CN108633559B - Low-cost and high-yield greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method - Google Patents
Low-cost and high-yield greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108633559B CN108633559B CN201810226649.3A CN201810226649A CN108633559B CN 108633559 B CN108633559 B CN 108633559B CN 201810226649 A CN201810226649 A CN 201810226649A CN 108633559 B CN108633559 B CN 108633559B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention provides a greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method with low cost and high yield, which comprises the following steps: erecting a fruit and vegetable greenhouse; forming arc-shaped high ridges in the greenhouse by using a rotary cultivator; planting four fruit and vegetable seedlings at intervals on two sides of the top end of each arc-shaped high ridge; and a plurality of steel wires are arranged above the arc-shaped high ridges and correspond to the planting positions of the seedlings along the arrangement direction of the arc-shaped high ridges, so that the fruits and vegetables can be climbed and fruiting can be achieved, and a distance is arranged between the fixed position of each rope and the arc-shaped steel pipe framework and the planting position of the corresponding seedling in the horizontal direction. According to the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method, the arc-shaped high ridges are formed in the fruit and vegetable greenhouse, the suspended vine climbing steel wires are adopted above the arc-shaped high ridges, so that the yield of the planted fruits and vegetables can be greatly increased, the labor cost for planting is greatly reduced, the planting quality and taste of the fruits and vegetables are ensured, the economic benefit of agricultural planting is greatly improved, and the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method with low cost and high yield.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements of people on substances required by daily life are increased, for example, the requirements of people on daily fruits and vegetables are not limited by seasons any more, and the people can eat out-of-season vegetables at any time; for fruits, the method is not limited by growing regions, and various vegetables and fruits can be obtained nearby. The greenhouse planting technology for the fruits and vegetables can well meet the material living needs of people. The plastic film is covered on the greenhouse, the ecological environment suitable for different fruits and vegetables is artificially created for planting the fruits and vegetables, the market season of the vegetables can be artificially controlled, the production season of the vegetables can be adjusted, and the market demand can be met. The greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting can promote the quality and the high yield of the fruits and vegetables, and is also one of effective means for increasing the income of farmers.
Referring to fig. 1, a cross-sectional structure diagram of a fruit and vegetable greenhouse commonly used at present is shown, for example, a large number of melons planted in a creative local area are planted, the used fruit and vegetable greenhouse is an arc-shaped greenhouse with a width of 8 meters, the arc-shaped greenhouse comprises an arc-shaped steel pipe framework 10, a connecting steel pipe 12 for fixing the greenhouse is arranged in the middle of a greenhouse top, drainage ditches 40 are arranged on two sides of the greenhouse, 4 trapezoidal ridges 20 are arranged in the greenhouse, the height of each trapezoidal ridge 20 is about 30cm, a fruit seedling is planted on each trapezoidal ridge, a rattan frame 30 is arranged above each trapezoidal ridge 20, and the rattan frames 30 are formed by using moso bamboos or steel pipes and are used for climbing vines and forming melons of the. The fruit and vegetable greenhouse is found to have a plurality of defects in practical application, for example, the ridge shape in the greenhouse is trapezoidal and is not suitable for the whole planting process of melons and fruits, for melons and fruits, more water is needed in the early stage and the middle stage of growth, a drier soil environment is needed in the later stage of growth, in the later stage of the ripening of melons, just in summer with more rainwater, although drainage ditches are arranged on two sides of the greenhouse, in the heavy rain, the water in the drainage ditches cannot be drained in time, and can be poured backwards into the greenhouse, and the water poured backwards into the greenhouse is not easy to be quickly dispersed due to the fact that the height of the trapezoidal ridges is lower and the whole greenhouse is smoother, so that the melons are in a relatively humid soil growth environment in the key ripening period, and the growth quality and the taste of the melons are greatly influenced; moreover, the trapezoidal ridges occupy space, and only one melon can be planted on each trapezoidal ridge, so that the yield of the melons is limited; in addition, present rattan frame is erect and is formed by using mao bamboo or steel pipe, and when melon and fruit (for example Hami melon) planted next batch after the melon results, need demolish the rattan frame, just can carry out the melon and fruit of next batch and plant the preparation work, then erect again, this to large-scale big-arch shelter plant, for example thousands of fruit vegetables big-arch shelters, this needs to spend a large amount of manpowers, has increased planting cost by a wide margin, and economic benefits is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects found in the existing greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting, the invention aims to provide the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method with low cost and high yield, which can greatly improve the yield, reduce the labor cost and ensure the planting quality of melons and fruits.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method with low cost and high yield comprises the following steps:
s1, erecting the fruit and vegetable greenhouse: the fruit and vegetable greenhouse comprises a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe frameworks which are arranged in parallel, the middle part of the greenhouse top is provided with connecting steel pipes for fixing the greenhouse, and drainage ditches are arranged on two sides of the greenhouse;
s2, forming arc-shaped high ridges in the greenhouse by using a rotary cultivator, and forming two arc-shaped high ridges with the same width in each greenhouse; fertilizing and mulching;
s3, planting four fruit and vegetable seedlings at intervals on two sides of the top end of each arc-shaped high ridge; the distance between the middle two seedlings is 35-45cm, and the distance between the seedlings on two sides and the middle seedling is 45-55 cm;
s4, arranging a plurality of steel wires above the arc-shaped high ridges along the arrangement direction of the arc-shaped high ridges corresponding to the planting positions of each seedling for climbing vines of the fruit and vegetable vines and fruiting; the steel wire is hung on the arc-shaped steel pipe framework by a rope; the height distance between the steel wire and the ground is 1.7-1.9 m; the distance between the fixed position of each rope and the arc-shaped steel pipe framework and the planting position of the corresponding seedling in the horizontal direction is 30-50 cm.
Preferably, in step S2, the height of the highest position in the middle of the arc-shaped high ridges is 40-50cm, and the width of each arc-shaped high ridge is 4 m.
Still preferably, in the step S3, the four seedlings planted on each arc-shaped high ridge have a distance of 40cm between the middle two seedlings and a distance of 50cm between the seedlings at both sides and the middle seedling.
Still preferably, in step S4, the height distance between the steel wire and the ground is 1.8 m.
Preferably, in the step S4, a distance between each rope of the fruit and vegetable greenhouse and the fixed position of the arc-shaped steel pipe framework and the planting position of the corresponding seedling in the horizontal direction is 40 ± 2 cm.
According to the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method with low cost and high yield, the arc-shaped high ridges are formed in the fruit and vegetable greenhouse, the suspended climbing steel wires are adopted above the arc-shaped high ridges, so that the yield of the planted fruits and vegetables can be greatly increased, the labor cost for planting is greatly reduced, the planting quality and taste of the fruits and vegetables are ensured, the economic benefit of agricultural planting is greatly improved, and the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional fruit and vegetable greenhouse;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fruit and vegetable greenhouse used in the low-cost and high-yield greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific steps and advantages of the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method disclosed by the invention are detailed as follows by combining the attached drawings.
Referring to the schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the fruit and vegetable greenhouse used in the low-cost and high-yield greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method shown in fig. 2, the fruit and vegetable greenhouse comprises a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe frameworks 10 which are arranged in parallel, the middle part of the greenhouse top is provided with a connecting steel pipe 12 for fixing the greenhouse, drainage ditches 40 are arranged on two sides of the greenhouse, 2 arc-shaped high ridges 18 are arranged in the greenhouse, and four fruit and vegetable seedlings are planted on two sides of the top end of each arc-shaped high ridge at intervals.
Specifically, the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method with low cost and high yield comprises the following steps:
s1, erecting the fruit and vegetable greenhouse: the fruit and vegetable greenhouse comprises a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe frameworks which are arranged in parallel, the middle part of the greenhouse top is provided with connecting steel pipes for fixing the greenhouse, and drainage ditches are arranged on two sides of the greenhouse;
s2, forming arc-shaped high ridges in the greenhouse by using a rotary cultivator, and forming two arc-shaped high ridges with the same width in each greenhouse; fertilizing and mulching;
s3, planting four fruit and vegetable seedlings at intervals on two sides of the top end of each arc-shaped high ridge; the distance between the middle two seedlings is 35-45cm, and the distance between the seedlings on two sides and the middle seedling is 45-55 cm;
s4, arranging a plurality of steel wires 16 above the arc-shaped high ridges along the arrangement direction of the arc-shaped high ridges corresponding to the planting positions of each seedling for climbing vines of the fruit and vegetable and fruiting; the steel wire 16 is hung and tied on the arc-shaped steel pipe framework by a rope 14; the height distance between the steel wire 16 and the ground is 1.7-1.9 m; the distance between the fixed position of each rope 14 and the arc-shaped steel pipe framework and the planting position of the corresponding seedling in the horizontal direction is 30-50 cm.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the height of the highest part of the arc-shaped high ridges is 40-50cm, and the width of each arc-shaped high ridge is 4 m.
In another preferred embodiment, in the step S3, the four seedlings planted on each arc-shaped high ridge are spaced apart by 40cm in the middle and 50cm in the middle.
In another preferred embodiment, in step S4, the height distance between the steel wire and the ground is 1.8 m.
In another preferred embodiment, in the step S4, a distance between a fixed position of each rope of the fruit and vegetable greenhouse and the arc-shaped steel pipe framework and a planting position of the corresponding seedling in the horizontal direction is 40 ± 2 cm.
According to the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method with low cost and high yield, the arc-shaped high ridges are formed in the greenhouse, compared with the original trapezoid ridges, the planting amount can be doubled, and the yield is doubled; the fruit and vegetable seedlings are planted at a higher position in the middle of the arc-shaped high ridge, and rainwater poured backwards into the greenhouse cannot quickly spread to the high position of the arc-shaped high ridge in a time period with larger rainfall; even in a heavy rain season with large rainfall, rainwater spreading to the high position of the arc-shaped high ridge can be quickly scattered to the low positions on the two sides of the arc-shaped high ridge after the rain stops, so that the soil drying environment relative to the seedling planting position is ensured, the requirements of melons and fruits on the growth environment in the mature period are met, and the planting quality and the taste are ensured; in addition, the planting method of the invention abandons the original method of erecting the pergola by using the moso bamboos or steel pipes, but hangs the steel wires for climbing vines on the arc-shaped steel pipe skeleton of the greenhouse, and the hanging height of the steel wires is 1.7-1.9 m, thus ensuring that the manual or agricultural machinery has enough space to plant the next batch of melons and fruits; so, can avoid last batch melon and fruit ripe back need demolish the rattan frame and carry out the work of the planting work of next batch then erectting the rattan frame again, very big reduction the manual work, reduced the planting cost by a wide margin, verify through practical application, exert the weight of melon and fruit and can not influence the structural reliability of big-arch shelter on arc steel pipe skeleton, can guarantee the firmness of big-arch shelter under strong wind environment on the contrary.
According to the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method, a horizontal interval of 30-50cm is formed between the planting position of the melon seedlings and the position of the steel wire of the vine, so that the melon vines can climb on the ground of 30-50cm firstly, then climb up to the steel wire vertically instead of climbing up directly, and therefore the situation that the roots of the melon seedlings are taken away from the soil or the melon vines are torn off when the greenhouse shakes in a strong wind environment can be avoided.
According to the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method, the arc-shaped high ridges and the suspended climbing steel wires are adopted, so that the yield of the planted fruits and vegetables can be greatly increased, the labor cost of planting is greatly reduced, the planting quality and taste of the fruits and vegetables are ensured, the economic benefit of agricultural planting is greatly improved, and the greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make modifications or changes within the scope of the disclosure without departing from the spirit of the present invention, so that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method with low cost and high yield is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, erecting the fruit and vegetable greenhouse: the fruit and vegetable greenhouse comprises a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe frameworks which are arranged in parallel, the middle part of the greenhouse top is provided with connecting steel pipes for fixing the greenhouse, and drainage ditches are arranged on two sides of the greenhouse;
s2, forming arc-shaped high ridges in the greenhouse by using a rotary cultivator, and forming two arc-shaped high ridges with the same width in each greenhouse; fertilizing and mulching; the height of the highest position in the middle of the arc-shaped high ridges is 40-50cm, and the width of each arc-shaped high ridge is 4 meters;
s3, planting four fruit and vegetable seedlings at intervals on two sides of the top end of each arc-shaped high ridge; the distance between the middle two seedlings is 35-45cm, and the distance between the seedlings on two sides and the middle seedling is 45-55 cm;
s4, arranging a plurality of steel wires above the arc-shaped high ridges along the arrangement direction of the arc-shaped high ridges corresponding to the planting positions of each seedling for climbing vines of the fruit and vegetable vines and fruiting; the steel wire is hung on the arc-shaped steel pipe framework by a rope; the height distance between the steel wire and the ground is 1.7-1.9 m; the distance between the fixed position of each steel wire and the arc-shaped steel pipe framework and the planting position of the corresponding seedling in the horizontal direction is 30-50 cm.
2. The method for planting fruit and vegetable in greenhouse with low cost and high yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the distance between the middle two seedlings is 40cm, and the distance between the two seedlings on both sides and the middle seedling is 50 cm.
3. The method for planting greenhouse fruits and vegetables with low cost and high yield as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step S4, the height distance between the steel wire and the ground is 1.8 m.
4. The method for planting fruits and vegetables in a greenhouse with low cost and high yield as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S4, the distance between the fixed position of each steel wire and the arc-shaped steel pipe frame of the fruit and vegetable greenhouse and the planting position of the corresponding seedling in the horizontal direction is 40 ± 2 cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810226649.3A CN108633559B (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | Low-cost and high-yield greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method |
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| CN201810226649.3A CN108633559B (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2018-03-19 | Low-cost and high-yield greenhouse fruit and vegetable planting method |
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| CN108633559A CN108633559A (en) | 2018-10-12 |
| CN108633559B true CN108633559B (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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| CN109673331A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-04-26 | 潍坊科技学院 | Slope surface is designed and constructed method after a kind of double-membrane greenhouse |
| CN115104589A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-27 | 中国农业大学 | Ridge-following pesticide spraying machine capable of automatically changing ridges and control method thereof |
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