CN109673429A - A kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield - Google Patents

A kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109673429A
CN109673429A CN201710882102.4A CN201710882102A CN109673429A CN 109673429 A CN109673429 A CN 109673429A CN 201710882102 A CN201710882102 A CN 201710882102A CN 109673429 A CN109673429 A CN 109673429A
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China
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parts
sorghum
seed
fertilizer
seedling
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王亚男
夏承东
王育鹏
方大伟
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ANHUI HUIDA AGRICULTURE Co Ltd
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ANHUI HUIDA AGRICULTURE Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural methods of high yield, the following steps are included: Step 1: seed selection, Step 2: configuration compounding Multifunctional coating agent, Step 3: preparing germination causes liquid, Step 4: germination causes solution seed soaking, Step 5: seed coating, Step 6: soil pre-processes, Step 7: sowing, Step 8: seedling stage field management, Step 9: seedling stage blade face manages, Step 10: harvesting.Output of Sorghum of the present invention is higher; it is good in economic efficiency; the disease-resistant of sorghum seedling is combated a natural disaster and the immunity of itself is stronger in growth course; the insemination and emergence rate of seed is high simultaneously; be conducive to drought-resistant seeding; the use of a variety of organic fertilizer and seed coat agent keeps a full stand of seedings strong sprout with significant effect to emergence; the sorghum later period is not easy to lodge; the Chinese sorghum nutritive of growth is abundant; entire planting process agriculture chemical uses less; green is harmless, provides sound assurance, practical value with higher and good application prospect for large-scale planting.

Description

A kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield
Technical field
The present invention relates to Sorghum Breeding planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultivation side of high yield Method.
Background technique
Sorghum nickname chinese sorghum, sorgo etc., 1 year sward sheet.The high-yield crop in " iron crops " is described as by the masses.Stem is very It is high.Shape as reed, but centre be it is solid, leaf is also like reed, and the big broom of broomcorn millet fringe picture, particle is big as Chinese prickly ash, at reddish black. Property happiness it is warm, it is drought resisting, waterlogging.The classes such as edible sorghum, sugar sorghum, broom sorghum can be divided by character and purposes, planted in China It trains wider.Sorghum can be processed into jowar face, can be made into of all shapes and colors, the favorite food of the masses, have become what welcome received guests in recent years Food.In addition to edible, sorghum can also starch processed, sugaring, wine brewing cook vinegar and preparing alcohol etc., therefore the demand of sorghum in recent years is more next It is bigger.The salt tolerance difference of sugar grass is mainly manifested in germination and seedling stage, first is that after planting seed is by surface soil perniciousness harm, Bu Nengmeng Seedling is issued, rotten bud is caused；Second is that sorghum seedling reacts sensitive to soil salt, dead seedling is caused vulnerable to salt damage.As long as and keeping Seedling, with the growth of plant, root system is gradually flourishing, and the salt tolerance enhancing of plant, the middle and late growth stage is in rainy season, soil salt in addition Divide content decline, salt damage mitigates.The sprout phase of sugar grass spends this pass of salt damage, is the matter of utmost importance of salt-soda soil cultivation.
Sugar grass is a kind of important green energy resource crop, be northern China Biomass Energy Development chief crop it One, Nutrient matter has the title of " high energy crop " up to 15%-20%, and purposes is extremely wide, can produce high efficiency, can be again Raw, free of contamination vehicle fuel ethyl alcohol, also capable of using as feed, sugar material, paper making raw material etc..Develop biology by energy crop of sugar grass Mass-energy source mitigates environmental pollution, increases farmers' income and be of great significance to alleviating energy crisis.
It is existing corn used in the sorghum plant development in addition, sorghum plantation at present with commodity seed is naked seed Precision planter needs replacing dedicated discharge plate since seed particle size is small, exist simultaneously sorghum seeds be easy in the soil it is mouldy etc. Problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultivation sides of high yield Method, the environmental protection cultural method Output of Sorghum is higher, good in economic efficiency, in growth course sorghum seedling it is disease-resistant combat a natural disaster and itself Immunity is stronger, while the insemination and emergence rate of seed is high, is conducive to drought-resistant seeding, the use pair of a variety of organic fertilizer and seed coat agent Emergence keeps a full stand of seedings strong sprout with significant effect, and the sorghum later period is not easy to lodge, and the Chinese sorghum nutritive of growth is abundant, entire planting process For agriculture chemical using less, green is harmless, provides sound assurance for large-scale planting, practical value with higher and well Application prospect.
The present invention solves technical problem and adopts the following technical scheme that
The present invention provides a kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural methods of high yield, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: seed selection: acquisition plant is neat, and growth potential is good, and fringe is big, full seed fruit ear threshing, removal impurity and Dust is thinly spread out, is placed under sunlight exposure 15-20 hours, was stirred during exposure every 1-2 hours once, is made seed Aridity is consistent, then by the seed shone temperature be 42-46 DEG C at places 5-7 hours, then place temperature be 2-6 DEG C at place 5-7 hours, seed is then placed on dry, ventilation, shady and cool place, storing the time 8-10 hours or more spare；
Step 2: configuration compounding Multifunctional coating agent: according to parts by weight by 2-4 parts of composite bacteria agent, 5-7 parts of starch, more bacterium 10-20 parts clever, 2-4 parts of pyrrole worm quinoline wettable powder, 1-2 parts of gibberellin, 0.7-0.9 parts of root-inducing powder, attapulgite 15-20 Part, 7-9 parts of bentonite, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2-4 parts of calper calcium peroxide, 4-6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and water In 10-14 parts of addition high-speed mixers, 1-2 hours are stirred in the case where speed of agitator is 250-350r/min, temperature is 25-35 DEG C i.e. It can；
Step 3: preparing germination causes liquid: according to parts by weight by not saliva 3-5 parts of methyl support, 1-2 parts of tetracycline, calcium chloride 2-4 parts, 3-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 10-20 parts of Peracetic Acid, 10-20 parts of potassium permanganate, 0.7-0.9 parts of 1- niacin, 6- benzyl amino In 0.3-0.5 parts of purine and water 100-110 parts of addition high-speed mixer, speed of agitator be 250-350r/min, temperature 25- It is stirred 1-2 hours at 35 DEG C；
Step 4: germination causes solution seed soaking: step 1 is handled into spare sorghum seeds and is added in germination initiation solution, Initiator temperature is warming up to 50-55 DEG C, according to every 200-250ml initiator solution: the ratio mixing of 1kg sorghum seeds is impregnated 3-4 hours, then seed is pulled out, draining 40-60 minutes；
Step 5: seed coating: by step 4, treated that sorghum seeds are put into pelletizer, is prepared with equipped with step 2 The flow feeder alignment seed of compounding Multifunctional coating agent spray into coating agent, make equably to be stained with coating agent outside seed, then send Enter drying machine drying, drying temperature is 32-36 DEG C；
Step 6: soil pre-process: selection on the sunny side, loose fertile field, plough deeply 27-32cm depth, exposure 4-6 days, according to The nutrition improvement fertilizer for adding 800-1200kg per acre is uniformly spread in the soil, thin leveling is ploughed, after so that base fertilizer is thoroughly mixed into soil It rakes native face；The nutrition improvement fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-20 parts of medical stone, 8-14 parts of feldspar powder, recessed 15-25 parts of convex stick soil, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 7-9 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 40-50 parts of fermentation product, 5-9 parts of plant ash, phosphate fertilizer 3-5 Part, 7-9 parts of nitrogen potash fertilizer, it is cake fertilizer 10-15 parts decomposed, 10-20 parts of night soil；10-20 days with 30% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate before planting It is made into 1000 times of liquid and is sprayed on after earth's surface and surface soil is ploughed under into soil layer；
Step 7: sowing: according to line-spacing 80-90cm excavate depth be 12-14cm, the planting ditch that width is 16-18cm, plant planting ditch in Uniformly pour one layer of base fertilizer；The base fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of humic fertilizer, 3-5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), and sulphur Sour potassium 0.5-0.7 parts, 0.4-0.6 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.5 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.05-0.09 parts of boric acid, nicotine concentrate 1-2 Part；Sowing time is first arrival mid-April in lunar calendar April, and select fine day to be sowed needs 1.4-1.6 kilograms of seed per acre, kind Son is uniformly sowed in planting ditch on base fertilizer, then earthing thickness 3-5cm, uses mulch to be covered after broadcasting, and mulch is transparent mulch, and one Membrane cover duplicate rows；
Step 8: seedling stage field management: putting seedling, start to put seedling when seedling length to 2-3 leaf, i.e., it is small mulch to be needled exposing Seedling；Sealing of hole: the seedling during 3-4 leaf, 5-6 leaf phase final singling, and look into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings；Seedling balled transplanting is located to being short of seedling when filling the gaps with seedlings, Teeming water；Plant grows to 30-40 centimeters of water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and watering in later 15-17 days is primary, and entire growth cycle pours 9-13 water, in Weeding；
Step 9: seedling stage blade face manages: by weight selection Boratex 2-4 parts, 2-4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Prohexadione calcium 1-3 parts of urea, 4-6 parts of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, 1-3 parts of benayl aminopurine common mixing constitute leaf fertilizer resistant to lodging, and leaf fertilizer resistant to lodging is in sorghum Seedling stage, jointing stage and respectively primary to sorghum plant sprinkling, the application concentration 0.8%-1.4% that chooses the flag phase；
Step 10: harvesting: when sorghum is in wax ripeness early period, sorghum plant is cut down, its fruit ear is cut, fruit ear is stacked, The covering of exterior plastic film is opened plastic film and is dried after stacking processing in 4-6 days, and threshing after drying becomes into Product high quality sorghum.
Preferably, the composite bacteria agent in the step 2 includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 0.5-1 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 2-4 parts of acidic cellulase, 3-5 parts of Bacillus, 2-4 parts of saccharomycete, 2-4 parts of urase, 1-2 parts of aspergillus oryzae.
Preferably, the Chinese medicine slag in the step 6 is the fruit of glossy privet, radix polygonati officinalis, Radix Notoginseng, hawthorn, ginseng, dried orange peel, ginger, soap The dregs of a decoction after angle, kuh-seng, aloe, wild chrysanthemum, the coptis, green tea extraction；The decomposed cake fertilizer is rape cake, peanut cake, soybean cake Mixture rice washing water obtains for fermentation retting 2-3 months.
Preferably, when putting seedling in the step 8, mulch designated port diameter 5cm is needled.
Preferably, the nicotine concentrate in the step 7 is prepared in the following way: by weight by 8-10 parts of cigarette Leaf and 30-40 parts of water are heated to boil, and after small fire decocts 40-60 minutes, filtering is concentrated up to nicotine concentrate.
Preferably, the tillage and weeding in the step 8 are as follows: between growth stages of sorghum, situation occurs according to weeds, in implementation Weeding 2~3 times.
Preferably, the step 2 are as follows:
Configuration compounding Multifunctional coating agent: according to parts by weight by 3 parts of composite bacteria agent, 6 parts of starch, 15 parts of carbendazim, pyrrole worm 3 parts of quinoline wettable powder processed, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.8 part of root-inducing powder, 17 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of bentonite, ferrous sulfate 1.5 In part, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of calper calcium peroxide, 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 12 parts of addition high-speed mixers of water, in speed of agitator It is to be stirred 1.5 hours at 30 DEG C for 300r/min, temperature.
Preferably, the step 3 are as follows:
It prepares germination and causes liquid: according to parts by weight by methyl support not 4 parts of saliva, 1.5 parts of tetracycline, 3 parts of calcium chloride, potassium nitrate 4 parts, 15 parts of Peracetic Acid, 15 parts of potassium permanganate, 105 parts of 0.8 part of 1- niacin, 0.4 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and water additions height In fast blender, stirred 1.5 hours in the case where speed of agitator is 300r/min, temperature is 30 DEG C.
Preferably, the nutrition improvement fertilizer in the step 6 includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 15 parts of medical stone, feldspar 11 parts of powder, 20 parts of attapulgite, 7 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 45 parts of fermentation product, 7 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of phosphate fertilizer, nitrogen 8 parts of potash fertilizer, 13 parts of decomposed cake fertilizer, 15 parts of night soil.
Preferably, the step 7 are as follows: sowing: according to line-spacing 85cm excavate depth be 13cm, the planting ditch that width is 17cm, plantation One layer of base fertilizer is uniformly poured in ditch；The base fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 13 parts of humic fertilizer, 4 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), and sulfuric acid 0.6 part of potassium, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.4 part of manganese sulfate, 0.07 part of boric acid, 1.5 parts of nicotine concentrate；Sowing time is lunar calendar April First arrival mid-April, select fine day to be sowed needs 1.5 kilograms of seeds per acre, seed is uniformly sowed in planting ditch on base fertilizer, so Earthing thickness 4cm afterwards is covered after broadcasting using mulch, and mulch is transparent mulch, a membrane cover duplicate rows.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) a kind of sorghum of the invention is chosen seeds the environmentally protective cultural method of high yield, has selected that fringe is big, fruit ear of full seed Threshing, guarantee plantation sorghum variety is excellent, yield is high, while being exposed to the sun to sorghum seeds and deepfreeze, can be improved height Fine strain of millet kind to the synthesis resistances of high and low temperature stresses, additionally it is possible to effectively kill some pathogenic bacteria subsidiary in wheat seed, enhance The antibiotic property of sorghum seeds reduces the incidence of pest and disease damage, promotes its germination consistent, sprout is healthy and strong.
(2) the compounding Multifunctional coating agent of the environmentally protective cultural method configuration of a kind of sorghum of the invention seed selection high yield, battalion Support abundant, the use of compound bacteria can be bred in the soil, can activating soil mineral nutrient, give seed to improve mineral nutrition, Secretion in reproductive process has the function of Auto-regulator, in addition, the use of coating agent can form one around seed The relatively high tiny area of moisture improves soil to seed water supply capacity, to increase emergence rate；Contain in coating agent Carbendazim, gibberellin, root-inducing powder and pyrrole worm quinoline wettable powder can make sorghum seeds premunition is strong, growth rapidly, tiller It is early, and preferable sustained release performance has been reached by attapulgite, whole growth courses of sorghum plant can be influenced, by aobvious It writes and improves wheat during jointing stage, the Net Photosynthetic Rate at heading stage, achieve the purpose that the competitiveness for improving wheat plant itself, have anti- Control sprout term disease and systemic disease, improve percentage of seedgermination, promote seedling healthy growth, reduce seed dosage and other effects, most Achieve the purpose that diseases prevention eventually, control worm, strong sprout of keeping a full stand of seedings raising yield.
(3) the environmentally protective cultural method configuration germination of a kind of sorghum of the invention seed selection high yield causes liquid, to impregnate On the one hand sorghum seeds afterwards can plant skin in Seed Germination with the Germination suppression agent in oxygenolysis seed coat, decrease Physics hinder power, improve amylase activity, seed appropriate is provided sprouts acidity and alkalinity environment and nutrient is provided, by all kinds of means Percentage of seedgermination and germinating energy are improved, seed quick-speed germination is promoted, on the other hand enables to sorghum kind to take root ahead of time, significantly mentions High-low temperature resistant, the drought-resistance ability of sorghum.
(4) a kind of sorghum of the invention seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield pre-processes soil, main big Amount has used green organic fertilizer and agricultural residue, on the one hand greatly reduces the use of chemical fertilizer, avoids the hardening of soil, effectively The structure of soil is improved, so that its plantation for being more suitable for sorghum, has on the other hand saved resource, has been effectively utilized waste, The result of resource circulation utilization is reached.
(5) a kind of sorghum of the invention seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield is by pouring base fertilizer in kind of planting ditch, greatly Soil fertility is improved greatly, provides more comprehensive nutrition supply, while the use of nicotine, humic acid etc. can kill sorghum Children's ovum such as aphid, inhibits the growth of some pathogenic bacteria, reduces the pest and disease damage in sorghum cultivation.
(6) anti-fall by being sprayed to sorghum leaf surface in a kind of sorghum of the invention seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield On the one hand Fu Yefei can make the uprightly upper punching of sugar grass upper blade, plant type is compact, so as to so that planting density than conventional kind It plants and increases, additionally it is possible to reduce the lodging rate of sorghum plant, eliminate plant and lodge to adverse effect caused by mechanical harvest, another party Face can also supplement the deficiency of root fertilising, can supplement the nutrients rapidly, cost-effective.
(7) a kind of sorghum of the invention seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield, Output of Sorghum is higher, economic benefit Good, the disease-resistant of sorghum seedling is combated a natural disaster and the immunity of itself is stronger in growth course, while the insemination and emergence rate of seed is high, favorably Keep a full stand of seedings strong sprout with significant effect to emergence in the use of drought-resistant seeding, a variety of organic fertilizer and seed coat agent, the sorghum later period is not It is easy lodging, the Chinese sorghum nutritive of growth is abundant, and for entire planting process agriculture chemical using less, green is harmless, is scale kind It plants and sound assurance, practical value with higher and good application prospect is provided.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, shows So, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to In the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1.
A kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: seed selection: acquisition plant is neat, and growth potential is good, and fringe is big, full seed fruit ear threshing, removal impurity and Dust is thinly spread out, is placed in exposure 15 hours under sunlight, was stirred during exposure every 1 hour once, make seed drying degree Unanimously, then by the seed shone be 42 DEG C in temperature at places 5 hours, then placing temperature is to place 5 hours at 2 DEG C, then general Seed is placed on dry, ventilation, shady and cool place, and storing the time 8 hours or more spare；
Step 2: configuration compounding Multifunctional coating agent: according to parts by weight by 2 parts of composite bacteria agent, 5 parts of starch, carbendazim 10 Part, 2 parts of pyrrole worm quinoline wettable powder, 1 part of gibberellin, 0.7 part of root-inducing powder, 15 parts of attapulgite, 7 parts of bentonite, sulfuric acid are sub- 1 part of iron, 2 parts of calper calcium peroxide, in 10 parts of addition high-speed mixers of 4 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and water, turns 1 part of zinc sulfate in stirring Speed is 250r/min, temperature is to stir 1 hour at 25 DEG C；
Step 3: prepare germination cause liquid: according to parts by weight by methyl support not 3 parts of saliva, 1 part of tetracycline, 2 parts of calcium chloride, 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 10 parts of Peracetic Acid, 10 parts of potassium permanganate, 0.7 part of 1- niacin, 0.3 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and 100 parts of water It is added in high-speed mixer, is stirred 1 hour in the case where speed of agitator is 250r/min, temperature is 25 DEG C；
Step 4: germination causes solution seed soaking: step 1 is handled into spare sorghum seeds and is added in germination initiation solution, Initiator temperature is warming up to 50 DEG C, according to every 200ml initiator solution: the ratio mixing of 1kg sorghum seeds is impregnated 3 hours, then Seed is pulled out, draining 40 minutes；
Step 5: seed coating: by step 4, treated that sorghum seeds are put into pelletizer, is prepared with equipped with step 2 The flow feeder alignment seed of compounding Multifunctional coating agent spray into coating agent, make equably to be stained with coating agent outside seed, then send Enter drying machine drying, drying temperature is 32 DEG C；
Step 6: soil pre-process: selection on the sunny side, loose fertile field, plough deeply 27-32cm depth, exposure 4 days, according to every The nutrition improvement fertilizer of mu addition 800kg is uniformly spread in the soil, ploughs thin leveling, soil of raking after making base fertilizer be thoroughly mixed into soil Face；The nutrition improvement fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of medical stone, 8 parts of feldspar powder, 15 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 40 parts of fermentation product, 5 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 7 parts of nitrogen potash fertilizer, 10 parts of decomposed cake fertilizer, 10 parts of night soil；It with 30% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is made into 1000 times of liquid within 10 days before planting and is sprayed on after earth's surface and surface soil is ploughed under into soil layer；
Step 7: sowing: according to line-spacing 80cm excavate depth be 12cm, the planting ditch that width is 16cm, plant planting ditch in uniformly pour One layer of base fertilizer；The base fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of humic fertilizer, 3 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), and 0.5 part of potassium sulfate, sulfuric acid 0.4 part of zinc, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.05 part of boric acid, 1 part of nicotine concentrate；Sowing time is first arrival mid-April in lunar calendar April, Selection fine day is sowed needs 1.4 kilograms of seeds per acre, seed is uniformly sowed in planting ditch on base fertilizer, then earthing thickness 3cm, broadcasts It is covered afterwards using mulch, mulch is transparent mulch, a membrane cover duplicate rows；
Step 8: seedling stage field management: putting seedling, start to put seedling when seedling length to 2-3 leaf, i.e., it is small mulch to be needled exposing Seedling；Sealing of hole: the seedling during 3-4 leaf, 5-6 leaf phase final singling, and look into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings；Seedling balled transplanting is located to being short of seedling when filling the gaps with seedlings, Teeming water；Plant grows to 30-40 centimeters of water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and watering in later 15 days is primary, and entire growth cycle pours 13 water, and intertillage removes Grass；
Step 9: seedling stage blade face manages: by weight selection 2 parts of Boratex, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Prohexadione calcium urea 1 Part, 4 parts of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, the common mixing of 1 part of benayl aminopurine constitute leaf fertilizer resistant to lodging, seedling stage of the leaf fertilizer resistant to lodging in sorghum, jointing Phase and respectively primary to sorghum plant sprinkling, application concentration 0.8%% of choosing the flag phase；
Step 10: harvesting: when sorghum is in wax ripeness early period, sorghum plant is cut down, its fruit ear is cut, fruit ear is stacked, The covering of exterior plastic film is opened plastic film and is dried after stacking processing in 4 days, and threshing after drying becomes finished product High quality sorghum.
Composite bacteria agent in step two in the present embodiment includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 0.5 part of Streptomyces jingyangensis, acid Property 2 parts of cellulase, 3 parts of Bacillus, 2 parts of saccharomycete, 2 parts of urase, 1 part of aspergillus oryzae.
Chinese medicine slag in step six in the present embodiment is the fruit of glossy privet, radix polygonati officinalis, Radix Notoginseng, hawthorn, ginseng, dried orange peel, ginger, soap The dregs of a decoction after angle, kuh-seng, aloe, wild chrysanthemum, the coptis, green tea extraction；The decomposed cake fertilizer is rape cake, peanut cake, soybean cake Mixture rice washing water, what fermentation obtained for retting 2 months.
When putting seedling in the step eight in the present embodiment, mulch designated port diameter 5cm is needled.
Nicotine concentrate in step seven in the present embodiment is prepared in the following way: by weight by 8 parts of tobacco leaf It is heated to boil with 30 parts of water, small fire decocts after forty minutes, and filtering is concentrated up to nicotine concentrate.
Tillage and weeding in step eight in the present embodiment are as follows: between growth stages of sorghum, situation occurs according to weeds, in implementation Weeding 2 times.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: seed selection: acquisition plant is neat, and growth potential is good, and fringe is big, full seed fruit ear threshing, removal impurity and Dust is thinly spread out, is placed in exposure 20 hours under sunlight, was stirred during exposure every 2 hours once, make seed drying degree Unanimously, then by the seed shone be 46 DEG C in temperature at places 7 hours, then placing temperature is to place 7 hours at 6 DEG C, then general Seed is placed on dry, ventilation, shady and cool place, and storing the time 10 hours or more spare；
Step 2: configuration compounding Multifunctional coating agent: according to parts by weight by 4 parts of composite bacteria agent, 7 parts of starch, carbendazim 20 Part, 4 parts of pyrrole worm quinoline wettable powder, 2 parts of gibberellin, 0.9 part of root-inducing powder, 20 parts of attapulgite, 9 parts of bentonite, sulfuric acid are sub- 2 parts of iron, 4 parts of calper calcium peroxide, in 14 parts of addition high-speed mixers of 6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and water, turns 2 parts of zinc sulfate in stirring Speed is 350r/min, temperature is to stir 2 hours at 35 DEG C；
Step 3: prepare germination cause liquid: according to parts by weight by methyl support not 5 parts of saliva, 2 parts of tetracycline, 4 parts of calcium chloride, 5 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of Peracetic Acid, 20 parts of potassium permanganate, 0.9 part of 1- niacin, 0.5 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and 110 parts of water It is added in high-speed mixer, is stirred 2 hours in the case where speed of agitator is 350r/min, temperature is 35 DEG C；
Step 4: germination causes solution seed soaking: step 1 is handled into spare sorghum seeds and is added in germination initiation solution, Initiator temperature is warming up to 55 DEG C, according to every 250ml initiator solution: the ratio mixing of 1kg sorghum seeds is impregnated 4 hours, then Seed is pulled out, draining 60 minutes；
Step 5: seed coating: by step 4, treated that sorghum seeds are put into pelletizer, is prepared with equipped with step 2 The flow feeder alignment seed of compounding Multifunctional coating agent spray into coating agent, make equably to be stained with coating agent outside seed, then send Enter drying machine drying, drying temperature is 36 DEG C；
Step 6: soil pre-processes: selection on the sunny side, loose fertile field, plough deeply 32cm depth, exposure 6 days, according to adding per acre Add the nutrition improvement fertilizer of 1200kg uniformly to spread in the soil, ploughs thin leveling, native face of raking after making base fertilizer be thoroughly mixed into soil；Institute State the raw material that nutrition improvement fertilizer includes following parts by weight: 20 parts of medical stone, 14 parts of feldspar powder, 25 parts of attapulgite, swelling Native 10 parts, 9 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 50 parts of fermentation product, 9 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 9 parts of nitrogen potash fertilizer, 15 parts of decomposed cake fertilizer, human excrement 20 parts of urine；It with 30% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is made into 1000 times of liquid within 20 days before planting and is sprayed on after earth's surface and surface soil is ploughed under into soil layer；
Step 7: sowing: according to line-spacing 90cm excavate depth be 14cm, the planting ditch that width is 18cm, plant planting ditch in uniformly pour One layer of base fertilizer；The base fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 15 parts of humic fertilizer, 5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), and 0.7 part of potassium sulfate, sulfuric acid 0.6 part of zinc, 0.5 part of manganese sulfate, 0.09 part of boric acid, 2 parts of nicotine concentrate；Sowing time is first arrival mid-April in lunar calendar April, Selection fine day is sowed needs 1.6 kilograms of seeds per acre, seed is uniformly sowed in planting ditch on base fertilizer, then earthing thickness 5cm, broadcasts It is covered afterwards using mulch, mulch is transparent mulch, a membrane cover duplicate rows；
Step 8: seedling stage field management: putting seedling, start to put seedling when seedling length to 2-3 leaf, i.e., it is small mulch to be needled exposing Seedling；Sealing of hole: the seedling during 3-4 leaf, 5-6 leaf phase final singling, and look into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings；Seedling balled transplanting is located to being short of seedling when filling the gaps with seedlings, Teeming water；Plant grows to 30-40 centimeters of water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and watering in later 17 days is primary, and entire growth cycle pours 13 water, and intertillage removes Grass；
Step 9: seedling stage blade face manages: by weight selection 4 parts of Boratex, 4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Prohexadione calcium urea 3 Part, 6 parts of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, the common mixing of 3 parts of benayl aminopurine constitute leaves fertilizer resistant to lodging, seedling stage of the leaf fertilizer resistant to lodging in sorghum, jointing Phase and respectively primary to sorghum plant sprinkling, application concentration 1.4% of choosing the flag phase；
Step 10: harvesting: when sorghum is in wax ripeness early period, sorghum plant is cut down, its fruit ear is cut, fruit ear is stacked, The covering of exterior plastic film is opened plastic film and is dried after stacking processing in 4-6 days, and threshing after drying becomes into Product high quality sorghum.
Composite bacteria agent in step two in the present embodiment includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 1 part of Streptomyces jingyangensis, acidity 4 parts of cellulase, 5 parts of Bacillus, 4 parts of saccharomycete, 4 parts of urase, 2 parts of aspergillus oryzae.
Chinese medicine slag in step six in the present embodiment is the fruit of glossy privet, radix polygonati officinalis, Radix Notoginseng, hawthorn, ginseng, dried orange peel, ginger, soap The dregs of a decoction after angle, kuh-seng, aloe, wild chrysanthemum, the coptis, green tea extraction；The decomposed cake fertilizer is rape cake, peanut cake, soybean cake Mixture rice washing water, what fermentation obtained for retting 3 months.
When putting seedling in the step eight in the present embodiment, mulch designated port diameter 5cm is needled.
Nicotine concentrate in step seven in the present embodiment is prepared in the following way: by weight by 10 parts of tobacco leaf It is heated to boil with 40 parts of water, small fire decocts after sixty minutes, and filtering is concentrated up to nicotine concentrate.
Tillage and weeding in step eight in the present embodiment are as follows: between growth stages of sorghum, situation occurs according to weeds, in implementation Weeding 3 times.
Embodiment 3.
A kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: seed selection: acquisition plant is neat, and growth potential is good, and fringe is big, full seed fruit ear threshing, removal impurity and Dust is thinly spread out, is placed in exposure 17 hours under sunlight, was stirred during exposure every 1.5 hours once, make seed drying Degree is consistent, then by the seed shone be 44 DEG C in temperature at place 6 hours, then placing temperature is to place 6 hours at 4 DEG C, then Seed is placed on dry, ventilation, shady and cool place, storing the time 9 hours or more spare；
Step 2: configuration compounding Multifunctional coating agent: according to parts by weight by 3 parts of composite bacteria agent, 6 parts of starch, carbendazim 15 Part, 3 parts of pyrrole worm quinoline wettable powder, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.8 part of root-inducing powder, 17 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of bentonite, sulfuric acid Ferrous 1.5 parts, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of calper calcium peroxide, in 12 parts of addition high-speed mixers of 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and water, Speed of agitator is 300r/min, temperature is to stir 1.5 hours at 30 DEG C；
Step 3: preparing germination causes liquid: according to parts by weight by methyl support not 4 parts of saliva, 1.5 parts of tetracycline, calcium chloride 3 Part, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 15 parts of Peracetic Acid, 15 parts of potassium permanganate, 0.8 part of 1- niacin, 0.4 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and water 105 In part addition high-speed mixer, stirred 1.5 hours in the case where speed of agitator is 300r/min, temperature is 30 DEG C；
Step 4: germination causes solution seed soaking: step 1 is handled into spare sorghum seeds and is added in germination initiation solution, Initiator temperature is warming up to 53 DEG C, according to every 230ml initiator solution: the ratio mixing of 1kg sorghum seeds is impregnated 3.5 hours, Seed is pulled out again, draining 50 minutes；
Step 5: seed coating: by step 4, treated that sorghum seeds are put into pelletizer, is prepared with equipped with step 2 The flow feeder alignment seed of compounding Multifunctional coating agent spray into coating agent, make equably to be stained with coating agent outside seed, then send Enter drying machine drying, drying temperature is 34 DEG C；
Step 6: soil pre-processes: selection on the sunny side, loose fertile field, plough deeply 30cm depth, exposure 5 days, according to adding per acre Add the nutrition improvement fertilizer of 1000kg uniformly to spread in the soil, ploughs thin leveling, native face of raking after making base fertilizer be thoroughly mixed into soil；Institute State the raw material that nutrition improvement fertilizer includes following parts by weight: 15 parts of medical stone, 11 parts of feldspar powder, 20 parts of attapulgite, swelling Native 7 parts, 8 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 45 parts of fermentation product, 7 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 8 parts of nitrogen potash fertilizer, 13 parts of decomposed cake fertilizer, human excrement 15 parts of urine；It with 30% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is made into 1000 times of liquid within 15 days before planting and is sprayed on after earth's surface and surface soil is ploughed under into soil layer；
Step 7: sowing: according to line-spacing 85cm excavate depth be 13cm, the planting ditch that width is 17cm, plant planting ditch in uniformly pour One layer of base fertilizer；The base fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 13 parts of humic fertilizer, 4 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), and 0.6 part of potassium sulfate, sulfuric acid 0.5 part of zinc, 0.4 part of manganese sulfate, 0.07 part of boric acid, 1.5 parts of nicotine concentrate；Sowing time is in first arrival in lunar calendar April April In ten days, select fine day to be sowed needs 1.5 kilograms of seeds per acre, and seed is uniformly sowed in planting ditch on base fertilizer, and then earthing is thick 4cm is covered after broadcasting using mulch, and mulch is transparent mulch, a membrane cover duplicate rows；
Step 8: seedling stage field management: putting seedling, start to put seedling when seedling length to 2-3 leaf, i.e., it is small mulch to be needled exposing Seedling；Sealing of hole: the seedling during 3-4 leaf, 5-6 leaf phase final singling, and look into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings；Seedling balled transplanting is located to being short of seedling when filling the gaps with seedlings, Teeming water；Plant grows to 30-40 centimeters of water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and watering in later 16 days is primary, and entire growth cycle pours 11 water, and intertillage removes Grass；
Step 9: seedling stage blade face manages: by weight selection 3 parts of Boratex, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Prohexadione calcium urea 2 Part, 5 parts of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, the common mixing of 2 parts of benayl aminopurine constitute leaves fertilizer resistant to lodging, seedling stage of the leaf fertilizer resistant to lodging in sorghum, jointing Phase and respectively primary to sorghum plant sprinkling, application concentration 1.1% of choosing the flag phase；
Step 10: harvesting: when sorghum is in wax ripeness early period, sorghum plant is cut down, its fruit ear is cut, fruit ear is stacked, The covering of exterior plastic film is opened plastic film and is dried after stacking processing in 4-6 days, and threshing after drying becomes into Product high quality sorghum.
Composite bacteria agent in step two in the present embodiment includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 0.8 part of Streptomyces jingyangensis, acid Property 3 parts of cellulase, 4 parts of Bacillus, 3 parts of saccharomycete, 3 parts of urase, 1.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae.
Chinese medicine slag in step six in the present embodiment is the fruit of glossy privet, radix polygonati officinalis, Radix Notoginseng, hawthorn, ginseng, dried orange peel, ginger, soap The dregs of a decoction after angle, kuh-seng, aloe, wild chrysanthemum, the coptis, green tea extraction；The decomposed cake fertilizer is rape cake, peanut cake, soybean cake Mixture rice washing water, what fermentation obtained for retting 2.5 months.
When putting seedling in the step eight in the present embodiment, mulch designated port diameter 5cm is needled.
Nicotine concentrate in step seven in the present embodiment is prepared in the following way: by weight by 9 parts of tobacco leaf It is heated to boil with 35 parts of water, after small fire decocts 45 minutes, filtering is concentrated up to nicotine concentrate.
Tillage and weeding in step eight in the present embodiment are as follows: between growth stages of sorghum, situation occurs according to weeds, in implementation Weeding 2 times.
Four groups each 20 kilograms of wheat wheat seeds are taken respectively, and wherein 1-3 group uses sorghum seed selection high yield green ring of the invention Cultural method is protected, the 4th group uses other common cultural methods, and test result is as follows:
A kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield of the invention, Output of Sorghum is higher, good in economic efficiency, raw The disease-resistant of sorghum seedling is combated a natural disaster and the immunity of itself is stronger in growth process, while the insemination and emergence rate of seed is high, is conducive to resist The use of dry sowing kind, a variety of organic fertilizer and seed coat agent keeps a full stand of seedings strong sprout with significant effect to emergence, and the sorghum later period is not easy Lodging, the Chinese sorghum nutritive of growth is abundant, and for entire planting process agriculture chemical using less, green is harmless, mentions for large-scale planting For sound assurance, practical value with higher and good application prospect.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims Variation is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art The other embodiments being understood that.

Claims (10)

  1. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 1. a kind of sorghum is chosen seeds, which comprises the following steps:
    Step 1: seed selection: acquisition plant is neat, and growth potential is good, and fringe is big, full seed fruit ear threshing, removes impurity and dust, It thinly spreads out, is placed under sunlight exposure 15-20 hours, stirred during exposure every 1-2 hours once, make seed drying degree Unanimously, then by the seed shone temperature be 42-46 DEG C at places 5-7 hour, then place temperature be 2-6 DEG C at placement 5-7 it is small When, seed is then placed on dry, ventilation, shady and cool place, storing the time 8-10 hours or more is spare；
    Step 2: configuration compounding Multifunctional coating agent: according to parts by weight by 2-4 parts of composite bacteria agent, 5-7 parts of starch, carbendazim 10- 20 parts, 2-4 parts of pyrrole worm quinoline wettable powder, 1-2 parts of gibberellin, 0.7-0.9 parts of root-inducing powder, 15-20 parts of attapulgite, swelling 7-9 parts native, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2-4 parts of calper calcium peroxide, 4-6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 10-14 parts of water It is added in high-speed mixer, is stirred 1-2 hours in the case where speed of agitator is 250-350r/min, temperature is 25-35 DEG C；
    Step 3: preparing germination causes liquid: according to parts by weight by not saliva 3-5 parts of methyl support, 1-2 parts of tetracycline, calcium chloride 2-4 Part, 3-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 10-20 parts of Peracetic Acid, 10-20 parts of potassium permanganate, 0.7-0.9 parts of 1- niacin, 6-benzyl aminopurine In 0.3-0.5 parts and water 100-110 parts of addition high-speed mixer, speed of agitator is 250-350r/min, temperature is 25-35 DEG C Lower stirring 1-2 hours；
    Step 4: germination causes solution seed soaking: step 1 being handled spare sorghum seeds and is added in germination initiation solution, is caused Agent temperature is warming up to 50-55 DEG C, according to every 200-250ml initiator solution: it is small to impregnate 3-4 for the ratio mixing of 1kg sorghum seeds When, then seed is pulled out, draining 40-60 minutes；
    Step 5: seed coating: by step 4, treated that sorghum seeds are put into pelletizer, with answering equipped with step 2 preparation Flow feeder alignment seed with Multifunctional coating agent sprays into coating agent, makes equably to be stained with coating agent outside seed, is re-fed into baking Dry machine drying, drying temperature are 32-36 DEG C；
    Step 6: soil pre-process: selection on the sunny side, loose fertile field, plough deeply 27-32cm depth, exposure 4-6 days, according to per acre The nutrition improvement fertilizer of addition 800-1200kg is uniformly spread in the soil, is ploughed thin leveling, is raked after so that base fertilizer is thoroughly mixed into soil Native face；The nutrition improvement fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-20 parts of medical stone, 8-14 parts of feldspar powder, concave convex rod 15-25 parts native, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 7-9 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 40-50 parts of fermentation product, 5-9 parts of plant ash, 3-5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, nitrogen 7-9 parts of potash fertilizer, it is cake fertilizer 10-15 parts decomposed, 10-20 parts of night soil；It is made into before planting with 30% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate within 10-20 days 1000 times of liquid are sprayed on after earth's surface surface soil ploughing under soil layer；
    Step 7: sowing: according to line-spacing 80-90cm excavate depth be 12-14cm, the planting ditch that width is 16-18cm, plant planting ditch in uniformly Pour one layer of base fertilizer；The base fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of humic fertilizer, 3-5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), and potassium sulfate 0.5-0.7 parts, 0.4-0.6 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.3-0.5 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.05-0.09 parts of boric acid, 1-2 parts of nicotine concentrate；It broadcasts The kind time is first arrival mid-April in lunar calendar April, and select fine day to be sowed needs 1.4-1.6 kilograms of seed per acre, and seed is uniform It is sowed in planting ditch on base fertilizer, then earthing thickness 3-5cm, is covered after broadcasting using mulch, mulch is transparent mulch, and a membrane cover is double Row；
    Step 8: seedling stage field management: putting seedling, start to put seedling when seedling length to 2-3 leaf, i.e., mulch is needled exposing seedling；Envelope Hole: the seedling during 3-4 leaf, 5-6 leaf phase final singling, and look into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings；By seedling balled transplanting to the place that is short of seedling, teeming when filling the gaps with seedlings Water；Plant grows to 30-40 centimeters of water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and watering in later 15-17 days is primary, and entire growth cycle pours 9-13 water, and intertillage removes Grass；
    Step 9: seedling stage blade face manages: by weight selection Boratex 2-4 parts, 2-4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Prohexadione calcium urea 1-3 parts, 4-6 parts of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, 1-3 parts of benayl aminopurine common mixing composition leaf fertilizer resistant to lodging, seedling of the leaf fertilizer resistant to lodging in sorghum Phase, jointing stage and respectively primary to sorghum plant sprinkling, the application concentration 0.8%-1.4% that chooses the flag phase；
    Step 10: harvesting: when sorghum is in wax ripeness early period, sorghum plant is cut down, its fruit ear is cut, fruit ear is stacked, external application Plastic film covering is opened plastic film and is dried after stacking processing in 4-6 days, and it is excellent to become finished product for threshing after drying Matter sorghum.
  2. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 2. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step Composite bacteria agent in two includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 0.5-1 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 2-4 parts of acidic cellulase, Bacillus 3-5 parts, 2-4 parts of saccharomycete, 2-4 parts of urase, 1-2 parts of aspergillus oryzae.
  3. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 3. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step Chinese medicine slag in six is the fruit of glossy privet, radix polygonati officinalis, Radix Notoginseng, hawthorn, ginseng, dried orange peel, ginger, gleditsia sinensis, kuh-seng, aloe, wild chrysanthemum, Huang Even, the dregs of a decoction after green tea extracts；The decomposed cake fertilizer is rape cake, peanut cake, soybean cake mixture rice washing water, and ferment retting 2- It obtains within 3 months.
  4. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 4. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step When putting seedling in eight, mulch designated port diameter 5cm is needled.
  5. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 5. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step Nicotine concentrate in seven is prepared in the following way: by weight 8-10 parts of tobacco leaf and 30-40 parts of water is heated to boil, After small fire decocts 40-60 minutes, filtering is concentrated up to nicotine concentrate.
  6. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 6. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step Tillage and weeding in eight are as follows: between growth stages of sorghum, situation occurs according to weeds, implements tillage and weeding 2-3 times.
  7. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 7. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step Two are as follows:
    Configuration compounding Multifunctional coating agent: according to parts by weight by 3 parts of composite bacteria agent, 6 parts of starch, 15 parts of carbendazim, pyrrole worm quinoline 3 parts of wettable powder, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.8 part of root-inducing powder, 17 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of bentonite, 1.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, sulphur 1.5 parts of sour zinc, 3 parts of calper calcium peroxide in 12 parts of addition high-speed mixers of 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and water, are in speed of agitator 300r/min, temperature are to stir 1.5 hours at 30 DEG C.
  8. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 8. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step Three are as follows:
    Prepare germination cause liquid: according to parts by weight by methyl support not 4 parts of saliva, 1.5 parts of tetracycline, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 105 parts of 15 parts of Peracetic Acid, 15 parts of potassium permanganate, 0.8 part of 1- niacin, 0.4 part of 6-benzyl aminopurine and water addition high-speed stirrings It mixes in machine, is stirred 1.5 hours in the case where speed of agitator is 300r/min, temperature is 30 DEG C.
  9. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 9. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step Nutrition improvement fertilizer in six includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 15 parts of medical stone, 11 parts of feldspar powder, 20 parts of attapulgite, 7 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 45 parts of fermentation product, 7 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 8 parts of nitrogen potash fertilizer, 13 parts of decomposed cake fertilizer, 15 parts of night soil.
  10. The environmentally protective cultural method of high yield 10. a kind of sorghum according to claim 1 is chosen seeds, which is characterized in that the step Rapid seven are as follows: sowing: according to line-spacing 85cm excavate depth be 13cm, the planting ditch that width is 17cm, plant planting ditch in uniformly pour one layer of base fertilizer； The base fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 13 parts of humic fertilizer, 4 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), and 0.6 part of potassium sulfate, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.4 part of manganese sulfate, 0.07 part of boric acid, 1.5 parts of nicotine concentrate；Sowing time is first arrival mid-April in lunar calendar April, is selected fine It is sowed needs 1.5 kilograms of seeds per acre, seed is uniformly sowed in planting ditch on base fertilizer, then earthing thickness 4cm, is used after broadcasting Mulch is covered, and mulch is transparent mulch, a membrane cover duplicate rows.
CN201710882102.4A 2017-09-26 2017-09-26 A kind of sorghum seed selection environmentally protective cultural method of high yield Pending CN109673429A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190426