CN108934697A - A kind of high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934697A CN108934697A CN201810726278.5A CN201810726278A CN108934697A CN 108934697 A CN108934697 A CN 108934697A CN 201810726278 A CN201810726278 A CN 201810726278A CN 108934697 A CN108934697 A CN 108934697A
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- mandarin orange
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high-yield planting methods of tribute mandarin orange, comprise the following steps that step S1, collect seed；Nursery: step S2 (1) is built to garden；(2) it sows；(3) it grafts；(4) it afforests;Step S3, kind crop: the crops leguminous plant of kind can plant green manure plant after hat width of growing into forest expands；Step S4: soil management；Step S5, fertilising and irrigation；Step S6, shape pruning；Step S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Step S8, tree body are antifreeze.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: being remarkably improved the quality of tribute mandarin orange percentage of fertile fruit and fruit, tribute mandarin orange yield can be greatly improved by this method, improve orchard worker's income.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange.
Background technique
Tribute mandarin orange is the new varieties that Guangdong is excavated and selected from You Xi farmers' citrus variety in recent years, is orange naturally miscellaneous with tangerine
Hand over kind.Tribute mandarin orange with fresh and sweet fragrant honey, meat embrittlement slag, the high sugared low merits such as sour, in good taste and be welcomed by consumers, awarded
Give " Chinese name fruit " honorary title.It is general in production to its long-term lacking system research but since the commodity development history of tribute mandarin orange is very short
All over there are the phenomenons such as physiological fallen fruit is serious, percentage of fertile fruit is low, low yield often is caused because abusing growth regulator fruit retention or is degraded
Drawback seriously constrains the development of tribute mandarin orange production.
Summary of the invention
In conclusion in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of tribute mandarin oranges
High-yield planting method.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange, including it is as follows
The step of:
Step S1, collect seed: elite stand select stable yields, high yield, quality is good, result is early, robust growth, best fruiting period no disease and pests harm it is excellent
Single plant, after tribute mandarin orange full maturity, after being carried out grain-by-grain seed selection, horse back mulling storage；
Step S2, nursery:
(1) it builds to garden: by garden building height above sea level 500m in, leeward to face south, 25 ° of the gradient low mountains and hills hillocks or river below
Beach；Depth of soil reaches 50cm, level of ground water 1m, and pH value is 5.5~6.8, and soil property is fertile sand loam or gravel matter earth
Soil；
(2) it sows: in early April with the good seed of sand storage using crop field formula or the trench digging drilling of seedbed formula, line-spacing (15~20) cm
× (25~30) cm, 5~10cm of ditch depth, 3~5cm of earthing lay flat seed in ditch；
(3) it grafts: being carried out using the method for cut-grafting, cortex grafting or side grafting；Utilize the nothing grown directly from seeds or wild stock is grafted
Sexual reproduction, the scion fruitful branch of clip robust growth or development on robust growth, the adult fine individual plant that result is more, quality is good
Branch, scion grafting are carried out when the bud of stock starts to sprout when bark easily peels off；Carried out after connecing vertical windproof pillar, except sprout, pinching and
Weeding, reinforcement are applied fertilizer, interface is lightened restrictions on, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(4) it afforests: selecting the raw seedling of the complete 2-3 of root system, dig big cave, basal dressing before planting.It pours water after cultivation, training is at soil after water infiltration is dry
Heap, to prevent wind rocking；The density of plantation is;The seeding row spacing of dry fruit woods is 6m × 6m；Material fruit dual-purpose forest line-spacing is 4m × 5m or 2m × 3m；
Timber stands seeding row spacing is 2m × 2m or 2m × 3m;4~8 row of main breed configures 1 row pollinizers;
Step S3, kind crop: the crops leguminous plant of kind can plant green manure plant after hat width of growing into forest expands；
Step S4: soil management: plough comprehensively for 1 time after the harvesting of tribute mandarin orange, and depth is 15~20cm；
Step S5, fertilising and irrigation: applying fertilizer 3 times for 1 year, and the garden Qing Yuanwa applies base fertilizer in winter, and fertilizer type is with organic fertilizer
It is main, suitably apply chemical fertilizer；Apply the 2nd fertilizer 3~April, every plant applies decomposed 5~10kg of dung polluted water, 0.3~0.5kg of urea；7
~August, every plant of application 0.5~1kg of compound fertilizer, decomposed 40~50kg of organic manure；
Step S6, shape pruning: tribute mandarin orange shape of tree-crown is semicircle using nature, and heading height is 70~100cm, major branch 5~6
It is a, 2~3 layers, the 1st layer of 2-3, the 2nd layer 1~2, the 3rd layer 1, retain side shoot 2~3 on every major branch, interlamellar spacing 1~
1.5m, major branch spacing 50cm in layer, the 1st side shoot interlock up and down apart from trunk 60cm, side shoot, avoid to life；
Step S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: powdery mildew is wiped out disease branch after occurring in time and is burnt, and is carried out with lime sulfur and sulphur powder
Sprinkling;Grub class pest is aimed at prevention, winter to garden deep ploughs, and removes, and sowed ahead of time if discovery is gone out at once, makes tribute
Mandarin orange seedling shifts to an earlier date lignifying, if insecticide can be used when insect pest is serious；
Step S8, tree body are antifreeze: the place of height above sea level 800m, and antifreezing measures use trunk whitewashing method；The ground of 800~1500m of height above sea level
Grass or the method with straw rope winding trunk are in the ranks covered using fruit tree in side.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is remarkably improved the quality of tribute mandarin orange percentage of fertile fruit and fruit, it can be big by this method
It is big to improve tribute mandarin orange yield, improve orchard worker's income.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:
Further, 125~150kg of application rate per acre in step S2；
It further, is leguminous plant peanut, mung bean or semen viciae fabae in step S3；
Further, fertilizer imposes in place of tree crown perimeter in step S5, and winter organic fertilizer is using cyclic annular ditch spread, spring and summer
Fertilizer makees top dressing, and radial to apply or cave is applied, fertilizer is poured water in time after applying.
Specific embodiment
Principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with concrete example, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange, comprises the following steps that
Step S1 collects seed: excellent variety is the key that realize tribute mandarin orange high-yield culturing；During realizing improved variety, have to
Adaptation to local conditions, suitable planting；Elite stand select stable yields, high yield, quality is good, result is early, robust growth, best fruiting period no disease and pests harm it is excellent
Good single plant；After tribute mandarin orange full maturity, after being carried out grain-by-grain seed selection, horse back mulling storage；
Step S2, nursery: due to carrying out low seedling survival rate in a manner of press strip and cuttage to tribute mandarin orange, so using sowing and transferring
Connect 2 kinds of methods；
(1) build to garden: tribute mandarin orange light should by garden build height above sea level 500m in, leeward to face south, 25 ° of the gradient low mountains below
Hills hillock or flood land, guarantee are had abundant water resources, are drained well；Depth of soil reaches 50cm, level of ground water 1m, pH value 5.5
~6.8, soil property is fertile sand loam or gravelly loam；
(2) it sows: in early April with the good seed of sand storage using crop field formula or the trench digging drilling of seedbed formula, line-spacing (15~20) cm
× (25~30) cm, 5~10cm of ditch depth, 3~5cm of earthing lay flat seed in ditch, per acre 125~150kg of application rate；
(3) it grafts: utilizing the vegetative propagation grown directly from seeds or wild stock is grafted；Scion should in robust growth, result is more, product
The fruitful branch or developmental branch of clip robust growth, the branch of excessive growth that can also be suitably enriched using growth on the good adult fine individual plant of matter
In, lower part；The bud that stock is generally worked as in scion grafting, which starts to sprout when bark easily peels off, to carry out；Gong Ganshu grafting, which uses, cuts
It connects, cortex grafting, side grafting；Carried out after connecing vertical windproof pillar, except sprout, pinching and weeding, reinforce fertilising, interface is lightened restrictions on, pest and disease damage is prevented
It the management works such as controls, guarantees nursery stock normal growth；
(4) it afforests: selecting the raw seedling of the complete 2-3 of root system, dig big cave, basal dressing before planting；It pours water after cultivation, training is at soil after water infiltration is dry
Heap, to prevent wind rocking；The density of plantation, the seeding row spacing of dry fruit woods are 6m × 6m；Material fruit dual-purpose forest line-spacing is 4m × 5m or 2m × 3m；With
Timberland seeding row spacing is 2m × 2m or 2m × 3m；Tribute mandarin orange is cross pollinated species, and when plant should be noted that configuration pollinated variety, main cultivation product
4~8 rows of kind, configure 1 row pollinizers；If the florescence meets rainy weather, should row artificial supplementary pollination, to remedy self-pollination
It is insufficient；
Step S3, kind crop: tribute mandarin orange woodland kind crop, it can plough generation and comfort, improve soil texture, increase soil fertility；Again
It can increase grain income, with short feeding length, realize mandarin orange grain bumper harvests；Between the crops planted be preferably the pulse families such as peanut, mung bean, semen viciae fabae
Plant；After hat width of growing into forest expands, green manure plant can be planted；
Step S4: soil management: it was verified that Gong Ganyuan is ploughed deeply, the physicochemical character of lower soil is obviously improved, fertilizer conservation, water conservation
Ability is reinforced, and active soil stratum thickness has been deepened, and Root Distribution depth thickeies；Plough comprehensively for 1 time after the harvesting of tribute mandarin orange, depth is
15~20cm；Correlation test shows to plough deeply tribute to expansion cave tribute mandarin orange tree tree crown edge 100cm × 100cm soil profile observation is ploughed deeply
Mandarin orange root system does not plough deeply chestnut and increases by 34, and the absorption root less than 2mm increases by 32；
Step S5, fertilising and irrigation: to make Gong Ganshu high yield, stable yields, it is necessary to reinforce fertilizer and water management work, apply fertilizer 3 times within 1 year；Bottom
The garden Qing Yuanwa applies fertilizer in winter, and fertilizer type mainly based on organic fertilizer, suitably applies chemical fertilizer；The 2nd fertilizer is applied, often 3~April
Strain applies decomposed 5~10kg of dung polluted water, 0.3~0.5kg of urea；7~August, to promote Fruit, every plant of application compound fertilizer
0.5~1kg, decomposed 40~50kg of organic manure；Fertilizer imposes in place of tree crown perimeter, and winter organic fertilizer uses annular groove
It applies, spring and summer chemical fertilizer makees top dressing, and radial to apply or cave is applied, fertilizer will pour water in time after applying；Dry season, conditional place are answered
It irrigates in time；
Step S6, shape pruning: tribute mandarin orange is intolerant tree species, illumination to the bud differentiation of tribute mandarin orange, leaf development, bear fruit, fruit produces
Amount and quality can all generate important influence；Therefore, the tree-like trimming of tribute mandarin orange is most important, and tribute mandarin orange shape of tree-crown is using nature half
Circle, heading height are 70~100cm, and 5~6, major branch, 2~3 layers, the 1st layer of 2-3 is a, the 2nd layer 1~2, the 3rd layer 1, often
Retain side shoot 2~3,1~1.5m of interlamellar spacing on major branch, major branch spacing 50cm in layer, the 1st side shoot is apart from trunk 60cm, side shoot
Interlock up and down, avoids to life；Later trimming using " clear thorax trimming ", or only removes dense branches, slim and frahile branch, disease branch and withered
Branch, other branches are not trimmed；
Step S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the Common Diseases for endangering tribute mandarin orange have tribute mandarin orange bud blight, powdery mildew, anthracnose etc., and insect pest has chestnut
Real weevil, Lachus tropicalis, longicorn, various aphids etc.；Strict implement plant quarantine system is wanted in prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control work, is selected through examining
Fixed Resistant kind, safe and reasonable use pesticide, and control dosage is reduced environmental pollution based on biological control；With white powder
For disease and grub class pest, powdery mildew should wipe out disease branch in time and burn after occurring, and with lime sulfur and sulphur powder into
Row sprinkling;Grub class pest should be aimed at prevention, winter to garden deep ploughs, and removes if discovery is gone out at once, and broadcast ahead of time
Kind, so that tribute mandarin orange seedling is shifted to an earlier date lignifying, if insect pest can use insecticide when serious in right amount；
Step S8, tree body are antifreeze: the place of height above sea level 800m, and antifreezing measures use trunk whitewashing method；The ground of 800~1500m of height above sea level
Grass or the method with straw rope winding trunk are in the ranks covered using fruit tree in side.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps that
Step S1, collect seed: elite stand select stable yields, high yield, quality is good, result is early, robust growth, best fruiting period no disease and pests harm it is excellent
Single plant, after tribute mandarin orange full maturity, after being carried out grain-by-grain seed selection, horse back mulling storage；
Step S2, nursery:
(1) it builds to garden: by garden building height above sea level 500m in, leeward to face south, 25 ° of the gradient low mountains and hills hillocks or river below
Beach；Depth of soil reaches 50cm, level of ground water 1m, and pH value is 5.5~6.8, and soil property is fertile sand loam or gravel matter earth
Soil；
(2) it sows: in early April with the good seed of sand storage using crop field formula or the trench digging drilling of seedbed formula, line-spacing (15~20) cm
× (25~30) cm, 5~10cm of ditch depth, 3~5cm of earthing lay flat seed in ditch；
(3) it grafts: being carried out using the method for cut-grafting, cortex grafting or side grafting；Utilize the nothing grown directly from seeds or wild stock is grafted
Sexual reproduction, the scion fruitful branch of clip robust growth or development on robust growth, the adult fine individual plant that result is more, quality is good
Branch, scion grafting are carried out when the bud of stock starts to sprout when bark easily peels off；Carried out after connecing vertical windproof pillar, except sprout, pinching and
Weeding, reinforcement are applied fertilizer, interface is lightened restrictions on, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(4) it afforests: selecting the raw seedling of the complete 2-3 of root system, dig big cave, basal dressing before planting.It pours water after cultivation, training is at soil after water infiltration is dry
Heap, to prevent wind rocking；The density of plantation is;The seeding row spacing of dry fruit woods is 6m × 6m；Material fruit dual-purpose forest line-spacing is 4m × 5m or 2m × 3m；
Timber stands seeding row spacing is 2m × 2m or 2m × 3m;4~8 row of main breed configures 1 row pollinizers;
Step S3, kind crop: the crops leguminous plant of kind can plant green manure plant after hat width of growing into forest expands；
Step S4: soil management: plough comprehensively for 1 time after the harvesting of tribute mandarin orange, and depth is 15~20cm；
Step S5, fertilising and irrigation: applying fertilizer 3 times for 1 year, and the garden Qing Yuanwa applies base fertilizer in winter, and fertilizer type is with organic fertilizer
It is main, suitably apply chemical fertilizer；Apply the 2nd fertilizer 3~April, every plant applies decomposed 5~10kg of dung polluted water, 0.3~0.5kg of urea；7
~August, every plant of application 0.5~1kg of compound fertilizer, decomposed 40~50kg of organic manure；
Step S6, shape pruning: tribute mandarin orange shape of tree-crown is semicircle using nature, and heading height is 70~100cm, major branch 5~6
It is a, 2~3 layers, the 1st layer of 2-3, the 2nd layer 1~2, the 3rd layer 1, retain side shoot 2~3 on every major branch, interlamellar spacing 1~
1.5m, major branch spacing 50cm in layer, the 1st side shoot interlock up and down apart from trunk 60cm, side shoot, avoid to life；
Step S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: powdery mildew is wiped out disease branch after occurring in time and is burnt, and is carried out with lime sulfur and sulphur powder
Sprinkling;Grub class pest is aimed at prevention, winter to garden deep ploughs, and removes, and sowed ahead of time if discovery is gone out at once, makes tribute
Mandarin orange seedling shifts to an earlier date lignifying, if insecticide can be used when insect pest is serious；
Step S8, tree body are antifreeze: the place of height above sea level 800m, and antifreezing measures use trunk whitewashing method；The ground of 800~1500m of height above sea level
Grass or the method with straw rope winding trunk are in the ranks covered using fruit tree in side.
2. the high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1, which is characterized in that application rate 125 per acre in step S2
~150kg.
3. the high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be leguminous plant in step S3
Raw, mung bean or semen viciae fabae.
4. the high-yield planting method of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fertilizer imposes on tree crown side in step S5
Place around edge, for winter organic fertilizer using cyclic annular ditch spread, spring and summer chemical fertilizer makees top dressing, and radial to apply or cave is applied, fertilizer is applied
It pours water in time later.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100759132B1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2007-09-19 | 백장길 | New citrus variety 'sanggo'mass producible by asexually propagation |
| CN104770261A (en) * | 2014-01-11 | 2015-07-15 | 龚镔 | Pollution-free orange production method |
| CN108076881A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-29 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | Citrus winter heats method for culturing seedlings |
| CN108076939A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-05-29 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of tribute mandarin orange and the interplanting method of Salvia japonica |
-
2018
- 2018-07-04 CN CN201810726278.5A patent/CN108934697A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100759132B1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2007-09-19 | 백장길 | New citrus variety 'sanggo'mass producible by asexually propagation |
| CN104770261A (en) * | 2014-01-11 | 2015-07-15 | 龚镔 | Pollution-free orange production method |
| CN108076939A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-05-29 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of tribute mandarin orange and the interplanting method of Salvia japonica |
| CN108076881A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-29 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | Citrus winter heats method for culturing seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |