CN102640654B - Efficient culture method of tree type honeysuckle - Google Patents
Efficient culture method of tree type honeysuckle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102640654B CN102640654B CN 201210144460 CN201210144460A CN102640654B CN 102640654 B CN102640654 B CN 102640654B CN 201210144460 CN201210144460 CN 201210144460 CN 201210144460 A CN201210144460 A CN 201210144460A CN 102640654 B CN102640654 B CN 102640654B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient culture method of tree type honeysuckle. The efficient culture method comprises the following steps that: the varieties of the tree type honeysuckle suitable for the local climate are selected, loose sand soil convenient to drain and irrigate is selected, a planting garden is built, and deep cultivation, fine rake and ridge cultivation are carried out; the transplanting is carried out in autumn, base fertilizers are applied before the transplanting, the soil filling and the compact pedaling are carried out, root fixing water is watered, and film covering or soil covering is carried out in winter according to the air temperature conditions to prevent the freezing and preserve soil moisture; intertillage is irregularly carried out for weeding while watering after the germination in spring; leaf fertilization is carried out after flower picking in each time; slight shearing to a proper degree is carried out after flower picking in each time, and the tree form is trimmed after the tree body dormancy in winter until the early sprouting period in spring; harvesting is carried out in a bud period, and the baking is carried out in a baking room after the harvesting. Other commercial crops and other medical materials such as white paeony roots can be interplanted between ridges in the first three years. When the method provided by the invention is adopted, the tree type honeysuckle can enter the full-bloom period one year in advance, so the yield per mu in the full-bloom period reaches more than 150kg, and the flowering time is shortened by more than 5 days in the whole year.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of culture technique of Chinese medicine, is a kind of efficient cultivation method that improves Tree honeysuckle output and quality specifically.
Background technology
Honeysuckle is China's tradition large traditional Chinese medicine commonly used.Stem of Flos Lonicerae, leaf, contain antibacterial activity composition chlorogenic acid in spending.In recent years, along with some epidemic diseases (as SARS, bird flu, hand-foot-and-mouth disease and Influenza A H1N1) outburst again and again, China's national health tissue is in the prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine of society and medical institutions' recommendation, and honeysuckle all becomes indispensable medicinal material.Therefore, honeysuckle in recent years extremely the pharmacist pursue.Constantly soaring from lasting price in 2007, market demand is the gesture that increases progressively year by year.
Honeysuckle mainly contains two large cultivated forms at present: tendril type and tree type.The plurality of advantages such as wherein, it is high that Tree honeysuckle has output than traditional common tendril type, and growth adaptability is strong, concrete comprises: (1) Tree honeysuckle well developed root system, and high in barren Hills survival rate, adaptability, strong stress resistance, impoverishment tolerant, drought-resistant, cold-resistant; (2) convenient management.Be the tree type on the Tree honeysuckle form, field production does not need to adhere to climbs thing, and investment of production is few, and after artificial truing, convenient management is picked flowers easily; (3) output is high.The Tree honeysuckle cluster on the joint of being born in newborn branch, and bud is very large, floricome is long, petal is thick, and output is high.(4) bloom often.Tree honeysuckle was bloomed 4 times in 1 year, and it is bloomed up to early winter from early summer, and this is more rare in other kind of honeysuckle.(5) purposes is wide, by pruning, can turn out honeysuckle potted landscape in different poses and with different expressions, also will be used for ecological recovery and town and country Urban Landscape Construction.Along with the intensification in market, the production of Tree honeysuckle and develop extremely people and pay close attention to.
But also have some problems in Tree honeysuckle production, be mainly manifested in the following aspects: (1) field planting is long to the time interval of full-bloom stage, just can reach full-bloom stage in common 4 years; (2) though Tree honeysuckle is not pruned, also can form tree crown, because Ye Dahua is many, branch does not bear a heavy burden and the face of throwing oneself on the ground that hangs down, and the tree type is not attractive in appearance, is sprouting the branch of giving birth to bud few, causes the few and stable yields not of colored output; Bloom for (3) one years four times, bloom for three times unevenly afterwards, output is little, poor quality.
The at present cultivation of relevant liana honeysuckle research has more report, about the cultivation research of Tree honeysuckle, a small amount of report is arranged also, but not for the peculiar characteristics of Tree honeysuckle growth, and not about improving the research of Tree honeysuckle yield and quality aspect.Emphasis of the present invention is for the difference of Tree honeysuckle and traditional tendril type honeysuckle growth characteristics, for the aspect that should be noted that especially in the Tree honeysuckle growth, reach as ground fertilising, pruning and foliar application method and follow the trail of by active ingredient, a kind of efficiency cultivation technology for high that improves targetedly Tree honeysuckle output and quality is provided.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the problem that exists in present Tree honeysuckle cultivation process, a kind of efficiency cultivation technology for high that improves Tree honeysuckle output and quality is provided.This technology in Tree honeysuckle cultivation process to output and the large step of quality influence, improve the growth rate of gold and silver flower seedling, impel to enter ahead of time full-bloom stage and bloom neatly, improve honeysuckle output and quality, reduce the recruitment cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is comprised of following steps:
1. kind is selected: select to be fit to the Tree honeysuckle kind of local climate, common are and cover gold No. one, No. 3, golden flower, No. 1, Jin Feng etc.
2. selection of land wholely: the soil is porous, the irrigation and drainage fertile husky earth that sandy loam, particularly humus layer are thicker easily is best in selection, sets up and plant the field, and condition massif, hillside fields preferably also can be as the plantation field.Because the Tree honeysuckle root system is more flourishing, therefore need to plough deeply ground than plantation tendril type honeysuckle, be beneficial to the growth of honeysuckle root system.Plough deeply 30-50cm, carry out meticulous raking, do furrow.
3. execute substrate fertilizer: executing substrate fertilizer is to guarantee the Tree honeysuckle stable yields, the step of improving root yield and quality-critical.Compare with not using substrate fertilizer, use substrate fertilizer the quality that Tree honeysuckle tree body is healthy and strong, the number of blooming increases, rear 3 quantity of blooming improve and spend is overally improved.Dig the hole of dark 20-40cm by seeding row spacing 2 * 2m, execute decomposed manure 5-10kg, urea 100-300g, superphosphate 100-300g, potassium sulphate 50-100g.First mix thoroughly with a small amount of mellow soil during fertilising, at the bottom of imposing on the cave before transplanting autumn.
4. transplant seedlings: transplant autumn, and 1 strain seedling is transplanted in every cave, and balled transplanting bankets, and normal root water is watered in having peace of mind, and winter is according to temperature situation overlay film or the antifreeze soil moisture conservation of earthing.Transplant with spring and compare, no matter transplant the gold and silver flower seedling autumn is all to improve a lot on growing way or flower yield.
5. intertill and clean tillage: follow to water after germinateing spring and irregularly carry out intertill and clean tillage, be beneficial to the growth of gold and silver flower seedling.
6. foliar application: foliar application has good absorbing, onset benefit rapidly.Tendril type honeysuckle does not need foliar application.Compare with common tendril type honeysuckle, Tree honeysuckle can be bloomed 4 times in 1 year, and the requirement of nutrient is very large, as untimely additional fertility, and the quantity that bloom the next time that can reduce, therefore, foliar application is the important step that guarantees 4 flowering qualities.Picked flowers rear 0-20 days at every turn, the colored the more foliage fertilizer (main component N, P, K) of foliage-spray U.S.'s product, spraying concentration is that 1500-2500 doubly dilutes.
7. prune: compare with traditional tendril type honeysuckle, it is particularly important that the pruning of Tree honeysuckle seems.Pruning comprise pick flowers at every turn rear to water sprout pruning and the integral body of tree type is pruned, generally speaking to pay attention to the control to the full tree type.Appropriateness is wanted in pruning after at every turn picking flowers.Branch after blooming is carried out light pruning, dredge and remove water sprout, reduce branch and intersect, for lower floor's branch stays enough sunlight, reduce simultaneously the unnecessary nutrient consumption of water sprout.The pruning of tree type is set after the body dormancy in the winter time to green sprouting in earlier stage carry out, suitably heavy pruning, every one deck keeps 4～6 major branches, every interlayer interval 10-20cm, keeping the tree body be circle, cuts off long branch.Branch under pruning etc. can be as the raw material of industrial abstract chlorogenic acid.
8. the processing of gathering: the flower bud phase gathers, gathered 4 times in 1 year, and the post-drying of gathering room oven dry.
9. interplanting: can other traditional Chinese medicines or other economic crops such as the row interplant root of herbaceous peonys, increase the output value in front 3 years.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. compare with traditional planting technology, the present invention is directed to the intrinsic characteristic of Tree honeysuckle growth, as well developed root system, the tree body is larger, blooms and waits often characteristic, proposes corresponding efficiency cultivation technology for high.Wherein, as execute substrate fertilizer and can make that Tree honeysuckle tree body is healthy and strong, the number of blooming increases, rear 3 quantity of blooming improve and the quality of flower is overally improved.Foliar application can in time replenish the Tree honeysuckle fertility, and the quantity that bloom the next time of raising keeps stable yields.Pruning can form good tree type, reduces because Ye Dahua is many, and branch does not bear a heavy burden and the vertical face of throwing oneself on the ground, the few and stable yields not of the colored output that causes.
2. compare with existing Tree honeysuckle culture technique, the technology of the present invention comes from test, and technical system is system more, adopts more advanced composite foliage fertilizer, and fertilizer ratio is more scientific rationally.
3. adopt the present invention can make Tree honeysuckle enter full-bloom stage in 1 year ahead of time, the full-bloom stage per mu yield is reached more than 150 kilograms, the annual shortening florescence is more than 5 days, and the quality of Flos Lonicerae of producing is largely increased.By improving 10 kilograms of calculating of per mu yield, by the existing market calculation of price, can improve per mu yield and be worth 1000 yuan.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is:
Embodiment 1 experiment in cultivation
1. kind is selected: the illiteracy gold of selecting to be fit to the Along North Jiangsu plantation carries out experiment in cultivation No. one.
2. the whole ground of selection of land: select the red stone of Donghai County precipice, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province ecological agriculture development Co., Ltd base, local meteorological condition: belong to the moistening monsoon climate in warm temperate zone, sunshine is sufficient, rain same season of heat, make a clear distinction between the four seasons, annual 225 days frost-free seasons, 2394 hours sunshine of annual, 913 millimeters of mean annual precipitations.The plantation of suitable honeysuckle selects that humus layer is thicker, the soil is porous, irrigation and drainage sandy loam easily, sets up the plantation.Plough deeply 40cm, carry out meticulous raking, do furrow.
3. execute substrate fertilizer: dig the hole of dark 30cm by seeding row spacing 2 * 2m, execute decomposed manure 10kg, urea 300g, superphosphate 300g, potassium sulphate 60g.First mix thoroughly with a small amount of mellow soil during fertilising, at the bottom of imposing on the cave before transplanting autumn.
4. transplant seedlings: transplant autumn, transplants 160 strains for every mu, and 1 strain seedling is transplanted in every cave, and balled transplanting bankets, and normal root water is watered in having peace of mind, and winter, overlay film was antifreeze.
5. intertill and clean tillage: follow to water after germinateing spring and irregularly carry out intertill and clean tillage, be beneficial to the growth of gold and silver flower seedling.
6. foliar application: picked flowers rear 10 days at every turn, the colored the more foliage fertilizer (main component N, P, K) of foliage-spray U.S.'s product, spraying concentration is 2000 times of dilutions.
7. prune: pick flowers at every turn and rear branch after blooming is carried out appropriate light pruning, dredge and remove water sprout, reduce branch and intersect, for lower floor's branch stays enough sunlight, reduce simultaneously the unnecessary nutrient consumption of water sprout.Carry out the pruning of tree type after setting in the winter time the body dormancy, suitably heavy pruning, every one deck keeps 4～6 major branches, every interlayer interval 20cm, it is circular keeping the tree body, cuts off long branch.Branches under pruning etc. are as the raw material of industrial abstract chlorogenic acid.
8. the processing of gathering: the flower bud phase gathers, gathered 4 times in 1 year, and the post-drying of gathering room oven dry.
9. interplanting: front 3 years the row interplant root of herbaceous peony.
The mensuration of embodiment 2 Chlorogenic Acid of Flos Lonicerae content
Honeysuckle sample of accurately weighed illiteracy gold (crossing sieve No. four) 0.5g puts in tool plug conical flask, and precision adds 50% methyl alcohol 50ml, weighed weight, and ultrasonic processing 30min lets cool, more weighed weight.Supply the weight of less loss with 50% methyl alcohol, shake up, filter, precision measures subsequent filtrate 5ml, puts in the brown measuring bottle of 25ml, adds 50% methyl alcohol to scale, and is standby.
Precision takes chlorogenic acid reference substance 0.0041g in the brown volumetric flask of 100ml, adds concentration 50% methyl alcohol dissolving constant volume, gets the reference substance solution that concentration is 41 μ g/ml.
Precision is drawn reference substance solution and each 5 μ l of need testing solution respectively, and the injection liquid chromatography is measured.Chromatographic condition is: determine chromatographic column C18 (Agilent Eclipse CDB-C18,4.6 * 250mm, 5 μ m) through methodological study; Column temperature: 30 ℃; Mobile phase: acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid solution (15: 85); Flow velocity: 1.0mL/min; Detect wavelength: 327nm; Number of theoretical plate should be not less than 1000 by chlorogenic acid peak calculating.
It is 4.56% that the honeysuckle of illiteracy gold that records Efficient Cultivation contains chlorogenic acid, higher than 1.5% of pharmacopeia regulation.
Claims (1)
1. Tree honeysuckle efficient cultivation method is characterized in that being comprised of following steps:
A. kind is selected: the Tree honeysuckle kind of selecting to be fit to local climate;
B. the whole ground of selection of land: select that the soil is porous, irrigation and drainage sandy loam easily; Plough deeply 30-50cm, carry out meticulous raking, do furrow;
C. execute substrate fertilizer: dig the hole of dark 20-40cm by seeding row spacing 2 * 2m, execute decomposed manure 5-10kg, urea 100-300g, superphosphate 100-300g, potassium sulphate 50-100g; First mix thoroughly with a small amount of mellow soil during fertilising, at the bottom of imposing on the cave before transplanting autumn;
D. transplant seedlings: transplant autumn, and 1 strain seedling is transplanted in every cave, and balled transplanting bankets, and normal root water is watered in having peace of mind, and winter is according to temperature situation overlay film or the antifreeze soil moisture conservation of earthing; Transplant with spring and compare, no matter transplant the gold and silver flower seedling autumn is to be improved on growing way or flower yield;
E. intertill and clean tillage: follow to water after germinateing spring and irregularly carry out intertill and clean tillage, be beneficial to the growth of gold and silver flower seedling;
F. foliar application: picked flowers rear 0-20 days, the foliage-spray flower is foliage fertilizer the more at every turn, and spraying concentration is that 1500-2500 doubly dilutes;
G. prune: prune comprise pick flowers at every turn rear to the pruning of water sprout with the integral body of tree type is pruned; Branch after blooming is carried out light pruning, dredge and remove water sprout, reduce branch and intersect, for lower floor's branch stays enough sunlight, reduce simultaneously the unnecessary nutrient consumption of water sprout; In earlier stage carry out to green sprouting after the body dormancy is set in the pruning of tree type in the winter time, every one deck keeps 4～6 major branches, every interlayer interval 10-20cm, and it is circular keeping the tree body, cuts off long branch; Branch under pruning is as the raw material of industrial abstract chlorogenic acid;
H. the processing of gathering: the flower bud phase gathers, gathered 4 times in 1 year, and the post-drying of gathering room oven dry;
I. interplanting: front 3 years the row interplant root of herbaceous peony.
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103229716A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-08-07 | 张龙霏 | Method for seed selection of excellent honeysuckle flower Lonicera japonica Thunb II variety |
| CN103229715B (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2016-07-06 | 张龙霏 | Flos Lonicerae " Radix Ophiopogonis No. three " late flowering variety selection |
| CN103988774A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-20 | 贵定县隆达金银花科技发展有限公司 | Method for hybridizing and breeding medicinal honeysuckle |
| CN104429504A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-25 | 成都红柿子科技有限公司 | Planting method of honeysuckle |
| CN104429513A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-25 | 重庆泽益金银花种植专业合作社 | Method for planting honeysuckle |
| CN104686183A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-10 | 戈静 | Efficient elderberry cultivation method |
| CN106258293A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-01-04 | 蒋植宝 | A kind of method of protectiveness cultivation Flos Lonicerae |
| CN105009875B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-03-13 | 绥阳县幸福种养殖专业合作社 | The cultural method of Chinese medicine honeysuckle row interplant rose |
| CN105009902A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-04 | 渠县金穗农业科技有限公司 | Mixed interplant method for white peony root division breeding |
| CN107006262A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-04 | 绥阳县吉帮昌盛金银花农业科技有限公司 | A kind of honeysuckle implantation methods |
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| CN101647355A (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2010-02-17 | 王安合 | Method for cultivating honeysuckles |
| CN102440132A (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2012-05-09 | 重庆市秀山红星中药材开发有限公司 | Method for increasing transplanting success rate of tissue culture plantlets of honeysuckle |
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