CN105594414A - Cultivation method for muskmelon - Google Patents
Cultivation method for muskmelon Download PDFInfo
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- CN105594414A CN105594414A CN201510773131.8A CN201510773131A CN105594414A CN 105594414 A CN105594414 A CN 105594414A CN 201510773131 A CN201510773131 A CN 201510773131A CN 105594414 A CN105594414 A CN 105594414A
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- climing
- control
- muskmelon
- seedling
- management
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method for muskmelon, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural products. The cultivation method comprises the steps of variety selection, seedling cultivating, soil preparation, fertilization, ridging, plating, pruning, fruiting period management, timely harvesting and pest control. The step of seedling cultivating includes seedling cultivating in a nutrition pot and grafting seedling cultivating. Seedling cultivating in the nutrition pot comprises seedbed preparation, nutrition pot filling, watering, seed soaking, germination accelerating, seed sowing, temperature and water management and seedling stage pest control. Grafting seedling cultivating is mainly used for the occasion that continuous production for many years is needed, mass propagation of pathogenic bacteria is caused, and effective alternating cropping is hard to perform due to the limited land area. Pruning includes a land crawling type pruning method and a single-branch seedling hanging pruning method. Fruiting period management is quite important and includes temperature management, flower and fruit retention, reasonable muskmelon remaining, timely topdressing and water and fertilizer management enhancing. The method is suitable for planting of various muskmelon varieties in China and wide in application range; the muskmelon is high in sugar content, fragrant and sweet in taste, crisp, delicious, capable of eliminating summer-heat by cooling, excellent in quality, suitable for people of all ages, and high in yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of muskmelon, belong to agricultural cultivation technical field.
Background technology
Muskmelon is again east muskmelon, pears melon, originates in the states such as China, Japan, Korea. Confirm according to expert, China cultivates one of Melon country the earliest in the world, finds that there is the seed of Melon in the mummy stomach before more than 3000 years. Melon belongs to Curcurbitaceae Cucumis, is annual climing property herbaceous plant, and its root system is shallow and flourishing, growth is very fast, but easily suberification, injured rear power of regeneration is poor; Transplant slow seedling slow, stem is for overgrowing, and sprawl growth is organized more crisply, easily fractures, and merism is strong, 4-5 leaf pinching, and axil is interior young shoot, tendril, female flower or male flower. Blade alternate, large and many, five jiaos of heart-types, leaf margin has sawtooth or full edge, and there is wax powder on blade face, the close raw fine hair of petiole. Monoecism, female flower is bisexuality flower, male flower unisexuality.
In the last hundred years, Japan is more to Melon research, and germ plasm resource is compared with horn of plenty, and the variety and quality of cultivation is better; Secondly, Korea S and China Taiwan are more to the research of Melon, and China is that reform and opening-up is just comparatively paid attention to afterwards to the research of Melon, and the high-end Thin Skin Muskmelon Varieties major part of cultivating is Japanese strain.
201410288210.5 disclose a kind of implantation methods of muskmelon, comprise the following steps: (1) presoaking and germinating; (2) whole ground field planting; (3) water and fertilizer management; (4) gather. The implantation methods of muskmelon of the present invention can improve the disease-resistant pest-resistant harmful performance of plant greatly, reduces the incidence of disease, improves the quality of finished of muskmelon.
201510369693.6 disclose a kind of implantation methods of muskmelon, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: the foundation of (1) booth: select cause of disease few, building of booth do not carried out in the place of ponding, the long 20-30m of the wide 6m of high 2.5m, ceiling covered with plastic film, covering light transmittance reaches the shading net of 80-90%, and then working concentration is that 20% potassium permanganate carries out disinfection to the soil in booth; (2) seedling-raising cup is prepared; (3) sowing; (4) grafting; (5) cultivate grafting; (6) gather: seedling to be grafted survives rear transplant planting in large Tanaka, the management of regularly applying fertilizer and water, field planting starts the muskmelon fruit of gathering after 6 months. The present invention has advantages of stable yields, best in quality, survival rate is high.
201410757386.0 disclose a kind of cultural method of muskmelon precocity, comprise following preparation process: (1) makees bed wholely; (2) seed selection; (3) grow seedlings; (4) field planting; (5) field management; (6) gather in the crops in good time. Each growth phase of control and management muskmelon by above science, improved muskmelon plantation survival rate, make the muskmelon can precocious about 20 days, and increased muskmelon output, improve the quality of organic muskmelon, sugar content is higher, mouthfeel is better.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of muskmelon, the method can be used for planting the muskmelon of each kind, and produce muskmelon fresh and sweet good to eat.
A cultural method for muskmelon, cultural method comprises:
Kind is selected, is grown seedlings, site preparation and fertilization ridging, field planting, training, fruiting period management, timely collecting and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, and concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) quality is selected: carry out the selection of kind according to the plantation consumption habit of each place;
(2) grow seedlings: according to local circumstance, can carry out two kinds of method for culturing seedlings of nutritive cube or graft seedling growth;
(3) site preparation and fertilization ridging: select the low-phosphorous type composite fertilizer 3750～4500kg/hm of the low nitrogen of high potassium2, the high 25～30cm in ridging ridge, wide 70cm, furrow width 60cm, the drip irrigation zone of preferably laying with good conditionsi;
(4) field planting: when 20cm ground temperature is stabilized in 15～18 DEG C, on 30 DEG C of temperature daytimes, 12 DEG C of nights are field planting optimum period, field planting method be overlay film → punch → water permeable → banket → water → steady seedling → earthing, earthing should not be excessively dark, prevents the too low and cold root of ground temperature;
(5) training: formula pruning method or single climing seedling pruning method that hangs are climbed in ground, and formula pruning method is climbed on ground: main climing 4～5 leaf pinching, stay climing 6～8 leaf pinching of 3 strips, on every strip is climing, stay 2 grandsons climing, the climing 2 leaf pinching of grandson, every climing 1, melon of sitting of grandson, dredges melon in time after seat melon; Single climing seedling pruning method that hangs: main climing 4～5 leaves are pinched, and stay 3～4 side climing, the strong son of 1 growing way of selecting and remain is climing decides climingly, and son is climing all removes for other; When 6 leaves, hang in time climingly, 10～12 leaves all remove with downside head, and 10～12 leaves stay grandson climing above, and 1 leaf is pinched the heart, the climing knot melon of grandson;
(6) fruiting period management: comprise temperature treatment, flower and fruit protecting, rationally stay melon, topdress in good time, strengthen water and fertilizer management;
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: taking cultural control, physical control, biological control as main, chemical prevention is auxiliary mode, cultural control is to pour water less between nursery stage as far as possible, strengthens temperature raising and maintaining measure; When continuous cropping plantation, adopt grafting cultivation or select anti-blight kind; Advocate environment control, physical control comprises sugar-vinegar liquid trapping, the trapping of yellow plate and trapping lamp trapping, and biological and chemical control is all to use the mode of spraying agricultural chemicals to carry out disease control.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) this method is applicable to the plantation of national various muskmelon kinds, applied widely;
(2) the method produce muskmelon sugar content high, mouthfeel is fragrant and sweet, palatable crisp, clearing away summerheat, of fine qualities, all-ages, and output is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further details, these embodiment are only used for illustrating the present invention, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
A cultural method for muskmelon, cultural method is as follows:
(1) quality is selected: carry out the selection of kind according to the plantation consumption habit of each place;
(2) grow seedlings: according to local circumstance, can carry out two kinds of method for culturing seedlings of nutritive cube or graft seedling growth;
(3) site preparation and fertilization ridging: the muskmelon of brooder spring stubble field planting easily causes utilization rate of fertilizer low because ground temperature is low, therefore selects the low-phosphorous type composite fertilizer 3750～4500kg/hm of the low nitrogen of high potassium2; High 25～the 30cm in the general ridge of ridging, wide 70cm, furrow width 60cm, the drip irrigation zone of preferably laying with good conditionsi;
(4) field planting: when 20cm ground temperature is stabilized in 15～18 DEG C, on 30 DEG C of temperature daytimes, 12 DEG C of nights are field planting optimum period; Field planting method be overlay film → punch → water permeable → banket → water → steady seedling → earthing, earthing should not be excessively dark, prevents the too low and cold root of ground temperature;
(5) training: be divided into and climb formula pruning method and single climing seedling pruning method that hangs, i.e. " the three sub six grandsons " pruning method of formula pruning method, main climing 4～5 leaf pinching are climbed in ground, stay climing 6～8 leaf pinching of 3 strips, on every strip is climing, stay 2 grandsons climing, the climing 2 leaf pinching of grandson, every climing 1, melon of sitting of grandson, dredges melon in time after seat melon; Single climing i.e. " sub five grandsons " pruning method of seedling pruning method that hangs; Main climing 4～5 leaves are pinched, and stay 3～4 side heads (son is climing), and the strong son of 1 growing way of selecting and remain is climing decides climingly, and son is climing all removes for other; When 6 leaves, hang in time climingly, 10～12 leaves all remove with downside head, and 10～12 leaves stay side head (grandson is climing) above, and 1 leaf is pinched the heart, the climing knot melon of grandson;
(6) fruiting period management: comprise temperature treatment, flower and fruit protecting, rationally stay melon, topdress in good time, strengthen water and fertilizer management;
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: taking cultural control, physical control, biological control as main, chemical prevention is auxiliary mode, cultural control is to pour water less between nursery stage as far as possible, strengthens temperature raising and maintaining measure; When continuous cropping plantation, adopt grafting cultivation or select anti-blight kind; Advocate environment control, in the situation that not affecting growth, create as far as possible an environment that is unfavorable for that disease occurs, physical control comprises sugar-vinegar liquid trapping, the trapping of yellow plate and trapping lamp trapping, and biological and chemical control is all to use the mode of spraying agricultural chemicals to carry out disease control.
Claims (3)
1. a cultural method for muskmelon, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Kind is selected, is grown seedlings, site preparation and fertilization ridging, field planting, training, fruiting period management, timely collecting and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, and concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) quality is selected: carry out the selection of kind according to the plantation consumption habit of each place;
(2) grow seedlings: according to local circumstance, can carry out two kinds of method for culturing seedlings of nutritive cube or graft seedling growth;
(3) site preparation and fertilization ridging: select the low-phosphorous type composite fertilizer 3750～4500kg/hm of the low nitrogen of high potassium2, the high 25～30cm in ridging ridge, wide 70cm, furrow width 60cm, the drip irrigation zone of preferably laying with good conditionsi;
(4) field planting: when 20cm ground temperature is stabilized in 15～18 DEG C, on 30 DEG C of temperature daytimes, 12 DEG C of nights are field planting optimum period, field planting method be overlay film → punch → water permeable → banket → water → steady seedling → earthing, earthing should not be excessively dark, prevents the too low and cold root of ground temperature;
(5) training: formula pruning method or single climing seedling pruning method that hangs are climbed in ground, and formula pruning method is climbed on ground: main climing 4～5 leaf pinching, stay climing 6～8 leaf pinching of 3 strips, on every strip is climing, stay 2 grandsons climing, the climing 2 leaf pinching of grandson, every climing 1, melon of sitting of grandson, dredges melon in time after seat melon; Single climing seedling pruning method that hangs: main climing 4～5 leaves are pinched, and stay 3～4 side climing, the strong son of 1 growing way of selecting and remain is climing decides climingly, and son is climing all removes for other; When 6 leaves, hang in time climingly, 10～12 leaves all remove with downside head, and 10～12 leaves stay grandson climing above, and 1 leaf is pinched the heart, the climing knot melon of grandson;
(6) fruiting period management: comprise temperature treatment, flower and fruit protecting, rationally stay melon, topdress in good time, strengthen water and fertilizer management;
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: taking cultural control, physical control, biological control as main, chemical prevention is auxiliary mode, cultural control is to pour water less between nursery stage as far as possible, strengthens temperature raising and maintaining measure; When continuous cropping plantation, adopt grafting cultivation or select anti-blight kind; Advocate environment control, physical control comprises sugar-vinegar liquid trapping, the trapping of yellow plate and trapping lamp trapping, and biological and chemical control is all to use the mode of spraying agricultural chemicals to carry out disease control.
2. feeding block seedlings raising according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The described feeding block seedlings raising of step (2) comprises that seedbed is prepared, dress nutritive cube, pour water, presoaking and germinating, sowing, temperature water management and disease control.
3. graft seedling growth according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The described engrafting method of step (2) is the method for plant propagation with cutting or pith-cambium grafting method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510773131.8A CN105594414A (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2015-11-13 | Cultivation method for muskmelon |
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| CN201510773131.8A CN105594414A (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2015-11-13 | Cultivation method for muskmelon |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106171503A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 马山盛世生态种养专业合作社 | Promote the implantation methods that Fructus Melo is precocious |
| CN106613113A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-05-10 | 张瑞芹 | A method for raising seedlings of muskmelon |
| CN107251747A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-17 | 徐州益康环保科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for improving melon and fruit yield |
| CN109042296A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-21 | 刘仁照 | A kind of breeding of melon variety and its cultural method |
| CN109076901A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-25 | 姚光亮 | Greenhouse muskmelon implantation methods |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106171503A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 马山盛世生态种养专业合作社 | Promote the implantation methods that Fructus Melo is precocious |
| CN106613113A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-05-10 | 张瑞芹 | A method for raising seedlings of muskmelon |
| CN107251747A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-17 | 徐州益康环保科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for improving melon and fruit yield |
| CN109042296A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-21 | 刘仁照 | A kind of breeding of melon variety and its cultural method |
| CN109076901A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-25 | 姚光亮 | Greenhouse muskmelon implantation methods |
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Application publication date: 20160525 |