CN108698392B - 发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物、发泡性层压体及其制造方法、发泡加工纸和隔热容器 - Google Patents

发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物、发泡性层压体及其制造方法、发泡加工纸和隔热容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108698392B
CN108698392B CN201780013792.8A CN201780013792A CN108698392B CN 108698392 B CN108698392 B CN 108698392B CN 201780013792 A CN201780013792 A CN 201780013792A CN 108698392 B CN108698392 B CN 108698392B
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polyethylene
polyethylene resin
foamed
foamable laminate
laminate
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CN108698392A (zh
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佐佐木桂一
坂本慎治
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Japan Polyethylene Corp
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Japan Polyethylene Corp
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    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
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Abstract

本发明提供发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物,其通过加热以良好的生产性得到具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔(发泡层)并且微波炉适用性优异。本发明为发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物,其在纸基材的至少一个面上形成用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),其中所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物包含满足以下特性(a‑1)~(a‑3)的聚乙烯系树脂(A):(a‑1)MFR为6g/10分钟以上且小于20g/10分钟;(a‑2)密度为0.920~0.930g/cm3;和(a‑3)在通过使用邻二氯苯的升温洗脱分级(TREF)获得的洗脱曲线中,洗脱温度为70℃以上的洗脱物的比例为47‑83重量%。

Description

发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物、发泡性层压体及其制 造方法、发泡加工纸和隔热容器
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物、发泡性层压体及其制造方法、发泡加工纸和隔热容器。更具体地,本发明涉及通过加热以良好的生产性获得具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔(发泡层)并且微波炉适用性优异的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物、发泡性层压体及其制造方法、发泡加工纸和隔热容器。
背景技术
迄今为止,作为具有隔热性的容器,经常使用合成树脂制的发泡体。作为容易废弃并且具有良好的印刷性的容器,已知使用多张纸的隔热纸容器和使用纸基材的两面层压有聚乙烯系树脂层的材料并且具有通过使表面上的聚乙烯系树脂层发泡而赋予的隔热性的纸容器。
作为使用纸作为基材的技术,已知如下的技术:在纸的至少一个面上挤出层压聚乙烯,在其另一个面上形成蒸气压保持层,并且将其加热,由此制造在其表面上具有不规则的凹凸图案的加工纸(例如,参见专利文献1)。
此外,提出了如下的技术:在体部的一侧的壁面上层压或附着热塑性树脂膜,随后将其加热从而使膜发泡,由此形成发泡隔热层(例如,参见专利文献2)。
此外,在由容器体部和底部形成的纸制容器中,提出了如下的技术:用包含有机溶剂的墨印刷容器体部的外壁面的一部分,用热塑性合成树脂膜覆盖体部的全部外壁面,并且加热所得纸容器,由此在印刷部分存在相对厚的发泡层(例如,参见专利文献3)。
进一步,提出了由层压体形成的发泡加工纸,所述层压体从其外面侧起至少包括采用单位点催化剂通过聚合生成的乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物或包含所述共聚物的发泡层、以纸为主体的基材层、和热塑性树脂层(例如,参见专利文献4、5)。由此获得的具有发泡层的加工纸在所述纸形成为容器时,优势在于由于有发泡层,它们手感舒适且几乎不滑动,并且它们的隔热性优异,同时,与使用多张纸的隔热容器相比,它们成本低廉。
专利文献6示出了用于纸制容器的体部原材料片材,其中以将树脂从T模头移动至与纸基材接触所需的时间控制至0.11~0.33秒的方式,将处于熔融状态的热塑性树脂挤出层压在纸容器中的体部原材料片材的纸基材的至少一个面上,并且文献记载了一种通过混合两种低密度聚乙烯来调整其MFR的组合物。
然而,关于传统的具有发泡层的层压体和使用其的加工纸,在挤出层压成形时,在加工速度达到一定速度以上的情况下,发生在通过加热发泡时外观会不良的问题。因此,期望有如下的改进:即使在挤出层压成形速度为高速的情况下,通过加热也形成具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔。
另一方面,近年来,具有这样的隔热性的容器已经广泛地用作微波炉烹饪用容器。然而,传统的容器具有微波炉适用性差的问题。即,存在以下问题:发泡泡孔扩大并彼此连通从而产生使发泡层表面隆起的现象(起泡形成)并且扩大的发泡泡孔通过起泡形成而破裂从而在表面上产生凹凸,由此损害外观。
因此,提出了包括具有特定的密度的聚乙烯系树脂层(A)/基材层/具有特定的密度的发泡层(B)的技术,高压法低密度聚乙烯用作构成层(B)的聚乙烯系树脂,并且规定层(A)的厚度和发泡前后的层(B)的厚度(例如,参见专利文献7)。
然而,在传统的具有隔热性的微波炉烹饪用容器中,在加工速度为高速的情况下,在通过加热发泡时外观会不良并且容器尚未达到本领域所需的水平,因此存在改善的余地。
引文列表
专利文献
专利文献1:JP-B-48-32283
专利文献2:JP-A-57-110439
专利文献3:JP-A-07-232774
专利文献4:JP-A-10-128928
专利文献5:JP-A-2007-168178
专利文献6:JP-A-2008-105747
专利文献7:日本专利No.5707848
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
考虑到上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供通过加热以良好的生产性获得具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔(发泡层)并且微波炉适用性优异的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物、发泡性层压体及其制造方法、发泡加工纸和隔热容器。
用于解决问题的方案
作为为了解决以上问题而广泛且深入研究的结果,本发明人已经发现,在用于在以纸为主体的基材的至少一个面上形成用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物中,通过规定包含在所述组合物中的聚乙烯系树脂(A)的特性,可以解决以上问题。因此,他们完成了本发明。
本发明如下。
1.一种发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物,其在以纸为主体的基材的至少一个面上形成用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),其中所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物包含满足以下(a-1)~(a-3)的特性的聚乙烯系树脂(A):
(a-1)根据JIS K7210:1999(190℃,21.18N的载荷)测量的熔体流动速率MFR为6g/10分钟以上且小于20g/10分钟,
(a-2)在23℃的试验温度下根据JIS K7112:1999测量的密度为0.920~0.930g/cm3,和
(a-3)在通过使用邻二氯苯的升温洗脱分级(TREF)获得的洗脱曲线中,洗脱温度为70℃以上的洗脱物的比例为47~83重量%。
2.根据以上第1项所述的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物,其中所述聚乙烯系树脂(A)为选自高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯和乙烯共聚物中的至少一种。
3.根据以上第2项所述的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物,其中所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物包含作为所述聚乙烯系树脂(A)的所述高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯、和乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物。
4.根据以上第1~3项任一项所述的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物,其用于微波炉烹饪。
5.一种发泡性层压体,其包括在以纸为主体的基材的至少一个面上的用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),其中所述聚乙烯系树脂层(I)由根据以上第1~4项任一项所述的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物形成。
6.根据以上第5项所述的发泡性层压体,其包括在所述基材的另一个面上的保持在发泡时从所述基材放出的蒸气的热塑性树脂层(II),其中包含在所述热塑性树脂层(II)中的热塑性树脂(B)满足以下(b-1)的特性:
(b-1):熔点(Tm(b))落在100~140℃的范围内。
7.根据以上第6项所述的发泡性层压体,其中所述聚乙烯系树脂(A)的熔点(Tm(a))和所述热塑性树脂(B)的熔点(Tm(b))满足以下(b-2)的特性:
(b-2):Tm(b)-Tm(a)为10℃以上。
8.一种发泡性层压体的制造方法,所述发泡性层压体包括在以纸为主体的基材的至少一个面上的用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),其中通过在所述基材的至少一个面上将根据以上第1~4项任一项所述的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物挤出层压加工来形成所述聚乙烯系树脂层(I)。
9.根据以上第8项所述的发泡性层压体的制造方法,其中所述挤出层压加工的加工速度为55m/分钟以上。
10.一种发泡加工纸,其中根据以上第5~7项任一项所述的发泡性层压体的所述聚乙烯系树脂层(I)处于发泡状态。
11.一种隔热容器,其中根据以上第5~7项任一项所述的发泡性层压体的所述聚乙烯系树脂层(I)处于发泡状态。
发明的效果
本发明的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物在以纸为主体的基材的至少一个面上形成用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),并且,由于规定了包含在所述组合物中的聚乙烯系树脂(A)的特性,即,MFR、密度和通过TREF获得的洗脱曲线中的洗脱物的比例,因此即使在层压体成形时的加工速度为高速的情况下,也可以通过加热以良好的生产性获得具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔(发泡层)。
同时,所述树脂组合物可以解决以下问题:发泡泡孔扩大并彼此连通从而产生使发泡层表面隆起的现象(起泡形成)并且扩大的发泡泡孔通过起泡形成而破裂从而在表面上产生凹凸,由此损害外观,并且所述树脂组合物的所谓的微波炉适用性优异。
由于本发明的发泡性层压体包括由本发明的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物形成的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),因此即使在层压体成形时的加工速度为高速的情况下,也可以以良好的生产性通过加热获得具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔(发泡层)(下文中有时称为“发泡性”)并且层压体的微波炉适用性优异。
在本发明的发泡性层压体的制造方法中,由于由发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物形成的聚乙烯系树脂层(I)通过挤出层压加工而在基材上形成,因此可以以良好的生产性通过加热获得具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔(发泡层)。
由于本发明的发泡加工纸和隔热容器是通过使发泡性层压体发泡来获得的,因此它们具有良好的发泡外观并且微波炉适用性也优异。
具体实施方式
以下将详细地描述本发明的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物、发泡性层压体及其制造方法、发泡加工纸和隔热容器。
1.发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物
本发明的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物包含作为必需组分的聚乙烯系树脂(A)并且聚乙烯系树脂(A)满足以下(a-1)~(a-3)的特性:
(a-1)根据JIS K7210:1999(190℃,21.18N的载荷)测量的熔体流动速率MFR为6g/10分钟以上且小于20g/10分钟,
(a-2)在23℃的试验温度下根据JIS K7112:1999测量的密度为0.920~0.930g/cm3,和
(a-3)在通过使用邻二氯苯的升温洗脱分级(TREF)获得的洗脱曲线中,洗脱温度为70℃以上的洗脱物的比例为47~83重量%。
作为聚乙烯系树脂(A),可以例举乙烯均聚物、高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯、乙烯/α-烯烃共聚物、如聚丙烯等聚烯烃、和其混合物。作为原料,可以利用使用源自植物的乙烯的原料或使用源自石油的乙烯的原料。
作为乙烯共聚物中要与乙烯共聚的单体,例如,可以例举共轭二烯(例如,丁二烯和异戊二烯)、非共轭二烯(例如,1,4-戊二烯)、丙烯酸、丙烯酸酯(例如,丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸乙酯)、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸酯(例如,甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸乙酯)和乙酸乙烯酯乙烯(vinyl acetate ethylene)等。
其中,优选的是高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯或乙烯共聚物。使用如氧或有机过氧化物等自由基引发剂在1000~4000atm的超高压下通过本体或溶液聚合来制造高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯。
此外,高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯和乙烯/α-烯烃共聚物的混合物也是优选的。在这种情况下,高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯与乙烯/α-烯烃共聚物的比例(重量比)(前者:后者)优选为1:9~5:5,进一步优选为1:9~3:7。
作为树脂(A),例如,可以使用通过将自由基产生剂添加至高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯并且进行自由基反应来制备的树脂。
自由基产生剂的实例包括有机过氧化物、二氢芳香族化合物和二枯基化合物等。有机过氧化物的实例包括(i)氢过氧化物类,如叔丁基氢过氧化物、枯烯氢过氧化物和1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基氢过氧化物;(ii)酮过氧化物类,如甲基乙基酮过氧化物、甲基异丁基酮过氧化物、乙酰丙酮过氧化物、和环己酮过氧化物;(iii)二酰基过氧化物类,如过氧化异丁酰、过氧化月桂酰、和过氧化苯甲酰;(iv)二烷基过氧化物类,如二枯基过氧化物、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧基)己烷、叔丁基枯基过氧化物、二叔丁基过氧化物、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二-(叔丁基己炔)-3、和二叔戊基过氧化物;(v)过氧缩酮类,如2,2-二-(叔丁基过氧基)丁烷;(vi)烷基过酸酯类,如叔己基过氧化新戊酸酯、叔丁基过氧化新戊酸酯、叔戊基过氧化2-乙基己酸酯、叔丁基过氧化2-乙基己酸酯、叔丁基过氧化异丁酸酯、和叔丁基过氧化苯甲酸酯;(vii)过碳酸酯类,如双(4-叔丁基环己基)过氧化二碳酸酯、二异丙基过氧化二碳酸酯、和叔戊基过氧化异丙基碳酸酯;(viii)环状有机过氧化物类,如3,6,9-三乙基-3,6,9-三甲基-1,4,7-三过氧壬烷(triperoxonan)。其中,优选的是环状有机过氧化物类。
对有机过氧化物的共混量不特别限定,但是相对于100重量份的树脂优选为0.5重量份以下,特别优选0.1重量份以下。当有机过氧化物的共混量超过0.5重量份时,流动性变差。
对于自由基反应,适当地使用在挤出机内将树脂和自由基产生剂同时熔融混炼从而使它们反应的熔融反应法或将树脂和自由基产生剂溶解在有机溶剂中并且在加热、混合和搅拌的同时使它们反应的溶液反应法。
(a-1)熔体流动速率MFR
本发明中的聚乙烯系树脂(A)的MFR为6g/10分钟以上且小于20g/10分钟。当不满足该条件时,在层压体成形时的加工速度为高速的情况下,无法通过加热获得具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔(发泡层)。
进一步优选的MFR为9~20g/10分钟,并且特别优选的MFR为9~15g/10分钟。
这里,MFR意指根据JIS-K7210:1999(190℃,21.18N的载荷)测量的值。此外,在聚乙烯系树脂(A)为混合物的情况下,混合物的MFR满足以上范围就足够了。
(a-2)密度
本发明中的聚乙烯系树脂(A)的密度为0.920~0.930g/cm3。当不满足该条件时,无法同时满足良好的发泡性和微波炉适用性。
进一步优选的密度为0.920~0.928g/cm3并且特别优选的密度为0.920~0.925g/cm3
这里,密度意指在23℃的试验温度下、根据JIS K7112:1999测量的值。此外,在聚乙烯系树脂(A)为混合物的情况下,混合物的密度满足以上范围就足够了。
(a-3)洗脱物
在本发明中的聚乙烯系树脂(A)中,在通过使用邻二氯苯的升温洗脱分级(TREF)获得的洗脱曲线中,洗脱温度为70℃以上的洗脱物的比例为47~83重量%。除非满足该条件,否则无法同时满足良好的发泡性和微波炉适用性。
进一步,洗脱物的比例优选为50~80重量%并且洗脱物的特别优选的比例为60~80重量%。另外,在聚乙烯系树脂(A)为混合物的情况下,混合物的洗脱物满足以上范围就足够了。
这里,通过以下方法测量洗脱物的比例。
将样品在140℃下溶解在邻二氯苯(包含0.5mg/mL BHT)中从而形成溶液。在将其导入至140℃的TREF柱中之后,将其以8℃/分钟的降温速度冷却至100℃,随后以4℃/分钟的降温速度冷却至40℃,随后进一步以1℃/分钟的降温速度冷却至-15℃,然后保持20分钟。此后,使作为溶剂的邻二氯苯(包含0.5mg/mL BHT)以1mL/分钟的流速流经所述柱,从而将TREF柱中的溶解在-15℃下的邻二氯苯中的组分洗脱10分钟然后将所述柱以100℃/小时的升温速度线性加热至140℃来获得洗脱曲线。
装置和测量条件例如如下。
(TREF部)
TREF柱:4.3mmφ×150mm的不锈钢柱
柱填充料:100μm的表面惰性化处理的玻璃珠
加热方式:铝微量恒温仪(aluminum heat block)
冷却方式:珀耳帖元件(水冷却用于冷却珀耳帖元件)
温度分布:±0.5℃
温度控制器:由Chino Corporation制造的数字程序控制器KP1000
(阀门式烘箱)
加热方式:空气浴式烘箱
测量时温度:140℃
温度分布:±1℃
阀门:六通阀、四通阀
(样品注入部)
注入方式:环注入方式
注入量:环尺寸0.1ml
注入口加热方式:铝微量恒温仪
测量时温度:140℃
(检测部)
检测器:波长固定型红外检测器由FOXBORO制造的MIRAN 1A
检测波长:3.42μm
高温流通池:LC-IR用微流通池
光路长度:1.5mm,窗口形状为2φ×4mm长圆形,合成蓝宝石窗口板测量时温度:140℃
(泵部)
送液泵:由Senshu Scientific Co.,Ltd.制造的SSC-3461泵
<测量条件>
溶剂:邻二氯苯(包含0.5mg/mL BHT)
样品浓度:5mg/mL
样品注入量:0.1mL
溶剂流速:1mL/分钟
在不损害聚乙烯系树脂(A)的特性的范围内,本发明中的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯树脂组合物可以包含例如如酚系和磷系等抗氧化剂、如金属皂等中和剂、抗粘连剂、润滑剂、分散剂、如颜料和染料等着色剂、防雾剂、抗静电剂、UV吸收剂、光稳定剂和成核剂等添加剂。
此外,在不损害聚乙烯系树脂(A)的特性的范围内,可以将任何其它热塑性树脂共混至树脂组合物中。作为热塑性树脂,可以提及其它聚烯烃系树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂和聚苯乙烯树脂等。
由于本发明的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物的微波炉适用性特别优异,因此其优选用于微波炉烹饪。
2.发泡性层压体
本发明的发泡性层压体包括在以纸为主体的基材的至少一个面上的用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),并且聚乙烯系树脂层(I)由如上所述的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯树脂组合物形成。
(1)以纸为主体的基材
在本发明中,对以纸为主体的基材(下文中有时称为“纸基材”)不特别限定,只要其可以通过包含在纸基材中的蒸气或挥发性物质使表面上的聚乙烯系树脂层(I)发泡即可。
例如,可以提及高品质纸、牛皮纸和美术纸等。纸基材可以涂布有通过加热产生挥发性气体的物质,或者可以将通过加热产生挥发性气体的物质共混至纸基材中。在纸基材中,图片、文字或图案等可以用墨等印刷在例如浆纸或合成纸等纸上。用于基材的纸优选具有100~400g/m2、特别优选150~350g/m2的单位重量。纸的含水率为例如约4~10%,优选约5~8%。可以对纸基材实施在其上的印刷。
(2)聚乙烯系树脂层(I)
对于构成本发明中的聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂,可以使用以上聚乙烯系树脂(A)。为了以高的发泡倍率形成均一的发泡泡孔,聚乙烯系树脂(A)优选选择具有落入约80~120℃的范围内、优选落入约90~110℃的范围内的熔点。
对本发明中的聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的厚度不特别限定,但是为例如20~100μm,并且从提高发泡层的厚度的观点,优选为30~100μm。当聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的厚度小于20μm时,难以使发泡层的厚度足够高。
如果必要,可以对本发明中的聚乙烯系树脂层(I)实施在其上的印刷等。可以部分地或全部用着色墨进行印刷。对于印刷的位置、印刷面积的大小、印刷的方法和要使用的墨等,可以适当地选择和使用常规已知的技术。
在本发明的发泡性层压体上,保持在发泡时从纸基材放出的蒸气的热塑性树脂层(II)可以设置在纸基材的与聚乙烯系树脂层(I)在其上形成的面相反的面(纸基材的另一个面)上。热塑性树脂层(II)包含以下热塑性树脂(B)。
热塑性树脂(B)可以为具有比聚乙烯系树脂(A)高的熔点的树脂、或非熔融树脂,并且不特别限定。为了使聚乙烯系树脂层(I)优先发泡从而容易地获得均一且高的泡孔厚度,热塑性树脂(B)优选满足以下(b-1)的特性:
(b-1):熔点(Tm(b))落在100~140℃的范围内。
这里,如下测量本发明中的熔点。
将丸粒热压成片,并且用冲压机冲压从而获得样品。根据JIS K7121-1987的方法进行测量。在以下条件下以第一升温、降温和第二升温的顺序进行测量,并且将在第二升温的最高峰高度处的温度取作Tm。
装置:由SII Nanotechnology制造的DSC(DSC7020)
升降温条件:
第一升温:以10℃/分钟从30℃至200℃
降温:以10℃/分钟从200℃至20℃
第二升温:以10℃/分钟从20℃至200℃
温度保持时间:第一升温后5分钟、降温后5分钟
样品量:5mg
温度的校正:铟
参比:铝
此外,热塑性树脂(B)进一步优选满足以下(b-2)的特性:
(b-2):Tm(b)-Tm(a)为10℃以上
其中Tm(a)为聚乙烯系树脂(A)的熔点(℃)并且Tm(b)为热塑性树脂(B)的熔点(℃)。
通过满足以上(b-2)的特性,获得具有均一且足够的发泡高度的发泡层。
用于本发明的热塑性树脂(B)的实例包括例如,如高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、乙烯共聚物、聚丙烯系树脂、聚丁烯-1树脂和聚-4-甲基-戊烯-1树脂等具有2~10个碳原子的α-烯烃均聚物和它们的相互共聚物等聚烯烃系树脂;聚酰胺系树脂;聚酯系树脂;乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的皂化产物;氯乙烯树脂;偏二氯乙烯树脂;聚苯乙烯树脂;和它们的混合物等。作为在乙烯共聚物中与乙烯共聚的单体,可以例举共轭二烯(例如,丁二烯和异戊二烯)、非共轭二烯(例如,1,4-戊二烯)、丙烯酸、丙烯酸酯(例如,丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸乙酯)、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸酯(例如,甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸乙酯)、和乙酸乙烯酯乙烯等。
其中,优选例如高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯和线性低密度聚乙烯等聚烯烃系树脂。
在其中将聚乙烯系树脂用作热塑性树脂(B)的情况下,MFR为0.1~100g/10分钟,优选0.3~80g/10分钟,更优选0.5~60g/10分钟,并且密度为约0.920~0.970g/cm3,优选约0.925~0.960g/cm3,更优选约0.930~0.950g/cm3
在使用例如聚酰胺系树脂、聚酯系树脂、乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的皂化产物、氯乙烯树脂、偏二氯乙烯树脂或聚苯乙烯树脂等对纸基材的粘接性不良的树脂的情况下,可以介由例如不饱和羧酸改性的聚烯烃树脂或乙烯/不饱和羧酸共聚物等通常的粘接性树脂等来形成层压体。
如果必要,在不损害热塑性树脂的特性的范围内,可以向热塑性树脂(B)中共混例如:如酚系和磷系等抗氧化剂、如金属皂等中和剂、抗粘连剂、润滑剂、分散剂、如颜料和染料等着色剂、防雾剂、抗静电剂、UV吸收剂、光稳定剂和成核剂等添加剂。
对热塑性树脂层(II)的厚度不特别限定,但是从提高聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的发泡后的发泡层厚度的能力的观点,优选通常从10~100μm的范围、特别是从20~100μm的范围选择。当热塑性树脂层(II)的厚度小于10μm时,存在所述层无法充分保持从纸基材放出的蒸气等并且无法使发泡层的厚度足够高的问题。此外,当其超过100μm时,不能期望任何更加改善的效果并且存在经济劣势会增大的问题。
在本发明的发泡性层压体中,在不损害本发明的优势的范围内,任何其它层可以设置在层压体的层之间或者作为另外的内层和/或外层等来设置。例如,一层以上的膜层、装饰层、增强层、粘接剂层或阻挡层等可以作为设置有纸基材和聚乙烯系树脂层(I)以及进一步的热塑性树脂层(II)的层压体的另外的内层和/或外层而设置,或者可以设置在这些层之间,如自外侧起{聚乙烯膜层/聚乙烯系树脂层(I)/纸基材/热塑性树脂层(II)}、{聚乙烯膜层/阻挡层/粘接剂层/聚乙烯系树脂层(I)/纸基材/热塑性树脂层(II)}、{聚乙烯系树脂层(I)/纸基材/热塑性树脂层(II)/阻挡层/热塑性树脂层(II)}。
如果必要,可以对层压体实施在其上的印刷等。可以在其表面上部分地或全部用着色墨进行印刷。另外,如果必要,使用发泡性墨,可以在其上部分地或全部设置发泡部位。对于印刷的位置、印刷面积的大小、印刷的方法和印刷墨等,可以适当地选择和使用传统已知的技术。
装饰层的实例包括印刷纸、膜、无纺布和织物等。
此外,增强层为起到防止发泡层由于过度发泡而破裂并均匀地校正不均匀的发泡泡孔的作用的层,上述作用通过以下来实现:通过将聚乙烯树脂膜等作为外层层压在聚乙烯系树脂层(I)上,从而使发泡层在通过加热已层压在基材上的聚乙烯系树脂层(I)而发泡时不破裂;或者增强层为起到增强机械强度的作用的层,所述作用通过将膜或无纺布等层压在其上来实现。对树脂不特别限定,并且可以为如聚乙烯或聚丙烯等聚烯烃系树脂、聚酰胺系树脂、或聚酯系树脂等。
作为形成粘接剂层的树脂,可以提及如乙烯与不饱和羧酸或其衍生物的共聚物、聚烯烃树脂用不饱和羧酸等接枝的改性聚烯烃树脂、或乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物等热熔体和通常的粘接剂。
作为形成阻挡层的树脂,可以提及聚酰胺系树脂、聚酯系树脂、乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的皂化产物(EVOH)、聚偏二氯乙烯树脂、聚碳酸酯系树脂、取向聚丙烯(OPP)、取向聚酯(OPET)、取向聚酰胺、如氧化铝沉积膜和二氧化硅沉积膜等无机氧化物沉积膜、如铝沉积膜等金属沉积膜、和金属箔等。
由于本发明的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物的微波炉适用性特别优异,因此组合物优选用于微波炉烹饪。
3.发泡性层压体的制造方法
本发明的发泡性层压体的制造方法包括在纸基材的至少一个面上将发泡性层压体用聚乙烯树脂组合物挤出层压加工来形成聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的步骤。
挤出层压加工为将通过T模头挤出的熔融树脂膜连续地涂覆并且压接至基材上的方法,并且这是一种同时实现涂覆和粘接的成形加工法。挤出层压加工优选在55m/min以上的加工速度下进行,并且从生产性的观点,进一步优选在65m/min以上的加工速度下进行。
4.发泡加工纸
本发明的发泡加工纸通过使聚乙烯系树脂层(I)发泡来获得。发泡加工纸的发泡泡孔的高度优选为370μm以上,更优选400μm以上。当发泡泡孔的高度小于370μm时,则无法获得充分的隔热性。
对加热方法不特别限定,但是可以提及使用热风、微波、高频波、红外线和远红外线等加热的方法。对加热温度不特别限定,但必须为使纸基材中的水分蒸发掉并且使聚乙烯系树脂(A)熔融的温度;因此,例如,所述温度优选为100~140℃。加热时间优选为10秒~5分钟。在以上范围内,容易获得足够的发泡泡孔的高度。
发泡加工纸自不必说用作以下要提及的如杯子等隔热容器用的隔热/保温材料,并且还用作缓冲材料、隔音材料、发泡纸等;并且被实际用作如套筒材料、纸碟、托盘、防滑材料、水果的包装材料和发泡纸等农业用、工业用和生活用材料。由于本发明的发泡加工纸的微波炉适用性特别优异,因此发泡加工纸优选用于微波炉烹饪。
5.隔热容器
通过将上述发泡性层压体成形为容器、然后加热容器、并且使聚乙烯系树脂层(I)发泡来获得本发明的隔热容器。
另外,在隔热容器中,与上述发泡加工纸中一样,发泡泡孔的高度优选为370μm以上,更优选400μm以上。当发泡泡孔的高度为370μm以上时,容易获得充分的隔热性。
由此获得的隔热容器用作托盘和杯子等,但是由于本发明的隔热容器的微波炉适用性特别优异,因此隔热容器优选用于微波炉烹饪。
实施例
下文中,将参考实施例更具体地描述本发明,但是本发明不限于这些实施例。另外,本实施例中的物性和获得的发泡性层压体等的试验方法如下。
(1)MFR:其根据JIS K7210:1999(190℃,21.18N的载荷)来测量。
(2)密度:将丸粒热压成2mm厚的压片(pressed sheet),将所述片放入1000ml的烧杯中,然后填满蒸馏水,并且将烧杯用表面皿覆盖并用夹套式电阻加热器加热。在蒸馏水开始沸腾后,煮沸60分钟,然后将烧杯置于木制台上并在其上冷却。
此时,将煮沸60分钟后的蒸馏水的量调整为500ml并且调整冷却至室温所需的时间从而使其不会为60分钟以下。使试验片几乎浸渍在水中的中央部从而不与烧杯和水面接触。将所述片在23℃、湿度50%的条件下退火16小时以上且24小时以下,然后冲压,从而获得2mm(长)×2mm(宽)的片。在23℃的试验温度下根据JIS-K7112:1999来测量冲压的片。
(3)洗脱物的比例(重量%):将样品在140℃下溶解在邻二氯苯(包含0.5mg/mLBHT)中从而形成溶液。在将其导入至140℃的TREF柱中之后,将其以8℃/分钟的降温速度冷却至100℃,随后以4℃/分钟的降温速度冷却至40℃,随后进一步以1℃/分钟的降温速度冷却至-15℃,然后保持20分钟。此后,使作为溶剂的邻二氯苯(包含0.5mg/mL BHT)以1mL/分钟的流速流经所述柱,从而将TREF柱中的溶解在-15℃下的邻二氯苯中的组分洗脱10分钟,然后将所述柱以100℃/小时的升温速度线性加热至140℃来获得洗脱曲线。
装置和测量条件如下。
(TREF部)
TREF柱:4.3mmφ×150mm的不锈钢柱
柱填充料:100μm的表面惰性化处理的玻璃珠
加热方式:铝微量恒温仪
冷却方式:珀耳帖元件(水冷却用于冷却珀耳帖元件)
温度分布:±0.5℃
温度控制器:由Chino Corporation制造的数字程序控制器KP1000
(阀门式烘箱)
加热方式:空气浴式烘箱
测量时温度:140℃
温度分布:±1℃
阀门:六通阀、四通阀
(样品注入部)
注入方式:环注入方式
注入量:环尺寸0.1ml
注入口加热方式:铝微量恒温仪
测量时温度:140℃
(检测部)
检测器:波长固定型红外检测器由FOXBORO制造的MIRAN 1A
检测波长:3.42μm
高温流通池:LC-IR用微流通池
光路长度:1.5mm,窗口形状为2φ×4mm长圆形,合成蓝宝石窗口板
测量时温度:140℃
(泵部)
送液泵:由Senshu Scientific Co.,Ltd.制造的SSC-3461泵
<测量条件>
溶剂:邻二氯苯(包含0.5mg/mL BHT)
样品浓度:5mg/mL
样品注入量:0.1mL
溶剂流速:1mL/分钟
(4)发泡高度
将在实施例或比较例中获得的层压体切成10cm×10cm的片并且使其在120℃下加热的理想烘箱(perfect oven)(由Espec制造的PH-102型)中静置360秒。此后,将样品取出并且在空气中冷却至室温。发泡后的层压体的发泡层截面用数码显微镜来拍摄,然后仅在截面的照片上的10个点处测量发泡层的高度,并且将发泡层的平均厚度取作发泡高度。
发泡高度为1.1mm以上的层压体评价为“O”并且发泡高度小于1.1mm的层压体或起泡且不值得测量的层压体评价为“×”。
(5)发泡外观
将在实施例或比较例中获得的层压体切成10cm×10cm的片并且使其在120℃下加热的理想烘箱(由Espec制造的PH-102型)中静置360秒从而实现发泡。此后,将样品取出并且在空气中冷却至室温。发泡泡孔的尺寸用数码显微镜(由Scalar Corporation制造的HDM-2100)从下部投影。测量在1.3cm×1.3cm的正方形范围内的发泡泡孔的全部面积之后,计算其平均值。平均值为0.8mm2以上的层压体或起泡且外观不良的层压体评价为外观不良(×),并且平均值小于0.8mm2的层压体评价为外观良好(O)。
(6)微波炉适用性
将在实施例或比较例中获得的层压体成形为杯状之后,使其在120℃下加热的理想烘箱(由Espec制造的PH-102型)中静置360秒从而制备微波炉适用性评价用的发泡后的层压体。将约300cc的常温的水注入至发泡后的层压体中,并且使用输出功率为750W的微波炉(由Panasonic Corporation制造的NE-EH212)进行8分钟微波处理。此后,将层压体取出并在空气中冷却至室温,并且评价层压体的发泡层的状况。在表面上未产生隆起且表面光泽没有问题的层压体判断为“O”,并且在表面上产生大的隆起的层压体或由于发泡不足而不值得评价的层压体判断为“×”。
以下的表1示出了用于实施例或比较例的树脂种类。
[表1]
表1
Figure GDA0001779571660000181
(实施例1)
作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(热塑性树脂层)(II)的树脂,使用MFR为6g/10分钟、密度为0.942g/cm3且熔融温度为130℃的中密度聚乙烯。
对单位重量为320g/m2且含水率为7%的纸基材在其一个面上进行电晕处理(30W.min/m2)。使用90mmφ挤出机(由Sumitomo Heavy Industries Modern,Ltd.制造)和空气间隙为110mm且模头有效宽度为560mm的挤出层压机,将聚乙烯以40μm的厚度、以320℃的树脂温度和50m/min的加工速度在其上挤出层压加工,由此获得聚乙烯系树脂层(热塑性树脂层)(II)和纸基材的层压体。
接下来,在与聚乙烯系树脂层(热塑性树脂层)(II)的面相对的面上对层压体的纸基材表面进行电晕处理(30W·min/m2)。将在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯系树脂(A-1)供给至具有直径为
Figure GDA0001779571660000191
的螺杆的单轴挤出机(由Sumitomo Heavy Industries Modern,Ltd.制造)并且以320℃的树脂温度和130mm的空气间隙挤出层压以使聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的厚度在55m/min或65m/min的传送速度(taking-over speed)下变为70μm,由此获得其中聚乙烯系树脂层(I)、纸基材和聚乙烯系树脂层(热塑性树脂层)(II)依次层压的层压体。此外,为了改善润湿性,对聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的表面进行电晕处理(10W·min/m2)。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均获得发泡外观和发泡高度的良好的结果。此外,在微波炉适用性方面,也未在发泡层中观察到异常。
(实施例2)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-2)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均获得发泡外观和发泡高度的良好的结果。此外,在微波炉适用性方面,也未在发泡层中观察到异常。
(实施例3)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-3)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均获得发泡外观和发泡高度的良好的结果。此外,在微波炉适用性方面,也未在发泡层中观察到异常。
(实施例4)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-4)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均获得发泡外观和发泡高度的良好的结果。此外,在微波炉适用性方面,也未在发泡层中观察到异常。
(实施例5)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-5)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均获得发泡外观和发泡高度的良好的结果。此外,在微波炉适用性方面,也未在发泡层中观察到异常。
(比较例1)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-6)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在55m/min的加工速度下获得了发泡外观的良好的结果,但是在65m/min的加工速度下观察到发泡不良。此外,在微波炉适用性方面,在发泡体的表面上产生大的隆起。
(比较例2)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-7)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在微波炉适用性方面,未在发泡层中观察到异常但是发泡高度低,并且在发泡外观方面,在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均观察到发泡不良。
(比较例3)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-8)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均观察到发泡不良。进一步,在微波炉适用性方面,也在发泡体表面上产生大的隆起。
(比较例4)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-9)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均观察到发泡不良。发泡高度低并且发泡外观的凹凸严重。此外,在微波炉适用性方面,层压体由于发泡不充分而不值得评价。
(比较例5)
除了使用在以下的表2中示出的聚乙烯树脂(A-10)作为用于聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的树脂以外,以与实施例1相同的方式获得发泡性层压体。
获得的发泡性层压体的评价结果在表3中示出。由于在55m/min的加工速度下和在65m/min的加工速度下均会在发泡后的发泡层上产生起泡并且发泡外观变得不良,因此不值得评价层压体的微波炉适用性。
Figure GDA0001779571660000221
Figure GDA0001779571660000231
由以上揭示的是,在纸基材的至少一个面上形成用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I)的发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物中,通过将包含在所述组合物中的聚乙烯系树脂(A)的特性规定至本发明中所限定的范围,通过加热以良好的生产性获得具有足够的高度和良好的外观的发泡泡孔(发泡层)并且还获得了优异的微波炉适用性。
尽管已经详细地并参考本发明的具体的实施方案描述了本发明,但对于本领域技术人员将显而易见的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以在其中作出各种改变和变形。本申请基于2016年2月29日提交的日本专利申请No.2016-037385,并且将内容通过参考引入本文。

Claims (13)

1.一种发泡性层压体,其包括在以纸为主体的基材的至少一个面上的用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),其中所述聚乙烯系树脂层(I)由一种发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物形成,所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物包含满足以下(a-1)~(a-3)的特性的聚乙烯系树脂(A):
(a-1)在190℃和21.18N的载荷下根据JIS K7210:1999测量的熔体流动速率MFR为6g/10分钟以上且小于20g/10分钟,
(a-2)在23℃的试验温度下根据JIS K7112:1999测量的密度为0.920~0.930g/cm3,和
(a-3)在通过使用邻二氯苯的升温洗脱分级(TREF)获得的洗脱曲线中,洗脱温度为70℃以上的洗脱物的比例为47~83重量%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发泡性层压体,其中所述聚乙烯系树脂(A)为选自高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯和乙烯共聚物中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的发泡性层压体,其中所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物包含作为所述聚乙烯系树脂(A)的高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯、和乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的发泡性层压体,其中所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物用于微波炉烹饪。
5.根据权利要求1所述的发泡性层压体,其包括在所述基材的另一个面上的保持在发泡时从所述基材放出的蒸气的热塑性树脂层(II),其中包含在所述热塑性树脂层(II)中的热塑性树脂(B)满足以下(b-1)的特性:
(b-1):熔点,即,Tm(b)落在100~140℃的范围内。
6.根据权利要求5所述的发泡性层压体,其中所述聚乙烯系树脂(A)的熔点,即,Tm(a)和所述热塑性树脂(B)的熔点,即,Tm(b)满足以下(b-2)的特性:
(b-2):Tm(b)-Tm(a)为10℃以上。
7.一种发泡性层压体的制造方法,所述发泡性层压体包括在以纸为主体的基材的至少一个面上的用于发泡的聚乙烯系树脂层(I),其中通过在所述基材的至少一个面上将一种发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物挤出层压加工来形成所述聚乙烯系树脂层(I),所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物包含满足以下(a-1)~(a-3)的特性的聚乙烯系树脂(A):
(a-1)在190℃和21.18N的载荷下根据JIS K7210:1999测量的熔体流动速率MFR为6g/10分钟以上且小于20g/10分钟,
(a-2)在23℃的试验温度下根据JIS K7112:1999测量的密度为0.920~0.930g/cm3,和
(a-3)在通过使用邻二氯苯的升温洗脱分级(TREF)获得的洗脱曲线中,洗脱温度为70℃以上的洗脱物的比例为47~83重量%。
8.根据权利要求7所述的发泡性层压体的制造方法,其中所述聚乙烯系树脂(A)为选自高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯和乙烯共聚物中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求8所述的发泡性层压体的制造方法,其中所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物包含作为所述聚乙烯系树脂(A)的高压自由基聚合法低密度聚乙烯、和乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物。
10.根据权利要求7~9任一项所述的发泡性层压体的制造方法,其中所述发泡性层压体用聚乙烯系树脂组合物用于微波炉烹饪。
11.根据权利要求7所述的发泡性层压体的制造方法,其中所述挤出层压加工的加工速度为55m/分钟以上。
12.一种发泡加工纸,其中根据权利要求1、5或6任一项所述的发泡性层压体的所述聚乙烯系树脂层(I)处于发泡状态。
13.一种隔热容器,其中根据权利要求1、5或6任一项所述的发泡性层压体的所述聚乙烯系树脂层(I)处于发泡状态。
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