CN108293346A - A kind of Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) method using garden waste cultivation and its application in ecology of mining areas reparation - Google Patents
A kind of Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) method using garden waste cultivation and its application in ecology of mining areas reparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293346A CN108293346A CN201710897824.7A CN201710897824A CN108293346A CN 108293346 A CN108293346 A CN 108293346A CN 201710897824 A CN201710897824 A CN 201710897824A CN 108293346 A CN108293346 A CN 108293346A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for cultivating Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste and its applications in restoration of the ecosystem.The method of the present invention cultivates Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) by recycling garden waste, is a kind of method of new, efficient cultivation Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.), and the obtained Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of cultivation has many advantages, such as that the speed of growth is fast, pest and disease damage less.The cultivation mixed-matrix used in the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of the method for the present invention cultivation and cultivation can be applied in ecology of mining areas reparation, certain thickness complex planting layer can be formed within a short period of time, effectively control mining soil soil erosion, the problems such as mining area palisades can not be sought connections with is also solved in conjunction with suitable for unique vertical planting technique of Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.), is had a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ecological Restoration Project technical fields, it is more particularly related to which a kind of being suitable for indigenous plant
The cultural method of Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.), and the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) that cultivation is obtained is applied in ecology of mining areas reparation.
Background technology
Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) (Byttneria grandifolia DC.) is subordinate to Sterculiaceae bur Calamus, this kind is wooden big liana,
The middle part and south for producing Guangdong, Guangxi, three provinces and regions of Yunnan, are generally born in by the small stream of in sparse woods or mountain valley.Ye Guang is oval, heart-shaped or close
Circle, long 7~23cm, wide 5.5~16cm, there are few hairs above, below by the starlike pubescence of white.Spend small, yellowish white, inner face
Slightly aubergine.Fruit spheroidal or ovate spheroidal, 3~4cm of diameter, the short and thick thorn of tool, by pubescence；Seed oblong,
It is about 12mm, black when ripe.Spring and summer at florescence.
It is arrived further recently as supervision, the protection work in going deep into for Ecological Civilization Construction, especially nature reserve area
Position, ecological restoration of mine are popular as the beginning that segments market.Using south China area indigenous plant arrange in pairs or groups corresponding cultivation technique,
Reproduction technique, Ecological Restoration Project technique can generate good effect to the polymorphic type mine recovery project in region, be formed good
Ecology, economic and social benefit.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to：Overcome deficient to garden waste Land use systems in the prior art and ecology of mining areas urgently
The problems such as to be repaired, is provided a kind of method recycling garden waste Efficient Cultivation Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.), and is cultivated using this method
Obtained Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) is applied in the reparation of south China area ecology of mining areas.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides it is a kind of using garden waste cultivate Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) method,
It includes the following steps：
(1) garden waste is collected：The a variety of gardens for collecting the generations such as turf-mown, trunk beta pruning and leaf-fall are discarded
Object, it is spare after drying, crushing；
(2) fermentation garden waste：Garden waste obtained by step (1) is impregnated into cold water for 24 hours, pond sludge is sprinkled into after being allowed to dry water
1000~1200g/m3, stir evenly, cover plastic foil spontaneous fermentation；
(3) garden waste pH is adjusted：After fermentation, pH value is measured using pH test paper, pH value is adjusted to 6.5~
7.5；
(4) cultivation mixed-matrix is made：By garden waste obtained by step (3) with river sand, red soil according to 5：3：3 volume
It is 1 after mixing, then with volume ratio：The base fertilizer that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash is mixed to form is according to 20：3~4 mass ratio
It is mixed evenly, obtains cultivation mixed-matrix；
(5) it cultivates：Cultivation mixed-matrix obtained by step (4) is placed in container (such as medium size plastic flowerpot), then by cuttage
Direct kind of the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) seedling of breeding enters in the cultivation mixed-matrix, or Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) seed shallow embedding is entered the cultivation and is mixed
In matrix, fully waters, normally manages and protects.
A kind of optimal technical scheme for cultivating the method for Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste as the present invention, in step (1),
The garden waste is divided into dry, wet two class according to water content, and water content is dry garden waste less than or equal to 40%, aqueous
Amount more than 40% is wet garden waste, and wet garden waste is exposed to the sun 7~10 days and carries out disinfection and is dehydrated, then with dry garden
Woods waste crushes together, obtains the garden waste of sawdust shape or sawdust shape, stirs evenly.
A kind of optimal technical scheme for cultivating the method for Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste as the present invention, in step (2),
The spontaneous fermentation is：South China area spring and summer ferments 30~40 days, turns within every 3~5 days primary；Autumn and winter ferments 60~80 days, often
It turns within 10~14 days primary, it is ensured that odorless after fermentation.
A kind of optimal technical scheme for cultivating the method for Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste as the present invention, in step (3),
PH value is adjusted using calcium superphosphate.
A kind of optimal technical scheme for cultivating the method for Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste as the present invention, in step (5),
The breeding method of the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) seedling of the cutting propagation is as follows：In spring and summer season, chooses the vigorous Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of health, growing way and plant
Strain is used as maternal plant, intercepts 15~20cm of rattan of non-lignifying, (leaf is not as cuttage branch with 1~2 leaf for 1~2 section of band
It is preferably excessive, it is excessive, should not reduce and cause wound, should directly wipe out), it is soaked in 1：2000 liquor potassic permanganate 10min；Again
After cuttage branch lower end is soaked in the IBA solution 8h of 60mg/L, cuttage；Cutting medium is volume ratio 1：1 river sand and vermiculite is mixed
Merging is sterilized with sterilization ling；Humidity when cuttage is 60~70%, but can not overly moist；
The Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) seed is through following pre-treatment：Bur fruit vine is collected in autumn and winter, fruit circle is barbed, is cut with secateurs
After opening, the inside is the seed of black maturation, and selection is dried in the shade without insect pest, full, bright in color seed, is placed in the shady place of gout
It dries, is subsequently placed in cloth bag and is preserved in -4 DEG C of refrigerators；Seed is rubbed on coarse sandpaper before spring cultivation, keeps kind of skin broken
It splits, is then soaked in the tap water of drying 1~2 day 1 day, then be soaked in the mixed solution of the NAA of the IBA and 8mg/L of 80mg/L
Middle 5min.
A kind of optimal technical scheme for cultivating the method for Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste as the present invention, after the cultivation
Preceding fortnight container is put in nursery, the shading shed of 0.5~1m high is set using small bamboo and shading screen, is protected in cultivation
Card ventilation and excessively not sultry, sprinkles profoundly water once, fortnight recession is except shading shed for 2~3 days according to weather.
A kind of optimal technical scheme for being cultivated the method for Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste as the present invention is given birth in Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.)
In length, the fertilizer of sprinkling in every 1~2 week, the fertilizer is 3：1：Urea, the P of 1 volume ratio2O5And KCl, a concentration of 1000 times,
Thin fertilizer to be applied；In the case where ensureing to divulge information, general no disease and pests harm occurs, and if summer constantly rains, should be noted when humidity is excessively high
Fungal diseases can use weekly a carbendazim sprinkling to prevent.
The Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) that the method for the above-mentioned cultivation Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of the present invention is cultivated is after normal growth, in combination with cultivation mixing
The ecology of mining areas that matrix is together used for south China area is repaired, and the characteristics of according to mining area, is divided into following three kinds：
The first, when mining area is gentle exposed mining area, since there are soil horizon, mostly exposed area in this kind of mining area, by not
Same type it is seriously polluted, soil erosion is more serious, Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) have stronger anti-pollution ability, can every 1~2m2Setting one
Deep 20~30cm, the planting groove of wide 30~40cm, in plantation trench bottom place mat 3cm, volume ratio 1：1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash
Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) in plastic flowerpot is migrated to plantation hole, each planting groove by the base fertilizer being mixed to form together with cultivation mixed-matrix
Plant 2~3 Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.)s；It is filled up with local soil, is slightly compacted after sprinkling profoundly water again, be then covered with local soil, form hillock shape；
It plants and the previous moon moisture supply is ensured according to season, temperature and weather, survive rear Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) growth in proper order, and since this kind is
Woody climber can quickly be formed with certain thickness complex planting layer, effective conservation of soil and water.
Second, when the mine in mining area is exposed 45 ° and side slope below, bare side sloping area general soil floor is thin, has
More sillar, soil erosion is more serious, and according to actual conditions, the plantation of a depth 40cm, width 20cm can be arranged every 4~5m
Slot, the steeper planting groove descending portion of the local gradient use timber obliquely or cement block as support, squeeze into steel nail and propping up
It holds under object, the deep 20~30cm of steel nail；It is 1 in plantation trench bottom place mat volume ratio：The bottom that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash is mixed to form
Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) in plastic flowerpot is migrated to planting groove by fertilizer together with cultivation mixed-matrix, and each planting groove plants 2~3, then
It is filled up with local soil, is slightly compacted after sprinkling profoundly water；It plants and the previous moon moisture supply is ensured according to season, temperature and weather,
The long-range moisturizing of sprayer can be used.
The third, when the mine in mining area is exposed 45 ° or more abrupt slopes or palisades area, such abrupt slope is generally mostly sillar,
Less soil horizon, severe water and soil erosion, the fulcrum that liana can seek connections with is less, due to almost without soil horizon, mostly ecology
Repair difficult point, it may include following steps：
(1) abrupt slope and palisades area, which are set up, seeks connections with web frame, and the net of seeking connections with is top-down every 2~3m settings one
Cable wire is fixed per high 1~2m using steel nail, is reused cable wire and is laterally fixed, web frame is sought connections in formation；
(2) it loosens the soil to the soil close to abrupt slope and palisades area bottom, pours into cultivation mixed-matrix mixing, smooth rear edge
It bottom and continuous one or several 30~40cm of depth, the planting groove of width 20cm is set, in plantation trench bottom place mat volume ratio
It is 1：The base fertilizer that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash is mixed to form moves the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) in plastic flowerpot together with cultivation mixed-matrix
Plant to planting groove, fill up, sprinkle profoundly water every 1~1.5m kinds one, then with cultivation mixed-matrix, then culture underglass mixed-matrix at
Hillock shape.
As Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of the present invention ecology of mining areas reparation in application a kind of optimal technical scheme, the third the step of
(2) in, according to actual conditions, planting groove can be also set at 2~3m of abrupt slope and palisades area distance from top edge, at planting groove bottom
Portion's place mat volume ratio is 1：The base fertilizer that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash is mixed to form, by 3：1：1 Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.), great Hua crow mouths
In in planting groove, realization covers the transplanting of (Thunbergia grandflora) and Lygodium scandens simultaneously up and down.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of application of the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of the present invention in ecology of mining areas reparation, cultivates and pierce in mining area
It can reasonably be managed after fruit rattan, specially：Because Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) has significant climbing habit upwards, and firm wood can be formed
There is matter liana structure sheaf good stability can mould woody climber in management to reinforce this liana structure sheaf
Material restraint strap, which is tied up, is seeking connections on the net, and liana structure sheaf is trimmed and be held together by the fertilizer based on rational applied nitrogen,
Form the trend climbed upwards.In actually planting, apparent pest and disease damage is had no, with that resistance is strong, the speed of growth is fast is excellent
Point, good coating can be formed by normally managing and protecting.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention is using the method for garden waste cultivation Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) and its in restoration of the ecosystem
Using having the following advantages that：
The method of the present invention cultivates Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) by recycling garden waste, be it is a kind of it is new, efficiently cultivate bur
The method of rattan, and the obtained Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of cultivation have many advantages, such as the speed of growth soon, no disease and pests harm.The bur of the method for the present invention cultivation
The cultivation mixed-matrix used in rattan and cultivation can be applied in ecology of mining areas reparation, can form certain thickness within a short period of time
The complex planting layer of degree effectively controls mining soil soil erosion, also solves the problems such as mining area palisades can not be sought connections with, and has good
Good application prospect.
Description of the drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, to the present invention using garden waste cultivate Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) method and its
Application and advantageous effect in restoration of the ecosystem are described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the method for the present invention cultivation, the practical coverage effect of Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of exposed 45 ° and side slope below.
Fig. 2 be the method for the present invention cultivation Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) ecology of mining areas reparation in, exposed 45 ° or more abrupt slopes can quickly be climbed
Upper gentle slope, abrupt slope simultaneously form vegetation cover.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effects be more clear, with reference to embodiments, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be understood that embodiment described in this specification is just for the sake of this hair of explanation
It is bright, be not intended to limit the present invention, parameter, ratio of embodiment etc. can adaptation to local conditions make a choice and substance had no to result
It influences.
Embodiment
Place：Guangdong environmental engineering Professional School, the unknown abandoned mine in Nanhai District Foshan City.
Time：In January, 2015~2017 year June.
(1) Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) is introduced a fine variety
Work is being introduced a fine variety close to the mountains the Zhaoqing Bei Ling park of institute progress Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) within 2015.It is specific as follows：
A, cuttage.Spring and summer season in 2015, it was maternal plant to choose the vigorous Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) plant of healthy growth, growing way,
The rattan of the non-lignifying of interception, every section of 15~20cm, 1~2 section of band and 1~2 leaf, leaf should not be too large, such as excessive, unsuitable
Cut it is small cause wound, directly wipe out.Configure liquor potassic permanganate 1:2000 solution impregnate 10min disinfections.It is reconfigured IBA solution
Four groups, concentration is respectively 30mg/L, 60mg/L, 90mg/L, 120mg/L, and every group is 10 cuttage branches, totally 40.After being grouped
Cuttage branch lower end soaking solution 8h.Slightly dry i.e. cuttage.Cutting medium is 1 using volume ratio:1 river sand, vermiculite combination, make
It is primary with sterilization ling disinfection.60~70% humidity is kept when cuttage, but can not overly moist.The gravel being placed under greenhouse seedbed
There is certain shading effect in area.Rooting rate after cuttage refers to table 1, it is seen that in a concentration of 60mg/L, rooting rate highest,
And new root white, health, it is more intensive, it can be used as an optimum condition.
1 Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) cutting plantation of table
| Serial number | Concentration (mg/L) | Cutting plantation | Root condition |
| 1 | 30 | 30% | New root is more thin and delicate, general intensive |
| 2 | 60 | 60% | New root white health, it is more intensive |
| 3 | 90 | 50% | New root white health, it is more intensive |
| 4 | 120 | 10% | New root growing way is weak, sparse |
B, seminal propagation method.Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) collected its fruit autumn and winter in 2015, and fruit circle is barbed, inner after being cut with secateurs
Face is the seed of black maturation, is chosen wherein without insect pest, full, bright in color good seed, and the shady place for being placed in ventilation is dried,
It is placed in cloth bag, one bag of about 1kg, is placed in -4 DEG C of refrigerators and preserves.It is pre-processed before spring cultivation, step is：Seed is placed in
It rubs on coarse sandpaper, exposes seed after kind skin rupture.It impregnates and dries 1~2 day tap water 1 day, in preliminary experiment early period
On the basis of, further configure IBA 40mg/L, IBA 80mg/L, IBA 120mg/L, IBA 80mg/L+NAA 8mg/L, IBA
Totally 5 groups of 80mg/L+NAA 12mg/L solution, every group of 10 seeds, respectively impregnates 5min.Slightly drying can sow.On inspection its
Germination percentage refers to table 2.The wherein group of IBA 80mg/L+NAA 8mg/L, germination percentage is whole high, and the plant after germination is strong
Health, root system comparatively dense are the combinations of suitable promotion percentage of seedgermination.
2 Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) percentage of seedgermination of table
| Serial number | Solution composition | Germination percentage | Overall condition |
| 1 | IBA 40mg/L | 30% | Plant health after germination, root system are weaker |
| 2 | IBA 80mg/L | 60% | Plant health after germination, root system are general |
| 3 | IBA 120mg/L | 40% | Plant health after germination, root system are general |
| 4 | IBA 80mg/L+NAA 8mg/L | 80% | Plant health after germination, root system comparatively dense |
| 5 | IBA 80mg/L+NAA 12mg/L | 70% | Plant health after germination, root system are general |
(2) garden waste is collected.In the afforestation of 2015~2017 years Guangdong environmental engineering Professional Schools
It manages and protects in work, a variety of garden wastes of the generations such as turf-mown, trunk beta pruning, leaf-fall is collected, by all gardens
Waste is divided into dry, wet two class, and wherein water content is dry less than 40%, is wet more than 40%.It is such as wet class, is first exposed to the sun 7
It carries out disinfection and is dehydrated within~10 days.The garden waste dried unification is subjected to preliminary crushing with pulverizer, wood is presented after crushing
It considers shape, sawdust shape to be worth doing, stirs evenly.
(2) garden waste is fermented.Garden waste after crushing is placed in Guangdong environmental engineering Professional School nursery
In cement pit in impregnate cold water 24 hours, be allowed to dry water, according to every 1 cubic metre 1000~1200 grams of standard, be sprinkled into pond sludge, stir
It mixes uniformly, covers plastic foil；It is turned within every 3~5 days primary in spring and summer spontaneous fermentation 30~40 days in south China area；Autumn and winter is sent out naturally
Ferment 60-80 days, it is primary per turning within 10-14 days.Odorless after fermentation.
(3) garden waste pH value adjusts.PH value is measured using pH test paper after fermentation, gradually adds suitable peroxophosphoric acid
PH value is adjusted between 6.5~7.5 by calcium.
(4) cultivation mixed-matrix makes.It will adjust that the garden waste fermentate after pH value, thin river sand, red soil is according to body
Product ratio 5:3:3 ratio mixing, stirs evenly.After matrix completes, according to volume ratio 1:1 making dried poultrymanure and plant ash are mixed
Base fertilizer made of conjunction is mixed into 150~200g of base fertilizer per 1kg mixed-matrixes, is stirred evenly before cultivation, sowing.
(5) planting type.Using medium size plastic flowerpot as container, 4 kinds of matrix are placed as a comparison, respectively gardens are useless
Gurry mixed-matrix, red soil, volume ratio 2:1 red soil：Thin river sand, volume ratio 2:1 red soil：Peat soil refers to table 3.Every group
The small transplantation of seedlings quantity of cuttage be 5, direct kind of the seedling that cutting propagation goes out is entered；The seed handled well is shallow embedding.Fully
Watering.Container is put in the nursery of Guangdong environmental engineering Professional School by preceding 2 week after plantation, uses small bamboo and shading net
Establish the little Yin Peng of 0.5~1m high.Ensure ventilation in cultivation, it cannot be excessively sultry.1 is sprinkled profoundly water according to weather within 2~3 days
It is secondary.The recession of 2 weeks is normally managed and protected except small cloudy canopy.After cultivation 4 weeks, planted using the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of garden waste mixed-matrix
Strain well-grown, average height of 5 Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.)s after 4 weeks reach 1.8m；Leaf is more, dark green health；Root system white health, it is close
Collection.
The Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) growing state of 3 different substrates of table cultivation
(6) fertilizer and Pest management.In growth cycle, according to its growing way 1 fertilizer of sprinkling in every 1~2 week, fertilizer is used
Material is composite fertilizer, urea：P2O5：KCl=3:1:1 (volume ratio), 1000 times of concentration, thin fertilizer to be applied.The case where ensureing to divulge information
Under, general no disease and pests harm occurs.If summer constantly rains, fungal diseases are should be noted when humidity is excessively high, can be used more than 1 time weekly
Bacterium spirit sprinkling prevents.
(7) ecology of mining areas renovation technique.After Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) normal growth, relevant ecology of mining areas recovery project can be carried out,
3 classes can be divided into substantially：
A, gentle exposed mining area.Still there is a soil horizon in general mining area, but mostly exposed area, tight by different types of pollution
Weight, soil erosion are heavier.Gentle exposed environment of mining area is simulated, about in the mountain area domain after the environmental engineering Professional School of Guangdong
Every 1~2m2Plantation 1, plantation groove depth 20~30cm, wide 30~40cm, bottom place mat volume ratio 1:1 makes dried poultrymanure and vegetation
The base fertilizer that ash mixes, about 3cm are thick.Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) in plastic flowerpot is connected into matrix and migrates to planting groove, is filled out with local soil
It is full of.It is slightly compacted after sprinkling profoundly water.It is then covered with local soil, forms hillock shape.First 1 month is planted according to season, temperature, weather
Ensure moisture supply.It is rapid to survive rear Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) growth, while this kind is woody climber, can be quickly formed with certain thickness multiple
Close green layer, effective conservation of soil and water.
B, mine bare side sloping (45 ° or less).Bare side sloping area general soil floor is thin, there is a more sillar, soil erosion compared with
Weight.The side slope area of unknown abandoned mine in Nanhai District Foshan City excavates what a length differed according to actual conditions every 4-5m
Planting groove, depth are 40cm or more.The conducts such as available timber, the cement block obliquely of downhill sections of the steeper planting groove in part
One support squeezes into steel nail under support, the deep 20~30cm of steel nail.According to actual grade in planting groove, it is laid with place mat
Volume ratio 1:The base fertilizer that 1 making dried poultrymanure and plant ash mix.Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) in plastic flowerpot is connected into matrix and migrates to kind
Slot is planted, is filled with local soil full.It is slightly compacted after sprinkling profoundly water.Plantation ensures moisture in first 1 month according to season, temperature, weather
Supply, can use the long-range moisturizing of sprayer.
C, mine Bare Steep and palisades area (45 ° or more).Such abrupt slope is generally mostly sillar, less soil horizon, water and soil
It is lost in weight, the fulcrum that liana can seek connections with is few.Palisades area is restoration of the ecosystem difficult point, and there are few soil horizons.In Nanhai District Foshan City
Specific Ecological Restoration Project is divided into three big steps by the side slope area of unknown abandoned mine.
A, abrupt slope area sets up with palisades area and seeks connections with web frame.Every 2~3m, it is laid with a top-down thin tightwire；Often
High 1~2m is fixed it using steel nail.Laterally using the cable wire of thinner No.1 laterally fix, a net is collectively formed
Shape structure.
B, cultivation area.Soil area in close proximity to abrupt slope and palisades bottom, tentatively improves the regional soil, use is small
Type digging machine loosens the soil to it, can dig within one day pine about 5000m2, and cultivation mixed-matrix is poured into mixing.Planting groove is dug out after smooth,
Deep 30~40cm.It is laid with place mat volume ratio 1:The base fertilizer that 1 making dried poultrymanure and plant ash mix.By the thorn in plastic flowerpot
Fruit rattan connects matrix and migrates to planting groove, and density is 1~1.5m/, full with cultivation mixed-matrix filling.It sprinkles profoundly water, it is mixed in backfill
Matrix is closed into hillock shape.Again at the top on abrupt slope and palisades, at edge about 2~3m, also planting groove is planted at excavation, is conducive to
Simultaneously upwards, covered downwards.Mix bur using lianas such as great Hua crows mouths (Thunbergia grandflora)
Rattan is combined, and ratio is Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.)：Great Hua crow mouths：Lygodium scandens=3:1:1.
C, administrative skill.In management, because Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) has significant climbing habit upwards, and can be formed consolidate it is wooden
Liana structure sheaf has good stability.Should reinforce this liana structure sheaf, in management can by woody climber with plastics about
Band, which is tied up, is seeking connections with net, and liana structure sheaf is trimmed and be held together by the fertilizer based on rational applied nitrogen, formed to
The trend of upper climbing.In actually planting, apparent pest and disease damage is had no, resistance is strong, and the speed of growth is fast, and normally managing and protecting can be good
Form coating well.
(8) overall effect.End in June, 2017, environmental engineering Professional School, Nanhai District Foshan City are unknown in Guangdong
The Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of abandoned mine plantation grows fine, and without apparent pest and disease damage, and has been formed in shoulder, gentle slope region very good
Good vegetation cover plays the role of multiple green, restoration of the ecosystem well.Abrupt slope region also begins to up climb along seeking connections with net,
And form the vegetable layer of covering in bottom.Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.), great Hua crows mouth, Lygodium scandens at the top of abrupt slope grow fine,
Middle great Hua crows mouth begins with the lower abrupt slope of part suspention, forms certain restoration of the ecosystem landscape.Integrated engineering assessment is higher (please to be joined
See Fig. 1~2).
According to the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art in the invention can also be to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula carries out change and modification appropriate.Therefore, the invention is not limited in specific implementation modes disclosed and described above, to this
Some modifications and changes of invention should also be as falling into the scope of the claims of the present invention.In addition, although this specification
In used some specific terms, these terms are merely for convenience of description, does not limit the present invention in any way.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for cultivating Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) garden waste is collected：A variety of garden wastes that turf-mown, trunk beta pruning and leaf-fall generate are collected, warp
It is spare after drying, crushing；
(2) fermentation garden waste：Garden waste obtained by step (1) is impregnated into cold water for 24 hours, pond sludge 1000 is sprinkled into after being allowed to dry water
~1200g/m3, stir, cover plastic foil spontaneous fermentation；
(3) garden waste pH is adjusted：After fermentation, pH value is adjusted to 6.5~7.5；
(4) cultivation mixed-matrix is made：By garden waste obtained by step (3) with river sand, red soil according to 5：3：3 volume ratio is mixed
Close stirring after, then with volume ratio be 1：The base fertilizer that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash is mixed to form is according to 20：3~4 mass ratio mixing
Stirring obtains cultivation mixed-matrix；
(5) it cultivates：Cultivation mixed-matrix obtained by step (4) is placed in container, then the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) seedling of cutting propagation is direct
Kind enters in the cultivation mixed-matrix, or Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) seed is embedded in the cultivation mixed-matrix, fully watering, normal pipe
Shield.
2. the method described in claim 1 for cultivating Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste, which is characterized in that described in step (1)
Garden waste is divided into dry, wet two class according to water content, and water content is to do garden waste less than or equal to 40%, and water content is big
It is wet garden waste in 40%, wet garden waste is exposed to the sun 7~10 days and carries out disinfection and is dehydrated, it is then useless with dry gardens
Gurry crushes together, obtains the garden waste of sawdust shape or sawdust shape.
3. the method according to claim 1 for cultivating Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste, which is characterized in that in step (2),
The spontaneous fermentation is：Spring and summer ferments 30~40 days, turns within every 3~5 days primary；Autumn and winter ferments 60~80 days, and every 10~14
It is turned over once.
4. the method according to claim 1 for cultivating Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste, which is characterized in that in step (3),
PH value is adjusted using calcium superphosphate.
5. the method according to claim 1 for cultivating Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste, which is characterized in that in step (5),
The breeding method of the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) seedling of the cutting propagation is as follows：In spring and summer season, chooses the vigorous Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) of health, growing way and plant
Strain is used as maternal plant, intercepts 15~20cm of rattan of non-lignifying, and 1~2 section of band and 1~2 leaf are soaked in as cuttage branch
1：2000 liquor potassic permanganate 10min；After cuttage branch lower end is soaked in the IBA solution 8h of 60mg/L again, cuttage；Cuttage base
Matter is volume ratio 1：1 river sand and vermiculite is mixed and is sterilized with sterilization ling；Humidity when cuttage is 60~70%；
The Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) seed is through following pre-treatment：Selection is dried in the shade without insect pest, full, bright in color seed, is placed in coarse sandpaper
Upper friction makes kind of a skin rupture, is then soaked in the tap water of drying 1~2 day 1 day, then be soaked in the IBA and 8mg/L of 80mg/L
NAA mixed solution in 5min.
6. the method according to claim 1 for cultivating Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste, which is characterized in that in step (5),
Container is put in nursery by the preceding fortnight after the cultivation, and the shading shed of 0.5~1m high is arranged, and fortnight recession removes shading shed.
7. the method according to claim 1 for cultivating Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) using garden waste, which is characterized in that given birth in Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.)
In length, the fertilizer of sprinkling in every 1~2 week, the fertilizer is 3：1：Urea, the P of 1 volume ratio2O5And KCl, a concentration of 1000 times.
8. being cultivated using the method for garden waste cultivation Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) described in any one claim in claim 1~7
The Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) arrived, the application in ecology of mining areas reparation.
9. application of the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) according to claim 8 in ecology of mining areas reparation, which is characterized in that according to the spy in mining area
Point is divided into following three kinds：
The first, is when mining area is gentle exposed mining area, every 1~2m2One 20~30cm of depth, the kind of wide 30~40cm are set
Slot is planted, in plantation trench bottom place mat 3cm, volume ratio 1：The base fertilizer that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash is mixed to form, Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) is connected
Cultivation mixed-matrix migrates to planting groove together, and each planting groove plants 2~3, then is filled up with local soil；
Second, when the mine in mining area is exposed 45 ° and side slope below, one depth 40cm, width 20cm are set every 4~5m
Planting groove, the steep planting groove descending portion of the gradient uses timber obliquely or cement block as support, squeezes into steel nail and propping up
It holds under object, the deep 20~30cm of steel nail；It is 1 in plantation trench bottom place mat volume ratio：The bottom that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash is mixed to form
Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) is migrated to planting groove by fertilizer together with cultivation mixed-matrix, and each planting groove plants 2~3, then is filled out with local soil
It is full；
The third includes the following steps when the mine in mining area is exposed 45 ° or more abrupt slopes or palisades area：
(1) abrupt slope and palisades area, which are set up, seeks connections with web frame, and the net of seeking connections with is that a top-down steel is arranged every 2~3m
Rope is fixed per high 1~2m using steel nail, is reused cable wire and is laterally fixed, web frame is sought connections in formation；
(2) loosen the soil to the soil close to abrupt slope and palisades area bottom, pour into cultivation mixed-matrix mixing, it is smooth after the bottom of along
Continuous one or several 30~40cm of depth, the planting groove of width 20cm is arranged in portion, is 1 in plantation trench bottom place mat volume ratio：1
Dried poultrymanure and the base fertilizer that is mixed to form of plant ash, Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) is migrated into planting groove together with cultivation mixed-matrix, every 1~
1.5m kinds one, then filled up with cultivation mixed-matrix.
10. application of the Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) according to claim 9 in ecology of mining areas reparation, which is characterized in that the third step
Suddenly in (2), planting groove is set also at 2~3m of abrupt slope and palisades area distance from top edge, in plantation trench bottom place mat volume ratio
It is 1：The base fertilizer that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash is mixed to form, by 3：1：1 Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.), great Hua crows mouth and Lygodium scandens move
It plants in planting groove.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06296439A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Takao Miyashita | Method for reinforcing bearing capacity of cultivated land |
| CN106638634A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-05-10 | 杭州江润科技有限公司 | Road rock slope vine ecological protection structure and construction method |
| CN106900413A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-30 | 东莞植物园 | Luxuriant tongue orchid cultivation matrix that a kind of utilization garden waste makes and preparation method thereof |
| CN107094456A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-29 | 东莞植物园 | One kind recovers understory species using garden waste, indigenous plant, builds south of the Five Ridges native soil ground by the method for landscape |
-
2017
- 2017-09-28 CN CN201710897824.7A patent/CN108293346B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06296439A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Takao Miyashita | Method for reinforcing bearing capacity of cultivated land |
| CN106900413A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-30 | 东莞植物园 | Luxuriant tongue orchid cultivation matrix that a kind of utilization garden waste makes and preparation method thereof |
| CN106638634A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-05-10 | 杭州江润科技有限公司 | Road rock slope vine ecological protection structure and construction method |
| CN107094456A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-29 | 东莞植物园 | One kind recovers understory species using garden waste, indigenous plant, builds south of the Five Ridges native soil ground by the method for landscape |
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