CN109302930A - A kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat - Google Patents
A kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat Download PDFInfo
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- CN109302930A CN109302930A CN201810922153.XA CN201810922153A CN109302930A CN 109302930 A CN109302930 A CN 109302930A CN 201810922153 A CN201810922153 A CN 201810922153A CN 109302930 A CN109302930 A CN 109302930A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to planting loquat technical fields, and in particular to a kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat.Selection plantation is in Karst Mountains Desertification Area, and the loquat after surviving is as tree-like plant for pruning, pass through the tree-like pruning methods such as nursery trimming, second pruning, tree-like maintenance, effectively control mountainous region loquat height≤2m, major branch form is maintained featheriness, and only leaves necessary 3 major branch branches, guarantees the illumination of loquat branch energy reception good, achieve the purpose that every, every fruit it is light-exposed, promote Fruit, coloring；It can also promote to divulge information between branches and leaves excellent, be conducive to mitigate disease；Bearing-age tree meets the operation of worker level land and requires, and removes mountainous region from and takes the operation that stair etc. have security risk；Strong operability is easily understood, tree vigo(u)r stabilization, ventilation and penetrating light, saving of labor, practicability and high safety；It is the preferred plan of Karst Mountains Desertification Area plant development High-quality Loquat fruit, plantation can produce good fine work loquat after 3 years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting loquat technical fields, and in particular to a kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat.
Background technique
Loquat light, it is slightly shade tolerant, like that temperature climate and rich water is wet, well-drained soil, it is slightly cold-resistant, it is not cold-resistant,
Slow growth, 12~15 or more mean temperature, winter is not -5 DEG C low, the florescence, and young fruit period is not less than 0 DEG C of area, can grow
Well.Mature loquat is sweet and delicious, and nutrition is rich, there is various fructose, glucose, potassium, phosphorus, iron, calcium and vitamin A, B, C
Deng.Carotene carotene content is the 3rd in each fruit in the middle.Chinese medicine thinks that loquat has the effect of moistening lung, cough-relieving, quench the thirst.It eats
Peeling is wanted when loquat.Other than fresh eating, also has and sweet can is made with loquat meat, or made wine with loquat.Loquat whether leaf, fruit
All contain amygdalin with core.
Loguat leaf is also one kind of Chinese medicine, is dried and is used as medicine with bulk loguat leaf, has clearing lung-heat stomach energy, the function of lowering the adverse-rising QI to resolve phlegm
With often having and " CHUANBEI PIPA GAO " be made with other medicinal materials.But as loquat plant relevant with other, seed and the slight band of young leaves
Toxic, micro cyanide can be released by eating it raw, but because of its bitter, will not generally be eaten and be enough to cause harmful component.
During existing mountainous region planting loquat, loquat is as a kind of high megaphanerophyte, frequently with evacuation when general planting
Laminated devices Pruning passes through 3 layers of upper, middle and lower common results after trimming.But Karst Mountains Desertification Area planting loquat height is not
It is preferably excessively high, and evacuation layering shape is taken to build later fruit tree because of illumination reason, often based on the result of upper layer, middle lower layer's result
It is few, or even not result.Worker need to pick upper layer fruit by stair after fruit maturation inconvenience more.And Karst Mountains Desertification Area soil layer compared with
It is thin, be not suitable for the high megaphanerophyte of development in stone seam, be also not suitable for high altitude operation and build, pick.
It is probed into based on the planting technology that above-mentioned, of the invention researcher is dedicated to mountainous region loquat for many years and practices leather
Newly, a set of pruning method for being suitable for Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat is developed, just to the tree-like to nature of fruit tree since the phase of nursery
Method, the specification garden looks that happy shape carries out shaping.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat, purpose exists
In providing a set of tree-like pruning method for being suitable for Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat, by improving the illumination condition of loquat resultant layer,
Output fine work loquat.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat, comprising the following steps:
A, nursery is trimmed: the mountainous region loquat nursery phase, in trunk at 30~50cm of ground, reserves 3 major branches as forever
Long major branch cuts off other branches, and incision smears antistaling agent, prevents incision by pest and disease damage invasion and loquat excessive water stream
It loses；Pinching processing is carried out to trunk, the top advantage of trunk is reduced, increases the growth vigor of major branch, prevent loquat excessive growth；
3 reserved major branches are carried out to draw branch processing, control reserved 3 major branches and ground level angle be 20~
30 °, i.e., the bifurcation of 3 major branches is 60~70 ° in the angle of trunk, and the angle between adjacent major branch is 110~130 °；
It is buried organic fertilizer, every 15~20kg in root after branch trimming, and pours primary root water thoroughly；
B, second pruning: nursery trim second year, after the beginning of spring, erase on major branch towards ground direction, sagging direction bud or
Spray avoids major branch that the branch of excessive growth and sagging shortage illumination branch occurs towards ground direction, while except reserved major branch on trunk of erasing
The spray of outer new life prevents useless branch intake loquat nutrient, reduces loquat growing way, erasing to select sprays antistaling agent；
When summer in the same year, autumn take out the tip, sprouting is carried out to loquat by pruning method identical after the beginning of spring or spray is erased；
Winter in the same year cuts off overstocked branch, control loquat is except trunk and 3 reserved masters when loquat starts suspend mode
Branch is outer, without other major branches；And kept the temperature in the straw that one layer of 2~5mm is wrapped up in loquat trunk root, root is shallowly turned over around Shu Yiquan
8~12cm of portion ground, 0.8~1m of radius apply granular fertilizer in shallowly turning on rear ground, every 3~4kg, and the ground after shallowly turning over
One layer of mulch of upper covering or straw or agricultural crop straw, withdraw from after the beginning of spring in the coming year；It is primary that loquat root soil is shallowly turned over every year, is had
Effect prevents root soil hardened, and under the assisting of granular fertilizer, effectively improves the content of organic matter in root soil, stop for loquat
It sleeps and coming year growth manufactures comfortable living environment；
Spring, summer, autumn, the winter four times trimmings are carried out to loquat by identical method every year later；
C, tree-like maintenance: during above-mentioned second pruning, when major branch it is long to 50cm when, carry out pinching processing；Retain major branch
Upper uncrossed side shoot, is allowed to free growth, if intersecting between side shoot, pinching processing is carried out to side shoot is intersected, so that loquat
Tree major branch form is maintained featheriness, part is suitably thinning out when density is excessive without the branch using space in the form of keeping；
The adjacent side shoot spacing on same major branch is controlled from >=8cm；
Control trunk highest point between major branch bifurcation at a distance from≤1.2m.
Preferably, 500 times of dilutions of the antistaling agent rice washing water account for also containing the aluminum sulfate for accounting for dilution gross weight 1%
The killing pyrethroids that dilution gross weight 2% and concentration are 15%, accounts for the saturated calcium hydroxide solution of dilution gross weight 4%, accounts for dilution
The pure slurry of the konjaku of liquid gross weight 1%, accounts for the sucrose of dilution gross weight 5%, accounts for the tea polyphenols of dilution gross weight 1%, it is total to account for dilution
The chitosan oligosaccharide for weighing 2% accounts for the pine tar of dilution gross weight 3%.
Preferably, the drawing branch processing method is as follows:
Spiral bundlees iron wire sleeve on 3 reserved major branches, and control iron wire entangles firm on major branch, and between iron wire sleeve and major branch
There are the gap of 1cm, iron wire ankle injury branch is prevented, and hangs weight from above on iron wire sleeve, controls the angle between major branch and ground level
It is 20~30 °；When iron wire and major branch agree with completely, iron wire sleeve is replaced；
Between adjacent two major branches, crossbearer at least one both ends are the waddy of " Y-shaped ", and waddy is fixed on phase
Between adjacent two major branches, angle is 110~130 ° between controlling adjacent major branch.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer includes following raw material:
It is 85~100 parts of herbage, 25~30 parts of radish dry powder, 7~12 parts of pine bark, 35~50 parts of decomposed dry cow dung, decomposed dry
25~30 parts of sheep dung, 15~20 parts of peanut cake, 22~27 parts of soybean residue, 12~17 parts of fish scale, 3~5 parts of fishbone dust, dried pepper 1
~2 parts, it is 1~3 part precious in chicken；
Wherein, the herbage length≤5cm uses 15~20d of preceding sealing and fermenting；
Pine bark granular size≤the 3cm；
The fish scale is sealed by fermentation 5~8h, then 10~12d of normal temperature fermentation using preceding at a temperature of 35~40 DEG C.
Preferably, the granular fertilizer includes following raw material:
35~50 parts of rape cake powder, 15~20 parts of peanut cake powder, 7~12 parts of quick lime, 17~23 parts of myotonin shell,
55~75 parts of agricultural crop straw, 3~5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 3~5 parts of chitosan, 4~6 parts of sodium alginate, 5~12 parts of sea grass, withered grass bud
0.8~1.4 part of spore bacillus, 0.5~0.8 part of mould, 5~8 parts of earthworm powder；
Wherein, the length of the agricultural crop straw and sea grass≤3cm, water content≤15%；
The granular fertilizer is the ball shape of 3~5mm of diameter.
In the technical solution provided by the present invention, overall height≤2m of the Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat, resultant layer are single
Layer.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Compared with prior art, the present invention provides the tree-pruning method of a set of suitable Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat, pass through seedling
Garden trimming, second pruning, tree-like maintenance effectively control mountainous region loquat height≤2m, and major branch form is maintained featheriness, and only
Leave necessary branch, guarantee loquat branch can reception good illumination, achieve the purpose that every, every fruit it is light-exposed, promote
Fruit, coloring；It can also promote to divulge information between branches and leaves excellent, be conducive to mitigate disease；
Meanwhile the Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat, after tree-like trimming, the either tree-like maintenance of the fruit tree of single layer result is also
It is picking fruit, worker can be operated substantially with level land, removed mountainous region from and taken the operation that stair etc. have security risk；Operability
By force, it is easily understood, tree vigo(u)r stabilization, ventilation and penetrating light, saving of labor, practicability and high safety；It is that Karst Mountains Desertification Area plant development is high-quality
The preferred plan of Loquat-Shaped Cake, plantation can produce good fine work loquat after 3 years.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment, but technical solution provided by the invention
It not only include the content showed in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat is present embodiments provided, to plant in Karst Mountains Desertification Area, and
Loquat after survival is as tree-like plant for pruning, and detailed process is as follows:
The first step, nursery trimming: the mountainous region loquat nursery phase reserves 3 major branches as forever in trunk at the 30cm of ground
Long major branch cuts off other branches, and incision smears antistaling agent, prevents incision by pest and disease damage invasion and loquat excessive water stream
It loses；Pinching processing is carried out to trunk, the top advantage of trunk is reduced, increases the growth vigor of major branch, prevent loquat excessive growth；
3 reserved major branches are carried out to draw branch processing, i.e., spiral bundlees iron wire sleeve, control on 3 reserved major branches
Iron wire entangles firm on major branch, and prevents iron wire ankle injury branch there are the gap of 1cm between iron wire sleeve and major branch, and on iron wire sleeve
Hang weight from above, the angle controlled between major branch and ground level is 30 °, i.e., the bifurcations of 3 major branches is 60 ° in the angle of trunk；To
When iron wire and major branch agree with completely, iron wire sleeve is replaced；
Between adjacent two major branches, crossbearer at least one both ends are the waddy of " Y-shaped ", and waddy is fixed on phase
Between adjacent two major branches, angle is 120 ° or so between controlling adjacent major branch；
It is buried organic fertilizer, every 15kg in root after branch trimming, and pours primary root water thoroughly；
Second step, second pruning: second year is trimmed in nursery, after the beginning of spring, is erased on major branch towards ground direction, sagging direction
Bud or spray avoid major branch that the branch of excessive growth and sagging shortage illumination branch occurs towards ground direction, while except reserved on trunk of erasing
The outer newborn spray of major branch prevents useless branch intake loquat nutrient, reduces loquat growing way, erasing to select sprays antistaling agent；
When summer in the same year, autumn take out the tip, sprouting is carried out to loquat by pruning method identical after the beginning of spring or spray is erased；
Winter in the same year cuts off overstocked branch, control loquat is except trunk and 3 reserved masters when loquat starts suspend mode
Branch is outer, without other major branches；And kept the temperature in the straw that one layer of 2mm is wrapped up in loquat trunk root, root is shallowly turned over around Shu Yiquan
Ground 8cm, radius 1m apply granular fertilizer in shallowly turning on rear ground, every 4kg, and cover one layer of mulch on ground after shallowly turning over
Or straw or agricultural crop straw, it is withdrawn from after the beginning of spring in the coming year；It is primary that loquat root soil is shallowly turned over every year, effectively prevent root soil
It is hardened, and under the assisting of granular fertilizer, the content of organic matter in root soil is effectively improved, is loquat suspend mode and coming year growth system
Make comfortable living environment；
Spring, summer, autumn, the winter four times trimmings are carried out to loquat by identical method every year later；
Third step, tree-like maintenance: during above-mentioned second pruning, when major branch it is long to 50cm when, carry out pinching processing；Retain
Uncrossed side shoot, is allowed to free growth on major branch, if intersecting between side shoot, carries out pinching processing to side shoot is intersected, so that
Loquat major branch form is maintained featheriness, part is suitably thinning out when density is excessive without the branch using space in the form of keeping；
The adjacent side shoot spacing on same major branch is controlled from not less than 8cm；
Control trunk highest point between major branch bifurcation at a distance from be no more than 1.2m；
Loquat overall height after control trimming is no more than 2m, and resultant layer is single layer.
In the present embodiment, 500 times of dilutions of the antistaling agent rice washing water, also containing the sulphur for accounting for dilution gross weight 1%
Sour aluminium accounts for the killing pyrethroids that dilution gross weight 2% and concentration are 15%, accounts for the saturated calcium hydroxide solution of dilution gross weight 4%,
The pure slurry of konjaku for accounting for dilution gross weight 1%, accounts for the sucrose of dilution gross weight 5%, accounts for the tea polyphenols of dilution gross weight 1%, account for dilute
The chitosan oligosaccharide for releasing liquid gross weight 2% accounts for the pine tar of dilution gross weight 3%.
State in the present embodiment, the organic fertilizer include following raw material:
85 parts of herbage, 30 parts of radish dry powder, 7 parts of pine bark, 50 parts of decomposed dry cow dung, 25 parts of decomposed dry sheep manure, peanut cake 20
It is part, 22 parts of soybean residue, 17 parts of fish scale, 3 parts of fishbone dust, 2 parts of dried pepper, 1 part precious in chicken；
Wherein, the herbage length 3cm uses preceding sealing and fermenting 15d；The pine bark length and width are 3cm；The fish scale
8h, then normal temperature fermentation 10d are sealed by fermentation at a temperature of 35 DEG C using preceding.
In the present embodiment, the granular fertilizer includes following raw material:
35 parts of rape cake powder, 20 parts of peanut cake powder, 7 parts of quick lime, 23 parts of myotonin shell, 55 parts of agricultural crop straw,
5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 3 parts of chitosan, 6 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of sea grass, 1.4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.5 part of mould, 8 parts of earthworm powder；
Wherein, the length of the agricultural crop straw and sea grass is 3cm, and water content is 15%；The granular fertilizer is straight
The ball shape of diameter 3mm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat is present embodiments provided, to plant in Karst Mountains Desertification Area, and
Loquat after survival is as tree-like plant for pruning, and detailed process is as follows:
The first step, nursery trimming: the mountainous region loquat nursery phase reserves 3 major branches as forever in trunk at the 50cm of ground
Long major branch cuts off other branches, and incision smears antistaling agent, prevents incision by pest and disease damage invasion and loquat excessive water stream
It loses；Pinching processing is carried out to trunk, the top advantage of trunk is reduced, increases the growth vigor of major branch, prevent loquat excessive growth；
3 reserved major branches are carried out to draw branch processing, i.e., spiral bundlees iron wire sleeve, control on 3 reserved major branches
Iron wire entangles firm on major branch, and prevents iron wire ankle injury branch there are the gap of 1cm between iron wire sleeve and major branch, and on iron wire sleeve
Hang weight from above, the angle controlled between major branch and ground level is 20 °, i.e., the bifurcations of 3 major branches is 70 ° in the angle of trunk；To
When iron wire and major branch agree with completely, iron wire sleeve is replaced；
Between adjacent two major branches, crossbearer at least one both ends are the waddy of " Y-shaped ", and waddy is fixed on phase
Between adjacent two major branches, angle is 120 ° or so between controlling adjacent major branch；
It is buried organic fertilizer, every 20kg in root after branch trimming, and pours primary root water thoroughly；
Second step, second pruning: second year is trimmed in nursery, after the beginning of spring, is erased on major branch towards ground direction, sagging direction
Bud or spray avoid major branch that the branch of excessive growth and sagging shortage illumination branch occurs towards ground direction, while except reserved on trunk of erasing
The outer newborn spray of major branch prevents useless branch intake loquat nutrient, reduces loquat growing way, erasing to select sprays antistaling agent；
When summer in the same year, autumn take out the tip, sprouting is carried out to loquat by pruning method identical after the beginning of spring or spray is erased；
Winter in the same year cuts off overstocked branch, control loquat is except trunk and 3 reserved masters when loquat starts suspend mode
Branch is outer, without other major branches；And kept the temperature in the straw that one layer of 5mm is wrapped up in loquat trunk root, root is shallowly turned over around Shu Yiquan
Ground 12cm, radius 0.8m apply granular fertilizer in shallowly turning on rear ground, every 3kg, and cover one layer of ground on ground after shallowly turning over
Film or straw or agricultural crop straw, withdraw from after the beginning of spring in the coming year；It is primary that loquat root soil is shallowly turned over every year, effectively prevent root native
Earth is hardened, and under the assisting of granular fertilizer, effectively improves the content of organic matter in root soil, is to grow in loquat suspend mode and the coming year
Manufacture comfortable living environment；
Spring, summer, autumn, the winter four times trimmings are carried out to loquat by identical method every year later；
Third step, tree-like maintenance: during above-mentioned second pruning, when major branch it is long to 50cm when, carry out pinching processing；Retain
Uncrossed side shoot, is allowed to free growth on major branch, if intersecting between side shoot, carries out pinching processing to side shoot is intersected, so that
Loquat major branch form is maintained featheriness, part is suitably thinning out when density is excessive without the branch using space in the form of keeping；
The adjacent side shoot spacing on same major branch is controlled from not less than 8cm；
Control trunk highest point between major branch bifurcation at a distance from be no more than 1.2m；
The overall height for controlling Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat is no more than 2m, and resultant layer is single layer.
In the present embodiment, 500 times of dilutions of the antistaling agent rice washing water, also containing the sulphur for accounting for dilution gross weight 1%
Sour aluminium accounts for the killing pyrethroids that dilution gross weight 2% and concentration are 15%, accounts for the saturated calcium hydroxide solution of dilution gross weight 4%,
The pure slurry of konjaku for accounting for dilution gross weight 1%, accounts for the sucrose of dilution gross weight 5%, accounts for the tea polyphenols of dilution gross weight 1%, account for dilute
The chitosan oligosaccharide for releasing liquid gross weight 2% accounts for the pine tar of dilution gross weight 3%.
In the present embodiment, the organic fertilizer includes following raw material:
100 parts of herbage, 25 parts of radish dry powder, 12 parts of pine bark, 35 parts of decomposed dry cow dung, 30 parts of decomposed dry sheep manure, peanut cake
15 parts, it is 27 parts of soybean residue, 12 parts of fish scale, 5 parts of fishbone dust, 1 part of dried pepper, 3 parts precious in chicken；
Wherein, the herbage length is 5cm, uses preceding sealing and fermenting 20d；The pine bark length and width are 2cm；The fish
Squama is sealed by fermentation 5h, then normal temperature fermentation 12d using preceding at a temperature of 40 DEG C.
In the present embodiment, the granular fertilizer includes following raw material:
50 parts of rape cake powder, 15 parts of peanut cake powder, 12 parts of quick lime, 17 parts of myotonin shell, 75 parts of agricultural crop straw,
3 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 parts of chitosan, 4 parts of sodium alginate, 12 parts of sea grass, 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.8 part of mould, 5 parts of earthworm powder；
Wherein, the length of the agricultural crop straw and sea grass is 2cm, and water content is 11%；
The granular fertilizer is the ball shape of diameter 5mm.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form, appoint
What without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention any modification to the above embodiments, etc.
With variation and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat, which comprises the following steps:
A, nursery is trimmed: the mountainous region loquat nursery phase, in trunk at 30~50cm of ground, reserves 3 major branches as permanent main
Branch cuts off other branches, and incision smears antistaling agent, carries out pinching processing to trunk；
3 reserved major branches are carried out to draw branch processing, controlling reserved 3 major branches and ground level angle is 20~30 °, phase
Angle between adjacent major branch is 110~130 °；
It is buried organic fertilizer, every 15~20kg in root after branch trimming, and pours primary root water thoroughly；
B, second pruning: second year is trimmed in nursery, after the beginning of spring, is erased on major branch towards the bud or spray in ground direction, sagging direction,
It erases simultaneously spray newborn in addition to reserved major branch on trunk, erasing to select sprays antistaling agent；
When summer in the same year, autumn take out the tip, sprouting is carried out to loquat by pruning method identical after the beginning of spring or spray is erased；
Winter in the same year cuts off overstocked branch when loquat starts suspend mode, controls loquat in addition to trunk and 3 reserved major branches,
Without other major branches；And loquat trunk root wrap up one layer of 2~5mm straw, shallowly turned over around Shu Yiquan root ground 8~
12cm, 0.8~1m of radius apply granular fertilizer in shallowly turning on rear ground, every 3~4kg, and cover one layer on ground after shallowly turning over
Mulch or straw or agricultural crop straw, withdraw from after the beginning of spring in the coming year；
Spring, summer, autumn, the winter four times trimmings are carried out to loquat by identical method every year later；
C, tree-like maintenance: during above-mentioned second pruning, when major branch it is long to 50cm when, carry out pinching processing；Retain on major branch not
The side shoot of intersection, is allowed to free growth, if intersecting between side shoot, carries out pinching processing to side shoot is intersected；
The adjacent side shoot spacing on same major branch is controlled from >=8cm；
Control trunk highest point between major branch bifurcation at a distance from≤1.2m.
2. a kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described fresh-keeping
500 times of dilutions of agent rice washing water account for dilution gross weight 2% and concentration are also containing the aluminum sulfate for accounting for dilution gross weight 1%
15% killing pyrethroids accounts for the saturated calcium hydroxide solution of dilution gross weight 4%, accounts for the pure slurry of konjaku of dilution gross weight 1%, accounts for
The sucrose of dilution gross weight 5% accounts for the tea polyphenols of dilution gross weight 1%, accounts for the chitosan oligosaccharide of dilution gross weight 2%, accounts for dilution
The pine tar of gross weight 3%.
3. a kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drawing branch
Processing method is as follows:
On 3 reserved major branches spiral bundle iron wire sleeve, control iron wire entangle firm on major branch, and between iron wire sleeve and major branch there are
The gap of 1cm, and hang weight from above on iron wire sleeve, the angle controlled between major branch and ground level is 20~30 °；To iron wire and major branch
When agreeing with completely, iron wire sleeve is replaced；
Between adjacent two major branches, crossbearer at least one both ends are the waddy of " Y-shaped ", and waddy is fixed on adjacent two
Between major branch, angle is 110~130 ° between controlling adjacent major branch.
4. a kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described organic
Fertilizer includes following raw material:
85~100 parts of herbage, 25~30 parts of radish dry powder, 7~12 parts of pine bark, 35~50 parts of decomposed dry cow dung, decomposed dry sheep manure
25~30 parts, 15~20 parts of peanut cake, 22~27 parts of soybean residue, 12~17 parts of fish scale, 3~5 parts of fishbone dust, dried pepper 1~2
It is 1~3 part precious in part, chicken；
Wherein, the herbage length≤5cm uses 15~20d of preceding sealing and fermenting；
Pine bark granular size≤the 3cm；
The fish scale is sealed by fermentation 5~8h, then 10~12d of normal temperature fermentation using preceding at a temperature of 35~40 DEG C.
5. a kind of tree-like pruning method of Karst Mountains Desertification Area loquat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the particle
Fertilizer includes following raw material:
35~50 parts of rape cake powder, 15~20 parts of peanut cake powder, 7~12 parts of quick lime, 17~23 parts of myotonin shell, farming
55~75 parts of object stalk, 3~5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 3~5 parts of chitosan, 4~6 parts of sodium alginate, 5~12 parts of sea grass, bacillus subtilis
0.8~1.4 part of bacterium, 0.5~0.8 part of mould, 5~8 parts of earthworm powder；
Wherein, the length of the agricultural crop straw and sea grass≤3cm, water content≤15%；
The granular fertilizer is the ball shape of 3~5mm of diameter.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110537448A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-06 | 贵州慧创科技发展有限公司 | Mode suitable for planting loquat seedlings on stony desertification mountain land |
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