CN108496680A - A kind of High-quality Cultivation method of Kiwi berry - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of High-quality Cultivation methods of Kiwi berry, the present invention passes through selection of land to seed selection, the stringent control of fertilising, to ensure that kind is excellent, the normal nutrition demand of Kiwi berry is also ensured simultaneously, the nutrition and mouthfeel that ensure that Kiwi berry apply fertilizer to actinidia tree by different times, trimming, flower thinning and fruit thinning processing, the characteristics of according to actinidia tree growth cycle, it ensure that the fruit-setting rate of actinidia tree, need not the actinidia tree of other kinds deliberately be planted as pollinizers on actinidia tree periphery, it ensure that the mouthfeel of Kiwi berry is purer, more crisp sweet tea is palatable.

Description

A kind of High-quality Cultivation method of Kiwi berry

Technical field

The present invention relates to application field, more particularly to the High-quality Cultivation method of a kind of Kiwi berry.

Background technology

Kiwi berry is known as " king of fruit ", " hat of VC ".Its fruit delicacy succulence, sour and sweet palatability, faint scent are pleasant, 100 grams of fresh fruit meat VC contents are up to 100-480 milligrams (a other as powder hair Kiwi berry is up to 1350 milligrams), than citrus and apple Contour several times, tens times or even hundreds of times, while also containing various organic matters and the human bodies such as a large amount of sugar, protein, amino acid Required several mineral materials.Kiwi berry nutritious comprehensive, it has one to kinds cancer, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, constipation and obesity etc. Fixed auxiliary and therapeutic effect has unusual effect to beauty etc..Kiwi berry industry is that low energy consumption, pollutes less, drives wide, industry chain length Rising industry, for accelerate Kiwi berry industry development, cultivate one product each village specialty industries, developing rural economy, drive peasant increase Receipts have a very important significance.

Invention content

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of High-quality Cultivation methods of Kiwi berry, for solving Kiwi berry in the prior art The problem that head is small, poor taste, nutritive value are low.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：

A kind of High-quality Cultivation method of Kiwi berry, includes the following steps：

(1) consolidation：Selection air is fresh, have a good transport service, drain well, soil layer is deep and the sandy soil of fertile soil Earth turns over deep soil and is layered organic fertilizer, apply decomposed organic fertilizer and oil cake, phosphate fertilizer is added, so as plantation field After pour water earth backing；Mu applies slag fertilizer 1200-2000kg, oil cake 150-200kg, phosphate fertilizer 100-150kg, to improve soil physical chemistry Shape；

(2) it plants and grafts：2 years or more wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis are selected to be planted as stock, plantation line-spacing is 4m, strain Away from for 3m, selection of seedling kind is pure, robust growth, bud are full, without insect pest, seedling height 60cm or so, nursery stock rugosity The wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis life branch of 0.8cm or so, full bud 5 or more acquires vigorous branches as fringe to be grafted as scion in scion Bud is grafted on stock；

(3) top dressing：Interior shallow plowing depth is 10-15cm around planting pit before rudiment, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium are applied per planting pit Ratio is 3:2:1:1 composite fertilizer 0.8-1kg and then earth backing of pouring water, are carried out in full-bloom stage with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3-0.5% Foliage spray, fruit expanding period interior shallow plowing depth around planting pit is 15-20cm, applied per planting pit oil cake 3-5kg and nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium, magnesium ratio are 2:2:1:Then 1 composite fertilizer 1-1.2kg pours water earth backing, the interior shallow plowing around planting pit after picking fruit Depth is 25-30cm, and per planting pit, application farm manure 35-45kg, oil cake 1-2kg and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium ratio are 2:2:1:1 Then composite fertilizer 0.8-1.2kg pours water earth backing；

(4) it trims：

Summer pruning：

A, except sprouting：It erases the branch of excessive growth that the sprout tillers sent out on stock and trunk or main stem base portion sprout, except giving over to prepared branch Outside, remaining erases without exception；

B, pinching, setting phase, the spring tip semi-lignified when, to excessive growth fruitful branch in the 10th leaf or the last one fruit Pinching at the above 7-8 pieces leaf；Pinching at the 15th leaf of spring tip nutrition branch, 3-4 piece leaf pinching can be stayed by such as sprouting second branch；

C, sparse branching：It removes in two young sprouts sprouted between overstocked, summer shoot that is long and influencing fruit growth and same axil Weak branch；

D, curved branch：The treelet phase to the young sprout march of over growth, torsion, drawing, Spindling control, and will be complicated and confused in early August It keeps flat, promotes bud differentiation；

Winter pruning：

A, sparse branching：It is main dredge go growth not the substantial branch of excessive growth, overstocked branch, overlapping branch, intersect branch, be sick branch, weak Cripetura branch, the descendant without utility value and the fruitful branch without updating ability；Raw healthy and strong nutrition branch is for the year on bearing basal shoot The coming year good bearing basal shoot stays 8-12 bud cutting back, weak branch to stay bud less depending on growing way and breediness, and enriching shoot stays bud more, extremely prosperous Branch can behind Section 15 position cutting back；3 years or so bearing basal shoots of result, can retract to bearing basal shoot base portion has vigorous branches, strong bud Place, to be updated；

B, fruitful branch is handled：The branch of excessive growth of result, the cutting back at 3-4 bud on setting fruit position, long, medium fruit branch can tied 2-3 bud cutting back, fruit spur is stayed not to cut generally on fruit position；Give over to 5-8 bud cutting back of reservation of innovation shoot；

(5) pollination, flower thinning, fruit thinning：It is taken before male flower opening, takes out stamen, collect pollen, after female flower opening, into Row point flower pollination retains florescence early, full, close to main stem or lateral bine root a flower, is stayed per 5cm in main stem and spends 3, on lateral bine It is stayed per 5cm and spends 2, when fruit thinning dredges side fruit, stays fruit 2 per 5cm in main stem, stays fruit 1 per 5cm on lateral bine, wait for that fruit diameter is long When greatly to 3-5cm, bagging processing is carried out after spraying insecticide

(6) it harvests：It is harvested in time when Kiwi berry maturation, is fresh-keeping.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention is by the stringent control of selection of land to seed selection, fertilising, to ensure that kind is excellent It is good, while also ensuring the normal nutrition demand of Kiwi berry, ensure that Kiwi berry nutrition and mouthfeel by different times to Mi Monkey peach applied fertilizer, trimmed, the processing of flower thinning and fruit thinning, the characteristics of according to actinidia tree growth cycle, ensure that actinidia tree Fruit-setting rate, the actinidia tree that deliberately need not plant other kinds on actinidia tree periphery ensure that macaque as pollinizers The mouthfeel of peach is purer, more crisp sweet tea is palatable.

Specific implementation mode

The embodiment of the present invention is described more detail below, the example is shown below in description.

Embodiment 1

(1) consolidation：Selection air is fresh, have a good transport service, drain well, soil layer is deep and the sandy soil of fertile soil Earth turns over deep soil and is layered organic fertilizer, apply decomposed organic fertilizer and oil cake, phosphate fertilizer is added, so as plantation field After pour water earth backing；Mu applies slag fertilizer 1500kg, oil cake 180kg, phosphate fertilizer 120kg, to improve soil physical and chemical property；

(2) it plants and grafts：2 years or more wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis are selected to be planted as stock, plantation line-spacing is 4m, strain Away from for 3m, selection of seedling kind is pure, robust growth, bud are full, without insect pest, seedling height 60cm or so, nursery stock rugosity The wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis life branch of 0.8cm or so, full bud 5 or more acquires vigorous branches as fringe to be grafted as scion in scion Bud is grafted on stock；

(3) top dressing：Interior shallow plowing depth is 10-15cm around planting pit before rudiment, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium are applied per planting pit Ratio is 3:2:1:1 composite fertilizer 0.8-1kg and then earth backing of pouring water, are carried out in full-bloom stage with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3-0.5% Foliage spray, fruit expanding period interior shallow plowing depth around planting pit is 15-20cm, applied per planting pit oil cake 3-5kg and nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium, magnesium ratio are 2:2:1:Then 1 composite fertilizer 1-1.2kg pours water earth backing, the interior shallow plowing around planting pit after picking fruit Depth is 25-30cm, and per planting pit, application farm manure 40kg, oil cake 1kg and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium ratio are 2:2:1:1 it is compound Then fertile 1kg pours water earth backing；

(4) it trims：

Summer pruning：

A, except sprouting：It erases the branch of excessive growth that the sprout tillers sent out on stock and trunk or main stem base portion sprout, except giving over to prepared branch Outside, remaining erases without exception；

B, pinching, setting phase, the spring tip semi-lignified when, to excessive growth fruitful branch in the 10th leaf or the last one fruit Pinching at the above 7-8 pieces leaf；Pinching at the 15th leaf of spring tip nutrition branch, 3-4 piece leaf pinching can be stayed by such as sprouting second branch；

C, sparse branching：It removes in two young sprouts sprouted between overstocked, summer shoot that is long and influencing fruit growth and same axil Weak branch；

D, curved branch：The treelet phase to the young sprout march of over growth, torsion, drawing, Spindling control, and will be complicated and confused in early August It keeps flat, promotes bud differentiation；

Winter pruning：

C, sparse branching：It is main dredge go growth not the substantial branch of excessive growth, overstocked branch, overlapping branch, intersect branch, be sick branch, weak Cripetura branch, the descendant without utility value and the fruitful branch without updating ability；Raw healthy and strong nutrition branch is for the year on bearing basal shoot The coming year good bearing basal shoot stays 8-12 bud cutting back, weak branch to stay bud less depending on growing way and breediness, and enriching shoot stays bud more, extremely prosperous Branch can behind Section 15 position cutting back；3 years or so bearing basal shoots of result, can retract to bearing basal shoot base portion has vigorous branches, strong bud Place, to be updated；

D, fruitful branch is handled：The branch of excessive growth of result, the cutting back at 3-4 bud on setting fruit position, long, medium fruit branch can tied 2-3 bud cutting back, fruit spur is stayed not to cut generally on fruit position；Give over to 5-8 bud cutting back of reservation of innovation shoot；

(5) pollination, flower thinning, fruit thinning：It is taken before male flower opening, takes out stamen, collect pollen, after female flower opening, into Row point flower pollination retains florescence early, full, close to main stem or lateral bine root a flower, is stayed per 5cm in main stem and spends 3, on lateral bine It is stayed per 5cm and spends 2, when fruit thinning dredges side fruit, stays fruit 2 per 5cm in main stem, stays fruit 1 per 5cm on lateral bine, wait for that fruit diameter is long When greatly to 3-5cm, bagging processing is carried out after spraying insecticide

(6) it harvests：It is harvested in time when Kiwi berry maturation, is fresh-keeping.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of High-quality Cultivation method of Kiwi berry, which is characterized in that include the following steps：

(1) consolidation：Selection air is fresh, have a good transport service, drain that good, soil layer is deep and the sand work of fertile soil To plant field, turns over deep soil and be layered organic fertilizer, apply decomposed organic fertilizer and oil cake, phosphate fertilizer is added, then fill Water earth backing；Mu applies slag fertilizer 1200-2000kg, oil cake 150-200kg, phosphate fertilizer 100-150kg, to improve soil physical and chemical property；

(2) it plants and grafts：2 years or more wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis are selected to be planted as stock, plantation line-spacing is 4m, and spacing in the rows is 3m, selection of seedling kind is pure, robust growth, bud are full, left without insect pest, seedling height 60cm or so, nursery stock rugosity 0.8cm The wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis life branch of right, full bud 5 or more acquires vigorous branches as fringe bud to be grafted in stock as scion in scion On grafted；

(3) top dressing：Interior shallow plowing depth is 10-15cm around planting pit before rudiment, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium ratio are applied per planting pit It is 3:2:1:1 composite fertilizer 0.8-1kg and then earth backing of pouring water, blade face is carried out in full-bloom stage with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3-0.5% Top dressing, fruit expanding period interior shallow plowing depth around planting pit is 15-20cm, applied per planting pit oil cake 3-5kg and nitrogen, phosphorus, Potassium, magnesium ratio are 2:2:1:Then 1 composite fertilizer 1-1.2kg pours water earth backing, after picking fruit around planting pit interior shallows plowing depth Degree is 25-30cm, and per planting pit, application farm manure 35-45kg, oil cake 1-2kg and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium ratio are 2:2:1:1 answers Then Hefei 0.8-1.2kg pours water earth backing；

(4) it trims：

Summer pruning：

A, except sprouting：It erases the branch of excessive growth that the sprout tillers sent out on stock and trunk or main stem base portion sprout, in addition to giving over to prepared branch, Remaining erases without exception；

B, pinching, setting phase, the spring tip semi-lignified when, to excessive growth fruitful branch more than the 10th leaf or the last one fruit Pinching at 7-8 piece leaves；Pinching at the 15th leaf of spring tip nutrition branch, 3-4 piece leaf pinching can be stayed by such as sprouting second branch；

C, sparse branching：It removes weak in two young sprouts sprouted between overstocked, summer shoot that is long and influencing fruit growth and same axil Branch；

D, curved branch：Branches and tendrils are kept flat the young sprout march of over growth, torsion, drawing, Spindling control in early August by the treelet phase, Promote bud differentiation；

Winter pruning：

A, sparse branching：It is main to dredge the branch of excessive growth for going growth not enrich, overstocked branch, overlapping branch, intersect branch, sick branch, weak cripetura Branch, the descendant without utility value and the fruitful branch without updating ability；Raw healthy and strong nutrition branch is the coming year for the year on bearing basal shoot Good bearing basal shoot stays 8-12 bud cutting back, weak branch that bud, enriching shoot is stayed to stay bud less more depending on growing way and breediness, and extremely prosperous branch can The cutting back behind Section 15 position；3 years or so bearing basal shoots of result, can retract to bearing basal shoot base portion has vigorous branches, strengthens at bud, with It is updated；

B, fruitful branch is handled：The branch of excessive growth of result, the cutting back at 3-4 bud on setting fruit position, long, medium fruit branch can be in result portion 2-3 bud cutting back, fruit spur is stayed not to cut generally on position；Give over to 5-8 bud cutting back of reservation of innovation shoot；

(5) pollination, flower thinning, fruit thinning：It is taken before male flower opening, takes out stamen, collect pollen, after female flower opening, carried out a little Flower pollination retains florescence early, full, close to main stem or lateral bine root flower, is stayed per 5cm in main stem and spend 3, every on lateral bine 5cm, which is stayed, spends 2, and when fruit thinning dredges side fruit, stays fruit 2 per 5cm in main stem, stays fruit 1 per 5cm on lateral bine, wait for that fruit diameter is grown up When to 3-5cm, bagging processing is carried out after spraying insecticide

(6) it harvests：It is harvested in time when Kiwi berry maturation, is fresh-keeping.