The preparation method and its application method of cotton breeding matrix
Technical field
The present invention relates to cotton planting technical fields.It is more particularly related to a kind of system of cotton breeding matrix
Preparation Method and its application method.
Background technique
Cotton is one of the staple crops in China, is pure plant fiber, and no nutritional ingredient, bacteria can be prevented from growing, naturally
Softness is suitable for making all kinds of clothes, furniture stuff and industrial cloth.
In the cultivation of cotton, the quality of cotton germination rate and cotton seedling is improved, nursery is committed step, mesh
The main attention of preceding raising seedling of cotton is largely put into the sowing pre-treatment to cotton seed, and how pretreatment seed is made
Environment is sowed in its adaptation quick, preferably, and transplanting environment is adapted to after transplanting, and improving transplanting survival rate is current urgent need solution
Certainly the problem of.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above problems, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation methods of cotton breeding matrix, can be effectively reduced cotton
Seedling stage insect pest, and avoid seedling stage disease pest drug resistance from generating, while improving cotton per mu yield.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of application methods of cotton breeding matrix, can promote transplanted seedling root
System's development, improves the viability intensity of transplanted seedling after transplanting survival rate, and transplanting.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a kind of preparation of cotton breeding matrix living is provided
Method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: component meter by weight, 40 parts of small wheat stalks, 10 parts of boll hulls, 4 portions of dandelions are separately dried and be crushed
400 meshes obtain small wheat stalk powder, boll hull powder and dandelion powder, and small wheat stalk powder and boll hull powder are mixed, water content is added water to
For 55-60%, 1.5 parts of EM bacterium are added and are uniformly mixed, regulating and controlling temperature is 30-32 DEG C of fermentation 35h, the first fermentation material is obtained, to first
It is 55-60% that dandelion powder is added in fermentation material to regulate and control water content after mixing, and temperature is 30-32 DEG C and continues the 20h that ferments, and obtains
Second fermentation material;
It goes out Step 2: 20 parts of pig manures, 2 parts of earthworm powders, 3 parts of shrimp shell meals, 2 parts of ladybug powder are uniformly mixed and are placed on 130 DEG C
After bacterium 1h, adding water to water content is 60-65%, and 1.5 parts of EM bacterium are added and are uniformly mixed, and regulating and controlling temperature is 30-32 DEG C of fermentation 55h,
Obtain third fermentation material;
Step 3: being the sand of 200-300,0.08 part of Celastrus angulatus, 5 by the second fermentation material, third fermentation material, 20 parts of mesh numbers
Part plant ash and 6 parts of length are uniformly mixed for 0.5-0.7cm grass stalk.
Preferably, 10 times of its quality water measured are added after taking 2 parts of common nepenthes drying and crushings, are decocted after impregnating 30min
20min, the ethyl alcohol that 4 times of common nepenthes amounts are added continue to decoct 20min, are concentrated into removal ethyl alcohol, and it is 0.6- that 0.03 part of side length, which is added,
0.8cm modified water absorbent cotton, low-temperature evaporation obtain modified water absorbent cotton to absorbent wool is squeezed without water droplet drippage;
2 times of its gross mass water measured are added after taking 1 part of yam skin mashing, filters after mixing evenly, obtains Chinese yam liquid;
Celastrus angulatus is pre-processed before mixing in step 3, is specially added in modified water absorbent cotton and is mixed to Celastrus angulatus
It closes uniformly, and Chinese yam liquid is added and is uniformly mixed.
Preferably, in step 2 shrimp shell meal the preparation method comprises the following steps: shrimp shell drying and crushing is taken to cross 80 meshes.
Preferably, in step 3 further include: 10 parts of mesh numbers are the charcoal of 200-300 mesh.
Preferably, the charcoal in step 3 is pre-processed before mixing, specifically: 3 parts of flower is added into charcoal
Green pepper, mild fire frying 30min.
Provide a kind of application method of cotton breeding matrix living, comprising the following steps:
S1, to dig side length be the cube shaped plantation hole of class that diameter is 4.5-5.0cm, and filling is to distance in plantation hole
The distance of corresponding plantation hole top surface is 0.5-0.7cm, places cotton seeds in plantation hole inner top surface, rear to cover cotton breeding matrix
To soil equal with plantation hole top surface, that continuation cladding thickness is 0.5-1cm, formation kind is planted seedlings after cultivating 20-25 days, edge plantation
The circumferential related cotton breeding matrix in hole digs out kind and plants seedlings;
S2, the side length field planting hole cube shaped for the class of 5.5-6.0cm is dug, kind is planted seedlings and is coaxially put into field planting hole, and
Field planting cheat in filling-modified cotton breeding matrix to top surface with field planting hole flushes, sprinkle water to be modified cotton breeding matrix it is aqueous
Amount is 55-58%, wherein the preparation method of modified cotton breeding matrix specifically:
Limepeel is crushed into obtain limepeel powder, the ethanol water of 10 times of its gross mass amounts, speed are added into limepeel powder
Freeze to -20 DEG C, after freezing 20min, be warming up to room temperature, is added egg-shell meal, quick-frozen to -20 DEG C after mixing evenly, after cooling 20min
30min is decocted, removal ethyl alcohol is concentrated into after cooling, obtains concentrate, into concentrate, addition honey, cotton matrix are stirred evenly,
Wherein, the mass fraction of ethanol water is 40%, limepeel, egg-shell meal, honey and cotton breeding matrix mass ratio be 3:
2:1:30。
The present invention is include at least the following beneficial effects:
The first, the use of cotton breeding matrix includes that cotton seeds are cultivated to be formed and kind planted seedlings, dig out and connect during kind planting seedlings
Band is wrapped in the cotton breeding matrix for root of kind planting seedlings, effectively slow down kind plant seedlings during transplanting due to circumferential environmental change
The larger and problem that causes transplanted seedling viability weak, meanwhile, it plants seedlings the original cotton breeding matrix in root during transplanting in kind
The filling-modified cotton breeding matrix of circumferential direction, further promote transplanted seedling to the adaptation of surrounding nutrient environment on the basis of, to cotton
Flower breeding matrix is modified processing by limepeel, egg-shell meal, honey collective effect, and transplanted seedling root system can be promoted to develop,
Improve transplanting survival rate, and transplanting after transplanted seedling viability intensity, meanwhile, slow down transplanted seedling due to itself resistance decline,
Caused by pest and disease damage rate the problem of increasing, the further nutrition offer and nutrient absorption for promoting transplanting;
The second, cotton breeding matrix by small wheat stalk, boll hull, pig manure, earthworm powder, plant ash etc. for cotton emergence and
While late growth provides sufficient nutriment, dandelion powder, shrimp shell meal, ladybug powder, Celastrus angulatus are added, can effectively be subtracted
Slow pest and disease damage, promotes mounted blade, avoids turning round side and focus side, and adding sand, length that mesh number is 200-300 is 0.5-0.7cm rice
Straw can be effectively improved the aeration status of cotton breeding matrix, and further cooperation improves Medium Culture moisture and Red clover, promote
Into absorption, avoids the asphyxia of the root system as caused by root buried depth degree, rots, even dead problem;
Third, Celastrus angulatus pass through common nepenthes, modified water absorbent cotton, Chinese yam liquid before addition and are pre-processed, and guarantee bitter skin
While rattan element nutrition rate of release, extend Celastrus angulatus action time, improves transplanting survival rate.
Further advantage, target and feature of the invention will be partially reflected by the following instructions, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification
Text can be implemented accordingly.
<embodiment 1>
The preparation method of cotton breeding matrix, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: component meter by weight, 40 parts of small wheat stalks, 10 parts of boll hulls, 4 portions of dandelions are separately dried and be crushed
400 meshes obtain small wheat stalk powder, boll hull powder and dandelion powder, and small wheat stalk powder and boll hull powder are mixed, water content is added water to
It is 56.7%, 1.5 parts of EM bacterium is added and are uniformly mixed, regulating and controlling temperature is that 30-32 DEG C of range is fermented 35h, the first fermentation material is obtained, to the
It is 57.6% that dandelion powder is added in one fermentation material to regulate and control water content after mixing, and temperature is within the scope of 30-32 DEG C after supervention
Ferment 20h obtains the second fermentation material;
Step 2: by 20 parts of pig manures, 2 parts of earthworm powders, 3 parts of shrimp shell meals (taking shrimp shell drying and crushing to cross 80 meshes to be made), 2 parts
Ladybug powder is uniformly mixed be placed on 130 DEG C of sterilizing 1h after, adding water to water content is 63.7%, and it is uniformly mixed to be added 1.5 parts of EM bacterium,
Regulating and controlling temperature is the 55h that ferments within the scope of 30-32 DEG C, obtains third fermentation material;
Step 3: being the sand of 200-300,0.08 part of Celastrus angulatus, 5 by the second fermentation material, third fermentation material, 20 parts of mesh numbers
Part plant ash and 6 parts of length are that grass stalk is uniformly mixed within the scope of 0.5-0.7cm, wherein Celastrus angulatus in step 3
It is pre-processed before mixing, specifically: 10 times of its quality water measured are added after taking 2 parts of common nepenthes drying and crushings, impregnate 30min
After decoct 20min, the ethyl alcohol that 4 times of common nepenthes amounts are added continue to decoct 20min, are concentrated into removal ethyl alcohol, 0.03 part of side length is added
For the modified water absorbent cotton within the scope of 0.6-0.8cm, low-temperature evaporation obtains modified water absorbent cotton to absorbent wool is squeezed without water droplet drippage;
2 times of its gross mass water measured are added after taking 1 part of yam skin mashing, filters after mixing evenly, obtains Chinese yam liquid;
It is added in modified water absorbent cotton and is uniformly mixed to Celastrus angulatus, and Chinese yam liquid is added and is uniformly mixed;
In step 3 further include: 10 parts of mesh numbers are the charcoal of 200-300 mesh, wherein charcoal is pre-processed before mixing,
Specifically: 3 parts of Chinese prickly ash, mild fire frying 30min are added into charcoal.
<embodiment 2>
The method for using the cotton breeding matrix of<embodiment 1>to carry out cotton planting, comprising the following steps:
S1, the plantation hole that side length is the class cube shaped (approximation) that diameter is within the scope of 4.5-5.0cm is dug, in plantation hole
The distance of interior filling to the corresponding plantation hole top surface of distance is 0.5-0.7cm range, places cotton seeds in plantation hole inner top surface, after
Covering cotton breeding matrix is extremely equal with plantation hole top surface, continues the soil that cladding thickness is 0.5-1cm range, after cultivating 23 days
It forms kind to plant seedlings, digs out kind along the circumferentially related cotton breeding matrix of plantation hole and plant seedlings;
S2, the side length field planting hole cube shaped for the class of 5.5-6.0cm range is dug, kind is planted seedlings and is coaxially put into field planting
Hole, and filling-modified cotton breeding matrix is flushed to top surface with field planting hole in field planting is cheated, watering to modified cotton breeding matrix
Water content be 57.2%, wherein the preparation method of modified cotton breeding matrix specifically:
Limepeel is crushed into obtain limepeel powder, the ethanol water of 10 times of its gross mass amounts, speed are added into limepeel powder
Freeze to -20 DEG C, after freezing 20min, be warming up to room temperature, is added egg-shell meal, quick-frozen to -20 DEG C after mixing evenly, after cooling 20min
30min is decocted, removal ethyl alcohol is concentrated into after cooling, obtains concentrate, into concentrate, addition honey, cotton matrix are stirred evenly,
Wherein, the mass fraction of ethanol water is 40%, limepeel, egg-shell meal, honey and cotton breeding matrix mass ratio be 3:
2:1:30;
S3, management harvesting.
<embodiment 3>
The method for using the cotton breeding matrix of<embodiment 1>to carry out cotton planting, S1, S3 are different with embodiment 2
It is:
S2, the side length field planting hole cube shaped for the class of 5.5-6.0cm range is dug, kind is planted seedlings and is coaxially put into field planting
Hole, and filling furrow face soil is flushed to top surface with field planting hole in field planting is cheated, and is sprinkled water to the water content of modified cotton breeding matrix
For 55-58%.
<comparative example 1>
Cotton planting is carried out using conventional base manure cooperation soil, other management methods are with embodiment 2, and conventional base manure is by weight
Component includes: 40 parts of organic fertilizers, 1 part of urea, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate.
In identical area, full cotton seeds 300 of same batch are randomly choosed, are randomly divided into three after being pre-processed
Group, carries out cotton planting according to the method for embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and comparative example 1 respectively by every group 100.
1, Statistics Implementation example 2, embodiment 3 and comparative example 1, which are formed, plants number of planting seedlings, the survival rate after planting transplantation of seedlings, kind
Disease pest rate after planting seedlings and transplanting in 30 days is specifically shown in Table 1:
1 embodiment 2 of table, a kind of number of planting seedlings of embodiment 3 and comparative example, transplanting survival rate and disease pest rate
|
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Comparative example 1 |
Plant number of planting seedlings |
100 |
100 |
85 |
Survival rate after planting transplantation of seedlings |
100% |
95% |
83.5% |
Plant the disease pest rate after planting seedlings and transplanting in 30 days |
2% |
5% |
20% |
Wherein, 2 kinds of plant transplantation of seedlings rear blade atrophy degrees of embodiment will be lower than embodiment 3, and the growth tendency that kind is planted seedlings
It is substantially better than embodiment 3,3 kinds of plant transplantation of seedlings rear blade atrophy degrees of embodiment will be lower than comparative example 1, and the growth that kind is planted seedlings becomes
Gesture is substantially better than comparative example 1, and after 2 kinds of embodiment 86% transplantings of planting seedlings in 18h, mounted blade is normal, and 100% kind is planted seedlings transfer
After 32h, mounted blade is normal.
2, Statistics Implementation example 2, embodiment 3 and comparative example 1 are formed after kind of the average plant height planted seedlings, and transplanting 15 days averagely
Plant height is specifically shown in Table 2:
2 embodiment 2 of table, embodiment 3 and the measurement of 1 plant height of comparative example
|
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Comparative example 1 |
Kind plants seedlings plant height (cm) |
12.6 |
12.8 |
10.3 |
15 days plant heights (cm) after transplanting |
18.7 |
17.3 |
14.1 |
Wherein, the size for planting average stem thickness of planting seedlings is 2 > embodiment of embodiment, 3 > comparative example 1.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and embodiment shown and described herein.