CN108476852A - A kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry - Google Patents
A kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN108476852A CN108476852A CN201810319901.5A CN201810319901A CN108476852A CN 108476852 A CN108476852 A CN 108476852A CN 201810319901 A CN201810319901 A CN 201810319901A CN 108476852 A CN108476852 A CN 108476852A
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- strawberry
- matrimony vine
- interplanting
- seedling
- rice shoot
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the interplanting methods of a kind of matrimony vine and strawberry, including following plantation step：1) cutting propagation matrimony vine seedling, 2) strawberry cultivating, 3) interplanting field planting, 4) apply liquid manure, 5) weeding, trimming, 6) bud picking pinching, 7) harvesting and 8) plantation steps such as harvesting management, the invention belongs to proportion of crop planting fields, the present invention is not high for existing matrimony vine single cropping land utilization ratio, strawberry growing environment is limited and matrimony vine plantation input cost is high, the small technical problem of income is improved, disclose a kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry, matrimony vine and strawberry are mixed interplanting by the present invention can not only increase land utilization ratio, the branches and leaves of matrimony vine can also be strawberry shading shield simultaneously, promote the efficient growth of strawberry.The fallen leaves shedding of strawberry can also increase the fertility of soil, and then the growth for next year matrimony vine provides nutrient, while improving income, moreover it is possible to reduce cost input.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation more particularly to the interplanting methods of a kind of matrimony vine and strawberry.
Background technology
Before this title of matrimony vine is first appeared in Chinese two thousand years《The Book of Songs》.Drug scholar's Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) cloud of the Ming Dynasty:" Chinese holly
Qi, two tree names.The thorn of this object spine such as Chinese holly, the item of stem such as Qi, therefore and name it.Matrimony vine is multi-branched shrub, 0.5-1 meters high, quil
0.5-2 centimetres long, the quil of leave and flower is longer, and the sharp point in sprig top is at echinate.Leaf papery or grower's matter are slightly thick, Dan Ye
Alternate or 2-4 pieces of fasciation, oval, ovate diamond shape, oblong, ovum shape lanceolar, the anxious point in top, base portion wedge shape are 1.5-5 lis long
Rice, 0.5-2.5 centimetres wide, grower is larger, is 10 centimetres or more, wide up to 4 centimetres；Petiole is 0.4-1 centimetres long.Matrimony vine likes
Cold and cool climate, cold-hartliness are very strong.When temperature is stablized by 7 DEG C or so, seed can be sprouted, and seedling can resist -3 DEG C of low temperature.
At 6 DEG C or more, spring bud starts to sprout spring temperature.Matrimony vine is in -25 DEG C of overwintering no freeze injuries.Matrimony vine well developed root system, drought-resistant ability
By force, it in arid desert remains to grow.To obtain high yield in production, still need to ensure moisture supply, especially flowering fruit bearing stage must have and fill
The moisture of foot.It is unfavorable that the low-lying land of long-term ponding grows matrimony vine, or even causes rotten or dead.Illumination is sufficient, matrimony vine branch
Robust growth, flowers and fruits are more, and fruit is big, and yield is high, and quality is good.Matrimony vine is grown in alkaline soil and sand loam more, is most suitable in soil
Layer depth is thick, is cultivated on fertile soil.Matrimony vine has higher medical value, the effectiveness with antipyretic cough-relieving.The fruit of Chinese wolfberry also has
There is the benefits of nourishing the liver, nourshing kidney, moistening lung.Wolfberry leaf has qi-restoratives strengthening the essence, the effect of heat-clearing improving eyesight.Because of existing matrimony vine implantation methods
Mostly be all in a manner of single cropping based on because the plantation time limit of matrimony vine is longer, land utilization ratio is relatively low.The warm cold air of strawberry happiness
It waits, when strawberry gets over the summer, when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C and strong sunshine, shade measure need to be taken.
Strawberry is heliophile, but has stronger shade tolerance.When light intensity plant it is short it is strong, fruit is small, color depth, quality are good.In
Equal illumination, fruit is big, color is light, low containing sugar, and picking time is longer；The excessively weak unfavorable strawberry growth of illumination.Strawberry Root Distribution is shallow, transpiration rate
Greatly, stringent to moisture requirement, but different growing stages.Requirement of the strawberry to moisture is again slightly different.Early spring and the coral that blooms, grass often need
It wants ginning outturn straight small most less than 70%. fruit growths of maximum water holding capacity and maturity period demand, up to 80% or more, harvests it
Afterwards, stolon and Fa Xin adventitious roots are extracted out, also needs soil moisture content to be not less than 70%, autumn is plant accumulation nutrition and bud shape
Cheng Qi, soil moisture must not also be less than 60%, strawberry intolerant to waterlogging, it is desirable that soil has good permeability, notices that field rainy season drains.
The maturity period of strawberry is close with the mature period of matrimony vine, and habit belonging to the two is similar, if by matrimony vine and grass
Certain kind of berries mixing interplanting can not only increase land utilization ratio, while the branches and leaves of matrimony vine can also be strawberry shading shield, promote strawberry
Efficient growth.The fallen leaves shedding of strawberry can also increase the fertility of soil, and then the growth for next year matrimony vine provides nutrient.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide the interplanting method of a kind of matrimony vine and strawberry, with
It is not high to solve existing matrimony vine single cropping land utilization ratio, strawberry growing environment is limited and matrimony vine plantation input cost is high,
The small technical problem of income；In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention discloses the interplanting method of a kind of matrimony vine and strawberry, this hairs
Bright disclosed technical solution is as follows：
The invention discloses the interplanting methods of a kind of matrimony vine and strawberry, including following plantation step：
1) cutting propagation matrimony vine seedling
In annual 2~March, the sturdy branch of lignifying is selected on excellent matrimony vine single plant, there are 2 for clip on branch
The cuttings of~3 tender shoots carries out cuttage, growth-promoting root processing is carried out to the tip of cuttings, then by the cuttings cuttage in cuttage base
It is cultivated, then is watered, coating processing in matter；
2) strawberry cultivating
Early March, the field for choosing fertile soil are ploughed, are applied fertilizer, by molding strawberry shoot transplanting equipment to garden
On the ground, the line-spacing between strawberry rice shoot is 40~50cm, hill spacing 20cm；Then strawberry rice shoot is carried out pouring water process；
3) interplanting field planting
The matrimony vine seedling to have taken root in step 1) and the strawberry rice shoot in step 2) are interplanted, by Chinese holly mid-March
Qi Seeding planting is among the strawberry rice shoot of adjacent rows, using staggeredly mode between the matrimony vine seedling and the strawberry rice shoot
It is interplanted；The spacing in the rows of matrimony vine seedling is 20cm；
4) apply liquid manure
It needs irrigate the strawberry rice shoot, matrimony vine seedling, apply fertilizer after interplanting, waits for that matrimony vine seedling grows young leaves
Afterwards, it also needs to spray urea, monthly spray 2~3 times, until fruiting；
5) weeding, trimming
Mid or late April will concentrate carries out artificial weeding processing to field, is trimmed to matrimony vine plant and strawberry
Work, spraying pesticide, pre- preventing disease and pest；
6) bud picking pinching
Mid-May, the small and weak bud of the adventitious bud and bearing basal shoot base portion sprouted on matrimony vine plant trunk of erasing, to newborn
Branch carries out pinching；
7) it harvests
It should be harvested by stages and in groups after Strawberry ripening, need to harvest and finish by the end of August；Every 10 days of summer picked after matrimony vine maturation
Once, autumn, every 20 days of winter concentrate picking primary；
8) harvesting management
After summer harvesting task, strawberry seedling, fertilising of loosening the soil are removed, while cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves and decayed fruit and fallen fruits
Deng next year early March plants strawberry new talent again on strawberry row；The matrimony vine collecting period need to continue to that current year terminates by the end of November.
Further, in order to preferably promote matrimony vine cuttage rooting, the tip of cuttings is carried out at growth-promoting root in step 1)
Reason, is that the tip of cuttings is dipped in 40~60min in the heteroauxin solution of 350mg/L.
Further, in order to preferably promote matrimony vine cuttings to bear healthy and strong faster, in step 1) cutting medium be by
Perlite, vermiculite and rural area soil mix.
Further, there is dead seedling, wilt phenomenon during transplanting in strawberry in order to prevent, and strawberry is being transplanted in step 2)
It needs to carry out disinfection processing to field before rice shoot.
Further, in order to supplement enough nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer to strawberry, matrimony vine rice shoot, step 4) was being applied fertilizer
It needs to apply 10 kilograms of urea, 20 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 10 kilograms of potassium chloride per acre in journey.
Further, in order to promote the fruiting of Chinese wolfberry fruit, improve the yield of fruit, in step 5) to matrimony vine plant and
When strawberry carries out trimming work, matrimony vine plant keeps height to be no more than 60cm, and strawberry needs to carry out yellow leaf, rotten leaf
Trimming.
The invention discloses the interplanting method of a kind of matrimony vine and strawberry, the present invention compares traditional matrimony vine single cropping mode
With land utilization ratio height, the interplanting mode of matrimony vine and strawberry realizes the complementation of the two, is all had to the growth of two kinds of crops bright
Aobvious raising improves the income of peasant household, and the quality of fruit, which is also compared to have with single cropping, significantly to be improved.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention
Implement, gives detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 discloses a kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry, including following plantation step：
1) cutting propagation matrimony vine seedling
In annual 2~March, the sturdy branch of lignifying is selected on excellent matrimony vine single plant, there are 2 for clip on branch
The cuttings of~3 tender shoots carries out cuttage, and the length of cuttings is 10cm or so, carries out growth-promoting root processing to the tip of cuttings, will insert
The tip of fringe is dipped in 40min in the heteroauxin solution of 350mg/L, and rooting rate reaches 100%, then by cuttings cuttage in cuttage
It is cultivated in matrix, the depth of cuttage is the 1/3 of cuttings, is then watered again, coating processing；Cutting medium is by pearl
Rock, vermiculite and rural area soil mix, and the thickness of cutting medium is 15cm.
2) strawberry cultivating
Early March, the field for choosing fertile soil are ploughed, are applied fertilizer, by molding strawberry shoot transplanting equipment to garden
On the ground, it needs to carry out disinfection processing to field before transplanting strawberry rice shoot.Line-spacing between strawberry rice shoot is 40cm, and hill spacing is
20cm；Then strawberry rice shoot is carried out pouring water process；Strawberry rice shoot maintains essentially in mu and plants 5000 plants, and excessive rice shoot can be fought for
Nutriment prevents the growth of matrimony vine；Very few it will cause the surpluses of nutriment, while income can also reduce.
3) interplanting field planting
The matrimony vine seedling to have taken root in step 1) and the strawberry rice shoot in step 2) are interplanted, by Chinese holly mid-March
Qi Seeding planting is carried out between matrimony vine seedling and the strawberry rice shoot using staggeredly mode among the strawberry rice shoot of adjacent rows
Interplanting；The spacing in the rows of matrimony vine seedling is 20cm；Matrimony vine seedling will be maintained essentially at mu and plant 5000 plants.
4) apply liquid manure
It needs irrigate the strawberry rice shoot, matrimony vine seedling, apply fertilizer after interplanting, in order to give strawberry, matrimony vine rice shoot
Enough nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are supplemented, needs to apply 10 kilograms of urea, 20 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride 10 per acre during fertilising
Kilogram.It after matrimony vine seedling grows young leaves, also needs to spray urea, monthly spray 2 times, until fruiting；
5) weeding, trimming
Mid or late April will concentrate carries out artificial weeding processing to field, is trimmed to matrimony vine plant and strawberry
Work, matrimony vine plant keep height to be no more than 60cm, and strawberry needs to trim yellow leaf, rotten leaf.Spraying pesticide simultaneously,
Pre- preventing disease and pest；
6) bud picking pinching
Mid-May, the small and weak bud of the adventitious bud and bearing basal shoot base portion sprouted on matrimony vine plant trunk of erasing, to newborn
Branch carries out pinching；When constant temperature is more than 30 DEG C, the blade of matrimony vine need to be carried out to pour water process sooner or later.
7) it harvests
It should be harvested by stages and in groups after Strawberry ripening, need to harvest and finish by the end of August；Every 10 days of summer picked after matrimony vine maturation
Once, autumn, every 20 days of winter concentrate picking primary；
8) harvesting management
After summer harvesting task, strawberry seedling, fertilising of loosening the soil are removed, while cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves and decayed fruit and fallen fruits
Deng next year early March plants strawberry new talent again on strawberry row；The matrimony vine collecting period need to continue to that current year terminates by the end of November.
Compared to single strawberry cultivating, the strawberry harvesting amount of interplanting wants per mu and increases by 5% or so, compared to single matrimony vine
Plantation, the collecting medlar amount of interplanting is also per mu to improve 3% or so, and the quality of fruit is also relatively scarlet, market prospects phase
To preferable.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 1 discloses a kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry, including following plantation step：
1) cutting propagation matrimony vine seedling
In annual 2~March, the sturdy branch of lignifying is selected on excellent matrimony vine single plant, there are 2 for clip on branch
The cuttings of~3 tender shoots carries out cuttage, and the length of cuttings is 10cm or so, carries out growth-promoting root processing to the tip of cuttings, will insert
The tip of fringe is dipped in 60min in the heteroauxin solution of 350mg/L.Then cuttings cuttage is cultivated on cutting medium,
The depth of cuttage is the 1/3 of cuttings, is then watered again, coating processing；Cutting medium is by perlite, vermiculite and rural area soil
It mixes, the thickness of cutting medium is 20cm.
2) strawberry cultivating
Early March, the field for choosing fertile soil are ploughed, are applied fertilizer, by molding strawberry shoot transplanting equipment to garden
On the ground, it needs to carry out disinfection processing to field before transplanting strawberry rice shoot.Line-spacing between strawberry rice shoot is 50cm, and hill spacing is
20cm；Then strawberry rice shoot is carried out pouring water process；Strawberry rice shoot maintains essentially in mu and plants 5500 plants, and excessive rice shoot can be fought for
Nutriment prevents the growth of matrimony vine；Very few it will cause the surpluses of nutriment, while income can also reduce.
3) interplanting field planting
The matrimony vine seedling to have taken root in step 1) and the strawberry rice shoot in step 2) are interplanted, by Chinese holly mid-March
Qi Seeding planting is carried out between matrimony vine seedling and the strawberry rice shoot using staggeredly mode among the strawberry rice shoot of adjacent rows
Interplanting；The spacing in the rows of matrimony vine seedling is 20cm；Matrimony vine seedling will be maintained essentially at mu and plant 6000 plants.
4) apply liquid manure
It needs irrigate the strawberry rice shoot, matrimony vine seedling, apply fertilizer after interplanting, in order to give strawberry, matrimony vine rice shoot
Enough nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are supplemented, needs to apply 10 kilograms of urea, 20 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride 10 per acre during fertilising
Kilogram.It after matrimony vine seedling grows young leaves, also needs to spray urea, monthly spray 3 times, until fruiting；
5) weeding, trimming
Mid or late April will concentrate carries out artificial weeding processing to field, is trimmed to matrimony vine plant and strawberry
Work, matrimony vine plant keep height to be no more than 60cm, and strawberry needs to trim yellow leaf, rotten leaf.Spraying pesticide simultaneously,
Pre- preventing disease and pest；Except insect pest can be sprayed with l000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder.
6) bud picking pinching
Mid-May, the small and weak bud of the adventitious bud and bearing basal shoot base portion sprouted on matrimony vine plant trunk of erasing, to newborn
Branch carries out pinching；When constant temperature is more than 30 DEG C, the blade of matrimony vine need to be carried out to pour water process sooner or later.
7) it harvests
It should be harvested by stages and in groups after Strawberry ripening, need to harvest and finish by the end of August；Every 10 days of summer picked after matrimony vine maturation
Once, autumn, every 20 days of winter concentrate picking primary；
8) harvesting management
After summer harvesting task, strawberry seedling, fertilising of loosening the soil are removed, while cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves and decayed fruit and fallen fruits
Deng next year early March plants strawberry new talent again on strawberry row；The matrimony vine collecting period need to continue to that current year terminates by the end of November.
Compared to single strawberry cultivating, the strawberry harvesting amount of interplanting wants per mu and increases by 4% or so, compared to single matrimony vine
Plantation, the collecting medlar amount of interplanting is also per mu to improve 5% or so.
Claims (6)
1. the interplanting method of a kind of matrimony vine and strawberry, which is characterized in that including following plantation step：
1) cutting propagation matrimony vine seedling
In annual 2~March, the sturdy branch of lignifying is selected on excellent matrimony vine single plant, there are 2~3 for clip on branch
The cuttings of a tender shoots carries out cuttage, growth-promoting root processing is carried out to the tip of cuttings, then by the cuttings cuttage in cutting medium
On cultivated, then watered, coating processing；
2) strawberry cultivating
Early March, the field for choosing fertile soil are ploughed, are applied fertilizer, by molding strawberry shoot transplanting equipment to field,
Line-spacing between strawberry rice shoot is 40~50cm, hill spacing 20cm；Then strawberry rice shoot is carried out pouring water process；
3) interplanting field planting
Mid-March the matrimony vine seedling to have taken root in step 1) and the strawberry rice shoot in step 2) are interplanted, by matrimony vine children
Seedling is colonized among the strawberry rice shoot of adjacent rows, is carried out using staggeredly mode between the matrimony vine seedling and the strawberry rice shoot
Interplanting；The spacing in the rows of matrimony vine seedling is 20cm；
4) apply liquid manure
It needs irrigate the strawberry rice shoot, matrimony vine seedling, apply fertilizer after interplanting, after matrimony vine seedling grows young leaves, also
Urea need to be sprayed, is monthly sprayed 2~3 times, until fruiting；
5) weeding, trimming
Mid or late April will concentrate carries out artificial weeding processing to field, and trimming work is carried out to matrimony vine plant and strawberry,
Spraying pesticide, pre- preventing disease and pest；
6) bud picking pinching
Mid-May, the small and weak bud of the adventitious bud and bearing basal shoot base portion sprouted on matrimony vine plant trunk of erasing, to newborn branch
Carry out pinching；
7) it harvests
It should be harvested by stages and in groups after Strawberry ripening, need to harvest and finish by the end of August；Every 10 days of summer picking one after matrimony vine maturation
Secondary, autumn, every 20 days of winter concentrate picking primary；
8) harvesting management
After summer harvesting task, remove strawberry seedling, fertilising of loosening the soil, while cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves and decayed fruit and fallen fruits etc.,
Next year early March plants strawberry new talent again on strawberry row；The matrimony vine collecting period need to continue to that current year terminates by the end of November.
2. a kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the end of cuttings in step 1)
The tip carries out growth-promoting root processing, is that the tip of cuttings is dipped in 40~60min in the heteroauxin solution of 350mg/L.
3. a kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that cuttage base described in step 1)
Matter is mixed by perlite, vermiculite and rural area soil.
4. a kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in plant strawberry in step 2)
It needs to carry out disinfection processing to field before rice shoot.
5. a kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 4) is during fertilising
It needs to apply 10 kilograms of urea, 20 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 10 kilograms of potassium chloride per acre.
6. a kind of interplanting method of matrimony vine and strawberry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that matrimony vine plant in step 5)
And strawberry, when carrying out trimming work, matrimony vine plant keeps height to be no more than 60cm, strawberry is needed to yellow leaf, rotten leaf
It is trimmed.
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| CN103262747A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-08-28 | 西北师范大学 | Interplanting method of shiny-leaved yellowhorn and lycium barbarum |
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| CN105993515A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 甘肃中医药大学 | Method for intercropping lycium barbarum and honeysuckles in arid desert area |
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Application publication date: 20180904 |