CN108464175A - A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon - Google Patents
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon Download PDFInfo
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- CN108464175A CN108464175A CN201810139700.7A CN201810139700A CN108464175A CN 108464175 A CN108464175 A CN 108464175A CN 201810139700 A CN201810139700 A CN 201810139700A CN 108464175 A CN108464175 A CN 108464175A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, includes the following steps：It chooses wild persimmon seed and carries out culture rootstock seedling, wait for that rootstock seedling grows to certain height and is ready for grafting, the good crisp persimmon spring tip is chosen in the scion of grafting, grafting is carried out using cleft graft, one end of scion is whittled into wedge-shaped head, and put it into naphthalene acid solution soak after grafted, the rear carry out routine water and fertilizer management after grafting survival.Diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings proposed by the present invention can improve the survival rate of crisp persimmon nursery, and pre- disease prevention saves fertilizer, is suitable for large scale system nursery, can be peasant household's increasing both production and income.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon.
【Background technology】
Crisp persimmon is called seadless kaki fruit, cake persimmon, one of the famous-brand and high-quality goods that the Guangxi respectful city Cui Shishi, Guilin conventional outlet is earned foreign exchange, fruit type
Beautiful, bright in colour, a big thin skin, meat thickness are seedless.Crisp persimmon is sweet palatable.Soluble sugar is included per the crisp persimmon of hectogram up to 11.68 grams,
0.57-0.67 grams of protein, fatty 0.28-0.30 grams, fructose 69.5-73.3g, fatty 0.4-0.5g, calcium 84-163mg, phosphorus
50-90mg, 293-375 kilocalories of heat, and containing abundant niacin, vitamin B1, B2, E, C and bata-carotene, content is high
In puckery persimmon, and it is higher than the fruit such as apple, pears, grape, wherein the compositions such as also higher element magnesium, thiamine, ascorbic acid,
The content of wherein middle iodine is up to 1.2ug/100g, is to prevent the big good food of goiter due to iodine deficiency.Persimmon also has heat-clearing, profit
The effect of lung quenches the thirst, antibechic, eliminating the phlegm and hypertension, chronic bronchitis, one of health fruit of diseases such as artery sclerosis.
Therefore, the market demand of crisp persimmon increasingly doubles, and crisp persimmon industry has a vast market foreground and economic benefit at home.
Crisp persimmon planting patterns mainly has induced breeding, branch cutting and direct method of sowing used by this stage, this
A little modes were difficult to reach the target of large-scale plantation and cultivation production in short-term.In addition, crisp persimmon is in artificial breeding at this stage
The problem of there is also operating process in terms of process complicated, disease pest murder by poisoning, low reproduction rate；And some farmers blindly use
A large amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, it is impaired serious so as to cause water quality, soil, it is also possible to fruit be caused to poison, market cannot be met
Needs.
【Invention content】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：In view of the above problems, a kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, energy are provided
The survival rate of crisp persimmon nursery is improved, pre- disease prevention saves fertilizer, is suitable for large scale system nursery, can be that peasant household's volume increase increases
It receives.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, includes the following steps：
S1：Wild persimmon seed is chosen, puts it into the magnetized water that temperature is 43-45 DEG C after impregnating 12h and takes out, after drying
In seed upper cover wet cloth, vernalization is carried out in the environment that temperature is 24-26 DEG C, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed into
Row carries out nursery, removed close stand when seedling height is 2-3cm after emergence, and and sprayed nutrient solution, waits for that seedling grows to being highly
To get to rootstock seedling when 15-18cm；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 2.5-3m × 3-3.5m, base manure is applied after field planting, and at interval of 5-
7d sprays foliar fertilizer, and it is that 60-70cm prepares grafting to wait for that rootstock seedling is grown to height；The sowing amount of the wherein described base manure is 15-18kg/
Strain；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, in scion stem apex
It is blocked at 5-7cm below growing point, and incision will be blocked and be whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 2-3cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is put
Enter and is soaked in the naphthalene acid solution of a concentration of 20-40ppm；Branch by rootstock seedling apart from ground 25-28cm or more is cut, and is obtained
One smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 2-3cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；By above-mentioned leaching
Wedge-shaped head after wet is inserted into above-mentioned opening, and the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head, is used in combination when insertion
Black plastic film packs tightly, and is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
Further, in step sl, the nutrient solution is based on every liter of solution：Contain 340-350mg potassium nitrate, 55-
65mg ammonium phosphate, 105-110mg magnesium sulfate, 2.8-3.2mg boric acid, 6.5-7.0mg lignin sulfonic acids zinc, 0.8-1.2mg sulfuric acid
Copper.
Further, in step s 2, the base manure is made of following raw material：45-50 parts of maize straws,
12-15 parts of oil tea slags, 15-20 portions of bagasse, 10-12 parts of Sweet Potato Leafs, 15-18 parts of mangrove barks, 15-20 parts of cow dungs, 10-15 portions of pigs
Excrement, 0.3-0.5 part houttuynia extract, 0.05-0.08 parts of aloe bark extract mixed fermentation 10-15d are made.
Further, the production method of the houttuynia extract is：The water of its 5 times of quality of weight is added into cordate houttuynia
In, simmer in water 35min, filtering, and filter residue is repeated after boiling 2 times, gained filtrate is mixed and is concentrated into room temperature measuring relative density
For 1.2 solution, houttuynia extract is obtained.
Further, the production method of the aloe bark extract is：Its quality 6 is wherein added backward in aloe skin crushing
After the ethanol solution refluxing extraction 6h that volumetric concentration again is 75%, gained filtrate is rotated through filtering, is concentrated by evaporation, directly
To the solution that the volume of the concentrated liquid is 1.2 to room temperature measuring relative density, as aloe bark extract.
Further, in step s 2, the foliar fertilizer contains based on every liter of solution：200-220g base manure, 105-120mg
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 108-120mg calcium nitrate, 40-45mg ammonium sulfate.
Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Wild persimmon is chosen in the present invention and carries out cultivation rootstock seedling, is soaked seed first with magnetized water to wild persimmon seed, it can
Keep seed germination fast, improve its germination percentage height, the rootstock seedling seedling of incubation has the advantages that plant height, stem thickness, root long；Wait for that rootstock seedling is educated
At rear transplanting, field planting is after-applied to be carried by maize straw, oil tea slag, bagasse, Sweet Potato Leaf, mangrove bark, cow dung, pig manure, cordate houttuynia
Take object, aloe bark extract by the base manure that is mixed to prepare, containing largely being given birth to plant in raw material used by base manure of the present invention
Long beneficial substance, and used raw material is that agricultural waste material or crop waste extract, the present invention are again sharp
With this part resource, the handling problems of waste can not only be solved, are turned waste into wealth, realized rationally recycling for resource, keep away
Exempt from the waste of resource, moreover it is possible to re-use active ingredient therein, and the biological nature in these substances in the soil can also
The effect of playing chesson and ventilation, and then the growth and diffusion of plant root are improved, and then improve the development journey of rootstock seedling
Degree, and then improve its survival rate；Wherein, there is sterilization in houttuynia extract, aloe bark extract, eliminate worm's ovum and the work(of larva
Effect, bacteria breed in base manure can be prevented by being added in base manure, to reduce the insect pest rate occurred in seedling raising process；Rootstock seedling is waited for again
It is long to prepare grafting to height for 60-70cm；Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, chooses the spring tip conduct that axillary bud enriches full crisp persimmon
Scion, scion are put into methyl α-naphthyl acetate row grafting again after immersion, grafting survival speed and survival rate can be improved after being whittled into；The present invention exists
Nutrient solution and foliar fertilizer are periodically sprinkled in seedling raising process, abundance supplies battalion needed for crisp persimmon Seed Germination and plant strain growth process
It supports, further ensures that its higher survival rate and preferable growing state；Each technological means of the present invention is all phase
Mutually coordinate, mutually promote, and camp step by step, is all linked with one another, generated total technique effect is significantly larger than single technology
The simple adduction of technological means caused by means.
In short, diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings proposed by the present invention can improve the survival rate of crisp persimmon nursery, pre- disease prevention saves fertilizer
Material is suitable for large scale system nursery, can be peasant household's increasing both production and income.
【Specific implementation mode】
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, includes the following steps：
S1：Choose wild persimmon seed, put it into the magnetized water that temperature is 43 DEG C after impregnating 12h and take out, after drying in
Seed upper cover wet cloth is to carry out vernalization in 24 DEG C of environment in temperature, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed into traveling
Row nursery removed close stand when seedling height is 2-3cm after emergence, and sprays nutrient solution, and it is 15cm to wait for that seedling grows to height
When to get to rootstock seedling；Wherein, the nutrient solution is based on every liter of solution：Contain 340mg potassium nitrate, 55mg ammonium phosphate, 105mg
Magnesium sulfate, 2.8mg boric acid, 6.5mg lignin sulfonic acids zinc, 0.8mg copper sulphate；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 2.5m × 3m, base manure is applied after field planting, and leaf is sprayed at interval of 5d
Leaven, it is that 60cm prepares grafting to wait for that rootstock seedling is grown to height；Wherein, the sowing amount of the base manure is 15kg/ plants；The base manure is
It is made of following raw material：45 parts of maize straws, 12 parts of oil tea slags, 15 portions of bagasse, 10 parts of Sweet Potato Leafs, 15 portions of mango
Skin, 15 parts of cow dungs, 10 parts of pig manures, 0.3 part of houttuynia extract, 0.05 part of aloe bark extract mixed fermentation 10d are made；It is described
The production method of houttuynia extract is：It is added into cordate houttuynia in the water of its 5 times of quality of weight, simmer in water 35min, mistake
Filter repeats filter residue after boiling 2 times, and gained filtrate is mixed to the solution for being concentrated into that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.2, obtains fish raw meat
Careless extract；The production method of the aloe bark extract is：Aloe skin is crushed to the volume that 6 times of its quality is wherein added backward
After a concentration of 75% ethanol solution refluxing extraction 6h, gained filtrate is rotated through filtering, is concentrated by evaporation, until concentrate
The solution that volume is 1.2 to room temperature measuring relative density, as aloe bark extract；The foliar fertilizer contains based on every liter of solution
Have：200g base manure, 105mg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 108mg calcium nitrate, 40mg ammonium sulfate；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, in scion stem apex
The wedge-shaped head for being blocked at 5cm below growing point, and incision will be blocked being whittled into 2cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is put into dense
It is soaked in the naphthalene acid solution that degree is 20ppm；Branch by rootstock seedling apart from ground 25cm or more is cut, obtain one it is smooth
Cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 2cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；By the sphenocephaly after above-mentioned soak
Portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, and the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head, is used in combination black plastic film when insertion
It packs tightly, is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
Embodiment 2
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, includes the following steps：
S1：Choose wild persimmon seed, put it into the magnetized water that temperature is 45 DEG C after impregnating 12h and take out, after drying in
Seed upper cover wet cloth is to carry out vernalization in 26 DEG C of environment in temperature, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed into traveling
Row nursery removed close stand when seedling height is 2-3cm after emergence, and sprays nutrient solution, and it is 18cm to wait for that seedling grows to height
When to get to rootstock seedling；Wherein, the nutrient solution is based on every liter of solution：Contain 350mg potassium nitrate, 65mg ammonium phosphate, 110mg
Magnesium sulfate, 3.2mg boric acid, 7.0mg lignin sulfonic acids zinc, 1.2mg copper sulphate；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 3m × 3.5m, base manure is applied after field planting, and leaf is sprayed at interval of 7d
Leaven, it is that 70cm prepares grafting to wait for that rootstock seedling is grown to height；Wherein, the sowing amount of the base manure is 18kg/ plants；The base manure is
It is made of following raw material：50 parts of maize straws, 15 parts of oil tea slags, 20 portions of bagasse, 12 parts of Sweet Potato Leafs, 18 portions of mango
Skin, 20 parts of cow dungs, 15 parts of pig manures, 0.5 part of houttuynia extract, 0.08 part of aloe bark extract mixed fermentation 15d are made；It is described
The production method of houttuynia extract is：It is added into cordate houttuynia in the water of its 5 times of quality of weight, simmer in water 35min, mistake
Filter repeats filter residue after boiling 2 times, and gained filtrate is mixed to the solution for being concentrated into that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.2, obtains fish raw meat
Careless extract；The production method of the aloe bark extract is：Aloe skin is crushed to the volume that 6 times of its quality is wherein added backward
After a concentration of 75% ethanol solution refluxing extraction 6h, gained filtrate is rotated through filtering, is concentrated by evaporation, until concentrate
The solution that volume is 1.2 to room temperature measuring relative density, as aloe bark extract；The foliar fertilizer contains based on every liter of solution
Have：220g base manure, 120mg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 120mg calcium nitrate, 45mg ammonium sulfate；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, in scion stem apex
The wedge-shaped head for being blocked at 7cm below growing point, and incision will be blocked being whittled into 3cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is put into dense
It is soaked in the naphthalene acid solution that degree is 40ppm；Branch by rootstock seedling apart from ground 28cm or more is cut, obtain one it is smooth
Cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 3cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；By the sphenocephaly after above-mentioned soak
Portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, and the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head, is used in combination black plastic film when insertion
It packs tightly, is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
Embodiment 3
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, includes the following steps：
S1：Choose wild persimmon seed, put it into the magnetized water that temperature is 44 DEG C after impregnating 12h and take out, after drying in
Seed upper cover wet cloth is to carry out vernalization in 25 DEG C of environment in temperature, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed into traveling
Row nursery removed close stand when seedling height is 2-3cm after emergence, and sprays nutrient solution, and it is 16cm to wait for that seedling grows to height
When to get to rootstock seedling；Wherein, the nutrient solution is based on every liter of solution：Contain 345mg potassium nitrate, 60mg ammonium phosphate, 108mg
Magnesium sulfate, 3mg boric acid, 6.8mg lignin sulfonic acids zinc, 1mg copper sulphate；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 2.8m × 3.3m, base manure is applied after field planting, and spray at interval of 6d
Foliar fertilizer, it is that 67cm prepares grafting to wait for that rootstock seedling is grown to height；Wherein, the sowing amount of the base manure is 16kg/ plants；The base manure
It is made of following raw material：48 parts of maize straws, 13 parts of oil tea slags, 18 portions of bagasse, 11 parts of Sweet Potato Leafs, 16 portions of mango
Skin, 18 parts of cow dungs, 12 parts of pig manures, 0.4 part of houttuynia extract, 0.06 part of aloe bark extract mixed fermentation 12d are made；It is described
The production method of houttuynia extract is：It is added into cordate houttuynia in the water of its 5 times of quality of weight, simmer in water 35min, mistake
Filter repeats filter residue after boiling 2 times, and gained filtrate is mixed to the solution for being concentrated into that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.2, obtains fish raw meat
Careless extract；The production method of the aloe bark extract is：Aloe skin is crushed to the volume that 6 times of its quality is wherein added backward
After a concentration of 75% ethanol solution refluxing extraction 6h, gained filtrate is rotated through filtering, is concentrated by evaporation, until concentrate
The solution that volume is 1.2 to room temperature measuring relative density, as aloe bark extract；The foliar fertilizer contains based on every liter of solution
Have：208g base manure, 110mg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 115mg calcium nitrate, 42mg ammonium sulfate；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, in scion stem apex
It is blocked at 6cm below growing point, and incision will be blocked and be whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 2.5cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is put into
It is soaked in the naphthalene acid solution of a concentration of 30ppm；Branch by rootstock seedling apart from ground 27cm or more is cut, and obtains one smoothly
Cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 2.5cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；By the wedge after above-mentioned soak
Forming head portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, and the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head, is used in combination black plastic when insertion
Film packs tightly, and is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
Comparative example 1
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, includes the following steps：
S1：Wild persimmon seed is chosen, puts it into the water that temperature is 44 DEG C after impregnating 12h and takes out, in seed after drying
Upper cover wet cloth is to carry out vernalization in 25 DEG C of environment in temperature, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed and educated
Seedling removed close stand when seedling height is 2-3cm after emergence, and and sprayed nutrient solution, when seedling grow to height be 16cm when, i.e.,
Obtain rootstock seedling；Wherein, the nutrient solution is based on every liter of solution：Contain 345mg potassium nitrate, 60mg ammonium phosphate, 108mg sulfuric acid
Magnesium, 3mg boric acid, 6.8mg lignin sulfonic acids zinc, 1mg copper sulphate；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 2.8m × 3.3m, base manure is applied after field planting, and spray at interval of 6d
Foliar fertilizer, it is that 67cm prepares grafting to wait for that rootstock seedling is grown to height；Wherein, the sowing amount of the base manure is 16kg/ plants；The base manure
It is made of following raw material：48 parts of maize straws, 13 parts of oil tea slags, 18 portions of bagasse, 11 parts of Sweet Potato Leafs, 16 portions of mango
Skin, 18 parts of cow dungs, 12 parts of pig manures, 0.4 part of houttuynia extract, 0.06 part of aloe bark extract mixed fermentation 12d are made；It is described
The production method of houttuynia extract is：It is added into cordate houttuynia in the water of its 5 times of quality of weight, simmer in water 35min, mistake
Filter repeats filter residue after boiling 2 times, and gained filtrate is mixed to the solution for being concentrated into that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.2, obtains fish raw meat
Careless extract；The production method of the aloe bark extract is：Aloe skin is crushed to the volume that 6 times of its quality is wherein added backward
After a concentration of 75% ethanol solution refluxing extraction 6h, gained filtrate is rotated through filtering, is concentrated by evaporation, until concentrate
The solution that volume is 1.2 to room temperature measuring relative density, as aloe bark extract；The foliar fertilizer contains based on every liter of solution
Have：208g base manure, 110mg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 115mg calcium nitrate, 42mg ammonium sulfate；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, in scion stem apex
The wedge-shaped head for being blocked at 6cm below growing point, and incision will be blocked being whittled into 2.5cm long, by rootstock seedling apart from ground 27cm
Above branch is cut, and a smooth cross section notch is obtained, the longitudinal sectional 2.5cm in place of notch xylem, shape in cross section
It is open at one；Wedge-shaped head after above-mentioned soak is inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer pair of scion wedge-shaped head when insertion
The forming layer of neat stock, is used in combination black plastic film to pack tightly, is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
Comparative example 2
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, includes the following steps：
S1：Choose wild persimmon seed, put it into the magnetized water that temperature is 44 DEG C after impregnating 12h and take out, after drying in
Seed upper cover wet cloth is to carry out vernalization in 25 DEG C of environment in temperature, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed into traveling
Row nursery, after emergence when seedling grow to height be 16cm when to get to rootstock seedling；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 2.8m × 3.3m, base manure is applied after field planting, and spray at interval of 6d
Foliar fertilizer, it is that 67cm prepares grafting to wait for that rootstock seedling is grown to height；Wherein, the sowing amount of the base manure is 16kg/ plants；The base manure
It is made of following raw material：48 parts of maize straws, 13 parts of oil tea slags, 18 portions of bagasse, 11 parts of Sweet Potato Leafs, 16 portions of mango
Skin, 18 parts of cow dungs, 12 parts of pig manures, 0.4 part of houttuynia extract, 0.06 part of aloe bark extract mixed fermentation 12d are made；It is described
The production method of houttuynia extract is：It is added into cordate houttuynia in the water of its 5 times of quality of weight, simmer in water 35min, mistake
Filter repeats filter residue after boiling 2 times, and gained filtrate is mixed to the solution for being concentrated into that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.2, obtains fish raw meat
Careless extract；The production method of the aloe bark extract is：Aloe skin is crushed to the volume that 6 times of its quality is wherein added backward
After a concentration of 75% ethanol solution refluxing extraction 6h, gained filtrate is rotated through filtering, is concentrated by evaporation, until concentrate
The solution that volume is 1.2 to room temperature measuring relative density, as aloe bark extract；The foliar fertilizer contains based on every liter of solution
Have：208g base manure, 110mg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 115mg calcium nitrate, 42mg ammonium sulfate；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, in scion stem apex
It is blocked at 6cm below growing point, and incision will be blocked and be whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 2.5cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is put into
It is soaked in the naphthalene acid solution of a concentration of 30ppm；Branch by rootstock seedling apart from ground 27cm or more is cut, and obtains one smoothly
Cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 2.5cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；By the wedge after above-mentioned soak
Forming head portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, and the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head, is used in combination black plastic when insertion
Film packs tightly, and is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
Comparative example 3
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, includes the following steps：
S1：Choose wild persimmon seed, put it into the magnetized water that temperature is 44 DEG C after impregnating 12h and take out, after drying in
Seed upper cover wet cloth is to carry out vernalization in 25 DEG C of environment in temperature, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed into traveling
Row nursery removed close stand when seedling height is 2-3cm after emergence, and sprays nutrient solution, and it is 16cm to wait for that seedling grows to height
When to get to rootstock seedling；Wherein, the nutrient solution is based on every liter of solution：Contain 345mg potassium nitrate, 60mg ammonium phosphate, 108mg
Magnesium sulfate, 3mg boric acid, 6.8mg lignin sulfonic acids zinc, 1mg copper sulphate；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 2.8m × 3.3m, base manure is applied after field planting, waits for that rootstock seedling length is supreme
Degree is that 67cm prepares grafting；Wherein, the sowing amount of the base manure is 16kg/ plants；The base manure is by following raw material group
At：48 parts of maize straws, 13 parts of oil tea slags, 18 portions of bagasse, 11 parts of Sweet Potato Leafs, 16 parts of mangrove barks, 18 parts of cow dungs, 12 portions of pigs
Excrement, 0.4 part of houttuynia extract, 0.06 part of aloe bark extract mixed fermentation 12d are made；The making of the houttuynia extract
Method is：It is added into cordate houttuynia in the water of its 5 times of quality of weight, simmer in water 35min, filtering, and filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times
Afterwards, gained filtrate is mixed to the solution for being concentrated into that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.2, obtains houttuynia extract；The aloe
The production method of bark extract is：Aloe skin is crushed, the ethyl alcohol that the volumetric concentration of 6 times of its quality is 75% is wherein added backward
After solution refluxing extraction 6h, gained filtrate is rotated through filtering, is concentrated by evaporation, up to the volume of the concentrated liquid to room temperature measuring phase
The solution for being 1.2 to density, as aloe bark extract；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, in scion stem apex
It is blocked at 6cm below growing point, and incision will be blocked and be whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 2.5cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is put into
It is soaked in the naphthalene acid solution of a concentration of 30ppm；Branch by rootstock seedling apart from ground 27cm or more is cut, and obtains one smoothly
Cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 2.5cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；By the wedge after above-mentioned soak
Forming head portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, and the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head, is used in combination black plastic when insertion
Film packs tightly, and is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
Comparative example 4
A kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, includes the following steps：
S1：Choose wild persimmon seed, put it into the magnetized water that temperature is 44 DEG C after impregnating 12h and take out, after drying in
Seed upper cover wet cloth is to carry out vernalization in 25 DEG C of environment in temperature, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed into traveling
Row nursery removed close stand when seedling height is 2-3cm after emergence, and sprays nutrient solution, and it is 16cm to wait for that seedling grows to height
When to get to rootstock seedling；Wherein, the nutrient solution is based on every liter of solution：Contain 345mg potassium nitrate, 60mg ammonium phosphate, 108mg
Magnesium sulfate, 3mg boric acid, 6.8mg lignin sulfonic acids zinc, 1mg copper sulphate；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 2.8m × 3.3m, base manure is applied after field planting, and spray at interval of 6d
Foliar fertilizer, it is that 67cm prepares grafting to wait for that rootstock seedling is grown to height；Wherein, the sowing amount of the base manure is 16kg/ plants；The base manure
It is made of following raw material：48 parts of maize straws, 18 portions of bagasse, 16 parts of mangrove barks, 18 parts of cow dungs, 12 parts of pig manures are mixed
Fermentation 12d is closed to be made；The foliar fertilizer contains based on every liter of solution：208g base manure, 110mg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 115mg nitric acid
Calcium, 42mg ammonium sulfate；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, in scion stem apex
It is blocked at 6cm below growing point, and incision will be blocked and be whittled into the wedge-shaped head of 2.5cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is put into
It is soaked in the naphthalene acid solution of a concentration of 30ppm；Branch by rootstock seedling apart from ground 27cm or more is cut, and obtains one smoothly
Cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 2.5cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；By the wedge after above-mentioned soak
Forming head portion is inserted into above-mentioned opening, and the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head, is used in combination black plastic when insertion
Film packs tightly, and is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
Experiment case study
The method of the present invention passes through a large amount of field experiments, is equally divided into five groups, the present invention is respectively adopted in every group of 100 plants of nursery
The diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of embodiment 3 and comparative example 1-4 are in being adjacent to the survival rate for carrying out a nursery, and recording crisp persimmon grafting, tool
Volume data is shown in Table 1；
1 average production situation of table
From the results shown in Table 1, the crisp persimmon shoot survival percent obtained using the diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of the embodiment of the present invention 3
It is higher, be better than other comparative example groups, illustrate that method for culturing seedlings using the present invention carries out nursery, can be obviously improved crisp persimmon seedling at
Motility rate.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1：Wild persimmon seed is chosen, puts it into the magnetized water that temperature is 43-45 DEG C after impregnating 12h and takes out, in kind after drying
Sub- upper cover wet cloth is to carry out vernalization in 24-26 DEG C of environment in temperature, after seed spit it is white after be put in seedling bed into traveling
Row nursery removed close stand when seedling height is 2-3cm after emergence, and sprays nutrient solution, and it is 15- to wait for that seedling grows to height
To get to rootstock seedling when 18cm；
S2：Rootstock seedling is colonized with seeding row spacing for 2.5-3m × 3-3.5m, base manure is applied after field planting, and spray at interval of 5-7d
Foliar fertilizer is applied, it is that 60-70cm prepares grafting to wait for that rootstock seedling is grown to height；The sowing amount of the wherein described base manure is 15-18kg/ plants；
S3：Grafting is carried out using cleft graft, and selection axillary bud enriches the spring tip of full crisp persimmon as scion, is grown in scion stem apex
The wedge-shaped head for blocking at the 5-7cm of point lower section, and incision will be blocked being whittled into 2-3cm long, and the wedge-shaped head is put into dense
It is soaked in the naphthalene acid solution that degree is 20-40ppm；Branch by rootstock seedling apart from ground 25-28cm or more is cut, and obtains one
Smooth cross section notch, in cross section, the longitudinal sectional 2-3cm in place of notch xylem, forms an opening；After above-mentioned soak
Wedge-shaped head be inserted into above-mentioned opening, the forming layer of the forming layer alignment stock of scion wedge-shaped head, is used in combination black when insertion
Plastic film packs tightly, and is then tightened with cord；
S4：It waters immediately after grafting, seedling to be grafted carries out conventional water and fertilizer management after surviving.
2. the diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step sl, the nutrient solution is pressed
Every liter of solution meter：Containing 340-350mg potassium nitrate, 55-65mg ammonium phosphate, 105-110mg magnesium sulfate, 2.8-3.2mg boric acid,
6.5-7.0mg lignin sulfonic acid zinc, 0.8-1.2mg copper sulphate.
3. the diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step s 2, the base manure be by
Following raw material composition：45-50 parts of maize straws, 12-15 parts of oil tea slags, 15-20 portions of bagasse, 10-12 parts of Sweet Potato Leafs,
15-18 parts of mangrove barks, 15-20 parts of cow dungs, 10-15 parts of pig manures, 0.3-0.5 parts of houttuynia extracts, 0.05-0.08 parts of aloe skins
Extract mixed fermentation 10-15d is made.
4. the diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the making side of the houttuynia extract
Method is：It is added into cordate houttuynia in the water of its 5 times of quality of weight, simmer in water 35min, filtering, and filter residue is repeated after boiling 2 times,
Gained filtrate is mixed to the solution for being concentrated into that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.2, obtains houttuynia extract.
5. the diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the making side of the aloe bark extract
Method is：Aloe skin is crushed after the ethanol solution refluxing extraction 6h that the volumetric concentration of 6 times of its quality is 75% is wherein added backward,
Gained filtrate rotated, be concentrated by evaporation through filtering, until the volume of the concentrated liquid to room temperature measuring relative density be 1.2 it is molten
Liquid, as aloe bark extract.
6. the diseases prevention method for culturing seedlings of crisp persimmon according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step s 2, the foliar fertilizer is pressed
Every liter of solution meter contains：200-220g base manure, 105-120mg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 108-120mg calcium nitrate, 40-45mg sulfuric acid
Ammonium.
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| CN104025851A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Seedling growing and planting method for Qiujin pears |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104025851A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Seedling growing and planting method for Qiujin pears |
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| Title |
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| 王彩霞: "甘肃东南部柿树育苗技术规程", 《林业实用技术》 * |
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