CN101642020B - High-yield method for cultivating wheat, corn, cotton and rape by improving plant forms - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a high-yield method for cultivating wheat, corn, cotton and rape by improving plant forms, which is novel chemical control technique using pesticide-added compound fertilizer. In the method, the chemical control of the conventional plant vegetative growth period is changed into the chemical control of the conversion period from the vegetative growth to the reproductive growth so as to obviously strengthen the roots of the wheat, corn, cotton and rape, thicken and strengthen stems, shorten internodes and reduce the plant height, greatly improve the utilization of water, fertilizer, light and heat resources by the plants, substantially improve the yield and achieve the ratio of technical application cost to increasing economic benefit of more than 1:100.

Description

Wheat, corn, cotton, rape by improving plant forms cultivation method

Technical field

Application technology relates to agriculture field in this application, relates in particular to crops large tracts of land high-yield culture technique.

Background technology

Crop yield is directly related with field planting density, and rational close planting has been traditional production technique, and the output after the rational close planting and water, fertilizer, light, thermal resource availability are directly related; Except that damage by disease and insect, arid also can influence the utilization of resources and the underproduction, and this can change through water conservancy projects; The overcast and rainy wheat lodging underproduction that but can let prosperous length in booting stage, and have a strong impact on mechanical harvest can let also empty stalk rate increases the underproduction after the corn excessive growth of the prosperous length of trumpet period; Also can let the cotton overgrowing of prosperous length of flower bud phase make the fruit abscission rate underproduction, can also let the rape fruit branch underproduction out of control of the prosperous length of initial bloom stage, the culture technique of the prosperous length of control crops is the intertillage restraining the growth of seedlings and changes control; Because a large amount of the transfer with domestic animal power of the strong labour in rural area fallen sharply, the popularization of chemical weed control technology in addition, intertillage restraining the growth of seedlings area reduces year by year; And chemical control techniques such as the multiple-effect short that promotion is promoted, mepiquat chloride, chlormequat, Mai Yefeng are used time only for seedling stage, can only suppress the corps nutrient growth, can not improve plant forms; Can influence root growth on the contrary; The condition of a disaster that aggravation crops generative growth phase causes because of arid, also very humble to suppressing effect because of the overcast and rainy prosperous length that occurs, in order to ensure mechanical harvest; The peasant has abandoned the chemical control technique in seedling stage; It is out of control but all to adopt control water, the fertile passive measure of control to avoid wheat to fall shape, corn excessive growth, cotton overgrowing and rape fruit branch, has had a strong impact on the raising of large tracts of land output, and the peasant expects the chemical control technique safely and effectively that can use at the crops reproductive stage.

This application inventor has applied for " Florel potentiating leaf leaven and preparation method " patent of invention in 2002, grant patent (ZL021455236), this product select for use ethrel and Chinese prickly ash seed seed oil to be mixed and form; Use to the reproductive growth transition phase at plant vegetative growth,, accelerate the geotropism of root and grow through synthesizing ethylene in the external absorption ethene of crops and linolenic acid, the linoleic acid body; Promote that cell laterally expands, suppress cell elongation, protein is synthetic in the quickening fruit; Can produce that strong root, casing coupling, stem stalk are sturdy, the effect of fruit weightening finish, but in application, because ethrel belongs to water-soluble; And that Chinese prickly ash seed seed oil belongs to is fat-soluble, can not dissolve mutually after the two dissolves, and the shelf-life is short; Technology also required cumbersome when used in the field; Very easily because of operate miss causes poisoning, price has risen about 5 times with medicinal exploitation for Chinese prickly ash seed seed oil in addition, and application cost increases; This patented technology is transformed be obstructed, in the plant body, also can be converted into report (the list of references title: plant hormone that ethene and inversion quantity can be multiplied in conjunction with methionine; The author: (day) increases Tian Fangxiong etc.; Publisher: Science Press; The publication phase: in April, 1976 front page; The page number: 402 pages), the technological invention person substitutes Chinese prickly ash seed seed oil and ethrel preparation medicament-fertilizer mixture with the water-soluble amino acid that is rich in methionine, and large-scale demonstration on wheat, corn, cotton, rape has been obtained success.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is: adopt water-soluble substances to substitute vegetable oil and ethrel preparation medicament-fertilizer mixture, nourish and grow to reproductive growth transition phase foliage-spray at wheat, corn, cotton, rape, under the prerequisite that reduces the ethrel consumption; To more can accelerate the geotropism growth of root, promote that cell laterally expands, suppress cell elongation; Accelerate protein synthesis in the fruit; Produce that strong intuitively root, casing coupling, stem stalk are sturdy, the effect of fruit weightening finish, impel plant forms obviously to improve, significantly improve utilization and the lodging tolerance of plant water, fertilizer, light, thermal resource; Effectively control wheat, the prosperous length of rape and corn excessive growth, cotton overgrowing improve output significantly.

In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: prepare medicament-fertilizer mixture earlier, raw material is ethrel and chelating amino acids liquid fertilizer; Getting the chelating amino acids liquid fertilizer before the preparation crosses 1000 order filter clothes and must filtrate; During preparation by volume capacity measure filtrating and ethrel respectively with the 1:1 ratio, after the mixing medicament-fertilizer mixture, every mu of crops restrain medicament-fertilizer mixtures with 80 when spraying; Convert 20 kilograms in water; Evenly be sprayed on wheat, corn, cotton, the rape blade face, wherein wheat respectively sprayed once in phase of surviving the winter and booting stage, and corn in the trumpet period spray once.Cotton is sprayed once when the 5th fruit branch buddingged, and rape in the early flowering season spray once.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compare with the ethrel Synergistic foliage fertilizer, the former is the medicine oil mixture of the sharp and fat-soluble vegetable oil preparation of water-soluble ethylene, does not dissolve each other; Product is analysed layer, and it is rotten to become sour after every year, temperature was lower than 10 ℃ after autumn, shelf-life less than 1 year; The latter is the sharp medicament-fertilizer mixture of preparing with water-soluble amino acids of water-soluble ethylene; Product dissolves each other, and the shelf-life reached more than 3 years, and quality is more stable; The former restrains by mu consumption 100, and ethrel content is 66 grams, latter's mu consumption 80 grams, and ethrel content is lower than 50 grams, uses safer; The former product analyse a layer indissoluble when spraying the specification requirement difficulty big, stable being prone to of latter's product dissolved, and be convenient and swift when spraying; The former every mu of use 100 gram production costs are 3.69 yuan, and it is 1.61 yuan that latter's mu uses 80 gram production costs, and production cost has reduced by 56%; In order to improve this technology, the inventor set up " Hancheng City agricultural patented technology is changeed the demonstration garden " in 2005, and continuing with the linolenic acid foliage fertilizer is code name; By mistake do not carry out field trial and demonstration to farming season to all kinds of crops, facts have proved that this technology can improve plant forms intuitively, obviously reduced plant height; Root system is obviously increased weight, and high significantly utilization and the lodging tolerance of plant to water, fertilizer, light, thermal resource controlled wheat, corn, cotton, the prosperous length of rape effectively; The comparative trial through the field, wheat increase yield 9.3%, corn yield increasing 26%; Cotton raising the output 15%, oil produces raising the output 25%, and yield increase effect is very significantly; Increasing income for every mu has surpassed 160 yuan, and technical application cost and yield increase effect ratio are up to more than the 1:100.

Embodiment

1, medicament-fertilizer mixture preparation:

Purchase ethephon agent (ethrel content: 40% (m/m), product standard: HG2312-92), purchase chelating amino acids liquid fertilizer (international content amino acid >=100g/L again that Peng Pu chemical plant, Shanghai produces; Product standard: GB/T17419-1998); Must filtrate after earlier the chelating amino acids liquid fertilizer being crossed 1000 order filter clothes before the preparation, during preparation with graduated cylinder or measuring cup by volume capacity pour filtrating in the ethephon agent into the 1:1 ratio, after stirring evenly medicament-fertilizer mixture; Use for convenient, per 40 grams are adorned 1 bottle.

2, wheat, corn spraying method:

Wheat in each spray of the phase of surviving the winter and booting stage once, when serving as best spray after growing with boot leaf before the winter irrigation; Corn in trumpet period spray once, when serving as best spray when seeing that indivedual tassels expose; When cotton was best the spray from bottom to top when seedling stage, the 5th fruit branch buddingged; When rape sprayed for the best in the back early flowering season of surviving the winter; Mu is converted 20 kilograms in water (every bottle is converted 10 kilograms in water) with medicament-fertilizer mixture 80 grams, evenly is sprayed on corps leaf surface.Points for attention: select for use the crops of this technology must conform to two conditions, the one, rational close planting, the 2nd, sufficient before spraying with spray back soil moisture content, otherwise can cause the underproduction.

Claims (1)

1. a grow wheat, corn, cotton, rape by improving plant forms cultivation method: it is characterized in that: preparation medicament-fertilizer mixture earlier; Raw material is ethrel and chelating amino acids liquid fertilizer, get the chelating amino acids liquid fertilizer before the preparation and cross 1000 order filter clothes and must filtrate, during preparation by volume capacity measure filtrating and ethrel respectively with 1: 1 ratio; Get medicament-fertilizer mixture after the mixing; Every mu of crops are converted 20 kilograms in water with 80 gram medicament-fertilizer mixtures when spraying, and evenly are sprayed on wheat, corn, cotton, the rape blade face; Wherein wheat respectively sprayed once in phase of surviving the winter and booting stage; Corn sprays once at trumpet period, and cotton was sprayed once when seedling stage, the 5th fruit branch buddingged from bottom to top, and rape in the early flowering season spray once.