CN1092919C - Wide-line and narrow-line alternative method for planting corn - Google Patents
Wide-line and narrow-line alternative method for planting corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN1092919C CN1092919C CN00124720A CN00124720A CN1092919C CN 1092919 C CN1092919 C CN 1092919C CN 00124720 A CN00124720 A CN 00124720A CN 00124720 A CN00124720 A CN 00124720A CN 1092919 C CN1092919 C CN 1092919C
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Abstract
The present invention adopts the planting method that wide rows are 80 to 100cm, narrow rows are 30 to 50cm, fertilizer application and deep scarification are carried out simultaneously during a fertilizer application period, high stubbles of 30 to 50cm are left after harvest in autumn, and the wide rows are rotatablely ploughed by a belt rotary cultivator after harvest in order to reach a sowing state. Narrow row precise sowing is carried out on the rotatablely ploughed wide rows in the next year, and a new narrow row seedling belt is formed. New cultivation, deep scarification and fertilizer application are carried out on new wide rows during the fertilizer application period, so that a wide-row and narrow-row alternative recreation cultivating mode with overyear deep scarification and seedling belt exchange is completed. The cultivating mode of the present invention can increase the water content of the soil of a cultivating layer. The maximal leaf area of a single plant is as large as 735.3 to 1361 square centimeters, the yield per unit is increased by more than 15%, and the cost per hectare is reduced by about 500 yuan.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to crops tillage and cultivation technology, particularly corn tillage and cultivation technology.
Background technology:
In existing tillage and cultivation technology, the country economically developed abroad, that weather conditions are suitable mostly adopts mechanical harvest, straw crushing and field-returning machine toolization to cultivate.
The existing method of cultivating in China the Northeast mainly contains two kinds: the one, and turn over, harrow the back flat planting and become the even ridge of 60-70cm; Second kind is that two ploughs behind the stubble-cleaning (or three plough rivers) become the even ridge of 55-65cm, broadcasts on the ridge.
The former main drawback one is that cargo handling operation is many, cost is high, and autumn, two seasons of spring, soil moisture was scattered and disappeared in a large number, increases the weight of damage caused by a drought wholely; The 2nd, realize also field difficulty of stalk safety, the following thick tillage pan of heavily fortified point that forms of 20cm, permeability is relatively poor.
Two plough into ridge, ridge upper seeding wheel method for planting behind the stubble-cleaning, belong to the primitive farming technology after improving.Plow layer shallow (15-18cm), tillage pan thickening; It is serious to play the ridge loss of moisture spring, in no agricultural fertile condition, still belongs to predation formula planting patterns.During the small-sized machine equalization, it is too much that number of times is rolled in the field, and the bulk density of soil increases, and permeability degenerates, and the ability of resisting natural disasters reduces, the not high shakiness of output.Labour intensity is big during people, animal masterpiece industry, and productivity ratio is low.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is from the continuous utilization of protection land resources; improve the natural precipitation utilization ratio, development continues the high-efficiency agriculture angle sets out, and solves the drawback of above-mentioned existing cultivation mode; a kind of corn wide-line and narrow-line alternative, also field, precise sowing cultivation mode of dark pine, high stubble next year are provided
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of corn tillage and cultivation method, the present invention adopts wide line-spacing 80-100cm, and narrow row is apart from the 30-50cm maize planting; 1 year corn planting is in narrow row, and tilling depth pine during wide row carries out in conjunction with topdressing stays high stubble 30-50cm during results, receive the back and with the band rotovator wide row is carried out rotary tillage, reaches the sowing state; 1 year, carry out narrow row precision drilling corn at the wide row of rotary tillage last year, form the new capable phase thinning of width band, tilling depth pine in new wide row carries out in conjunction with topdressing still stays high batch 30-50cm during results, also with the band rotovator wide row is carried out rotary tillage after the receipts; Plantation so repeatedly reaches next year dark wide-line and narrow-line alternative loose, that the seedling belt wheel changes and cultivates method.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
By wide-line and narrow-line alternative plantation of the present invention, realized also field of dark pine of wide row volt and stalk safety, break tillage pan, add deep plough level, improve soil physical and chemical property, create the topsoil soils reservoir, improve the natural precipitation utilization ratio, realize that high stubble rots to go back the field, increase the soil organic matter, culture fertility naturally, make the land resources continuous utilization.By reducing cargo handling operation, narrow row precise sowing, reduce production costs significantly, improve output benefit.By autumn rotary tillage soil-working reach the sowing standard, prevent spring drought, realize that seedling is complete, seedling is neat, seedling is strong, realize continuing high yield, high-quality, efficiently.
Cultivation mode of the present invention respectively in development zone, Jilin Province's Gongzhuling City model man village, towards the tailo town, the Long Nongbao of Jiutai City town, the stable town of Taonan City, add up to test 5000 mu.
Implementation condition: can be in the depression, level land, level land, hilllock implement.Need possess the capable precision planter of width, the dark loose fertilizer applicator of band, band rotovator and the supporting tractor more than 65 horsepowers during enforcement.
Through experimental test, cultivation mode of the present invention and existing autumn stubble-cleaning, spring are beaten the method for cultivating broadcast on ridge, the ridge relatively, organic average annual 0.06%, the five year rapid available phosphorus 0-20cm increase 21.66ppm that improves of 0-40cm topsoil soils, and 20-40cm increases 28.39ppm; Available potassium 0-20cm increases 58.5ppm, and 20-40cm increases 44.2ppm.The 0-40cm bulk density of soil reduces 0.18g/cm
3, osmotic coefficient increases 0.025mm/ minute 10 ℃, and the total pore space increases by 7.8%, and the ventilating slit increases by 3.7%, and capillary water increases by 6.6%.0-50cm topsoil soils natural moisture content on average increases by 2.27 percentage points early April to time of infertility late September, and soil moisture content is high 4 percentage points during 29 days June in 2000 to the August 2 of severe drought.0-40cm root system air dry weight increases by 32.5%, the high 735.3-1361cm of individual plant maximum leaf area
2, per unit area yield improves more than 15%, and the hectare cost reduces about 500 yuan.
Method of testing:
The soil organic matter: potassium dichromate method
Rapid available phosphorus: 0.5MnaHCo
3Lixiviate-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method
Available potassium: 1N NH
4O.AC lixiviate-flame light method
Soil moisture content: oven drying method
The individual plant leaf area: fixed point is measured, continuous 10 strain leaf area (reeling off raw silk from cocoons the phase) means.
Output: adopt the field to survey product method, diagonal random selecting point, every some 20m
2, repeat for three times, on average heavy, survey water, multiply by the value coefficient 0.9 that contracts after being converted into standard water.
Embodiment:
Narrate embodiments of the invention below:
Existing even ridge (about 65cm) is planted, make wide row (80-100cm) narrow row (30-50cm) plantation into, the phase of topdressing is carried out dark pine at wide row in conjunction with topdressing, and stays high stubble (about 30-50cm) during autumn harvest, receive the back and wide row is carried out rotary tillage, reach the sowing state with the band rotovator.1 year, carry out the narrow row precision drilling at the wide row of rotary tillage, form new narrow row seedling band.Topdress the phase, the tilling depth pine is topdressed in new wide row carries out, and has promptly finished the wide-line and narrow-line alternative cultivation mode next year loose deeply, that the seedling belt wheel changes.
Essence of the present invention is: the wide row phase wide cut pine deeply of topdressing, the high stubble field of rotting naturally to go back, autumn wide capable rotary tillage soil-working, narrow row precise sowing, alternative.
1, wide row topdress the phase wide cut deeply the pine
1 year one ripe district, the north, corn topdresses the phase at the beginning of-7 months on the 20th June, has entered rainy season or begins to enter rainy season.Dark pine can break tillage pan, add deep plough level this moment, improved the topsoil physical behavior, reduced river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi stream, admitted and store more precipitation, formed the soil reservoir.Can accomplish that Fu Yuqiu uses and spring usefulness, improves the natural precipitation utilization ratio.
2, the rotten naturally also field of high stubble
In the fat source of farming deficiency, stalk safety also take during the Tian Shangwu good method high-stubble (30-50cm) rot naturally field also (also the field amount account for stalk weight about 30%), the soil organic matter of increasing, culture fertility are arranged, reduce the soil wind erosion effect.
3, autumn wide capable rotary tillage soil-working
On the basis of dark pine of the phase of topdressing, receive the back once in wide capable rotary tillage, reach the sowing state.The directly sowing of not whole ground was beneficial to soil moisture conservation, kept a full stand of seedings spring.
4, narrow row precise sowing
Precise sowing means meticulous whole ground and precision drilling, and the narrow row precise sowing means on the meticulous in the fall whole ground foundation, is the precision drilling of 30-50cm at wide row enforcement last year line-spacing.Can save sowing quantity, reduce cost.
5, alternative means the alternative that forms after the seedling band is next year rotated.Have the soil fertility of recovery, guarantee that the seedling band is in the good soil environment, provide sufficient moisture, guarantee seedling growth, solve moisture disparities between supply and demand in spring by the soil reservoir.
Above-mentioned five technology are wanted supporting enforcement.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of corn tillage and cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the present invention adopts wide line-spacing 80-100cm, and narrow row is apart from the 30-50cm maize planting; 1 year corn planting is in narrow row, and tilling depth pine during wide row carries out in conjunction with topdressing stays high stubble 30-50cm during results, receive the back and with the band rotovator wide row is carried out rotary tillage, reaches the sowing state; 1 year, carry out narrow row precision drilling corn at the wide row of rotary tillage last year, form the new capable phase thinning of width band, tilling depth pine in new wide row carries out in conjunction with topdressing still stays high batch 30-50cm during results, also with the band rotovator wide row is carried out rotary tillage after the receipts; Plantation so repeatedly reaches next year dark wide-line and narrow-line alternative loose, that the seedling belt wheel changes and cultivates method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00124720A CN1092919C (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Wide-line and narrow-line alternative method for planting corn |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00124720A CN1092919C (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Wide-line and narrow-line alternative method for planting corn |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1304638A CN1304638A (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| CN1092919C true CN1092919C (en) | 2002-10-23 |
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| CN00124720A Expired - Fee Related CN1092919C (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Wide-line and narrow-line alternative method for planting corn |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101258808B (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2010-12-08 | 沈阳农业大学 | Corn yield-increasing planting method |
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| CN100356827C (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2007-12-26 | 吉林大学 | Three-year shifting mechanizaxion cultivation method of northeast ridge culture intertilled crop water reservoir moisture retension |
| CN100336431C (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2007-09-12 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ridge direction changing and ridge distance enlarging method for cultivating corn |
| CN101911896B (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-11-14 | 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Corn near stubble minimal tillage drought resisting planting method |
| CN102550237A (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-07-11 | 曹景丰 | Improved method for continuous cropping of cucumber in greenhouse facility |
| CN102282927A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-12-21 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn stubble deep loosening tillage method |
| CN102550258A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-11 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Wheat alternated protective tillage and wide-breadth wide-row sowing and fertilizing method |
| CN103931378A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-23 | 吉林农业大学 | Corn planting and straw returning separated crop succession farming system |
| CN105706699B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-08-21 | 陈久芳 | The method for carrying out corn plant using golden section |
| CN108684465A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-10-23 | 大庆市农业技术推广中心 | Western Heilongjiang Province Maize in Arid Regions stalk exempts from 4090 high-yield culture technique of burn and recycle in field |
| CN107027367A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-08-11 | 安徽金培因科技有限公司 | A kind of more anti-implantation methods of being got bumper crops for summer corn |
| CN109042167A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-21 | 东北农业大学 | Wide-and narrow-row rice rice transplanting high-stubble strip cultivation agricultural method |
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| CN111406590A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-14 | 长春市农业机械研究院 | Protective farming method for returning all maize straws to field |
| CN110972847A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn cultivation method and application thereof |
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| CN113396661A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Water-heat comprehensive regulation and control method for dry farmland fertilizer in freeze thawing area |
| CN114041390A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-15 | 吉林嘉垚农业发展有限公司 | Corn planting method for protecting black land by performing groove fermentation based on full-amount straw remaining |
| CN115669479A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-02-03 | 东北农业大学 | Nitrogen-reducing synergistic cold-region black-soil corn planting method |
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| CN1078091A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1993-11-10 | 刘忠良 | Corn, three-dimensional cultivation of wheat method |
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| CN1154786A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1997-07-23 | 北京市农业局 | Non-traditional high-yield cultivation technology for interplanting maize in wheat field |
| CN1214191A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 1999-04-21 | 张厚才 | Optimized crop cultivation method |
| CN1250590A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2000-04-19 | 王乾友 | Layered cultivation technique for interplanting Dictyophora phalloidea in corn fields |
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Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1078091A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1993-11-10 | 刘忠良 | Corn, three-dimensional cultivation of wheat method |
| CN1145161A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-03-19 | 罗世锐 | Alternate lines planting method |
| CN1154786A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1997-07-23 | 北京市农业局 | Non-traditional high-yield cultivation technology for interplanting maize in wheat field |
| CN1214191A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 1999-04-21 | 张厚才 | Optimized crop cultivation method |
| CN1250590A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2000-04-19 | 王乾友 | Layered cultivation technique for interplanting Dictyophora phalloidea in corn fields |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101258808B (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2010-12-08 | 沈阳农业大学 | Corn yield-increasing planting method |
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| CN1304638A (en) | 2001-07-25 |
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