CN104025851B - A kind of autumn brocade pears seedling grow method - Google Patents
A kind of autumn brocade pears seedling grow method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104025851B CN104025851B CN201410245273.2A CN201410245273A CN104025851B CN 104025851 B CN104025851 B CN 104025851B CN 201410245273 A CN201410245273 A CN 201410245273A CN 104025851 B CN104025851 B CN 104025851B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fruit-bearing forest seedling growing process field, especially a kind of autumn brocade pears seedling grow method, cleft grafting is carried out by stock alive and Qiu Jinli, and the nursery plantation of Qiu Jinli is carried out in conjunction with physical control of insects administrative skill, concrete operating procedure comprises construction of base, base manure preparation, stock cultivation, scion process, graft seedling growth, nursery stock management, deinsectization management process, by graft seedling growth and the planting process of entirety, improve fruit bearing rate and the high yield rate of Qiu Jinli, make to improve 17% and 25% respectively than the fruit bearing rate of traditional seedling grow method and high yield rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit-bearing forest seedling growing process field, especially a kind of autumn brocade pears seedling grow method.
Background technology
Autumn brocade pears original producton location is in Japan, and the eighties in 20th century is introduced into domestic plantation, and successfully achieves planting experimentally of Qiu Jinli; Autumn brocade pears single fruit average weight is about 450g, and the highest weight can reach 1900g, and sugar content reaches 16%, and market sale unit price is higher, has considerable economic benefit; But, because Qiu Jinli is from the external product introduced, and then make domestic most area when carrying out introducing a fine variety plantation, there is the phenomenon of " not acclimatized " in capital, and then cause the product quality of the domestic seedling grow of autumn brocade pears poor, market sale sight is bad, also can bring various disease conditions to pear tree, and detoxification of curing the disease is more difficult simultaneously.By the understanding to science data, carrying of pear virus is not all brought by external environment, but pear tree itself brings, and through statistics and research, most possibly bring virus, and make the virus link of hiding oneself in pear sapling be exactly pear tree seedling raising process, for this reason, those skilled in the art are by long-term Exploration & stu dy, start with from the nursery of Qiu Jinli and planting process, research has been made in the elimination viral to autumn brocade pears itself and elimination, and in conjunction with physical control of insects administrative skill in planting process, for the nursery cultivating technology of Qiu Jinli provides a kind of new approaches.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem existed in prior art, the invention provides one can improve graft survival rate, reduces nursery stock rate in spite of illness, improves fruit quality and reduces planting cost, reduces the autumn brocade pears seedling grow method of labour intensity.
Be achieved particular by following technical scheme:
A kind of autumn brocade pears seedling grow method, carry out cleft grafting by stock alive and Qiu Jinli, and carry out the nursery plantation of Qiu Jinli in conjunction with physical control of insects administrative skill, concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: select smooth soil, and soil is ploughed deeply, measure the content of organic matter in soil, and by adding the animal excretion that water content is the fermentation maturity of 35%, adjustment soil organic matter content, the content of organic matter in soil is made to be 45%, plough deeply base 1.5m darker, and base is made the furrow of wide 40cm, furrow height 30cm, furrow spacing 20cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 10cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 10cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 45% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 61%, the thickness of field mud bedding is 2cm, stand-by,
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight portion be 2-3 part urea, 3-4 part ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), 1-2 part potassium borate, 0.5-0.8 part ammonium borate, 5-6 part composite fertilizer, 2-5 part ammonium nitrate, 40-50 part becomes thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 80-90 part maize straw, 50-60 part straw, 30-50 part Chinese medicine slag; Its preparation method is, by decoction more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, breaks into 100 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 70 object Chinese medicinal granules according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:5, preserves stand-by; Maize straw, rice straw powder are broken into 120 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 32%, stand-by; Being dried in the shade by poultry manure to moisture is at normal temperatures after 20%, mixes by proportioning, obtains ight soil mixture, stand-by; After more above-mentioned Chinese medicinal granule, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 150r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium borate, ammonium borate, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively by proportioning, after mix and blend 2h, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 30% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by;
(3) stock cultivation: choose persimmon tree as rootstock seedling, persimmon tree is planted in step 1) on whole good furrow, before plantation, be the dell of 25cm to the furrow dark and adjustment diameter of 70cm of digging pit, adopt step 2 again) ready base manure waste pit 40cm, and spray concentration is the tpn 2000ml of 300ppm, covering moisture is the earth of 30%, cladding thickness is 5cm, be 20cm by tree crown again, trunk diameter is that the persimmon tree of 4cm is planted in hole, employing moisture is the earth covering root 20cm of 20%, again at the dregs of a decoction 3kg that earth surfaces bedding one deck dried orange peel and dandelion are mashed, cover the field mud that one deck moisture is 45% again, thickness is 5cm, and compacting cultivates 1 year,
(4) scion process: choose growth form excellent, without the autumn brocade pears semi-annual lignification branch of damage by disease and insect, and is cut into the long joint of 8cm, internode leaves 2 buds, and joint is whittled into Double-Notched shape, is placed in somatotropin and soaks 24h, 48h is soaked with being placed in nutrient solution, stand-by;
(5) graft seedling growth: by step 3) rootstock seedling cultivated blocks from distance bottom surface 8cm, and adopt stainless cutter to cut in half from center, the degree of depth is 4cm, and to each 5ml of nutrient solution of to be the somatotropin of 30ppm and concentration the be 15ppm of spray concentration in otch, again by step 4) scion handled well uprightly inserts in otch, and after adjusting the layer of wood contraposition accurately of stock and scion, employing film adhesive tape bundlees, the gap of 0.2cm is left during binding, and be respectively bundled to 7cm up and down along interface, adopt again moisture be 35% field mud cover, the thickness covered is 12cm, compacting is cultivated,
(6) nursery stock management: adopt the somatotropin of 200ppm and the nutrient solution of 150ppm to utilize sparge pipe to spray grafting nursery stock, and adopt insulating tube control temperature to be 15-20 DEG C, the sprinkling cycle is spray once, until nursery stock grows tender shoots sheath for 15 days;
(7) deinsectization management: when seedling growth is to 60-80cm height, pinching process is carried out to nursery stock, and a bowl-shape container is placed on nursery stock side, allocate deinsectization liquid 10ml into, change a deinsectization liquid every 50 days, until after nursery stock grows into forest, change a deinsectization liquid every 30 days.
Described deinsectization liquid is sugared 4-6 part, vinegar 2-4 part, wine 0.5-1.5 part, the formulated sugar-vinegar liquid of water 9-15 part.
Described deinsectization liquid is sugar 5 parts, vinegar 3 parts, wine 1 part, water 13 parts of formulated sugar-vinegar liquids.
Described sugar is one or more the mixture in white sugar, brown sugar, sucrose, honey.
Described somatotropin is heteroauxin, methyl α-naphthyl acetate, the one of urging in root powder.
Described nutrient solution is be furnished with tpn 1-2 part of 20ppm, insecticide 1-2 part, potassium hydrogen phosphate 1-2 part, zinc sulphate 0.3-0.5 part, ammonium borate 2-3 part, water 30-40 part.
Described Chinese medicine slag is two or more mixtures in dried orange peel, the root of herbaceous peony, curcuma zedoary, dandelion, Folium Kaki, cordate houttuynia.
Stock of living refers to and is not dug out from base by stock, and directly processes rootstock seedling, and by after scion grafting thereon, need not carry out nursery stock transplanting again, can reach the trees seedling adopted in the scale plantation of gardens.
Cleft grafting refers to and adopts from center cutter to split the openning of lower certain depth on stock, and scion is whittled into the inserted sheet adapted with openning, and after seeing layer of wood, after adopting HORMONE TREATMENT, by plastic film or the compact method of carrying out nursery of band binding.
Physical control of insects administrative skill refers to that employing lures insect thoroughly to kill process, and adopts modern garden management method to carry out the method for management and preventing disease and pest.
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1. by adopting cleft grafting mode to carry out grafting, and in the process of grafting tandem docking fringe with stock, improving the graft survival rate of autumn bright and beautiful pears, improving Qiu Jinli and plant quality and fruit quality at home.
2. joined by the system of grafting procedures Middle nutrition element, suppress the virus in scion and stock to recur, and kill virus, reduce the toxic amount of the woody body of pear sapling, improve in graft survival rate and Chinese garden planting, the cost accounting of fruit damage by disease and insect.
3. by the application of physical control of insects administrative skill, make Qiu Jinli meet ecological production standard, improve the quality of autumn brocade pear fruit, lower labour intensity.
4. by overall graft seedling growth and planting process, improve fruit bearing rate and the high yield rate of Qiu Jinli, make to improve 17% and 25% respectively than the fruit bearing rate of traditional seedling grow method and high yield rate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, further restriction is done to technical scheme of the present invention, but claimed scope is not only confined to done description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of autumn brocade pears seedling grow method, concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: select smooth soil, and soil is ploughed deeply, measure the content of organic matter in soil, and by adding the animal excretion that water content is the fermentation maturity of 35%, adjustment soil organic matter content, the content of organic matter in soil is made to be 45%, plough deeply base 1.5m darker, and base is made the furrow of wide 40cm, furrow height 30cm, furrow spacing 20cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 10cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 10cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 45% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 61%, the thickness of field mud bedding is 2cm, stand-by,
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight be 2kg urea, 3kg ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), 1kg potassium borate, 0.5kg ammonium borate, 5kg composite fertilizer, 2kg ammonium nitrate, 40kg become thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 80kg maize straw, 50kg straw, 30kg Chinese medicine slag; Its preparation method is, by decoction more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, breaks into 100 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 70 object Chinese medicinal granules according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:5, preserves stand-by; Maize straw, rice straw powder are broken into 120 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 32%, stand-by; Being dried in the shade by poultry manure to moisture is at normal temperatures after 20%, mixes by proportioning, obtains ight soil mixture, stand-by; After more above-mentioned Chinese medicinal granule, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 150r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium borate, ammonium borate, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively by proportioning, after mix and blend 2h, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 30% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by;
(3) stock cultivation: choose persimmon tree as rootstock seedling, persimmon tree is planted in step 1) on whole good furrow, before plantation, be the dell of 25cm to the furrow dark and adjustment diameter of 70cm of digging pit, adopt step 2 again) ready base manure waste pit 40cm, and spray concentration is the tpn 2000ml of 300ppm, covering moisture is the earth of 30%, cladding thickness is 5cm, be 20cm by tree crown again, trunk diameter is that the persimmon tree of 4cm is planted in hole, employing moisture is the earth covering root 20cm of 20%, again at the dregs of a decoction 3kg that earth surfaces bedding one deck dried orange peel and dandelion are mashed, cover the field mud that one deck moisture is 45% again, thickness is 5cm, and compacting cultivates 1 year,
(4) scion process: choose growth form excellent, without the autumn brocade pears semi-annual lignification branch of damage by disease and insect, and is cut into the long joint of 8cm, internode leaves 2 buds, and joint is whittled into Double-Notched shape, is placed in somatotropin and soaks 24h, 48h is soaked with being placed in nutrient solution, stand-by;
(5) graft seedling growth: by step 3) rootstock seedling cultivated blocks from distance bottom surface 8cm, and adopt stainless cutter to cut in half from center, the degree of depth is 4cm, and to each 5ml of nutrient solution of to be the somatotropin of 30ppm and concentration the be 15ppm of spray concentration in otch, again by step 4) scion handled well uprightly inserts in otch, and after adjusting the layer of wood contraposition accurately of stock and scion, employing film adhesive tape bundlees, the gap of 0.2cm is left during binding, and be respectively bundled to 7cm up and down along interface, adopt again moisture be 35% field mud cover, the thickness covered is 12cm, compacting is cultivated,
(6) nursery stock management: adopt the somatotropin of 200ppm and the nutrient solution of 150ppm to utilize sparge pipe to spray grafting nursery stock, and adopt insulating tube control temperature to be 15 DEG C, the sprinkling cycle is spray once, until nursery stock grows tender shoots sheath for 15 days;
(7) deinsectization management: when seedling growth is to 60cm height, pinching process is carried out to nursery stock, and a bowl-shape container is placed on nursery stock side, allocate deinsectization liquid 10ml into, change a deinsectization liquid every 50 days, until after nursery stock grows into forest, change a deinsectization liquid every 30 days.
Described deinsectization liquid is sugared 4g, vinegar 2g, wine 0.5g, the formulated sugar-vinegar liquid of water 9g.
Described deinsectization liquid is white sugar 5kg, vinegar 3kg, wine 1kg, the formulated sugar-vinegar liquid of water 13kg.
Described somatotropin is heteroauxin.
Described nutrient solution is the tpn 1kg, insecticide 1kg, potassium hydrogen phosphate 1kg, zinc sulphate 0.3kg, ammonium borate 2kg, the water 30kg that are furnished with 20ppm.
Described Chinese medicine slag is dried orange peel, root of herbaceous peony mixture.
Embodiment 2
A kind of autumn brocade pears seedling grow method, carry out cleft grafting by stock alive and Qiu Jinli, and carry out the nursery plantation of Qiu Jinli in conjunction with physical control of insects administrative skill, concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: select smooth soil, and soil is ploughed deeply, measure the content of organic matter in soil, and by adding the animal excretion that water content is the fermentation maturity of 36%, adjustment soil organic matter content, the content of organic matter in soil is made to be 44%, plough deeply base 1.4m darker, and base is made the furrow of wide 41cm, furrow height 31cm, furrow spacing 21cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 11cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 11cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 43% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 62%, the thickness of field mud bedding is 1cm, stand-by,
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight portion be 3kg urea, 4kg ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), 2kg potassium borate, 0.8kg ammonium borate, 6kg composite fertilizer, 5kg ammonium nitrate, 50kg become thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 90kg maize straw, 60kg straw, 50kg Chinese medicine slag; Its preparation method is, by decoction more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, breaks into 100 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 70 object Chinese medicinal granules according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:7, preserves stand-by; Maize straw, rice straw powder are broken into 110 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 31%, stand-by; Being dried in the shade by poultry manure to moisture is at normal temperatures after 18%, mixes by proportioning, obtains ight soil mixture, stand-by; After more above-mentioned Chinese medicinal granule, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 150r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium borate, ammonium borate, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively by proportioning, after mix and blend 2h, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 29% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by;
(3) stock cultivation: choose persimmon tree as rootstock seedling, persimmon tree is planted in step 1) on whole good furrow, before plantation, be the dell of 25cm to the furrow dark and adjustment diameter of 70cm of digging pit, adopt step 2 again) ready base manure waste pit 40cm, and spray concentration is the tpn 2000ml of 300ppm, covering moisture is the earth of 30%, cladding thickness is 5cm, be 20cm by tree crown again, trunk diameter is that the persimmon tree of 4cm is planted in hole, employing moisture is the earth covering root 20cm of 20%, again at the dregs of a decoction 3kg that earth surfaces bedding one deck dried orange peel and dandelion are mashed, cover the field mud that one deck moisture is 45% again, thickness is 5cm, and compacting cultivates 1 year,
(4) scion process: choose growth form excellent, without the autumn brocade pears semi-annual lignification branch of damage by disease and insect, and is cut into the long joint of 8cm, internode leaves 2 buds, and joint is whittled into Double-Notched shape, is placed in somatotropin and soaks 24h, 48h is soaked with being placed in nutrient solution, stand-by;
(5) graft seedling growth: by step 3) rootstock seedling cultivated blocks from distance bottom surface 8cm, and adopt stainless cutter to cut in half from center, the degree of depth is 4cm, and to each 5ml of nutrient solution of to be the somatotropin of 30ppm and concentration the be 15ppm of spray concentration in otch, again by step 4) scion handled well uprightly inserts in otch, and after adjusting the layer of wood contraposition accurately of stock and scion, employing film adhesive tape bundlees, the gap of 0.2cm is left during binding, and be respectively bundled to 7cm up and down along interface, adopt again moisture be 35% field mud cover, the thickness covered is 12cm, compacting is cultivated,
(6) nursery stock management: adopt the somatotropin of 200ppm and the nutrient solution of 150ppm to utilize sparge pipe to spray grafting nursery stock, and adopt insulating tube control temperature to be 20 DEG C, the sprinkling cycle is spray once, until nursery stock grows tender shoots sheath for 15 days;
(7) deinsectization management: when seedling growth is to 80cm height, pinching process is carried out to nursery stock, and a bowl-shape container is placed on nursery stock side, allocate deinsectization liquid 10ml into, change a deinsectization liquid every 50 days, until after nursery stock grows into forest, change a deinsectization liquid every 30 days.
Described deinsectization liquid is white sugar 3g, brown sugar 3g, vinegar 4g, wine 1.5g, the formulated sugar-vinegar liquid of water 15g.
Described somatotropin is methyl α-naphthyl acetate.
Described nutrient solution is the tpn 2kg, insecticide 2kg, potassium hydrogen phosphate 2kg, zinc sulphate 0.5kg, ammonium borate 3kg, the water 40kg that are furnished with 20ppm.
Described Chinese medicine slag is dried orange peel, the root of herbaceous peony, curcuma zedoary, dandelion, Folium Kaki, cordate houttuynia mixture.
Embodiment 3
A kind of autumn brocade pears seedling grow method, carry out cleft grafting by stock alive and Qiu Jinli, and carry out the nursery plantation of Qiu Jinli in conjunction with physical control of insects administrative skill, concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: select smooth soil, and soil is ploughed deeply, measure the content of organic matter in soil, and by adding the animal excretion that water content is the fermentation maturity of 36%, adjustment soil organic matter content, the content of organic matter in soil is made to be 46%, plough deeply base 1.6m darker, and base is made the furrow of wide 41cm, furrow height 31cm, furrow spacing 21cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 11cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 11cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 46% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 64%, the thickness of field mud bedding is 1cm, stand-by,
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight portion be 2.5kg urea, 3.5kg ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), 1.5kg potassium borate, 0.6kg ammonium borate, 5.5kg composite fertilizer, 3.5kg ammonium nitrate, 45kg become thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 85kg maize straw, 55kg straw, 40kg Chinese medicine slag; Its preparation method is, by decoction more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, breaks into 100 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 70 object Chinese medicinal granules according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:6, preserves stand-by; Maize straw, rice straw powder are broken into 120 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 32%, stand-by; Being dried in the shade by poultry manure to moisture is at normal temperatures after 20%, mixes by proportioning, obtains ight soil mixture, stand-by; After more above-mentioned Chinese medicinal granule, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 150r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium borate, ammonium borate, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively by proportioning, after mix and blend 2h, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 30% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by;
(3) stock cultivation: choose persimmon tree as rootstock seedling, persimmon tree is planted in step 1) on whole good furrow, before plantation, be the dell of 20cm to the furrow dark and adjustment diameter of 60cm of digging pit, adopt step 2 again) ready base manure waste pit 30cm, and spray concentration is the tpn 2000ml of 300ppm, covering moisture is the earth of 33%, cladding thickness is 4cm, be 15cm by tree crown again, trunk diameter is that the persimmon tree of 3cm is planted in hole, employing moisture is the earth covering root 21cm of 21%, again at the dregs of a decoction 3kg that earth surfaces bedding one deck dried orange peel and dandelion are mashed, cover the field mud that one deck moisture is 45% again, thickness is 5cm, and compacting cultivates 1 year,
(4) scion process: choose growth form excellent, without the autumn brocade pears semi-annual lignification branch of damage by disease and insect, and is cut into the long joint of 8cm, internode leaves 2 buds, and joint is whittled into Double-Notched shape, is placed in somatotropin and soaks 18h, 40h is soaked with being placed in nutrient solution, stand-by;
(5) graft seedling growth: by step 3) rootstock seedling cultivated blocks from distance bottom surface 8cm, and adopt stainless cutter to cut in half from center, the degree of depth is 4cm, and to each 5ml of nutrient solution of to be the somatotropin of 30ppm and concentration the be 15ppm of spray concentration in otch, again by step 4) scion handled well uprightly inserts in otch, and after adjusting the layer of wood contraposition accurately of stock and scion, employing film adhesive tape bundlees, the gap of 0.2cm is left during binding, and be respectively bundled to 7cm up and down along interface, adopt again moisture be 35% field mud cover, the thickness covered is 12cm, compacting is cultivated,
(6) nursery stock management: adopt the somatotropin of 200ppm and the nutrient solution of 150ppm to utilize sparge pipe to spray grafting nursery stock, and adopt insulating tube control temperature to be 18 DEG C, the sprinkling cycle is spray once, until nursery stock grows tender shoots sheath for 15 days;
(7) deinsectization management: when seedling growth is to 70cm height, pinching process is carried out to nursery stock, and a bowl-shape container is placed on nursery stock side, allocate deinsectization liquid 10ml into, change a deinsectization liquid every 50 days, until after nursery stock grows into forest, change a deinsectization liquid every 30 days.
Described deinsectization liquid is sugared 5g, vinegar 3g, wine 1g, the formulated sugar-vinegar liquid of water 13g.
Described sugar is white sugar, brown sugar, sucrose, honey mixt.
Described somatotropin is for urging root powder.
Described nutrient solution is the tpn 1.5kg, insecticide 1.5kg, potassium hydrogen phosphate 1.5kg, zinc sulphate 0.4kg, ammonium borate 2.5kg, the water 35kg that are furnished with 20ppm.
Described Chinese medicine slag is dried orange peel, the root of herbaceous peony, curcuma zedoary, dandelion, Folium Kaki mixture.
Test example: adopt the autumn of the embodiment 1 of this method and embodiment 2 brocade pears seedling grow method to carry out the seedling grow of Qiu Jinli below, and contrast with brocade pears seedling grow method of traditional autumn, in 100 strains, in data such as the sugar content of the 3rd year record autumn brocade fruit tree stem stalk average diameter of pears, Qiu Jinli, plant percent, fruit bearing rate and high yield rates, its result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
| Stem stalk diameter (cm) | Sugar content (%) | Survival rate (%) | Fruit bearing rate (%) | High yield rate (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 11.2 | 16.3 | 96 | 87 | 91 |
| Embodiment 2 | 12.1 | 16.2 | 94 | 91 | 95 |
| Tradition | 9.8 | 15.8 | 83 | 74 | 69 |
Can be drawn by table 1, sugar content, survival rate, fruit bearing rate, high yield rate and fruit tree proterties that autumn brocade pears seedling cultivation technology of the present invention embodies than traditional seedling cultivation technology are all more excellent, have significant economic benefit to orchard worker.
It is important to point out at this; the technique effect that above embodiment is only limitted to technical scheme of the present invention can reach is further elaborated; the further restriction to technical scheme of the present invention can not be interpreted as; the essential characteristics of the non-protruding that those skilled in the art make on this basis and the innovation and creation of marked improvement, still belong to protection category of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. an autumn brocade pears seedling grow method, is characterized in that, carry out cleft grafting by stock alive and Qiu Jinli, and carries out the nursery plantation of Qiu Jinli in conjunction with physical control of insects administrative skill, and concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) construction of base: select smooth soil, and soil is ploughed deeply, measure the content of organic matter in soil, and by adding the animal excretion that water content is the fermentation maturity of 35%, adjustment soil organic matter content, the content of organic matter in soil is made to be 45%, plough deeply base 1.5m darker, and base is made the furrow of wide 40cm, furrow height 30cm, furrow spacing 20cm, and at the left hand edge of furrow, 10cm place, furrow center is provided with insulating tube, at the right hand edge of furrow, 10cm place, furrow center is provided with sparge pipe, it is 45% that moisture is stamped on furrow upper berth, the content of organic matter is the field mud of 61%, the thickness of field mud bedding is 2cm, stand-by,
(2) base manure prepares: choose raw material components and weight portion be 2-3 part urea, 3-4 part ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), 1-2 part potassium borate, 0.5-0.8 part ammonium borate, 5-6 part composite fertilizer, 2-5 part ammonium nitrate, 40-50 part becomes thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, 80-90 part maize straw, 50-60 part straw, 30-50 part Chinese medicine slag; Base manure preparation method is, Chinese medicine slag is decocted more than 3 times, and after filtering, it is 35% that filter residue dries into water content, breaks into 100 objects Powdered, and filtrate and powder are mixed with 70 object Chinese medicine slag particles according to the proportioning that proportioning is 1:5, preserves stand-by; Maize straw, rice straw powder are broken into 120 object graininess, and adjust the stalk particle that its moisture is 32%, stand-by; Being dried in the shade by poultry manure to moisture is at normal temperatures after 20%, mixes by proportioning, obtains ight soil mixture, stand-by; After more above-mentioned Chinese medicine slag particle, stalk particle, ight soil mixture being mixed, be placed in agitator, be uniformly mixed with the mixing speed of 150r/min, and be uniformly mixed in process, add urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium borate, ammonium borate, composite fertilizer, ammonium nitrate successively by proportioning, after mix and blend 2h, add middle drug filtrate again, addition is 30% of raw material gross weight, after mixing, stand-by;
(3) stock cultivation: choose persimmon tree as rootstock seedling, persimmon tree is planted on the whole good furrow of step (1), before plantation, 70cm is digged pit deeply and to adjust diameter be 25cm to furrow, adopt step (2) ready base manure waste pit 40cm again, and spray concentration is the tpn 2000ml of 300ppm, covering moisture is the earth of 30%, cladding thickness is 5cm, be 20cm by tree crown again, trunk diameter is that the persimmon tree of 4cm is planted in hole, employing moisture is the earth covering root 20cm of 20%, the dregs of a decoction 3kg mashed after earth surfaces bedding one deck is mixed by dried orange peel and dandelion again, cover the field mud that one deck moisture is 45% again, thickness is 5cm, and compacting cultivates 1 year,
(4) scion process: choose growth form excellent, without the autumn brocade pears semi-annual lignification branch of damage by disease and insect, and is cut into the long joint of 8cm, internode leaves 2 buds, and joint is whittled into Double-Notched shape, is placed in somatotropin and soaks 24h, 48h is soaked with being placed in nutrient solution, stand-by;
(5) graft seedling growth: rootstock seedling step (3) cultivated blocks from distance ground 8cm, and adopt stainless cutter to cut in half from center, the degree of depth is 4cm, and to each 5ml of nutrient solution of to be the somatotropin of 30ppm and concentration the be 15ppm of spray concentration in otch, again the scion that step (4) is handled well is uprightly inserted in otch, and after adjusting the layer of wood contraposition accurately of stock and scion, employing film adhesive tape bundlees, the gap of 0.2cm is left during binding, and be respectively bundled to 7cm up and down along interface, adopt again moisture be 35% field mud cover, the thickness covered is 12cm, compacting is cultivated,
(6) nursery stock management: adopt the somatotropin of 200ppm and the nutrient solution of 150ppm to utilize sparge pipe to spray grafting nursery stock, and adopt insulating tube control temperature to be 15-20 DEG C, the sprinkling cycle is spray once, until nursery stock grows tender shoots sheath for 15 days;
(7) deinsectization management: when seedling growth is to 60-80cm height, pinching process is carried out to nursery stock, and a bowl-shape container is placed on nursery stock side, allocate deinsectization liquid 10ml into, change a deinsectization liquid every 50 days, until after nursery stock grows into forest, change a deinsectization liquid every 30 days.
2. autumn brocade pears seedling grow method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described deinsectization liquid is with parts by weight sugar 4-6 part, vinegar 2-4 part, wine 0.5-1.5 part, the formulated sugar-vinegar liquid of water 9-15 part.
3. autumn brocade pears seedling grow method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described deinsectization liquid is with parts by weight sugar 5 parts, vinegar 3 parts, wine 1 part, water 13 parts of formulated sugar-vinegar liquids.
4. autumn brocade pears seedling grow method as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterized in that, described sugar is one or more the mixture in white sugar, brown sugar, honey.
5. autumn brocade pears seedling grow method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described somatotropin is heteroauxin, methyl α-naphthyl acetate, the one of urging in root powder.
6. autumn brocade pears seedling grow method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described nutrient solution is be furnished with tpn 1-2 part of 20ppm, insecticide 1-2 part, potassium hydrogen phosphate 1-2 part, zinc sulphate 0.3-0.5 part, ammonium borate 2-3 part, water 30-40 part with parts by weight.
7. autumn brocade pears seedling grow method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine slag is two or more mixtures in dried orange peel, the root of herbaceous peony, curcuma zedoary, dandelion, Folium Kaki, cordate houttuynia.
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| CN108464175A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-31 | 荔浦县万家兴果蔬专业合作社 | A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon |
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Inventor after: Wu Changguo Inventor after: Cao Shiguo Inventor after: He Shiqin Inventor before: Wu Changguo Inventor before: Cao Shiguo Inventor before: He Qin |