CN102282927A - Corn stubble deep loosening tillage method - Google Patents
Corn stubble deep loosening tillage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102282927A CN102282927A CN2011101669279A CN201110166927A CN102282927A CN 102282927 A CN102282927 A CN 102282927A CN 2011101669279 A CN2011101669279 A CN 2011101669279A CN 201110166927 A CN201110166927 A CN 201110166927A CN 102282927 A CN102282927 A CN 102282927A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corn stubble deep loosening tillage method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The method comprises the steps of high stubble return to field, high stubble row planting and stubble zone deep loosening. By the method, safe field return of straws is realized; and deep loosening is performed during the development of corn by combining topdressing, so that high stubbles are naturally rotted and returned to the field, the organic substances of the soil are increased, the soil is fertilized, and the land resource is sustainably used. Complete, tidy and strong seedlings are realized; and continuous high yield, good quality and high efficiency are realized in corn production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, relate to a kind of corn planting method.
Background technology
In the existing tillage and cultivation technology, great majority manually cut out the stem stalk behind the harvest corn, only the root stubble are stayed in the soil, remove the root stubble again by the method for mechanical stubble-cleaning or rotary tillage soil-working.The subject matter one that exists in the Northeast plain black soil region production at present is that soil fertility descends, and according to document announcement, the soil organic matter is annual to descend more than 0.01%; The 2nd, the soil erosion is serious, mainly shows the soil erosion (wind erosion and water erosion).The 3rd, the plow layer of black earth shallow (13-16cm), tillage pan is thick hard.The 4th, the maize straw difficulty, effective precipitation is few during the crop growth, the whole field decomposition fully also of stalk behind the mechanical harvest, in addition, stalk all also behind the field sowing of next year do not reach once to sow and save seedling from damage, when decomposing, a large amount of maize straws needs a large amount of moisture, also can grow the moisture of fighting in the soil with crop simultaneously, the middle and later periods that influences corn grows, and output descends, therefore, continue the high-yield and high-efficiency difficulty.
The existing methods of cultivation in China Northeast plain district mainly contain two kinds: a kind of is that corn is manually gathered in the crops when ripe, the stem stalk all shifts out the farmland, only stay the root stubble, 1 year spring, (before the sowing) mechanical stubble-cleaning or rotary tillage soil-working removed stubble, machinery stubble-cleaning ridging multiple operation, (8-10 sheet leaf) intertilled once after emergence of corn, and the degree of depth is 10-15cm, and this method of cultivating accounts for more than 90%.The 2nd, mechanical harvest when corn is ripe is shed in the farmland behind the straw chopping.This cultivated method is in order to guarantee the survival rate of seedlings of next year sowing, shifts out the farmland after the stalk after most peasants will pulverize is again concentrated together again or directly burns in the farmland, causes difficulty by full stand in the farmland no-tillage seeding if stalk is all stayed.Carry out no-tillage seeding next year, do not intertill during maize growth.This method of cultivating accounts for below 5%.The main drawback one of first method is not have straw-returning, is the stubble in field of crop, former for many years ridge ridge culture planting, the intertillage degree of depth does not reach specification requirement, form a corrugated tillage pan at the following soil of about 15-20cm, permeability is relatively poor, influences output and improves.Second method belongs to the conservation tillage method, but the Northeast plain black soil region is owing to be subjected to precipitation and Temperature Influence, and maize straw is all gone back the field and separated difficulty in the anniversary hollow heart under the present ecological environment of soil condition, and seedling is saved in the influence sowing from damage.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of corn stubble-remaining deep-loosening farming method that can realize soil resource protection and sustainable use.
The scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following steps to finish:
1, goes back the field for high batch: when results, stay high stubble 40-60cm, the rotten naturally field of going back of stalk;
2, high stubble plantation in the ranks: 1 year spring is at precise sowing in the ranks;
3, the dark pine of stubble band: corn jointing early stage, the phase of promptly topdressing is dark loose 30-40cm on stubble is with, and dark pine carries out simultaneously with topdressing, and the chopping stalk is also buried.
High stubble also stays during the field between the high stubble 45-55cm effect desirable more.
During the dark pine of stubble band on stubble is with between the dark loose 33-37cm effect desirable more.
The present invention can be on the level land, implement on the level land, hilllock.Need possess precision planter, dark loose fertilizer applicator, the above supporting tractor of 35-4 horsepower during enforcement.
Through experimental test, of the present inventionly cultivate method and existing autumn stubble-cleaning, spring and beat the method for cultivating broadcast on ridge, the ridge relatively, the organic average annual 0.36g/kg that improves of 0-50cm topsoil soils, spring, soil moisture content improved 1.0%-3.0%, the time of infertility, soil moisture content improved 1.0%-4.0%, survival rate of seedlings improves 5%-10%, and output improves 5%-10%, and the hectare cost reduces more than 300 yuan.
By corn stubble-remaining deep-loosening farming method of the present invention, upright stubble is gone back the field after the corn autumn harvest, realized also field of stalk safety, during maize growth, carry out Fu Shensong in conjunction with topdressing, mainly be to break tillage pan, create the topsoil soils reservoir, improve the natural precipitation utilization ratio, realize that high stubble rots to go back the field, increase the soil organic matter, culture fertility naturally, make the land resources continuous utilization.By reducing cargo handling operation, adopting precise sowing, significantly reduce production costs, improve output benefit.No matter be to adopt conventional row spacing (micro-ridge) plantation, still adopt the large-ridge double-row plantation, mainly be that corn stays high stubble when autumn harvest, (before the jointing) carries out in a narrow margin dark pine or wide cut pine deeply in conjunction with topdressing in that the stubble band is capable during maize growth, realizes seedling band and the actual situation of dark pine band parallel longitudinal and the soil structure of depositing.If the bed surface out-of-flatness will be carried out the band rotary tillage soil-working after the autumn harvest then, do not break ground the spring in 1 year, prevents to realize that seedling is complete, seedling is neat, seedling is strong because spring drought causes soil moisture to scatter and disappear, and Maize Production continues high yield, high-quality, efficient.
Embodiment
Example 1,1 year are under the condition of the even ridge of existing cultivated method (60-70cm) plantation, adopt the sowing state that reaches of ploughing after the autumn harvest wholely, directly sowing of not whole ground in 1 year spring, form new seedling band, carry out dark pine in conjunction with topdressing the fertility mid-term (on June-30 on the 20th) at corn, stay high stubble during autumn harvest then, can not put in order ground if bed surface is smooth.Next year is in the ranks sowed at the stubble band, before the corn jointing, carry out dark pine in conjunction with topdressing, dark loose degree of depth 30-40cm has promptly finished corn stubble-remaining deep loose plough, seedling band and the dark loose cultivation mode of being with transposition leisure next year, transposition intertillage, precise sowing or semi-accuracy seeding.
Example 2, the even ridge (50-70cm) of existing cultivated method is planted, make the large-ridge double-row plantation into, big ridge 80-100cm, the seedling band of planting is that narrow row 30-50cm kind is planted, topdressing the phase, (carry out dark pine in conjunction with topdressing before the corn jointing on loose row, seedling band narrow row is stayed high stubble (40-60cm) during autumn harvest.With the band rotovator wide row is carried out rotary tillage after the autumn harvest, reach the sowing state, narrow row (seedling band) is stayed the rotten naturally also field of high stubble.In 1 year spring, the wide row sowing in rotary tillage forms new narrow row seedling band, topdresses the phase, and the tilling depth pine is topdressed in new wide row again, has finished promptly that next year dark pine, seedling belt wheel are changed, high batch of subsoiling kind of large-ridge double-row of alternative.
Claims (3)
1. corn stubble-remaining deep-loosening farming method is characterized in that being finished by following steps:
(1) goes back the field for high batch: when results, stay high stubble 40-60cm, the rotten naturally field of going back of stalk;
(2) high stubble plantation in the ranks: 1 year spring is at precise sowing in the ranks;
(3) the dark pine of stubble band: corn jointing early stage, the phase of promptly topdressing is dark loose 30-40cm on stubble is with, and dark pine carries out simultaneously with topdressing, and the chopping stalk is also buried.
2. corn stubble-remaining deep-loosening farming method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: high stubble stays when going back the field between the high stubble 45-55cm.
3. corn stubble-remaining deep-loosening farming method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during the dark pine of stubble band on stubble is with between the dark loose 33-37cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101669279A CN102282927A (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Corn stubble deep loosening tillage method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101669279A CN102282927A (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Corn stubble deep loosening tillage method |
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| CN102282927A true CN102282927A (en) | 2011-12-21 |
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| CN2011101669279A Pending CN102282927A (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Corn stubble deep loosening tillage method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206165A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-17 | 李鹏飞 | Chinese thorowax root and maize intercropping cultivation method |
| CN106171095A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of black soil of Northeast China farmland mechanization high standard autumn method of soil preparation |
| CN110972847A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN110972846A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn ditch interchange planting method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1304638A (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2001-07-25 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Wide-line and narrow-line alternative method for planting corn |
| CN1596590A (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2005-03-23 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Tillage cultivation method of corn |
| CN1647602A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2005-08-03 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for tilling corn land |
-
2011
- 2011-06-21 CN CN2011101669279A patent/CN102282927A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1304638A (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2001-07-25 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Wide-line and narrow-line alternative method for planting corn |
| CN1596590A (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2005-03-23 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Tillage cultivation method of corn |
| CN1647602A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2005-08-03 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for tilling corn land |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 郑金玉等: "关于改进东北春玉米现行耕法的思考", 《吉林农业科学》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206165A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-17 | 李鹏飞 | Chinese thorowax root and maize intercropping cultivation method |
| CN106171095A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of black soil of Northeast China farmland mechanization high standard autumn method of soil preparation |
| CN106171095B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-04-20 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of black soil of Northeast China farmland mechanization high standard autumn method of soil preparation |
| CN110972847A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN110972846A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn ditch interchange planting method |
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Application publication date: 20111221 |