CN108812107A - A kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment - Google Patents
A kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108812107A CN108812107A CN201810693243.6A CN201810693243A CN108812107A CN 108812107 A CN108812107 A CN 108812107A CN 201810693243 A CN201810693243 A CN 201810693243A CN 108812107 A CN108812107 A CN 108812107A
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- watermelon
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- imitative
- film
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- 241000219109 Citrullus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003447 ipsilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000422 nocturnal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002826 placenta Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- UUTKICFRNVKFRG-WDSKDSINSA-N (4R)-3-[oxo-[(2S)-5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinyl]methyl]-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CSCN1C(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1 UUTKICFRNVKFRG-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000007848 Alcoholism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010019345 Heat stroke Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001417907 Peponidium Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001431 Psychomotor Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001325280 Tricardia watsonii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000007930 alcohol dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006408 female gonad development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002216 heart Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001936 parietal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0231—Tunnels, i.e. protective full coverings for rows of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment.The method of the present invention mainly passes through plastic film mulching and arched shed is built, and reduces influence of the external rainwater to plant watermelon, provides a relatively arid environment to watermelon growing；The heating effect of arched shed improves day temperature simultaneously, increases day and night temperature；The arid stimulation of root and the high temperature difference of growing point stimulate, and promote watermelon to form degeneration-resistant stimulate the reaction, are mainly shown as raising sucrose accumulation, promote fruit quality.While the cultural method shifts to an earlier date the plantation of watermelon and collecting time, quality of watermelon is improved, gained sugariness of water-melon improves, good in economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment.
Background technique
Watermelon belongs to Curcurbitaceae Citrullus, original Africa, dicotyledonous flowering plant, annual liana of overgrowing, monoecism,
Female, male flower is singly born in axil；Fruit is Peponidium, and a kind of succulent fruit specific to Curcurbitaceae mellon plant is by three heart spleens
Pseudocarp made of inferior ovary development with parietal placenta, eats part as flourishing placenta, fruit flesh succulence be it is red or
Yellow；Watermelon is cold in nature, sweet in flavor, return heart, stomach, bladder meridian, have effects that it is clearing heat and detoxicating, promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, diuresis relieving restlessness, cure mainly chest
Diaphragm gas is stopped up, completely bored not relax, difficult urination, the raw sore of mouth and nose, hot summer weather, heatstroke, the diseases such as relieving alcoholism.
All parts of the country have cultivation, kind is a lot of, and exocarp, pulp and seed are various informative, with Xinjiang, Gansu Lanzhou,
The ground such as Shandong Dezhou, Dongtai are the most famous.
The climatic factor of influence in view of soil and weather, especially to(for) quality of watermelon, the quality of watermelon of most area
It can not be compared with the Northwest.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the climatic factor of influence for soil and weather, especially to(for) quality of watermelon,
The present invention provides a kind of cultivating watermelon methods of imitative northwest natural environment to be given by artificially changing the plant environment of watermelon
The certain adverse circumstance stimulation of watermelon, promotes its sucrose accumulation amount to increase, which shifts to an earlier date the plantation of watermelon and collecting time
While, quality of watermelon is improved, gained sugariness of water-melon and nutritive value improve, good in economic efficiency.
The method of the present invention mainly passes through plastic film mulching and arched shed is built, and reduces influence of the external rainwater to plant watermelon, gives
Watermelon growing provides a relatively arid environment；The heating effect of arched shed improves day temperature simultaneously, increases day and night temperature；Root
The arid stimulation in portion and the high temperature difference of growing point stimulate, and promote watermelon to form degeneration-resistant stimulate the reaction, are mainly shown as raising sugar
Accumulation promotes fruit quality.By artificially simulating the environment of this arid and the big temperature difference, achieve the purpose that improve fruit quality.
Specific technical solution is as follows：
1) selection of land：Select excessively drained field, soil property with sandy loam be it is best, slight heavy soil also may be used；As far as possible not
The excessively viscous important place block of selection；
The soil weight of the sandy loam is in 1.1-1.3g/cm3Between, soil hardness is slight viscous between 80-100N
The soil weight of heavy soil is in 1.1-1.5g/cm3, and soil hardness 100-120N；It does not select excessively to glue important place block (soil as far as possible
Bulk density is more than 1.5g/cm3, and soil hardness is more than 120N)；
2) site preparation：Successively follow the steps below：
Watering deep ploughing：It is once watered before plant, guarantees that plot sufficiently suctions moisture；When can be operated into ground, fertilising
Rotary tillage is loosened the soil afterwards, and rotary tillage depth is not less than 20cm；It is preferred that fertilising is sufficiently decomposed biological organic fertilizer, (content of organic matter is not less than
45%, living bacteria count is not less than 2,000 ten thousand cfu/g, and total nutrient is not less than 5%)；Above-mentioned biological organic fertilizer is conventional commercial production
Product, fertilizer practice are also conventional fertilizer application technology.
Cover mulch：Rotary tillage carries out covering with ground sheeting immediately after completing, covering with ground sheeting width is 1.3-1.6m, mulch interval
Width is 70-190cm, as later period manual operation channel；
Set up arched shed：After the completion of overlay film, arched shed is set up above every row film, curves arch arched shed span using fine steel tube
Identical as thin-film width, arched shed height is 40-60cm；Arched shed is that (plastic film is common greenhouse with thin to single layer plastics films
Film), film is fixed at plantation row both ends, thin-film width is advisable with the just contact ground that hangs naturally；Utilize the materials such as beer rope
Expect fixed plastics film, prevents from being blown afloat by strong wind；
3) watermelon is transplanted：
Every row mulch planting a line watermelon, every row watermelon plant position is every row at mulch one side edge 28-35cm
Middle spacing in the rows 90-100cm, adjacent rows plant rule is that parity rows are not ipsilateral, can be formed it is big in the ranks with it is small in the ranks, facilitate the later period
It manages and protects；
4) final management and maintenance
It covers canopy film daytime, improves internal temperature, at night start two sides canopy film, be aerated cooling, increase round the clock
Arched shed two sides canopy film should be put down heat preservation if nocturnal temperature is lower than 5 DEG C by the temperature difference；
Temperature supports after increasing for seedling (such as inserts the wooden stick of two 20-25cm long, two wooden stick tops on the ground
Intersect, seedling be placed on infall) far from mulch, it prevents from scalding；
Guarantee that the climing growing point of watermelon is in arched shed region, such as can be pruned by pruning, keeps melon climing into arched shed
Side growth, growing point are in arched shed always in high temperature and drought environment；
Post flowering artificial pollination simultaneously marks, and 1 watermelon of every plant of reservation can guarantee quality of watermelon to greatest extent；
After watermelon diameter 10cm, foam box backing, which can be used, to be prevented from being injured, and guarantees that the appearance of each fruit is in
Optimum state；
By the change of fruit quality and appearance, product synthesized competitiveness is improved, promotes value of the product；
Depending on soil moisture content and avoid broad irrigation when needing to water, only pour it is small in the ranks, guarantee watermelon root soil
The particular surroundings that earth moistens while arid.Water opportunity and irrigation amount are this field routine techniques herein, again not into
Row repeats.The external environment of semi-dry and semi-humid can persistently give watermelon a kind of stimulus signal, especially arid stimulation letter
Number Watermelon Fruit can be promoted more fragrant and more sweet, and half of wet environment be capable of providing watermelon normal growth needed for moisture, protect
Demonstrate,prove normal plants.
5) it harvests
It can harvest within 40-50 days after pollination, guarantee the quality of watermelon.
It the features of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that：
First, two kinds of Insulations of covering with ground sheeting and arched shed are used in the method for the present invention, are improved local temperature, are made watermelon
The plant time can shift to an earlier date 2-3 weeks；
Second, the present invention passes through the use of mulch and arched shed, changes local environment, provides similar west for watermelon growing
The big temperature difference and drought environment in backlands area, improve fruit quality；
Third, method for planting of the present invention uses every row mulch planting a line watermelon, and row plant is located proximate to side kind
Plant is easier to guarantee that growing point is located in arched shed region, and the moment is in high temperature and drought environment；On the other hand it can make watermelon
Root system half is located in arched shed region (high temperature and drought environment), and half, which is located at outside arched shed region, (can water or receive in time
Rainwater, the environment that opposite room temperature moistens), a kind of environmental stimuli of watermelon is persistently given, the fruit more sweet tea of watermelon is promoted；
4th, if method for planting of the present invention can mainly be encountered using the not ipsilateral principle of parity rows during watermelon growing
Dry weather, when watering only pour it is small be in the ranks not only easy to control irrigation amount, also facilitate operation.
In conclusion cultivating watermelon method provided by the present invention, by manual change's watermelon growing environment and traditional
Cultivation mode simulates the climatic environment simulation in northwest China area, mentions the cultivating watermelon in other areas of China and collecting time
While preceding, the qualities such as sugariness of water-melon are improved, and can bring better economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, cultivating watermelon of the present invention overlook ideograph；
Fig. 2, cultivating watermelon side-looking mode figure of the present invention；
Wherein, 1, watermelon transplants position, 2, arched shed, 3, it is big in the ranks, 4, it is small in the ranks, 5, mulch.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of form by the following examples does further specifically above content of the invention
It is bright, but the range that this should not be interpreted as to the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.It is all to be based on above content of the present invention
The technology realized all belongs to the scope of the present invention, and it is complete to be all made of conventional prior unless otherwise specified, in following embodiments
At.
Embodiment 1
The variety of watermelon that embodiment 1 is selected is glad No. three of capital, is divided into experimental group and control group.Experimental period is 2017 4
In July, -2017 moon.Test group operating method is operated according to the method provided by the invention, and control group is according to conventional kind of watermelon
Plant method is operated.
The operation of test group watermelon is as follows：
1) selection of land：This test addressing is in the rich magnificent Efficient Eco-agriculture science and technology in the Shandong Province Accessories during Binzhou Boxing County town Qiao Zhuan Shandong
Co., Ltd's Vegetable Base selects excessively drained field, and soil property is sandy loam, and the soil weight is in 1.1-1.3g/cm3Between,
Soil hardness is between 80-100N.
2) site preparation：Successively follow the steps below：
Watering deep ploughing：It is once watered before plant, guarantees that plot sufficiently suctions moisture；When can be operated into ground, fertilising
Rotary tillage is loosened the soil afterwards, rotary tillage depth 25cm；The material that applies fertilizer is biological organic fertilizer, is purchased from Shandong Woyuan Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd.,
Above-mentioned fertilizer practice is conventional fertilizer application technology.
Cover mulch：Rotary tillage carries out covering with ground sheeting immediately after completing, covering with ground sheeting width is 1.3m, mulch interval width
For 150cm, as later period manual operation channel；
Set up arched shed：After the completion of overlay film, arched shed is set up above every row film, curves arch arched shed span using fine steel tube
Identical as thin-film width, arched shed height is 50cm, and arched shed is single layer plastics films (plastic film is common greenhouse film),
Film is fixed at plantation row both ends, thin-film width is advisable with the just contact ground that hangs naturally；It is solid using materials such as beer ropes
Determine plastic film, prevents from being blown afloat by strong wind；
3) watermelon is transplanted：
Every row mulch planting a line watermelon, every row watermelon plant position is at mulch one side edge 30cm, in every row
Spacing in the rows 100cm, adjacent rows plant rule is that parity rows are not ipsilateral, can be formed it is big in the ranks with it is small in the ranks, facilitate final management and maintenance；
4) final management and maintenance
It covers canopy film daytime, improves internal temperature, at night start two sides canopy film, be aerated cooling, increase round the clock
Arched shed two sides canopy film should be put down heat preservation if nocturnal temperature is lower than 5 DEG C by the temperature difference；
After temperature increases, the wooden stick of two 20-25cm long is inserted on the ground, and two wooden stick tops intersect, seedling is placed on
Infall prevents from scalding far from mulch；
It is pruned by pruning, keeps melon climing to growth on the inside of arched shed, growing point is in arched shed always in high temperature and drought environment；
Post flowering artificial pollination simultaneously marks, and 1 watermelon of every plant of reservation can guarantee quality of watermelon to greatest extent；
It after watermelon diameter 10cm, prevents from being injured using foam box backing, guarantees that the appearance of each fruit is in best
State；
According to current year soil moisture content, water 3 times, when watering, avoids broad irrigation, only pour it is small in the ranks, guarantee watermelon root
The particular surroundings that soil moistens while arid.
5) it harvests
It is harvested after 45 days after pollination, guarantees the quality of watermelon.
Always, water condition is consistent, according to conventional growth of watermelon method for control group watermelon selection of land and experimental group selection of land condition
Plantation is carried out to manage and protect.
Experimental result and analysis：
By as follows to Field observation record and Data Detection, comparativeanalysis：
The glad No. three watermelons Correlative data analysis table in 1 embodiment of table, 1 capital
By upper table data it will be seen that the watermelon produced of the operating method provided through the invention is in single fruit weight
It is significantly improved in terms of the index of quality, quality improvement effect is significant.
Embodiment 2
The variety of watermelon that embodiment 2 is selected is Zheng miscellaneous No. five, is divided into experimental group and control group.Experimental period is 2017 4
In July, -2017 moon.Test group operating method is operated according to the method provided by the invention, and control group is according to conventional kind of watermelon
Plant method is operated.
The operation of test group watermelon is as follows：
1) selection of land：This test addressing is in the rich magnificent Efficient Eco-agriculture science and technology in the Shandong Province Accessories during Binzhou Boxing County town Qiao Zhuan Shandong
Co., Ltd's Vegetable Base selects excessively drained field, and soil property is sandy loam, and the soil weight is in 1.1-1.3g/cm3Between,
Soil hardness is between 80-100N.
2) site preparation：Successively follow the steps below：
Watering deep ploughing：It is once watered before plant, guarantees that plot sufficiently suctions moisture；When can be operated into ground, fertilising
Rotary tillage is loosened the soil afterwards, rotary tillage depth 20cm；The material that applies fertilizer is biological organic fertilizer, is purchased from Shandong Woyuan Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd.,
Above-mentioned fertilizer practice is also conventional fertilizer application technology.
Cover mulch：Rotary tillage carries out covering with ground sheeting immediately after completing, covering with ground sheeting width is 1.5m, mulch interval width
For 150cm, as later period manual operation channel；
Set up arched shed：After the completion of overlay film, arched shed is set up above every row film, curves arch arched shed span using fine steel tube
Identical as thin-film width, arched shed height is 45cm, and arched shed is single layer plastics films (plastic film is common greenhouse film),
Film is fixed at plantation row both ends, thin-film width is advisable with the just contact ground that hangs naturally；It is solid using materials such as beer ropes
Determine plastic film, prevents from being blown afloat by strong wind；
3) watermelon is transplanted：
Every row mulch planting a line watermelon, every row watermelon plant position is at mulch one side edge 35cm, in every row
Spacing in the rows 90cm, adjacent rows plant rule is that parity rows are not ipsilateral, formed it is big in the ranks with it is small in the ranks, facilitate final management and maintenance；
4) final management and maintenance
It covers canopy film daytime, improves internal temperature, at night start two sides canopy film, be aerated cooling, increase round the clock
Arched shed two sides canopy film should be put down heat preservation if nocturnal temperature is lower than 5 DEG C by the temperature difference；
Temperature inserts the wooden stick of two 20-25cm long on the ground after increasing, two wooden stick tops intersect, and seedling is placed on friendship
At fork, far from mulch, prevent from scalding；
It is pruned by pruning, keeps melon climing to growth on the inside of arched shed, growing point is in arched shed always in high temperature and drought environment；
Post flowering artificial pollination simultaneously marks, and 1 watermelon of every plant of reservation can guarantee quality of watermelon to greatest extent；
After watermelon diameter 10cm, foam box backing, which can be used, to be prevented from being injured, and guarantees that the appearance of each fruit is in
Optimum state；
According to the soil moisture content in the current year, water 3 times, when watering, avoids broad irrigation, only pour it is small in the ranks, guarantee watermelon root
The particular surroundings that portion's soil moistens while arid.
5) it harvests
Pollination harvests after 40 days, guarantees the quality of watermelon.
Experimental result and analysis：
By as follows to Field observation record and Data Detection, comparativeanalysis：
The miscellaneous No. five watermelons Correlative data analysis table of table 2 embodiment, 2 Zheng
By upper table data it will be seen that the watermelon produced of the operating method provided through the invention is in single fruit weight
It is significantly improved in terms of the index of quality, quality improvement effect is significant.
Embodiment 3
The variety of watermelon that embodiment 3 is selected is early good 8424, is divided into experimental group and control group.Experimental period is 2017 4
In July, -2017 moon.Test group operating method is operated according to the method provided by the invention, and control group is according to conventional kind of watermelon
Plant method is operated.
The operation of test group watermelon is as follows：
1) selection of land：This test addressing is in the rich magnificent Efficient Eco-agriculture science and technology in the Shandong Province Accessories during Binzhou Boxing County town Qiao Zhuan Shandong
Co., Ltd's Vegetable Base selects excessively drained field, and soil property is sandy loam, and the soil weight is in 1.1-1.3g/cm3Between,
Soil hardness is between 80-100N.
2) site preparation：Successively follow the steps below：
Watering deep ploughing：It is once watered before plant, guarantees that plot sufficiently suctions moisture；When can be operated into ground, fertilising
Rotary tillage is loosened the soil afterwards, rotary tillage depth 20cm；The material that applies fertilizer is biological organic fertilizer, is purchased from Shandong Woyuan Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd.,
Fertilizer practice is conventional fertilizer application technology.
Cover mulch：Rotary tillage carries out covering with ground sheeting immediately after completing, covering with ground sheeting width is 1.5m, mulch interval width
For 80cm, as later period manual operation channel；
Set up arched shed：After the completion of overlay film, arched shed is set up above every row film, curves arch arched shed span using fine steel tube
Identical as thin-film width, arched shed height is 45cm, and arched shed is single layer plastics films (plastic film is common greenhouse film),
Film is fixed at plantation row both ends, thin-film width is advisable with the just contact ground that hangs naturally；It is solid using materials such as beer ropes
Determine plastic film, prevents from being blown afloat by strong wind；
3) watermelon is transplanted：
Every row mulch planting a line watermelon, every row watermelon plant position is at mulch one side edge 35cm, in every row
Spacing in the rows 95cm, adjacent rows plant rule is that parity rows are not ipsilateral, can be formed it is big in the ranks with it is small in the ranks, facilitate final management and maintenance；
4) final management and maintenance
It covers canopy film daytime, improves internal temperature, at night start two sides canopy film, be aerated cooling, increase round the clock
Arched shed two sides canopy film should be put down heat preservation if nocturnal temperature is lower than 5 DEG C by the temperature difference；
Temperature inserts the wooden stick of two 20-25cm long on the ground after increasing, two wooden stick tops intersect, and seedling is placed on friendship
At fork, far from mulch, prevent from scalding；
It is pruned by pruning, keeps melon climing to growth on the inside of arched shed, growing point is in arched shed always in high temperature and drought environment；
Post flowering artificial pollination simultaneously marks, and 1 watermelon of every plant of reservation can guarantee quality of watermelon to greatest extent；
It after watermelon diameter 10cm, prevents from being injured using foam box backing, guarantees that the appearance of each fruit is in best
State；
According to the soil moisture content in the current year, water 3 times during plantation, when watering, avoids broad irrigation, only pour it is small in the ranks, protect
The particular surroundings that card watermelon root soil moistens while arid.
5) it harvests
It is harvested after 40 days after pollination, guarantees the quality of watermelon.
Experimental result and analysis：
By as follows to Field observation record and Data Detection, comparativeanalysis：
The early good 8424 watermelon Correlative data analysis table of 3 embodiment of table 3
By upper table data it will be seen that the watermelon produced of the operating method provided through the invention is in single fruit weight
It is significantly improved in terms of the index of quality, quality improvement effect is significant.
In conclusion watermelon method for planting provided by the present invention can give watermelon more suitable growing environment, with biography
System method is compared, and watermelon nutritive value and quality are improved, and this method can adapt to China's most area weather conditions, especially
It is suitble to the northern territories such as Shandong, Jiangsu, improves product synthesized competitiveness, promotes value of the product.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment, including 1) selection of land, 2) site preparation, 3) watermelon plant, 4) later period pipe
Shield, 5) recovery process, which is characterized in that described 2) site preparation, 3) watermelon plant, 4) final management and maintenance step is specially：
2) site preparation：Successively follow the steps below：
Watering deep ploughing：It is once watered before plant, rotary tillage is loosened the soil after fertilising；
Cover mulch：Rotary tillage carries out covering with ground sheeting immediately after completing, covering with ground sheeting width is 1.3-1.6m, mulch interval width
For 70-190cm；
Set up arched shed：After the completion of overlay film, arched shed is set up above every row film, arched shed span is identical as thin-film width, and arched shed is high
Degree is 40-60cm；
3) watermelon is transplanted：
Every row mulch planting a line watermelon, every row watermelon plant position is the adjacent rows at mulch one side edge 28-35cm
Plant rule is that parity rows are not ipsilateral, every distance between rows and hills 90-100cm；
4) final management and maintenance：
It covers canopy film daytime, at night starts two sides canopy film, being aerated cooling should will then encircle when nocturnal temperature is lower than 5 DEG C
Canopy two sides canopy film puts down heat preservation；
Guarantee that the climing growing point of watermelon is in arched shed region；
Post flowering artificial pollination；
When needing to water, only pour it is small in the ranks.
2. a kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described 1)
Selection of land is specially to select sandy loam or slight heavy soil.
3. a kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2) is whole
The rotary tillage depth that the rotary tillage is loosened the soil during ground is not less than 20cm.
4. a kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2) is whole
The covering with ground sheeting width is 1.5m during ground.
5. a kind of cultivating watermelon method of imitative northwest natural environment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2) is whole
The arched shed height is 50cm during ground.
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| CN103583196A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-19 | 固镇县万佳生态养殖场 | Method for cultivating greenhouse thin-skin melons |
| US20150020232A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2015-01-15 | Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc. | Methods for plant seed production |
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| CN101099441A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-01-09 | 上海交通大学 | Method for culturing grape in arid Gobi desert area |
| US20150020232A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2015-01-15 | Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc. | Methods for plant seed production |
| CN101904291A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-12-08 | 北京润郁丰灌溉技术有限公司 | Underground areal alternate infiltrating irrigation system for large-land fruit trees and infiltrating irrigation method thereof |
| CN102349418A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-02-15 | 刘瀚昌 | Method for grafting and planting green house watermelon |
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