part of root lignifying, interception artemisia selengensis stem 15~25cm of middle part stem section, it is immersed in dimehypo and Hostathion kills 6 minutes in the dilute decoction of worm, wherein the total concentration of insecticide is 10% in the dimehypo and the dilute decoction of Hostathion desinsection, in decoction The mol ratio of dimehypo and Hostathion is 1:5, artemisia selengensis stem section is cleaned after immersion, cuttage is on the field soil after secondary cloth fertilizer, lamb's-quarters Wormwood artemisia stem basset 1/4~1/3 stem length;
7) top dressing:Fully watered after cuttage, it is after watering 2~3 times, two weeks in each week that the mixed fertilizer after the fermentation is dilute Carry out top dressing is released, mixed fertilizer thinner ratio is mixed fertilizer quality:Water is 1:10, after top dressing and two to three is all, applies ammonium nitrate Fertile shape root, Fertilizer application amount are 0.5kg/ m2, rear fully watering to fertilize;
8) harvest:The January in next year artemisia selengensis is carried out cutting bar listing, cut the artemisia selengensis stem newly grown after bar and give over to next batch kind Cuttage seedling during plant.
Harvested artemisia selengensis removes artemisia selengensis leaf, the lignifying part slightly with artemisia selengensis stem obtains artemisia selengensis tender stem, is designated as embodiment 3 Group, 3 groups of artemisia selengensis tender stem of embodiment is cleaned with clear water, obtain artemisia selengensis yield, the shape size of artemisia selengensis and lamb's-quarters as stated above Pd, Cd content measuring in wormwood artemisia, its result is as shown in table 1, table 2.
Embodiment 4
A kind of nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis, comprise the following steps:
1) soil cloth fertilizer:The flat plantation field of physical features is selected, first by field soil scarifying, then by chicken manure and pig manure in mass ratio 4:1 Mixing, is applied on the field soil of renovation, dose 5kg/m2, site preparation bedding after fertilising;
2) eggplant is planted:Late August, under the weather that 20~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, eggplant kind is sowed in plantation field, eggplant Eggplant fruit is harvested after maturation, retains eggplant root, stem and leaf, eggplant root, stem and leaf is dried standby;
3) soil fertility quality:By not decomposed pig manure and biogas slurry according to mass ratio 7:10 ratio mixing, the eggplant after described dry Sub- root, stem and leaf chopping, are mixed into above-mentioned pig manure and the mixture of biogas slurry, then composite fibre enzyme and pectin are added into mixture The mixed enzyme of enzyme forms mixed fertilizer, and the mass ratio that eggplant root, stem and the leaf dried after shredding is mixed into mixture is:
Eggplant root, stem and leaf powder:Mixture=10:100,
In the mixed enzyme, the mass ratio of composite fibre enzyme and pectase is 1:1, the addition of mixed enzyme is mixture quality 4%, fully mixed thoroughly after addition;
4) fertilizer ferments:Above-mentioned mixed fertilizer is fermented 3 days under 30~40 DEG C of environment, em is then added into mixed fertilizer Bacterium solution, continue fermentation 10 days, the addition of the em bacterium solutions is the 3 ‰ of mixture quality, to mixed fertilizer before 5 days of fermentation ends Fermentation accelerant is added in material, the fermentation accelerant is PAA and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate salt-mixture, PAA and phosphoric acid The mass ratio of hydrogen dipotassium is 4:1, the addition of fermentation accelerant is the 2% of mixture quality;
5) secondary cloth fertilizer:To the plantation field scarifying again for having planted eggplant, scarifying depth is 20~30cm, by institute State the mixed fertilizer after fermentation and calcium magnesium phosphate, urea are well mixed charity on the soil of scarifying field, dose 3kg/m2;Its In, mixed fertilizer:Calcium magnesium phosphate:The mass ratio of urea is 6:1:1;
6) cuttage seedling:Under 15~30 DEG C of climatic environment of early July, take the artemisia selengensis on seed-plot, win artemisia selengensis leaf, go Except top and the part of root lignifying, interception artemisia selengensis stem 15~25cm of middle part stem section, it is immersed in dimehypo and Hostathion kills 4 minutes in the dilute decoction of worm, wherein the total concentration of insecticide is 10% in the dimehypo and the dilute decoction of Hostathion desinsection, in decoction The mol ratio of dimehypo and Hostathion is 1:3, artemisia selengensis stem section is cleaned after immersion, cuttage is on the field soil after secondary cloth fertilizer, lamb's-quarters Wormwood artemisia stem basset 1/4~1/3 stem length;
7) top dressing:Fully watered after cuttage, it is after watering 2~3 times, two weeks in each week that the mixed fertilizer after the fermentation is dilute Carry out top dressing is released, mixed fertilizer thinner ratio is mixed fertilizer quality:Water is 1:8, after top dressing and two to three is all, applies ammonium nitrate fertilizer Shape root, Fertilizer application amount are 0.5kg/ m2, rear fully watering to fertilize;
8) harvest:The January in next year artemisia selengensis is carried out cutting bar listing, cut the artemisia selengensis stem newly grown after bar and give over to next batch kind Cuttage seedling during plant.
Harvested artemisia selengensis removes artemisia selengensis leaf, the lignifying part slightly with artemisia selengensis stem obtains artemisia selengensis tender stem, is designated as embodiment 3 Group, 3 groups of artemisia selengensis tender stem of embodiment is cleaned with clear water, obtain artemisia selengensis yield, the shape size of artemisia selengensis and lamb's-quarters as stated above Pd, Cd content measuring in wormwood artemisia, its result is as shown in table 1, table 2.
Comparative example 1
The nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis, its method and step, planting conditions and experiment parameter value etc. and 1 complete phase of embodiment Together, it is differed only in:Eggplant is not planted in advance before plantation artemisia selengensis, i.e., makes into plant artemisia selengensis by step 2) plantation eggplant, it is used Eggplant root, the chopping powder of stem and leaf chopping is dried using eggplant root, stem and the leaf of purchase and is made, other steps and embodiment 1 is identical.Take aftercrop artemisia selengensis (because gather in for the first time is eggplant in embodiment 1, aftercrop is artemisia selengensis, And this comparative example artemisia selengensis has been gathered in twice) remove artemisia selengensis leaf, the lignifying part slightly with artemisia selengensis stem obtains artemisia selengensis tender stem, be designated as pair 1 group of ratio, 1 group of artemisia selengensis tender stem of comparative example is cleaned with clear water, obtain artemisia selengensis yield, the shape size of artemisia selengensis as stated above With Pd, Cd content measuring in artemisia selengensis, its result is as shown in table 1, table 2.
Comparative example 2
The nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis, its method and step, planting conditions and experiment parameter value etc. and 1 complete phase of embodiment Together, it is differed only in:In the fermentation of step 4) fertilizer, fermentation accelerant is not added, i.e., is used mixed fertilizer after direct fermentation Above-mentioned steps carry out secondary cloth fertilizer.The artemisia selengensis of harvesting removes artemisia selengensis leaf, the lignifying part slightly with artemisia selengensis stem obtains artemisia selengensis tender stem, 2 groups of comparative example is designated as, 2 groups of artemisia selengensis tender stem of comparative example is cleaned with clear water, obtains artemisia selengensis yield, the shape of artemisia selengensis as stated above Pd, Cd content measuring in state size and artemisia selengensis, its result is as shown in table 1, table 2.
Comparative example 3
The nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis, its method and step, planting conditions and experiment parameter value etc. and 1 complete phase of embodiment Together, it is differed only in:In step 3) soil fertility quality, by not decomposed pig manure and biogas slurry according to mass ratio 7:10 ratio is mixed Close, the mixed enzyme that composite fibre enzyme and pectase are then added directly into mixture forms mixed fertilizer, is dried without adding Eggplant root, stem and leaf chopping afterwards, other steps and embodiment 1 are identical.The artemisia selengensis of harvesting remove artemisia selengensis leaf, slightly with artemisia selengensis stem Lignifying part obtains artemisia selengensis tender stem, is designated as 3 groups of comparative example, 3 groups of artemisia selengensis tender stem of comparative example is cleaned with clear water, by above-mentioned side Pd, Cd content measuring in method acquisition artemisia selengensis yield, the shape size of artemisia selengensis and artemisia selengensis, its result is as shown in table 1, table 2.
Comparative example 4
Using the em bacterium solutions processing fermentation mixed fertilizer directly bought, if dosage is too small, fermentation odor improves unobvious, if The too many then foul smell of dosage is with making moderate progress but cost is too high.It is to verify activation process to the improvement result of fermentative smell, this contrast Example devises the experimental verification that em bacterium solutions do activation process before addition, is the step of the activation process:
1st, peptone, sodium glutamate and butylated hydroxy anisole complex medium, the peptone, sodium glutamate and butyl are prepared The mass ratio of BHA is 40:1:1;
2nd, em bacterium solutions are added in the complex medium to cultivate and carries out within 5 days activation process, the em bacterium solutions addition is compound The 8% of culture medium quality;
3rd, the em bacterium solutions after above-mentioned activation process and complex medium are added into mixed fertilizer by the 3 ‰ of the mixed fertilizer quality In.
Added after em bacterium liquid activations in mixed fertilizer, equal addition, fermentation odor are substantially changed with embodiment 1 Kind, harmful organism (such as fly) amount substantially reduces around fermentation vat, significantly improves yeasting.
The each group of table 1 tests the test value of artemisia selengensis yield, the height of tender stem, the rugosity of tender stem and moisture content
Pd, Cd relative amount in the artemisia selengensis of table 2
As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 1 are understood, pass through first training cultivation one season eggplant, energy before artemisia selengensis is planted The yield of coming year artemisia selengensis is enough significantly improved, the method that artemisia selengensis yield first plants eggplant than not using improves 29.22%;And eggplant fruit Remaining after real harvesting, stem and leaf can be used for adjusting fertilizer, reduce the wasting of resources while optimizing composite fertilizer.Contrast is implemented Example 1 and comparative example 2 are understood, introduce fermentation accelerant during the fermentation so that the fermentation of organic fertilizer is more complete so that lamb's-quarters Than not using the method for fermentation accelerant to improve 5%, the height of tender stem and the rugosity average of tender stem are significantly increased wormwood artemisia yield. Comparative example 1 and comparative example 3 understand that eggplant root, stem and leaf can strengthen fertilizer effect of composite fertilizer after enzymolysis and fermentation, The composite fertilizer after eggplant root, stem and leaf enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation is added, than the growth that conventional composite fertilizer can advantageously promote artemisia selengensis, plantation Artemisia selengensis height and stem diameter be significantly increased.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is described in detail above, for those of ordinary skill in the art, According to the thought of the embodiment of the present invention, there will be changes in specific embodiments and applications, in summary, this theory Bright book content should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (9)

1. the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) soil cloth fertilizer:Select the flat plantation field of physical features, first by field soil scarifying, then by chicken manure and pig manure in mass ratio 3~ 5:1 mixing, is applied on the field soil of renovation, dose is 3~5kg/m2, site preparation bedding after fertilising;
2) eggplant is planted:Between 8~September, under the weather that 20~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, eggplant kind is sowed in plantation field, eggplant Eggplant fruit is harvested after maturation, retains eggplant root, stem and leaf, eggplant root, stem and leaf is dried standby;
3) soil fertility quality:By not decomposed pig manure and biogas slurry according to mass ratio 5~7:10 ratio mixing, after being dried described in Eggplant root, stem and leaf chopping, be mixed into above-mentioned pig manure and the mixture of biogas slurry, then into mixture add composite fibre enzyme and The mixed enzyme of pectase forms mixed fertilizer, and the addition of the mixed enzyme is the 2%~5% of mixture quality, after addition fully Mix thoroughly;
4) fertilizer ferments:Above-mentioned mixed fertilizer is fermented 3~5 days under 30~40 DEG C of environment, then added into mixed fertilizer Em bacterium solutions, continue fermentation more than 10 days, fermentation accelerant, the fermentation are added into mixed fertilizer before 3~5 days of fermentation ends Accelerator is PAA and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate salt-mixture;
5) secondary cloth fertilizer:To the plantation field scarifying again for having planted eggplant, scarifying depth is 20~30cm, by institute State the mixed fertilizer after fermentation and calcium magnesium phosphate, urea are well mixed charity on the soil of scarifying field, dose is 3~5kg/m2
6) cuttage seedling:Under 15~30 DEG C of climatic environment of mid-June to early July, take the artemisia selengensis on seed-plot, win Artemisia selengensis leaf, removes top and the part of root lignifying, 15~25cm stem section in the middle part of interception artemisia selengensis stem, be immersed in dimehypo and 4~6 minutes in the dilute decoction of Hostathion desinsection, artemisia selengensis stem section is cleaned after immersion, cuttage is on the field soil after secondary cloth fertilizer, artemisia selengensis Stem basset 1/4~1/3 stem length;
7) top dressing:Fully watered after cuttage, it is after watering 2~3 times, two weeks in each week that the mixed fertilizer after the fermentation is dilute Carry out top dressing is released, after top dressing and two to three is all, applies ammonium nitrate fertilizer shape root, Fertilizer application amount is 0.3~0.5kg/ m2, to fertilize Fully watering afterwards;
8) harvest:The January in next year artemisia selengensis is carried out cutting bar listing, cut the artemisia selengensis stem newly grown after bar and give over to next batch kind Cuttage seedling during plant.
2. the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in the step 3) Dry eggplant root, stem and leaf after chopping and be mixed into the mass ratio of mixture and be:
Eggplant root, stem and leaf powder:Mixture=10~20:100.
3. the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that compound in the mixed enzyme The mass ratio of cellulase and pectase is 1:1.
4. the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that third in the fermentation accelerant The mass ratio of olefin(e) acid sodium and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 2~4:1, the addition of fermentation accelerant is the 1%~2% of mixture quality, institute The addition for stating em bacterium solutions is 1 ‰~the 5 ‰ of mixture quality.
5. the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the em bacterium solutions are before addition Do activation process, be the step of the activation process:
1st, peptone, sodium glutamate and butylated hydroxy anisole complex medium, the peptone, sodium glutamate and butyl are prepared The mass ratio of BHA is 40~50:1:1;
2nd, em bacterium solutions are added in the complex medium to cultivate 3~5 days and carries out activation process, the em bacterium solutions addition is multiple Close the 5%~10% of culture medium quality;
3rd, the em bacterium solutions after above-mentioned activation process and complex medium are added by 1 ‰~the 5 ‰ of the mixed fertilizer quality mixed In the material of Hefei.
6. the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that secondary in the step 5) In the fat material of cloth, mixed fertilizer:Calcium magnesium phosphate:The mass ratio of urea is 6~8:1:1.
7. the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dimehypo and Hostathion The total concentration of insecticide is 10% in the dilute decoction of desinsection, and the mol ratio of dimehypo and Hostathion is 1 in decoction:3~5, dimehypo and Artemisia selengensis stem after the dilute decoction immersion of Hostathion desinsection first soaks more than 10min with pyrophosphate solution, is then cleaned again with clear water.
8. the nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of a kind of artemisia selengensis according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the pyrophosphate is burnt phosphorus Sour sodium or potassium pyrophosphate, mass percentage concentration≤10% of pyrophosphate solution.
A kind of 9. nonirrigated farmland implantation methods of artemisia selengensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 7), top dressing Mixed fertilizer thinner ratio used is mixed fertilizer quality:Water is 1:8~10.
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CN112655474A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-16 湖北理工学院 Yangxin lake wormwood direct seeding propagation method
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CN104641892A (en) * 2015-01-26 2015-05-27 陈寿福 Method for planting artemisia selengensis in cutting way
CN106069153A (en) * 2016-07-20 2016-11-09 祁明华 A kind of Herba Artemisiae montanae Artemisia and the cultural method of Citrullus vulgaris crop rotation
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Application publication date: 20180313