CN101578941A

CN101578941A - Planting technique of tufty rice corns

Info

Publication number: CN101578941A
Application number: CNA2008100728808A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 斯力木·马木提
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-05-14
Filing date: 2008-05-14
Publication date: 2009-11-18
Anticipated expiration: 2028-05-14
Also published as: CN101578941B

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting technique of tufty rice corns, comprising field cultivation or interplanting. The planting technique of the tufty rice corns comprises the following steps: selecting fields; irrigating in winter; selecting and processing seeds; drying the fields; sowing the seeds; fixing seedlings and plants; fertilizing and watering the fields; and entering a ripening stage, wherein seeds of tall rice corns are selected to be planted, and the height of stalks is 2.0-3.0 meters; high-quality fields are selected to plant, each acre of the fields harvests 50-70 percent of plants with 5-10 ears; varieties are selected for more than 10 years and are suitable for severe environments with long sunshine duration of rainless regions and short phenological periods, have short growth periods, fast ripening and high disease-resistant capability and are not only suitable for the field cultivation but also suitable for the interplanting in cotton fields, melon fields, vineyards, walnut gardens, almond groves and date tree groves, therefore, the varieties not only saves the fields but also saves the labor. The obtained rice corns contain about 20 percent of protein, 2 percent of oil and fat, 8 percent of salt and organic matters and 70 percent of nutritive matters, have high dietary value and can be taken as a health-care food. The planting technique is continuously consummated, has continuous increasing yields, the yields per acre in 2007 are about 2500 kilograms, each kilogram is calculated by 2-3 RMB, and earnings are 5000-7500 RMB; and rice corn stalks can be used as feeds and for producing methane so as to solve the problem of shaking off poverty for the location.

Description

The planting technology of the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes

Technical field

The present invention relates to the crop-planting technology, the particularly plantation of arid biogeographic zone Chinese sorghum crop especially adapts to the planting technology of the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes.

Background technology

White Chinese sorghum is one of crops of the extensive plantation of Turfan Prefecture, and White Chinese sorghum nutritive is worth high, and cause for gossip is good, also is considered as medicine and uses on Uygur medicine; Along with going deep into of alimentology research, the demand of people's dialogue Chinese sorghum increases severely day by day, has now become cardiovascular, diabetes, the patient's that gets fat staple food; Refine fuel oil with sorghum stalk, use the sorghum stalk producing methane, make feed to become the abundant existence resource in farming and pastoral area with sorghum stalk.

Lu Keqin town, Turfan Prefecture Shanshan County is because of planting earlier in the white sorghum variety of many fringes, because the discovery of the Mukam epic of historical origin, this town in 1992 is by the township of national Ministry of Culture called after Mukam, so claim this kind to be " No. 1, the township of Mukam " in the locality.

At present, Turfan Prefecture is many with the economic crops of plantation grape, vegetables, cotton, melon and fruit, and crops are on the low side, and the Chinese sorghum cultivated area still need enlarge, and white Chinese sorghum is expensive more dimly, and the white Chinese sorghum of particularly many fringes just lacks more.This strain was through screening in more than 10 years, it is long to be fit to the arid biogeographic zone sunshine time, the adverse circumstances that phenophase is short, growth cycle is short, ripe fast, resistance against diseases is strong, not only adapts in the also suitable cotton field of cultivation of fields, melon ground, vineyard, walnut garden, apricot woods, the jujube tree woods to interplant, not only economize ground but also saving of labor, highlighted creativity consciousness.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to: the planting technology that the white Chinese sorghum of the many fringes of a kind of arid biogeographic zone is provided, kind was through screening in more than 10 years, it is long to be fit to the arid biogeographic zone sunshine time, the adverse circumstances that phenophase is short, growth cycle is short, and ripe fast, resistance against diseases is strong, not only adapt in the also suitable cotton field of cultivation of fields, melon ground, vineyard, walnut garden, apricot woods, the jujube tree woods and interplant, not only economized but also the saving of labor.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the planting technology of the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes, comprise cultivation of fields or interplanting, and planting technology contains choosing ground, winter irrigation; Seed screening and processing; Dry in the air ground, the sowing; Strain is decided in final singling; Fertilizing, watering; The step in maturing stage;

Choosing ground, winter irrigation: as the Chinese sorghum land used, pine turns over the back winter irrigation away from the outer wasteland of 1-3 kilometer or cultivated land in choosing, and next year uses;

Seed screening with handle: it is tall and big to gather plant, and how full fringe is, and the good fruit of genetic character is as the seed kind; Before the plantation, seed needs to soak 2.5-3.5 hour in 50-55 degree water Celsius, places in the cold water again and soaks 4.5-5.5 hour; Treat that the sorghum seeds crust comes off and to plant;

Dry in the air ground, the sowing: use sufficient base fertilizer before the plantation, sheep excrement 480-520 kilogram/mu, chemical fertilizer 45-55 kilogram/mu; Water, plant behind the ground that dries in the air; Need put in order ground during sowing, plough deeply ground 40-50 centimetre, sowing when spending that ground temperature reaches 15-20 Celsius, every mu of ground sowing quantity is the 20-30 gram;

Strain is decided in final singling: seedling is long during to the 8-12 centimetre, and seedling 3-5 strain/every square is stayed in the beginning field planting, stays seedling 2600-2800 strain/mu;

Fertilizing, watering: the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes need be hoed the fields once from planting ripening period, all before a water; Plant is long watered once to the 40-50 centimetre water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles in later 18-22 days, and the whole growth cycle, 9-10 water was advisable; Wherein, water for the first time and execute urea 35-45 kilogram/mu, water and execute urea 4-6 kilogram/mu the second time, waters for the third time and execute nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer 45-55 kilogram/mu, waters for the 4th time and to execute urea 5-6 kilogram/mu;

Maturing stage: the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes is divided three batches of plantations: high stalk Chinese sorghum 15-25 in April day plants, maturing stage 140-150 days; In cultivate maturing stage 110-120 days stalk Chinese sorghum 5-15 in May day; Weak point is cultivated maturing stage 105-110 days stalk Chinese sorghum 15-25 in July day.

Above-mentioned planting technology is selected high stalk Chinese sorghum seed kind plantation, the high 2.0-3.0 rice of stalk.

Above-mentioned planting technology adopts high-quality ground plantation Chinese sorghum, and the plant of 5-10 fringe of every mu of ground knot accounts for 50-70%.

Described planting technology, this kind also suit on cotton field, melon ground, and interplant in apricot, the jujube tree woods in vineyard, walnut garden.

The white sorghum variety of many fringes of the present invention's plantation is local fine quality (No. 1, the township of Mukam), contains protein about 20%; Grease 2%; 8% salt and organic matter, nutriment reaches 70%, and the edibility height can be cooked health food.Through screening in more than 10 years, technology was constantly consummate, and output continues to rise, about 2500 kilograms of per mu yield in 2007, and per kilogram is pressed 2-3 unit and is calculated income 5000-7500 unit; Per kilogram is by 5 yuan of calculating, 12500 yuan of incomes after the deep processing; In addition sorghum stalk is done feed, producing methane and all be can be the locality and solved the predicament of shaking off poverty, and shows society and technological progress.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described.The planting technology of the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes, embodiment is as follows:

Embodiment

The test plantation:

Phase I: interplanted the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes on April 20th, 1996 in the vineyard, find two strain stalks high 1 meter with 2 meters Chinese sorghum, plant produced 6 fringes and 10 fringes when tillered August, October is when gathering in the crops, stalk is high 1.5 meters and 2.3 meters, and thick 0.12 meter and 0.14 meter of stalk is with stalk, the reduction of fractions to a common denominator, drying to deposit behind the seed maturity, after 1997-2000 planted continuously with this seed kind, many fringes plant reached 30-40%.

Second stage: 2001-2006, the white Chinese sorghum of choosing knot 5-10 fringe is cooked the seed kind and plants, and executes urea, two ammonia fertilizers and enough sheep excrement, when watering for the third time, abundant dressing fertilizer, many fringes rate reaches 40-50%.

Phase III: the white Chinese sorghum seed of selected many fringes kind in 2007, in high-quality ground plantation, every mu of ground 140 kilograms of Oletum Columba livias that apply fertilizer to the subsoil, 1000 kilograms sheep excrement, 80 kilograms urea; For guaranteeing seed kind purity, sample plot is outside 1 kilometer; Ensure loose ground, plantation, water on time and topdress and manage; The result be the sorghum stalk height at 2.6-3.0 rice, thick about 0.12 meter of stalk, every mu the knot 5 fringes plant account for 50%, the knot 5 above fringes plant account for 20%; Fringe is big nearly weighs 200 grams, 2500 kilograms of every mu of about outputs in ground.

The above-mentioned white Chinese sorghum of many fringes is divided three batches of plantations: high stalk Chinese sorghum 15-25 in April day plants, maturing stage 140-150 days; In cultivate maturing stage 110-120 days stalk Chinese sorghum 5-15 in May day; Short cultivating stalk Chinese sorghum 15-25 in July day, ripe about 105-110 days.

The above-mentioned white Chinese sorghum of many fringes need be hoed the fields once from planting ripening period, all before a water; Plant is long watered once to about the 40 centimeters water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles in later 20 days, and the whole growth cycle, 10 water were advisable; Wherein, water for the first time and execute 40 kilograms/mu in urea, water for the second time and execute 5 kilograms/mu in urea, water for the third time and execute 50 kilograms/mu in nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, water for the 4th time and to execute 6 kilograms/mu in urea.

The above-mentioned white Chinese sorghum of many fringes, interplanting economizes ground, water-saving in cotton field, melon ground, vineyard, walnut garden, apricot woods, jujube tree woods, many seasons income.

Claims

1, the planting technology of the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes comprises cultivation of fields or interplanting, it is characterized in that: planting technology contains choosing ground, winter irrigation; Seed screening and processing; Dry in the air ground, the sowing; Strain is decided in final singling; Fertilizing, watering; The step in maturing stage;

A. choosing ground, winter irrigation: as the Chinese sorghum land used, pine turns over the back winter irrigation away from the outer wasteland of 1-3 kilometer or cultivated land in choosing, and next year uses;

B. seed screening with handle: it is tall and big to gather plant, and how full fringe is, and the good fruit of genetic character is as the seed kind; Before the plantation, seed needs to soak 2.5-3.5 hour in 50-55 degree water Celsius, places in the cold water again and soaks 4.5-5.5 hour; Treat that the sorghum seeds crust comes off and to plant;

C. dry in the air ground, the sowing: use sufficient base fertilizer before the plantation, sheep excrement 480-520 kilogram/mu, chemical fertilizer 45-55 kilogram/mu; Water, plant behind the ground that dries in the air; Need put in order ground during sowing, plough deeply ground 40-50 centimetre, sowing when spending that ground temperature reaches 15-20 Celsius, every mu of ground sowing quantity is the 20-30 gram;

D. strain is decided in final singling: seedling is long during to the 8-12 centimetre, and seedling 3-5 strain/every square is stayed in the beginning field planting, stays seedling 2600-2800 strain/mu;

E. fertilizing, watering: the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes need be hoed the fields once from planting ripening period, all before a water; Plant is long watered once to the 40-50 centimetre water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles in later 18-22 days, and the whole growth cycle, 9-10 water was advisable; Wherein, water for the first time and execute urea 35-45 kilogram/mu, water and execute urea 4-6 kilogram/mu the second time, waters for the third time and execute nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer 45-55 kilogram/mu, waters for the 4th time and to execute urea 5-6 kilogram/mu;

F. maturing stage: the white Chinese sorghum of many fringes is divided three batches of plantations: high stalk Chinese sorghum 15-25 in April day plants, maturing stage 140-150 days; In cultivate maturing stage 110-120 days stalk Chinese sorghum 5-15 in May day; Weak point is cultivated maturing stage 105-110 days stalk Chinese sorghum 15-25 in July day.

2, planting technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: select high stalk Chinese sorghum seed kind plantation, the high 2.0-3.0 rice of stalk.

3, planting technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt high-quality ground plantation Chinese sorghum, the plant of 5-10 fringe of every mu of ground knot accounts for 50-70%.

4, planting technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this kind also suits on cotton field, melon ground, and interplant in apricot, the jujube tree woods in vineyard, walnut garden.