CN1082088A - 氟代醚和氟代烃组合物 - Google Patents

氟代醚和氟代烃组合物 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1082088A
CN1082088A CN93106759A CN93106759A CN1082088A CN 1082088 A CN1082088 A CN 1082088A CN 93106759 A CN93106759 A CN 93106759A CN 93106759 A CN93106759 A CN 93106759A CN 1082088 A CN1082088 A CN 1082088A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
hfc
composition
fluoroether
356mff
weight percentage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN93106759A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
D·L·克卢格
B·H·迈纳
D·M·佩特龙
T·E·C奇索姆
A·C·西弗特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Publication of CN1082088A publication Critical patent/CN1082088A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23GCLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/032Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing oxygen-containing compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0028Liquid extinguishing substances
    • A62D1/0057Polyhaloalkanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/143Halogen containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/149Mixtures of blowing agents covered by more than one of the groups C08J9/141 - C08J9/143
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/30Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23GCLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/028Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C23G5/02803Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
    • C08J2203/142Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
    • C08J2203/146Saturated hydrocarbons containing oxygen and halogen atoms, e.g. F3C-O-CH2-CH3
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2207/00Foams characterised by their intended use
    • C08J2207/04Aerosol, e.g. polyurethane foam spray
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10Components
    • C09K2205/11Ethers
    • C09K2205/112Halogenated ethers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/32The mixture being azeotropic

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及包括至少一种氟代醚和至少一个氟 代烃的组合物。本发明包括式CaFbH2a+2-bOc的环 或无环氟代烃的组合物,式中a=2或3并且3≤b≤ 8和c=1或2以及1≤n≤4和1≤m≤8。这样的组 合物可以用作制冷剂、清洁剂、聚烯烃和聚氨基甲酸 乙酯的膨胀剂、气雾剂推进剂、热交换介质、气体电介 质、灭火剂、动力循环工作流体、聚合介质、颗粒除去 流体,载流体、磨光磨蚀剂和置换干燥剂。

Description

本发明涉及包括至少一种氟代醚和至少一种氟代烃(hydrofluorocarbon)的组合物。这样的组合物可以用作制冷剂、清洁剂、聚烯烃和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨胀剂气雾剂推进剂、热交换介质、气体电介质、灭火剂、动力循环工作流体、聚合介质、颗粒除去流体、载流体、磨光磨蚀剂、置换干燥剂以及止繁殖剂气体的载体。
本发明包括组合物,该组合物包括氟代醚和氟代烃,其中氟代烃的囟化碳全球变暖能力(halocarbon  global  warmming  potential(HGWP)]由将氟代醚加到氟代烃中所降低。本发明也包括共沸或类共沸物的氟代醚和氟代烃的组合物。
氟化烃有许多用途,其一是作为制冷剂。这样的制冷剂包括二氯二氟甲烷(CFC-12)和氯二氟甲烷(HCFC-22)。
近年来人们认为某些含氯氟烃(CFC)和氯氟代烃(hydrochlorofluorocarbon)(HCFC)制冷剂释放到大气中会对臭氧层产生不利的影响。尽管这个提议尚未得到完全证实,但在国际协定下正朝着控制使用和生产某些CFC和HCFC的方向发展。
为解决潜在的臭氧耗褐问题,有人提议用氟代烃制冷剂代替含氯氟烃制冷剂和氯氟代烃制冷剂。由于氟代烃(HFC)制冷剂不含氯,因此它们不消耗臭氧。
另一个环境关心的问题是CFC在“温室效应”中的作用。温室效应是指当大气相对地可为可见光所透射并可使阳光直达地球时,大气通过吸收地球释放的红外辐射而捕集到热量使地球的气候变暖。
目前尚未有可以将所有相关的因素都结合到单一的关于诸如CFC气体的发射物的全球变暖能力的普遍可接受的方法。一个方法是相对于已知的标准根据增强全球变暖的能力来定义化合物的温室效应。一个这样的定义被认为是囟化碳全球变暖能力(HGWP),这是一个比率,其为气体的发射物在该气体在大气中的生存期间所产生的增长的辐射变暖与由相同质量的对照气体CFC-11释放的计算出来的变暖之比。
尽管HFC的臭氧消耗能力为零,但某些HFC有可能是具不合需要的HGWP,并受到政府的控制。因此有必要开发出具低的臭氧消耗能力而同时有低HGWP的制冷剂。
优选的包括一种以上成分的制冷剂为共沸或类共沸物,这使得制冷剂从制冷设备中泄漏或排放到大气中时其组成不会发生改变。制冷剂组成的改变会影响它的性质,例如性能或可燃性。
使用组合物也是合乎需要的,所述组合物具低的臭氧消耗能力和/或低HGWP和/或为共沸或类共沸物;可用作清洁剂,生产闭孔聚氨基甲酸乙酯、酚醛泡沫体和热塑泡沫体中的发泡剂,气雾剂中的推进剂,热交换介质,气体电介质,灭火剂,如用于加热泵的动力循环工作流体,聚合反应的惰性介质,用于从金属表面除去颗粒的流体,例如可被用来在金属部件上形成细的润滑剂膜的载流体,或从诸如金属表面去除磨光磨蚀化合物的磨光磨蚀剂,例如用来从宝石或金属部件中除去水的置换干燥剂,在常规循环制造技术中的抗显影剂包括氯型显影剂以及当与例如氯代烃像1,1,1-三氯乙烷或三氯乙烯一同使用时可用作抗光蚀剂的剥离剂。
本发明涉及包括氟代醚和氟代烃的组合物。本发明包括式CaFbH a+2-bOc的环或无环氟代醚以及式CnFmH2n+2-m的环或无环氟代烃的组合物;式中a=2或3并且3≤b≤8和c=1或2以及1≤n≤4和1≤m≤8。这样的组合物可以用作制冷剂、清洁剂、聚烯烃和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨胀剂、气雾剂推进剂、热交换介质、气体电介质、灭火剂、动力循环工作流体、聚合介质、颗粒除去流体、载流体、磨光磨蚀剂和置换干燥剂。
本发明的另一方面涉及将HGWP低于氟代烃的氟代醚加到氟代烃中可降低氟代烃的HGWP这一发现。因此,本发明涉及第一成分和第二成分的组合物;所述第一成分包括氟代烃;所述第二成分包括氟代醚,其HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP;这样组合物的HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP。
本发明也包括共沸或类共沸物的包括氟代醚和氟代烃的组合物。
本发明涉及包括氟代醚和氟代烃的组合物。本发明包括式CaFbH a+2-bOc的环或无环氟代醚以及式CnFmH2n+2-m的环或无环氟代烃的组合物;式中a=2或3并且3≤b≤8和c=1或2以及1≤n≤4和1≤m≤8。这样的组合物可以用作制冷剂、清洁剂、聚烯烃和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨胀剂、气雾剂推进剂、热交换介质、气体电介质、灭火剂、动力循环工作流体、聚合介质、颗粒除去流体、载流体、磨光磨蚀剂和置换干燥剂。
包括在本发明中的氟代醚有2或3个碳原子。这样的氟代醚的例子包括下面的化合物:
1.六氟二甲基醚(116E,或CF3OCF3,沸点=-59.0℃),
2.五氟二甲基醚(125E,或CHF2OCF3,沸点=-36.2℃),
3.二(二氟甲基)醚(134E,或CHF2OCHF2,沸点=5℃),
4.氟甲基三氟甲基醚(134aE,或CH2FOCF3,沸点=-20.0℃),
5.三氟甲基甲基醚(143aE,或CH3OCF3,沸点=-24.2℃),
6.全氟氧杂环丁烷(C-216E,或
Figure 931067596_IMG7
沸点=-29.2℃),
7.2,2,4,4,5,5-六氟-1,3-二氧戊环(C-216E2,或C3F6O2,结构为:
沸点=-22.1℃)
8.全氟甲基乙基醚(218E,或CF3OCF2CF3,沸点=-23.3℃),
9.全氟二甲氧基甲烷(218E2,或CF3OCF2OCF3,沸点=-10.2℃),
10.2,2,3,4,4-五氟氧杂环丁烷(C-225eEαβ,或C3HF5O,结构为:
Figure 931067596_IMG9
沸点=3.4℃),
11.1-三氟甲氧基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(227caEαβ,或CF3OCF2CHF2,沸点=约-3℃),
12.二氟甲氧基五氟乙烷(227caEβγ,或CHF2OCF2CF3,沸点=-8.0℃),
13.1-三氟甲氧基-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷(227eaE,或CF3OCHFCF3,沸点=-9.4℃),
14.2,2,4,4-四氟氧杂环丁烷(C-234f Eαβ,或C3H2F4O,结构为:
Figure 931067596_IMG10
沸点=21.2℃),
15.2,2,3,3-四氟氧杂环丁烷(C-234fEβγ,或C3H2F4O,结构为:
Figure 931067596_IMG11
沸点=28℃),
16.1-二氟甲氧基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(236caE,或CHF2OCF2CHF2,沸点=28.5℃),
17.1-二氟甲氧基-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷(236eaEβγ,或CHF2OCHFCF3,沸点=23.2℃),
18.1-三氟甲氧基-2,2,2-三氟乙烷(236faE,或CF3OCH2CF3,沸点=5.6℃),
19.1-二氟甲氧基-2,2,2-三氟乙烷(245faEβγ,或CHF2OCH2CF3,沸点=29℃)。
116E(CAS登记号1479-49-8)已按Simons在美国专利2519983中公开的方法由二甲醚的电化氟化来制备。
125E(CAS登记号3822-68-2)已按Fox等人在美国专利3511760和Hutchinson在美国专利3887439中公开的方法由二甲醚(CH3OCH3)的电化氟化制得。
134E(CAS登记号1691-17-4)可按O′Neill在英车专利2248617中公开的方法通过三氟化锑与CHF2OCHCl2反应来制备。
134aE(CAS登记号2261-01-0)已按Berenblit等人在Zh.Org.Khim.12卷,676-770页(1976)中报道的方法由2-甲氧基丙酸甲酯的电化氟化制得。
143aE(CAS登记号421-14-7)已按Aldrick和Sheppard在J.Am.Chem.Soc.,29卷,11-15页(1964)中报道的方法通过氟甲酸甲酯与四氟化硫反应制得。
C-216E(CAS登记号425-82-1)可按Kauck和Simons在美国专利2594272中公开的方法由氧杂环丁烷在无水氟化氢中的电化氟化制得。
C-216E2(CAS登记号21297-65-4)已按Throckmorton在J.Org.Chem.,第34卷,3838-3440页(1969)中报道的方法通过在汽相或液相中用UV照射全氟-b-氧杂-戊内酯制得。该内酯由KF与全氟氧联二乙酰氯(Perfluorooxydiacetyl  chloride)反应制得。
218E(CAS登记号665-16-7)已按Sekiya和Ueda在Chemistry  Letters,第609-612页(1990)中报道的方法由CF  OCH  CF(由CF  OF与1,1-二氟乙烯反应制得)的直接氟化制得。
218E2(CAS登记号53772-78-4)已按Berenblit等人在Zh.Org.Klim.,12卷,767-770页(1976)中报道的方法由2-甲氧基丙酸甲酯的电化氟化制得。
C-225eEαβ(CAS登记号144109-03-5)可用Lagow和Margrave在Progress in Inorganic Chemistry,26卷,161-210页(1979)或Adcock和cherry在Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.,26卷,208-215页(1987)中所述技术由氧杂环丁烷(环-CH2CH2CH2O-)的直接氟化制得。该直接氟化进行到氟结合进原料达到所需的程度,产物通过分馏回收。
227caEαβ(CAS登记号2356-61-8)已按Eisemann在美国专利3362190中公开的方法通过二氟乙酰氟与氟化铯和碳酰氟反应并随后用四氟化硫处理制得。
227caEβγ(CAS登记号53997-64-1)已按Okazaki等人在J.Fluorine Chem.,4卷,387-397页(1974)中报道的方法由CHCl2OCF2CHClF的电化氟化制得。
227eaE(CAS登记号2356-62-9)已按Eisemann在美国专利3362190中公开的方法由2-三氟甲氧基-四氟丙酰氟(CF3CF(OCF3)COF)与含水氢氧化钾于230℃反应制得。
C-234fEαβ可以按Lagow和Margrave在Progress in Inorganic Chemistry,26卷,161-210页(1979)或Adcock和Cherry在Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.,26卷,208-215页(1987)中所述技术由氧杂环丁烷(环-CH2CH2CH2O-)的直接氟化制得。该直接氟化进行到氟结合进原料达到所需的程度,产物通过分馏回收。
C-234fEβγ(CAS登记号765-63-9)已由Weinmayr(J.Org.Chem.,28卷,492-494页(1963))作为TFE与甲醛在HF中反应的付产物被制得。
236caE(CAS登记号32778-11-3)已按Terrell等人在J.Medicnal Chem.,15卷,604-606页(1972)中报道的方法通过用无水氟化氢与五氯化锑催化剂氟化CHCl2OCF2CHF2(由CH3OCF2CHF2的再氯化制得)制得。
236eaEβγ(CAS登记号57041-67-5)已按Halpern和Robin在美国专利4888139中公开的方法制得,该方法为:氯化甲氧基乙酰氯得到中间产物-CHCl2OCHCl.COCl,将其分离并与四氟化硫于150℃反应得到产物。
236faE(CAS登记号20193-67-3)已按Eisemann在美国专利3394878中公开的方法制得,所述方法为:2,2,2-三氟乙醇与碳酰氟反应得到中间体CF3CH2OCOF,该中间体再与四氟化硫于150-200℃反应制得产物。
245faEβγ(CAS登记号1885-48-9)已按Croix在美国专利第3637477中公开的方法通过氯二氟甲烷与三氟乙醇在氢氧化钾存在下反应制得。
可与氟代醚混合的HFC包括一种或多种下列HFC:二氟甲烷(HFC-32),氟甲烷(HFC-41),五氟乙烷(HFC-125),1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134),1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134a),1,1,2-三氟乙烷(HFC-143),1,1,1-三氟乙烷(HFC-143a),1,1-二氟乙烷(HFC-152a),氟乙烷(HFC-161),1,1,1,2,2,3,3-七氟丙烷(HFC-227ca),1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷(HFC-227ea),1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236fa),1,1,2,2,3,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236ca),1,1,1,2,2,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236cb),1,1,2,2,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245ca),1,1,1,2,2-五氟丙烷(HFC-245cb),1,1,2,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245ea),1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245fa),1,2,2,3-四氟丙烷(HFC-254ca),1,1,2,2-四氟丙烷(HFC-254cb),1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷(HFC-254cb),1,2,2-三氟丙烷(HFC-263ca),1,1,1-三氟丙烷(HFC-263fb),2,2-二氟丙烷(HFC-272ca),1,2-二氟丙烷(HFC-272ea),1,1-二氟丙烷(HFC-272fb),2-氟丙烷(HFC-281ea),1-氟丙烷(HFC-281fa),1,1,1,3,3,4,4,4-八氟丁烷(HFC-338mf),1,1,1,4,4,4-六氟丁烷(HFC-356mff),或(CF32CHCH3,(HFC-356mmz)。
下面的化合物可以用作制冷剂:式CaFbH2a+2-bOc的环或无环氟代醚和式CnFmH2n+2-m的氟代烃的组合物;式中a=2或3并且3≤b≤8和c=1或2,1≤n≤4并且1≤m≤8。这样的组合物的例子包括以下组合物:
1-99重量百分数mt116E和1-99重量百分数ntHFC-32,HFC-41,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数125E和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数134E和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,HFC-281fa,HFC-338mf或356mff.
1-99重量百分数134aE和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数143aE和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数C216E,和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数C-216E2和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb.
1-99重量百分数218E和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,
HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数218E2和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fa,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数C-225eEαβ和1-99重量百分数HFC-143,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,or  HFC-245cb.
1-99重量百分数227caEαβ和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数227caEβγ和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数-227eaE和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数tC-234fEαβ和1-99w重量百分数HFC-245cb,HFC-245eb,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz.
1-99w重量百分数C-234fEβγ和1-99重量百分数ntHFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-254ca,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz.
1-99重量百分数236caE和1-99重量百分数tHFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数t236eaEβγ和1-99重量百分数tHFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,
HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,HFC-281fa,HFC-338mf,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz.
1-99重量百分数t236faE和1-99重量百分数HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分数245faEβγand1-99重量百分数HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,HFC-281fa,或HFC-356mff.
本发明也涉及共沸或类共沸物组合物这一发现,该组合物为在特定温度或压力下有效量的下列化合物生成的共沸或类共沸物组合物:
116E和HFC-32,HFC-41,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a或HFC-161;125E和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a或HFC-161;134E和HFC-143,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245cb,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-338mf,或HFC-356mff;134aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;143aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;C216E和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;C216E2和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;218E和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-263fb;218E2和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-236fa或HFC-263fb;
C-225eEαβ和HFC-143,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea或HFC-245cb;227caEαβ和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-245cb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227caEβγ和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227eaE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;C-234fEαβ和HFC-245cb,HFC-245eb,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;C-234fEβγ和HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-254ca,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;236caE和HFC-143,HFC-245ca,或HFC-254ca;236eaEβγ和HFC-143,HFC-245ca,HFC-263ca,HFC-338mf,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;或236faE和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-272ca,HFC-272fb,HFC-281fa;245faEβγ和HFC-356mff.
“共沸”组合物指表现为单一物质的两个或两个以上物质的恒沸液体混合物。共沸组合物的特征之一是该液体的部分蒸发或蒸馏所产生的蒸气的组成与所蒸发或蒸馏的液体的组成相同,即该混合物蒸馏/回流不改变组成。恒沸组合物称为共沸是因为它们与相同成分的非共沸混合物的混点相比较或者表现出最高沸点或者表现出最低沸点。
“类共沸物”组合物指表现为单一物质的两个或两个以上物质的恒沸或基本上恒沸的液体混合物。类共沸物组合物的特征之一是该液体部分蒸发或蒸馏所产生的蒸气的组成基本上与所蒸发或蒸馏的液体的组成相同,即该混合物蒸馏/回收基本不改变组成。
在本领域人们公认:对于类共沸物组合物,若50%(重量)组合物,如径蒸发或沸腾除去,则原组合物和50%(重量)原组合物已被除去后剩余的组合物间的蒸气压差在按绝对单位测量时小于10%。绝对单位是指压力的测量,例如磅/平方英寸,大气压、巴、托、达因/平方厘米、毫米汞柱、水柱英寸数和其它本领域熟知的相当的术语。如果是共沸物,则原组合物和50%(重量)原组合物已被除去后剩余的组合物间的蒸气压差为零。
因此,本发明包括含有效量的氟代醚和HFC的组合物,以使原组合物和50%原组合物被蒸发或沸出以后产生的剩余组合物间的蒸气压差为约10%或低于10%。这样的组合物包括以下例子:
5  116E和HFC-32,HFC-41,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a或HFC-161;125E和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a或HFC-161;134E和HFC-143,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245cb,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-338mf或HFC-356mff;134aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143,HFC-
10  152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;143aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;C216E和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;C-216E2和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;218E和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-263fb;218E2和
15  HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-236fa或HFC-263fb;C-225eEαβ和HFC-143,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea或HFC-245cb;227caEαβ和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-245cb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227caEβγ和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227eaE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,
20  HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;C-234fEαβ和-HFC-245cb,HFC-245eb,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;C-234fEβγ和HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-254ca,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;236caE和HFC-143,HFC-245ca或HFC-254ca;236eaEβγ和HFC-143,HFC-245ca,HFC-263ca,HFC-338mf,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;
25  236faE和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-272ca,HFC-272fb或HFC-281fa;或245faEβγ和HFC-356mff.
本发明基本恒沸、共沸或类共沸物
组合物包括以下组合物(均于25℃)
表1
30
成分  重量范围  优选
116E/HFC-32 50.0-88.0/12.0-50.0 50.0-88.0/12.0-50.0
116E/HFC-41 5.0-84.0/16.0-95.0 40.0-84.0/16.0-60.0
116E/HFC-125 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
35 116E/HFC-134 52.0-99.0/1.0-48.0 70.0-99.0/1.0-30.0
116E/HFC-134a 53.0-99.0/1.0-47.0 53.0-99.0/1.0-47.0
116E/HFC-143 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0
116E/HFC-143a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
116E/HFC-152a 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0
40 116E/HFC-161 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0
125E/HFC-32 25.0-73.0/27.0-75.0 30.0-70.0/30.0-70.0
125E/HFC-134 37.0-99.0/1.0-63.0 70.0-99.0/1.0-30.0
125E/HFC-134a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-50.0/50.0-99.0
125E/HFC-143 1.0-43.0/57.0-99.0 1.0-30.0/70.0-99.0
125E/HFC-152a 1.0-61.0/39.0-99.0 1.0-40.0/60.0-99.0
125E/HFC-161 1.0-71.0/29.0-99.0 30.0-50.0/50.0-70.0
134E/HFC-143 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-50.0/50.0-99.0
134E/HFC-227ca 1.0-51.0/49.0-99.0 1.0-40.0/60.0-99.0
134E/HFC-227ea 1.0-49.0/51.0-99.0 1.0-40.0/60.0-99.0
134E/HFC-236ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
134E/HFC-236cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-70.0/30.0-99.0
134E/HFC-236ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-70.0/30.0-70.0
134E/HFC-236fa 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0
134E/HFC-245cb 1.0-62.0/38.0-99.0 1.0-50.0/50.0-99.0
134E/HFC-254cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-70.0/30.0-99.0
134E/HFC-254eb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0
134E/HFC-338mf 27.0-99.0/1.0-73.0 40.0-80.0/20.0-60.0
134E/HFC-356mff 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0
134aE/HFC-32 1.0-55.0/45.0-99.0 1.0-55.0/45.0-99.0
134aE/HFC-134 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-60.0/40.0-80.0
134aE/HFC-143 52.0-99.0/1.0-48.0 52.0-99.0/1.0-48.0
134aE/HFC-152a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0
134aE/HFC-227ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
134aE/HFC-227ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
134aE/HFC-245cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
143aE/HFC-32 1.0-54.0/46.0-99.0 1.0-54.0/46.0-99.0
143aE/HFC-134 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
143aE/HFC-143a 1.0-53.0/47.0-99.0 1.0-53.0/47.0-99.0
143aE/HFC-152a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-80.0/20.0-80.0
143aE/HFC-227ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0
143aE/HFC-227ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-90.0/10.0-99.0
143aE/HFC-245cb 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0 20.0-80.0/20.0-80.0
C216E/HFC-134 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 50.0-99.0/1.0-50.0
C216E/HFC-134a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-80.0/20.0-80.0
C216E/HFC-143 61.0-99.0/1.0-39.0 61.0-99.0/1.0-39.0
C216E/HFC-152a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
C216E/HFC-161 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
C216E/HFC-245cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
C216E2/HFC-32 1.0-70.0/30.0-99.0 30.0-70.0/30.0-70.0
C216E2/HFC-134 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
C216E2/HFC-134a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0
C216E2/HFC-143 58.0/99.0/1.0-42.0 58.0-99.0/1.0-42.0
C216E2/HFC-152a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0
C216E2/HFC-161 1.0-84.0/16.0-99.0 20.0-84.0/16.0-80.0
C216E2/HFC-245cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
218E/HFC-134 35.0-99.0/1.0-65.0 50.0-80.0/20.0-50.0
218E/HFC-134a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-80.0/20.0-80.0
218E/HFC-143 57.0-99.0/1.0-43.0 57.0-99.0/1.0-43.0
218E/HFC-152a 41.0-99.0/1.0-59.0 41.0-99.0/1.0-59.0
218E/HFC-161 39.0-84.0/16.0-61.0 39.0-84.0/16.0-61.0
218E/HFC-263fb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
218E2/HFC-134 1.0-79.0/21.0-99.0 20.0-70.0/30.0-80.0
218E2/HFC-134a 1.0-72.0/28.0-99.0 1.0-60.0/40.0-99.0
218E2/HFC-143 52.0-91.0/9.0-48.0 52.0-91.0/9.0-48.0
218E2/HFC-152a 1.0-81.0/19.0-99.0 20.0-70.0/30.0-80.0
218E2/HFC-161 1.0-77.0/23.0-99.0 20.0-77.0/23.0-80.0
218E2/HFC-236fa 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
218E2/HFC-263fb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-90.0/10.0-80.0
C225eEαβ/HFC-143 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
C225eEαβ/HFC-236cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0
C225eEαβ/HFC-236ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
C225eEαβ/HFC-245cb 1.0-65.0/35.0-99.0 1.0-65.0/35.0-99.0
227caEαβ/HFC-32 1.0-61.0/39.0-99.0 1.0-61.0/39.0-99.0
227caEαβ/HFC-143 42.0-99.0/1.0-58.0 42.0-95.0/5.0-58.0
227caEαβ/HFC-245cb 1.0-82.0/18.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0
227caEαβ/HFC-272ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
227caEαβ/HFC-281ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0
227caEαβ/HFC-281fa 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0
227caEβγ/HFC-32 1.0-67.0/33.0-99.0 1.0-67.0/33.0-99.0
227caEβγ/HFC-134 1.0-76.0/24.0-99.0 10.0-50.0/50.0-90.0
227caEβγ/HFC-134a 1.0-67.0/33.0-99.0 1.0-67.0/33.0-99.0
227caEβγ/HFC-143 46.0-91.0/9.0-54.0 46-91.0/9.0-54.0
227caEβγ/HFC-152a 1.0-78.0/22.0-99.0 10.0-78.0/22.0-90.0
227caEβγ/HFC-161 1.0-72.0/28.0-99.0 10.0-72.0/28.0-90.0
227caEβγ/HFC-263fb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
227caEβγ/HFC-272ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
227caEβγ/HFC-281ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0
227caEβγ/HFC-281fa 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0
227eaE/HFC-32 1.0-68.0/32.0-99.0 10.0-68.0/32.0-90.0
227eaE/HFC-134 1.0-78.0/22.0-99.0 10.0-60.0/40.0-90.0
227eaE/HFC-134a 1.0-70.0/30.0-99.0 1.0-60.0/40.0-99.0
227eaE/HFC-143 47.0-92.0/8.0-53.0 47.0-92.0/8.0-53.0
227eaE/HFC-152a 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0 10.0-80.0/20.0-90.0
227eaE/HFC-161 1.0-73.0/27.0-99.0 20.0-73.0/27.0-80.0
227eaE/HFC-263fb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
227eaE/HFC-272ca 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
227eaE/HFC-281ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0
227eaE/HFC-281fa 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0
C234fEαβ/HFC-245cb 1.0-58.0/42.0-99.0 1.0-58.0/42.0-99.0
C234fEαβ/HFC-245eb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
Figure 931067596_IMG12
就本发明的目的而言,“有效量”被定义为混合后能生成共沸或类共沸物组合物的本发明组合物中每个成分的数量。该定义包括每个成分的数量,该数量可以根据施加到组合物上的压力变动,但需保证在不同的压力下该共沸或类共沸物组合物继续存在。然而组合物可能具有不同的沸点。
因此,有效量包括例如可用重量百分数表示的在与这里所述的温度或压力下生成共沸或类共沸物组合物。
就本发明的目的而言,共沸或恒沸也意指基本上共沸或基本上恒沸。换言之,这些术语的含义不仅包括上述真正的共沸物,也包括其它按不同的比例含相同的成分并在其它温度和压力下是真正的共沸物的组合物以及那些是部分相同共沸体系并且在性质上是类共沸物的等效组合物。正如本领域所公认的那样,有一系列组合物,该组合物含与共沸物相同的成分,不仅在制冷和其它应用上表现出基本相同的性质而且也表现现与根据恒沸特征或倾向在沸腾时不分离或不分馏的真正的共沸组合物基本相同的性质。
实际上,可以根据所选择的条件用任何下述标准来表示显露出多种外观的恒混合物的特性。
*由于正是“共沸物”这个术语既确定又具限定性,组合物可以定义为A、B、C(和D…)的共沸物,并且为了这个恒温组合物物质的唯一组成需要有效量的A、B、C(和D…)。
*本领域技术人员周知:在不同的压力下,给定共沸物的组成至少会在某种程度上发生变化,改变压力至少在某种程度上也会改变沸点温度。因此A、B、C(和D…)的共沸物代表一个独特的关系型,但它的组成可随温度和/或压力而变化。因此,常用组成范围而不用固定组成定义共沸物。
*组成可以定义为特定的A、B、C(和D…)的重量下分数关系或摩尔百分数关系,尽管公认为这样的特定值指出了唯一一种特定的关系而且实际上对于给定的共沸物来说实际存在由A、B、C(和D…)所代表随压力的影响而变化的一系列这样的关系。
*A、B、C(和D…)的共沸物的特性可以通过将组合物定义为以给定压力下的沸点为特征的共沸物来表示,这样通过特定数字组成给出了鉴定特征而对本发明范围无过分限制,该组成受可用分析设备限制并且是唯一的与可用分析设备一样精确。
本发明共沸或类共沸物组合物可按任何常规方法来制备,包括将需要量的物质混合的方法。优选的方法是称出所需成分的重量,然后在适当的容器内将它们混合。
目前尚未有将所有相关的因素都结合到单一的由于温室气体发射物所致的全球变暖能力的普遍可接受的方法,定义化合物的温室效应的途径之一是相对于已知的标准化合物根据增强全球变暖的能力来定。在本发明中,一些氟代醚和HFC的囟化碳全球变暖能力(HGWP)由已知的测定技术测得。
HGWP被定义为气体的发射物在该气体在大气中的生存期间所产生的增长的辐射变暖与相同质量的对照气体CFC-11释放的计算出来的变暖之比,CFC-11的HGWP为1.0。HGWP的计算由Fisher等人在Nature,344卷,513-516页(1990),“CFC及其替代物对全球变暖的相对影响的模型计算”一文中作了论述,这里将其全文作为参考。
业已发现HFC的HGWP可以通过将HGWP低于HFC的氟代醚加到HFC中而被降低,这样,HFC和氟代醚的混合物就具低于HFC的HGWP。因此,本发明涉及第一成分和第二成分的组合物;所述第一成分包括氟代烃;所述第二成分包括氟代醚,其HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP;这样,组合物的HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP。
本发明范围包括单一的氟代醚化合物加到单一的HFC中,也包括单一的氟代醚加到两个或两个以上HFC的混合物中,此外,本发明包括一种或一种以上氟代醚混合物加到单一的HFC中,也包括一种或一种以上氟代醚混合物加到两种或两种以上HFC混合物中。
成分A和成分B的组合物的HGWP等于[A的馏分组成]×[A的HGWP]+[B的馏分组成]×[B的HGWP]。两种以上成分的组合物的HGWP按同样方法测定,即通过将成分的馏分组成与其HGWP相乘,然后再将所有成分的部分HGWP加到一起。
说明本发明的具体实施例见下述,若无另外说明,本文所有百分数为重量百分数。应该明确的是:这些实施例仅说明本发明而决不应看作是对本发明范围的限制。实施例中给出的所有数值均为+/-5%。
实施例1
相研究
对下列组合物的相研究表明下列组合物是共沸的,在该研究中于恒定温度25℃改变组成并测定蒸气压。
表2
蒸气压
氟代醚重量百分数  HFC重量百分数  磅/平方英寸(KPa)
75.2wt.%116E  24.8wt.%HFC-32  490.5(3382)
58.6wt.%116E  41.4wt.%HFC-41  575.6(3969)
86.0wt.%116E  14.0wt.%HFC-125  295.6(2038)
90.2wt.%116E  9.8wt.%HFC-134  302.7(2087)
90.0wt.%116E  10.0wt.%HFC-134a  299.5(2065)
94.9wt.%116E  5.1wt.%HFC-143  305.9(2109)
94.8wt.%116E  5.2wt.%HFC-143a  293.1(2021)
92.1wt.%116E  7.9wt.%HFC-152a  305.4(2106)
87.3wt.%116E  12.7wt.%HFC-161  344.3(2374)
86.5wt.%125E  13.5wt.%HFC-134  130.7(901)
92.0wt%125E  8.0wt%HFC-143  132.0(910)
84.4wt%125E  15.6wt%HFC-152a  134.1(925)
66.5wt%125E  33.5wt%HFC-161  171.1(1179)
37.9wt%134E  62.1wt%HFC-143  34.0(235)
13.6wt%134E  86.4wt%HFC-227ca  65.9(454)
7.3wt%134E  92.7wt.%HFC-227ea  67.2(463)
78.0wt%134E  22.0wt%HFC-236ca  63.8(440)
36.3wt%134E  63.7wt%HFC-236cb  36.3(250)
52.8wt%134E  47.2wt%HFC-236ea  33.3(229)
14.2wt.%134E  85.8wt.%HFC-236fa  39.8(274)
28.5wt%134E  71.5wt%HFC-245cb  80.0(551)
29.7wt%134E  70.3wt%HFC-254cb  34.9(241)
28.6wt.%134E  71.4wt.%HFC-254eb  35.5(245)
97.1wt.%134E  2.9wt.%HFC-356mff  30.4(210)
65.5wt%134E  34.5wt%HFC-338mf  33.2(229)
11.5wt.%134aE  88.5wt.%HFC-32  249.2(1718)
42.6wt.%134aE  57.4wt.%HFC-134  78.3(540)
98.1wt.%134aE  1.9wt.%HFC-143  73.9(510)
19.1wt.%134aE  80.9wt.%HFC-152a  86.0(593)
65.5wt%134aE  34.5wt%HFC-227ca  76.3(526)
65.4wt.%134aE  34.6wt.%HFC-227ea  75.4(520)
57.7wt.%134aE  42.3wt.%HFC-245cb  91.7(632)
6.2wt.%143aE  93.8wt.%HFC-32  247.4(1706)
92.4wt.%143aE  7.6wt.%HFC-134  127.6(880)
8.7wt.%143aE  91.3wt.%HFC-143a  182.2(1256)
48.6wt.%143aE  51.4wt.%HFC-152a  87.3(602)
71.5wt%143aE  28.5wt%HFC-227ca  85.9(592)
75.6wt.%143aE  24.4wt.%HFC-227ea  84.8(585)
59.6wt.%143aE  40.4wt.%HFC-245cb  102.8(709)
79.8wt.%C216E  20.2wt.%HFC-134  104.4(720)
61.7wt.%C216E  38.3wt.%HFC-134a  108.0(744)
91.9wt.%C216E  8.1wt.%HFC-143  103.5(714)
77.6wt.%C216E  22.4wt.%HFC-152a  109.1(752)
58.8wt.%C216E  41.2wt.%HFC-161  148.3(1022)
95.1wt.%C216E  4.9wt.%HFC-245cb  100.6(693)
36.0wt.%C216E2  64.0wt.%HFC-32  272.4(1878)
60.5wt.%C216E2  39.5wt.%HFC-134  88.6(611)
20.6wt.%C216E2  79.4wt.%HFC-134a  99.0(683)
87.1wt.%C216E2  12.9wt.%HFC-143  82.9(572)
60.5wt.%C216E2  39.5wt.%HFC-152a  95.6(659)
45.7wt.%C216E2  54.3wt.%HFC-161  138.3(954)
74.7wt.%C216E2  25.3wt.%HFC-245cb  81.3(561)
63.3wt.%218E  36.7wt.%HFC-134  116.6(804)
53.0wt.%218E  47.0wt.%HFC-134a  122.3(843)
85.3wt.%218E  14.7wt.%HFC-143  103.7(715)
68.2wt.%218E  31.8wt.%HFC-152a  124.0(855)
62.6wt.%218E  37.4wt.%HFC-161  170.9(1178)
96.3wt.%218E  3.7wt.%HFC-263fb  84.0(579)
46.1wt.%218E2  53.0wt.%HFC-134  89.6(617)
24.7wt.%218E2  75.3wt.%HFC-134a  101.1(697)
78.3wt.%218E2  21.7wt.%HFC-143  72.6(501)
51.0wt.%218E2  49.0wt.%HFC-152a  98.1(676)
46.4wt.%218E2  53.6wt.%HFC-161  145.1(1000)
89.8wt.%218E2  10.2wt.%HFC-236fa  52.6(363)
60.5wt.%218E2  39.5wt.%HFC-263fb  57.9(399)
55.9wt.%C225eEαβ  44.1wt.%HFC-143  38.0(2626)
16.7wt.%C225eEαβ  83.3wt.%HFC-236cb  33.7(232)
91.5wt.%C225eEαβ  8.5wt.%HFC-236ea  31.1(214)
22.4wt.%C225eEαβ  77.6wt.%HFC-245cb  70.1(483)
17.9wt.%227caEαβ  82.1wt.%HFC-32  253.4(1747)
70.9wt.%227caEαβ  29.1wt.%HFC-143  53.7(370)
8.1wt.%227caEαβ  91.9wt.%HFC-245cb  67.4(465)
94.3wt.%227caEαβ  5.7wt.%HFC-272ca  41.5(286)
31.5wt.%227caEαβ  68.5wt.%HFC-281ea  47.3(326)
84.3wt.%227caEαβ  15.7wt.%HFC-281fa  42.5(293)
28.4wt.%227caEβγ  71.6wt.%HFC-32  269.7(1859)
34.8wt.%227caEβγ  65.2wt.%HFC-134  82.7(570)
1.9wt.%227caEβγ  98.1wt.%HFC-134a  98.3(678)
73.8wt.%227caEβγ  26.2wt.%HFC-143  66.2(456)
38.3wt.%227caEβγ  61.7wt.%HFC-152a  91.4(630)
34.4wt.%227caEβγ  65.6wt.%HFC-161  137.5(948)
32.9wt.%227caEβγ  67.1wt.%HFC-263fb  54.6(376)
89.0wt.%227caEβγ  11.0wt.%HFC-272ca  49.6(342)
73.1wt.%227caEβγ  26.9wt.%HFC-281ea  54.0(372)
85.9wt.%227caEβγ  14.1wt.%HFC-281fa  51.1(352)
30.0wt.%227eaE  70.0wt.%HFC-32  272.2(1877)
38.2wt.%227eaE  61.8wt.%HFC-134  84.7(584)
9.3wt.%227eaE  90.7wt.%HFC-134a  98.6(680)
74.9wt.%227eaE  25.1wt.%HFC-143  68.9(475)
42.1wt.%227eaE  57.9wt.%HFC-152a  93.3(643)
37.5wt.%227eaE  62.5wt.%HFC-161  139.5(962)
49.3wt.%227eaE  50.7wt.%HFC-263fb  55.7(384)
90.7wt.%227eaE  9.3wt.%HFC-272ca  52.1(359)
76.8wt.%227eaE  23.2wt.%HFC-281ea  56.0(386)
87.6wt.%227eaE  12.4wt.%HFC-281fa  53.4(368)
13.5wt.%C-234fEαβ  86.5wt.%HFC-245cb  69.9(482)
49.1wt.%C-234fEαβ  50.9wt.%HFC-245eb  17.6(121)
59.0wt.%C-234fEαβ  41.0wt.%HFC-356mff  18.8(130)
50.1wt.%C-234fEαβ  49.9wt.%HFC-356mmz  20.1(139)
33.6wt.%C-234fEβγ  66.4wt.%HFC-245ca  14.5(100)
10.2wt.%C-234fEβγ  89.8wt.%HFC-245cb  69.1(476)
36.0wt.%C-234fEβγ  64.0wt.%HFC-245ea  14.5(100)
36.0wt.%C-234fEβγ  64.0wt.%HFC-254ca  13.8(95)
43.1wt.%C-234fEβγ  56.9wt.%HFC-356mff  17.1(118)
35.8wt.%C-234fEβγ  64.2wt.%HFC-356mmz  18.6(128)
12.0wt.%236caE  88.0wt.%HFC-143  33.4(230)
17.6wt.%236caE  82.4wt.%HFC-254ca  13.8(95)
25.9wt.%236eaEβγ  74.1wt.%HFC-143  34.7(239)
69.1wt.%236eaEβγ  30.9wt.%HFC-245ca  16.1(111)
4.1wt.%236eaEβγ  95.9wt.%HFC-263ca  18.3(126)
92.6wt.%236eaEβγ  7.49wt.%HFC-338mf  18.9(130)
96.9wt.%236eaEβγ  3.1wt.%HFC-356mff  15.7(108)
15.1wt.%236eaEβγ  84.9wt.%HFC-356mmz  16.7(115)
8.5wt.%236faE  91.5wt.%HFC-32  248.6(1714)
56.9wt.%236faE  43.1wt.%HFC-143  45.1(311)
27.8wt.%236faE  72.2wt.%HFC-272ca  34.8(240)
82.3wt.%236faE  17.7wt.%HFC-272fb  30.2(208)
9.3wt.%236faE  90.7wt.%HFC-281fa  37.7(260)
4.4wt.%245faEβγ  95.6wt.%HFC-356mff  14.9(103)
实施例2
25℃时蒸气泄漏对蒸气压的影响
将起始组合物于25℃装入容器中并测量该组合物的蒸气压。将温度维持恒定在25℃时使组合物从容器中泄漏出直至50%(重量)起始组合物被除去,这时测量残留在容器中的组合物的蒸气压,结果总结如下。
表3
0%(重量)蒸发磅  50%(重量)蒸发磅
制冷剂组成  /平方英寸(KPa)  /平方英寸(KPa)  蒸气压变化百分数
116E/HFC-32
75.2/24.8  490.6(3385)  490.6(3385)  0.0
89/11  484.3(3341)  434.4(2297)  10.3
88/12  485.8(3352)  451.4(3114)  7.1
70/30  490.4(3383)  490.0(3381)  0.6
60/40  489.6(3378)  488.0(3367)  0.3
50/50  488.8(3372)  486.1(3354)  0.6
80/20  490.2(3382)  489.1(3374)  0.2
116E/HFC-41
58.6/41.4  575.6(3971)  575.6(3971)  0.0
70/30  572.4(3949)  566.7(3910)  1.0
85/15  540.4(3728)  483.1(3333)  10.6
84/16  544.9(3759)  493.7(3406)  9.3
40/60  571.3(3942)  558.5(3853)  2.2
30/70  565.7(3903)  515.9(3559)  8.8
28/72  564.1(3892)  505.8(3490)  10.3
29/71  564.9(3897)  510.7(3523)  9.6
5/95  512.9(3539)  477.9(3297)  6.6
116E/HFC-125
86.0/14.0  295.6(2039)  295.6(2039)  0.0
99/1  292.7(2019)  292.6(2018)  0.0
70/30  292.2(2016)  291.1(2008)  0.4
60/40  297.3(2051)  284.0(1959)  4.5
50/50  280.6(1936)  273.9(1889)  2.4
40/60  272.0(1876)  260.5(1797)  4.4
30/70  261.0(1800)  244.0(1683)  6.5
5  10/90  227.3(1568)  209.5(1445)  7.2
1/99  202.5(1397)  199.8(1378)  1.3
116E/HFC-134
99.0/1.0  294.8(2033)  294.0(2027)  0.3
10  90.2/9.8  302.7(2087)  302.7(2087)  0.0
70.0/30.0  293.5(2024)  285.2(1967)  2.8
52.0/48.0  283.9(1957)  258.0(1779)  9.1
116E/HFC-134a
15  90.0/10.0  299.5(2066)  299.5(2066)  0.0
99/1  293.8(2027)  293.5(2025)  0.0
52/48  276.8(1909)  248.6(1715)  10.2
53/47  277.5(1914)  251.8(1737)  9.3
60/40  282.6(1949)  267.0(1842)  5.5
20  70/30  289.7(1998)  281.6(1943)  2.8
80/20  296.2(2043)  293.7(2026)  0.8
116E/HFC-143
94.9/5.1  305.9(2110)  305.9(2110)  0.0
25  99/1  300.2(2071)  295.6(2039)  1.5
80/20  299.2(2064)  295.9(2041)  1.1
70/30  293.5(2025)  285.2(1967)  2.8
65/35  290.6(2005)  280.2(1933)  3.5
61/39  300.6(2074)  298.3(2058)  0.8
30  60/40  300.6(2074)  283.6(1956)  5.6
116E/HFC-143a
94.8/5.2  293.1(2022)  293.1(2022)  0.0
70/30  281.6(1943)  277.4(1914)  1.5
35  60/40  273.6(1887)  265.0(1828)  3.1
50/50  264.3(1823)  250.0(1725)  5.4
40/60  253.7(1750)  232.3(1602)  8.4
10/90  206.8(1426)  186.0(1283)  10.1
1/99  183.6(1266)  180.9(1248)  1.5
40  99/1  292.5(2018)  292.5(2018)  0.0
116E/HFC-152a
92.1/7.9  305.5(2108)  305.5(2108)  0.0
99/1  296.4(2045)  295.1(2036)  0.4
45  70/30  292.3(2016)  280.4(1934)  4.1
60/40  286.6(1977)  259.3(1789)  9.5
116E/HFC-161
87.3/12.7  344.4(2376)  244.4(2376)  0.0
50  99/1  307.4(2121)  297.5(2052)  3.2
70/30  337.9(2331)  330.2(2278)  2.3
5  60/40  334.1(2305)  308.4(2128)  7.7
95/5  335.6(2315)  324.8(2241)  3.2
125E/HFC-32
1.0/99.0  246.2(1697)  245.9(1695)  0.1
10  10.0/90.0  241.2(1663)  238.8(1646)  1.0
20.0/80.0  235.0(1620)  230.0(1586)  2.1
30.0/70.0  227.8(1571)  220.1(1518)  3.4
40.0/60.0  219.4(1513)  209.3(1443)  4.6
50.0/50.0  209.5(1444)  197.4(1361)  5.8
15  60.0/40.0  197.9(1364)  184.7(1273)  6.7
70.0/30.0  184.4(1271)  171.2(1180)  7.2
80.0/20.0  168.5(1162)  157.2(1084)  6.7
90.0/10.0  149.9(1034)  142.8(985)  4.7
99.0/1.0  130.8(902)  129.9(896)  0.7
20
125E/HFC-134
37.0/63.0  116.3(802)  105.1(725)  9.6
25  70.0/30.0  128.6(887)  127.6(880)  0.8
86.5/13.5  130.7(901)  130.7(901)  0.0
99.0/1.0  128.9(889)  128.8(888)  0.1
125E/HFC-134a
30  1.0/99.0  98.5(679)  98.5(679)  0.0
10.0/90.0  100.9(696)  100.4(692)  0.5
20.0/80.0  103.5(714)  102.6(707)  0.9
30.0/70.0  106.2(732)  105.0(724)  1.1
40.0/60.0  108.9(751)  107.6(742)  1.2
35  50.0/50.0  111.8(771)  110.4(761)  1.3
60.0/40.0  114.8(792)  113.4(782)  1.2
70.0/30.0  117.9(813)  116.7(805)  1.0
80.0/20.0  121.3(836)  120.3(829)  0.8
90.0/10.0  124.8(860)  124.2(856)  0.5
40  99.0/1.0  128.1(883)  128.1(883)  0.0
125E/HFC-143
57.0/43.0  123.5(852)  112.1(773)  9.2
60.0/40.0  124.2(856)  115.9(799)  6.7
45  70.0/30.0  126.9(875)  122.4(844)  3.6
92.0/8.0  132.0(910)  132.0(190)  0.0
99.0/1.0  129.5(893)  129.3(892)  0.2
5  125E/HFC-152a
39.0/61.0  120.3(829)  108.6(747)  9.7
50.0/50.0  125.3(864)  118.5(817)  5.4
60.0/40.0  129.0(889)  125.6(866)  2.7
84.4/15.6  134.1(925)  134.1(925)  0.0
10  99.0/1.0  129.4(892)  129.2(891)  0.2
125E/HFC-161
29.0/71.0  161.6(1114)  145.8(1006)  9.8
50.0/50.0  169.0(1165)  166.3(1146)  1.6
15  66.5/33.5  171.1(1179)  171.1(1179)  0.0
70.0/30.0  170.9(1179)  170.8(1177)  0.1
99.0/1.0  133.2(919)  130.5(900)  2.1
134E/HFC-143
20  1.0/99.0  33.1(228)  33.1(228)  0.0
37.9/62.1  34.0(235)  34.0(235)  0.0
50.0/50.0  33.9(234)  33.9(234)  0.0
70.0/30.0  33.2(229)  33.1(228)  0.4
99.0/1.0  30.6(211)  30.5(210)  0.1
25
134E/HFC-227ca
1.0/99.0  64.2(443)  64.1(442)  0.1
13.6/86.4  65.9(454)  65.9(454)  0.0
30.0/70.0  64.6(445)  63.5(438)  1.6
30  40.0/60.0  63.0(434)  60.4(416)  4.1
51.0/49.0  60.9(420)  55.0(379)  9.6
134E/HFC-227ea
7.3/92.7  67.2(463)  67.2(463)  0.0
35  1.0/99.0  66.8(461)  66.8(461)  0.0
40.0/60.0  62.6(432)  59.3(409)  5.3
50.0/50.0  60.3(416)  54.0(372)  10.4
49.0/51.0  60.6(418)  54.6(376)  9.9
40  134E/HFC-236ca
78.0/22.0  29.5(203)  29.5(203)  0.0
90/10  29.4(202)  29.4(202)  0.0
99/1  29.2(201)  29.2(201)  0.0
70/30  29.4(202)  29.4(202)  0.0
45  60/40  29.3(202)  29.2(201)  0.3
50/50  29.0(200)  29.0(200)  0.0
30/70  28.0(193)  27.7(191)  1.1
10/90  26.2(180)  26.0(179)  0.8
1/99  25.1(173)  25.0(172)  0.4
50
5  134E/HFC-236cb
1.0/99.0  33.8(233)  33.8(233)  0.0
36.3/63.7  36.3(250)  36.3(250)  0.0
40.0/60.0  36.3(250)  36.3(250)  0.0
70.0/30.0  34.8(240)  34.3(236)  1.6
10  99.0/1.0  30.6(211)  30.5(210)  0.3
134E/HFC-236ea
1.0/99.0  28.9(199)  28.9(199)  0.0
30.0/70.0  32.6(225)  32.4(223)  0.7
15  52.8/47.2  33.3(229)  33.3(229)  0.0
70.0/30.0  32.9(227)  32.8(226)  0.3
99.0/1.0  30.6(211)  30.5(210)  0.3
134E/HFC-236fa
20  14.2/85.8  39.8(274)  39.8(274)  0.0
1.0/99.0  39.4(272)  39.4(272)  0.0
40.0/60.0  38.8(268)  38.6(266)  0.5
60.0/40.0  37.1(256)  36.3(250)  2.2
80.0/20.0  34.4(237)  33.3(230)  3.2
25  99.0/1.0  30.7(212)  30.5(210)  0.7
134E/HFC-245cb
1.0/99.0  69.0(476)  67.8(467)  1.7
28.5/71.5  80.0(551)  80.0(551)  0.0
30  40.0/60.0  79.6(549)  79.0(545)  0.7
50.0/50.0  78.9(544)  77.4(534)  1.9
62.0/38.0  77.9(537)  71.4(492)  8.4
134E/HFC-254cb
35  1.0/99.0  34.2(236)  34.2(236)  0.0
29.7/70.3  34.9(241)  34.9(241)  0.0
40.0/60.0  34.8(240)  34.8(240)  0.0
70.0/30.0  33.6(232)  33.4(230)  0.7
99.0/1.0  30.6(211)  30.5(210)  0.1
40
134E/HFC-254eb
28.6/71.4  35.5(245)  35.5(245)  0.0
15.0/85.0  35.3(243)  35.3(243)  0.0
1.0/99.0  34.8(240)  34.8(240)  0.0
45  60.0/40.0  34.7(239)  34.5(238)  0.6
80.0/20.0  33.1(228)  32.7(225)  1.2
99.0/1.0  30.6(211)  30.5(210)  0.3
134E/HFC-338mf
50  27.0/73.0  30.5(210)  27.6(190)  9.4
40.0/60.0  32.2(222)  31.1(214)  3.4
5  65.5/34.5  33.2(229)  33.2(229)  0.0
80.0/20.0  32.9(227)  32.6(225)  0.8
99.0/1.0  30.6(211)  30.5(210)  0.4
134E/HFC-356mff
10  97.1/2.9  30.4(210)  30.4(210)  0.0
99.0/1.0  30.4(210)  30.4(210)  0.0
60.0/40.0  28.7(198)  27.8(192)  3.1
40.0/60.0  26.4(182)  23.9(165)  9.5
39.0/61.0  26.3(181)  23.6(163)  10.3
15
134aE/HFC-32
11.5/88.5  249.1(1718)  249.1(1718)  0.0
1/99  247.2(1705)  247.1(1705)  0.0
20/80  248.3(1713)  247.7(1709)  0.2
20  30/70  245.8(1695)  243.0(1676)  1.1
56/44  231.1(1594)  207.6(1432)  10.2
55/45  232.0(1600)  210.0(1449)  9.5
40/60  241.9(1669)  234.5(1618)  3.0
25  134aE/HFC-134
99.0/1.0  74.0(510)  74.0(510)  0
60.0/40.0  77.9(537)  77.9(537)  0
42.6/57.4  78.3(540)  78.3(540)  0
20.0/80.0  77.7(536)  77.7(536)  0
30  1.0/99.0  76.2(525)  76.2(525)  0
134aE/HFC-143
99.0/1.0  73.8(509)  73.8(509)  0
98.1/1.9  73.9(510)  73.9(510)  0
35  52.0/48.0  65.0(448)  58.7(405)  9.7
134aE/HFC-152a
19.1/80.9  86.1(594)  86.1(594)  0.0
10/90  86.0(593)  86.0(593)  0.0
40  1/99  85.8(592)  85.8(592)  0.0
30/70  86.0(593)  86.0(593)  0.0
50/50  85.0(586)  84.9(585)  0.1
70/30  82.7(570)  82.2(567)  0.6
80/20  80.7(556)  80.0(552)  0.9
45  99/1  74.3(512)  74.2(512)  0.1
134aE/HFC-227ca
65.5/34.5  76.2(525)  76.2(525)  0.0
80/20  75.8(523)  75.8(523)  0.0
50  90/10  75.0(517)  74.9(516)  0.1
99/1  74.0(510)  73.9(510)  0.1
5  50/50  75.7(522)  75.6(521)  0.1
40/60  74.8(516)  74.4(513)  0.5
30/70  73.4(506)  72.7(501)  1.0
20/90  71.2(491)  70.2(484)  1.4
1/99  64.2(443)  64.1(442)  0.3
10
134aE/HFC-227ea
65.4/34.6  75.5(521)  75.5(521)  0.0
80/20  75.2(518)  75.1(518)  0.1
90/10  74.6(514)  74.6(514)  0.0
15  99/1  73.9(509)  73.9(509)  0.0
50/50  75.1(518)  75.0(517)  0.1
30/70  73.4(506)  73.0(503)  0.5
10/90  69.6(480)  69.2(477)  0.6
1/99  67.0(462)  67.0(462)  0.0
20
134aE/HFC-245cb
57.7/42.3  91.6(632)  91.6(632)  0.0
70/30  90.9(627)  90.1(621)  0.9
80/20  89.0(614)  85.9(592)  3.5
25  92/8  83.3(574)  77.4(534)  7.1
99/1  75.5(521)  74.1(511)  1.8
30/70  87.6(604)  84.3(581)  3.8
20/80  83.4(575)  78.4(541)  6
10.90  76.9(530)  72.3(498)  6
30  1/99  67.7(467)  67.8(467)  0.1
143aE/HFC-32
6.2/98.8  247.4(1707)  247.4(1707)  0.0
1/99  246.9(1703)  246.9(1703)  0.0
35  20/80  245.1(1691)  243.9(1682)  0.5
30/70  241.4(1665)  237.3(1637)  1.7
40/60  236.1(1629)  226.9(1565)  3.9
50/50  228.8(1578)  210.9(1455)  7.8
55/45  224(1545)  200.1(1380)  10.6
40  54/46  225(1552)  202(1393)  10.0
143aE/HFC-134
99.0/1.0  127.5(879)  127.5(879)  0
92.4/7.6  127.6(880)  127.6(880)  0
45  30.0/70.0  123.4(851)  123.1(849)  0.2
1.0/99.0  118.3(815)  118.2(815)  0
143aE/HFC-143a
8.7/91.3  182.1(1256)  182.1(1256)  0.0
50  1/99  181.0(1248)  181.0(1248)  0.0
20/80  180.5(1245)  179.7(1239)  0.4
5  40/50  172.4(1189)  165.0(1138)  4.3
55/45  161.8(1116)  144.7(998)  10.6
54/46  162.7(1122)  146.3(1009)  10.1
53/47  163.5(1128)  147.9(1020)  9.5
10  143aE/HFC-152a
48.6/51.4  87.4(603)  87.4(603)  0.0
40/60  87.3(602)  87.3(602)  0.0
30/70  87.2(601)  87.1(601)  0.1
10/90  86.3(595)  86.3(595)  0.0
15  1/99  85.8(592)  85.8(592)  0.0
60/40  87.2(601)  87.2(601)  0.0
70/30  86.9(599)  86.8(598)  0.1
90/10  85.2(587)  85.2(587)  0.0
99/1  84.0(579)  84.0(579)  0.0
20
143aE/HFC-227ca
71.5/28.5  85.9(592)  85.9(592)  0.0
80/20  85.7(591)  85.7(591)  0.0
99/1  84.0(579)  84.0(579)  0.0
25  60/40  85.6(590)  85.4(589)  0.2
40/60  83.2(574)  82.1(566)  1.3
30/70  80.8(557)  78.9(544)  2.3
20/80  77.2(532)  74.5(514)  3.5
1/99  64.7(446)  64.3(443)  0.6
30
143aE/HFC-227ea
75.6/24.4  84.9(585)  84.9(585)  0.0
90/10  84.5(583)  84.5(583)  0.0
99/1  83.9(578)  83.9(578)  0.0
35  70/30  84.8(585)  84.8(585)  0.0
60/40  84.4(582)  84.3(581)  0.1
50/50  83.6(576)  83.2(574)  0.5
30/70  80.1(552)  78.9(544)  1.5
10/90  72.8(502)  71.3(492)  2.1
40  1/99  67.3(464)  67.1(463)  0.3
143aE/HFC-245cb
59.6/40.4  102.8(709)  102.8(709)  0.0
70/30  102.2(705)  101.5(700)  0.7
45  80/20  100.5(693)  96.9(668)  3.6
99/1  85.8(592)  84.0(579)  2.1
40/60  100.7(694)  98.2(677)  2.5
30/70  97.4(672)  91.6(632)  6.0
20/80  91.8(633)  82.7(570)  9.9
50  19/81  91.0(627)  81.7(563)  10.2
5  C-216E/HFC-134
1.0/99.0  76.9(530)  76.3(526)  0.8
50.0/50.0  100.1(690)  98.0(676)  2.1
79.8/20.2  104.4(720)  104.4(720)  0
99.0/1.0  100.8(695)  100.7(694)  0.1
10
C216E/HFC-134a
61.7/38.3  108.0(745)  108.0(745)  0.0
80/20  106.6(735)  106.4(734)  0.2
90/10  104.4(720)  105.0(724)  0.6
15  99/1  100.8(695)  100.7(694)  0.1
50/50  107.6(742)  107.4(741)  0.1
30/70  105.2(725)  104.6(721)  0.2
10/90  101.0(696)  100.4(692)  0.5
1/99  98.6(680)  98.5(679)  0.1
20
C216E/HFC-143
99.0/1.0  101.2(698)  101.0(696)  0.2
91.9/8.1  103.5(714)  103.5(714)  0
61.0/39.0  96.6(666)  87.3(602)  9.6
25
C216E/HFC-152a
77.6/22.4  109.1(752)  109.1(752)  0.0
90/10  107.2(739)  106.7(736)  0.5
99/1  101.4(699)  101.1(697)  0.3
30  70/30  108.7(759)  108.5(748)  0.2
60/40  107.2(739)  106.2(732)  0.9
30/70  99.2(684)  94.8(654)  4.4
20/80  95.4(658)  91.0(627)  4.6
10/90  91.0(627)  87.9(606)  3.4
35  1/99  86.3(595)  86.0(593)  0.3
C216E/HFC-161
58.8/41.2  148.3(1023)  148.3(1023)  0.0
70/30  147.2(1015)  146.3(1009)  0.6
40  80/20  143.3(988)  139.1(959)  2.9
99/1  105.4(727)  102.2(705)  3.0
50/50  147.8(1019)  147.4(1017)  0.3
40/60  146.4(1010)  144.7(998)  1.2
30/70  144.1(994)  140.6(970)  2.4
45  20/80  140.8(971)  136.3(940)  3.2
1/99  130.9(903)  130.4(899)  0.4
C216E/HFC-245cb
95.1/4.9  100.6(694)  100.6(694)  0.0
50  99/1  100.4(692)  100.4(692)  0.0
70/30  96.9(668)  95.6(659)  1.3
5  60/40  94.1(694)  91.8(633)  2.4
50/50  90.8(626)  87.4(603)  3.7
40/60  87.0(600)  87.9(606)  1.0
30/70  82.8(571)  78.3(540)  5.4
20/80  78.0(538)  74.1(511)  5.0
10  1/99  68.0(469)  68.0(469)  0.0
C-216E2/HFC-32
36.0/64.0  272.4(1878)  272.4(1878)  0.0
15.0/85.0  269.3(1857)  256.1(1766)  4.9
15  1.0/99.0  250.4(1726)  246.8(1702)  1.4
60.0/40.0  269.3(1857)  261.3(1802)  3.0
80.0/20.0  250.6(1728)  179.7(1239)  28.3
70.0/30.0  263.9(1820)  238.7(1646)  9.5
71.0/29.0  263.0(1813)  235.0(1620)  10.6
20
C-216E2/HFC-134
60.5/39.5  88.6(611)  88.6(611)  0.0
80.0/20.0  86.7(598)  85.9(592)  0.9
99.0/1.0  77.6(535)  77.3(533)  0.4
25  40.0/60.0  87.2(601)  86.4(596)  0.9
20.0/80.0  83.2(574)  81.4(561)  2.2
1.0/99.0  76.5(527)  76.3(526)  0.3
C-216E2/HFC-134a
30  20.6/79.4  99.0(683)  99.0(683)  0.0
1.0/99.0  98.3(678)  98.3(678)  0.0
50.0/50.0  97.2(670)  96.8(667)  0.4
80.0/20.0  89.6(618)  87.6(604)  2.2
99.0/1.0  77.6(535)  77.3(533)  0.4
35
C-216E2/HFC-143
87.1/12.9  82.9(572)  82.9(572)  0.0
99.0/1.0  78.1(538)  77.5(534)  0.8
50.0/50.0  77.2(532)  55.6(383)  28.0
40  70.0/30.0  80.8(557)  78.5(541)  2.8
60.0/40.0  79.0(545)  73.1(504)  7.5
58.0/42.0  78.7(543)  71.2(491)  9.5
57.0/43.0  78.5(541)  70.1(483)  10.7
45  C-216E2/HFC-152a
60.5/39.5  95.6(659)  95.6(659)  0.0
80.0/20.0  93.2(643)  92.1(635)  1.2
99.0/1.0  78.4(541)  77.7(536)  0.9
40.0/60.0  94.2(649)  93.5(645)  0.7
50  20.0/80.0  90.9(627)  89.5(617)  1.5
1.0/99.0  86.1(594)  85.9(592)  0.2
5
C-216E2/HFC-161
45.7/54.3  138.3(954)  138.3(954)  0.0
20.0/80.0  135.8(936)  134.6(928)  0.9
1.0/99.0  130.6(900)  130.4(899)  0.2
10  60.0/40.0  137.3(947)  136.4(940)  0.7
80.0/20.0  129.0(889)  120.3(829)  6.7
85.0/15.0  123.7(853)  111.0(765)  10.3
84.0/16.0  124.9(861)  113.1(780)  9.4
15  C-216E2/HFC-245cb
74.7/25.3  81.3(561)  81.3(561)  0.0
99.0/1.0  77.2(532)  77.1(532)  0.1
50.0/50.0  79.3(547)  78.6(542)  0.9
20.0/80.0  73.1(504)  71.8(495)  1.8
20  1.0/99.0  67.7(467)  67.6(466)  0.1
218E/HFC-134
99.0/1.0  87.3(602)  84.7(584)  3.0
80.0/20.0  113.8(785)  109.9(758)  3.4
25  63.3/36.7  116.6(804)  116.6(804)  0
50.0/50.0  115.8(798)  114.5(789)  1.1
35.0/65.0  113.5(783)  102.7(708)  9.5
218E/HFC-134a
30  53.0/47.0  122.3(843)  122.3(843)  0.0
70/30  120.2(829)  117.8(812)  2.0
80/20  115.6(797)  109.1(752)  5.6
99/1  86.8(598)  84.7(584)  2.4
40/60  121.5(838)  120.3(830)  1.0
35  30/70  119.6(825)  115.6(797)  3.3
20/80  116.3(802)  108.0(745)  7.1
1/99  99.9(689)  98.4(679)  1.5
218E/HFC-143
40  99.0/1.0  90.6(625)  84.5(583)  6.7
85.3/14.7  103.7(715)  103.7(715)  0
57.0/43.0  102.4(706)  99.0(683)  3.3
218E/HFC-152a
45  68.2/31.8  124.0(855)  124.0(855)  0.0
80/20  112.4(775)  120.0(828)  6.8
99/1  89.5(617)  85.1(587)  4.9
60/40  123.6(852)  123.0(848)  0.5
50/50  122.6(845)  119.5(824)  2.5
50  40/60  121.0(834)  108.5(748)  10.3
41/59  121.2(836)  110.3(761)  9.0
5
218E/HFC-161
62.6/37.4  170.9(1179)  170.9(1179)  0.0
80/20  167.8(1157)  160.2(1105)  4.5
85/15  163.8(1130)  146.4(1010)  10.6
10  84/16  164.9(1137)  149.9(1034)  9.1
60/40  170.9(1179)  170.8(1178)  0.5
38/62  169.4(1168)  152.3(1050)  10.1
39/61  169.5(1169)  156.5(1079)  7.7
15  218E/HFC-263fb
96.3/3.7  84.0(579)  84.0(579)  0.0
99/1  83.9(578)  83.9(578)  0.0
70/30  80.0(552)  78.5(541)  1.9
40/60  71.6(494)  66.1(456)  7.7
20  23/77  65.4(451)  59.1(407)  9.6
24/76  65.8(454)  59.4(409)  9.7
25/75  66.2(456)  60.2(415)  9.6
10/90  59.5(410)  55.5(383)  6.7
1/99  54.6(376)  54.1(373)  0.9
25
218E2/HFC-134
1.0/99.0  77.1(532)  76.2(525)  1.2
20.0/80.0  86.9(599)  83.1(573)  4.4
36.1/53.9  89.6(618)  89.6(618)  0
30  70.0/30.0  86.8(598)  83.0(572)  4.4
79.0/21.0  83.0(572)  74.8(516)  9.9
218E2/HFC-134a
24.7/75.3  101.1(697)  101.1(697)  0.0
35  10/90  100.2(691)  99.9(689)  0.3
1/99  98.5(679)  98.4(679)  0.1
40/60  100.2(691)  99.6(687)  0.6
50/50  98.7(681)  96.8(667)  1.9
70/30  92.0(634)  84.1(580)  8.6
40  73/27  90.2(622)  81.1(559)  10.1
72/28  90.8(626)  82.1(566)  9.6
218E2/HFC-143
91.0/9.0  70.7(487)  65.0(448)  8.1
45  78.3/21.7  72.6(501)  72.6(501)  0
52.0/48.0  71.8(495)  67.5(465)  6.0
218E2/HFC-152a
51.0/49.0  98.1(676)  98.1(676)  0.0
50  70/30  96.4(665)  93.9(647)  2.6
82/18  91.3(630)  82.0(565)  10.2
5  81/19  92.0(634)  83.5(576)  9.2
40/60  97.7(674)  97.1(670)  0.6
30/70  96.7(667)  94.5(652)  2.3
20/80  94.8(654)  90.5(624)  4.5
10/90  91.5(631)  87.3(602)  4.6
10  1/99  86.5(596)  85.9(592)  0.7
218E2/HFC-161
46.4/53.6  145.1(1001)  145.1(1001)  0.0
60/40  144.4(996)  143.2(988)  0.8
15  77/23  139.4(961)  126.7(874)  9.1
78/22  138.8(957)  124.5(859)  10.3
40/60  145.0(1000)  144.7(998)  0.2
30/70  144.3(995)  142.0(979)  1.6
20/80  142.7(984)  135.6(935)  5.0
20  10/90  139.1(959)  131.3(906)  5.6
1/99  131.5(907)  130.2(898)  1.0
218E2/HFC-236fa
89.8/10.2  52.6(362)  52.6(362)  0.0
25  99/1  52.3(360)  52.4(361)  0.2
70/30  51.8(357)  51.6(356)  0.4
60/40  50.8(350)  50.3(347)  1.0
50/50  49.7(342)  48.8(336)  1.8
30/70  46.6(321)  44.9(309)  3.6
30  20/80  44.6(307)  42.9(296)  3.8
10/90  42.2(291)  41.0(282)  2.8
1/99  39.7(273)  39.5(272)  0.5
218E2/HFC-263fb
35  60.5/39.5  57.9(399)  57.9(399)  0.0
70/30  57.7(398)  57.7(398)  0.0
90/10  55.4(382)  55.1(380)  0.5
99/1  52.7(363)  52.6(362)  0.2
50/50  57.7(398)  57.7(398)  0.0
40  30/70  56.7(391)  56.5(389)  0.4
20/80  56.0(386)  56.0(386)  0.0
10/90  55.0(379)  54.8(378)  0.4
1/99  54.1(373)  54.1(373)  0.0
45  C-225eEαβ/HFC-143
55.9/44.1  38.0(262)  38.0(262)  0.0
80.0/20.0  36.7(253)  36.1(249)  1.6
99.0/1.0  31.6(218)  31.4(216)  0.6
20.0/80.0  36.1(249)  35.4(244)  1.9
50  1.0/99.0  33.3(230)  33.2(229(  0.3
5  C-225eEαβ/HFC-236cb
16.7/83.3  33.7(232)  33.7(232)  0.0
1.0/99.0  33.6(232)  33.6(232)  0.0
50.0/50.0  33.3(230)  33.3(230)  0.0
80.0/20.0  32.3(223)  32.2(222)  0.3
10  99.0/1.0  31.2(215)  31.2(215)  0.0
C-225eEαβ/HFC-236ea
91.5/8.5  31.1(214)  31.1(214)  0.0
99.0/1.0  31.1(214)  31.1(214)  0.0
15  60.0/40.0  30.8(212)  30.8(212)  0.0
40.0/60.0  30.4(210)  30.3(209)  0.3
20.0/80.0  29.7(205)  29.6(204)  0.3
1.0/99.0  28.8(199)  28.8(199)  0.0
20  C-225eEαβ/HFC-245cb
22.4/77.6  70.1(483)  70.1(483)  0.0
1.0/99.0  67.7(467)  67.6(466)  0.1
50.0/50.0  67.7(467)  65.7(453)  3.0
60.0/40.0  66.0(455)  61.7(425)  6.5
25  65.0/35.0  65.0(448)  58.5(403)  10.0
227caEαβ/HFC-32
17.9/82.1  253.4(1748)  253.4(1748)  0.0
10/90  252.8(1744)  251.8(1737)  0.4
30  1/99  247.9(1710)  247.1(1705)  0.3
40/60  251.3(1734)  248.0(1711)  1.3
60/40  244.7(1688)  223.4(1541)  8.7
61/39  244.0(1683)  221.0(1524)  9.4
62/38  243.4(1679)  218.2(1505)  10.4
35
227caEαβ/HFC-143
99.0/1.0  43.0(296)  41.8(288)  2.8
95.0/5.0  47.6(328)  44.4(306)  6.7
70.9/29.1  53.7(370)  53.7(370)  0
40  42.0/58.0  52.0(359)  46.9(323)  9.8
227caEαβ/HFC-245cb
8.1/91.9  67.5(465)  67.5(465)  0.0
1/99  67.4(465)  67.4(465)  0.0
45  30/70  66.7(460)  66.5(458)  0.3
50/50  64.5(445)  63.4(437)  1.7
70/30  60.2(415)  56.8(391)  5.6
77/23  57.9(399)  53.2(367)  8.1
80/20  56.6(390)  51.5(355)  9.0
50  82/18  55.8(385)  50.3(347)  9.8
83/17  55.3(381)  49.7(342)  10.1
5
227caEαβ/HFC-272ca
94.3/5.7  41.4(285)  41.4(285)  0.0
99/1  41.4(285)  41.4(285)  0.0
80/20  41.0(282)  41.0(282)  0.0
10  60/40  39.7(273)  39.4(271)  0.8
40/60  38.1(262)  37.6(259)  1.3
20/80  36.4(251)  35.9(247)  1.4
10/90  35.5(245)  35.2(242)  0.8
1/99  34.6(238)  34.6(238)  0.0
15
227caEαβ/HFC-281ea
31.5/68.5  47.4(327)  47.4(327)  0.0
20/80  47.3(326)  47.3(326)  0.0
10/90  47.2(325)  47.2(325)  0.0
20  1/99  47.1(325)  47.1(325)  0.0
50/50  47.2(325)  47.2(325)  0.0
70/30  46.5(320)  46.4(320)  0.2
90/10  44.2(305)  43.9(302)  0.7
99/1  41.7(287)  41.6(287)  0.2
25
227caEαβ/HFC-281fa
84.3/15.7  42.4(292)  42.4(292)  0.0
90/10  42.3(291)  42.3(291)  0.0
99/1  41.5(286)  41.5(286)  0.0
30  60/40  41.6(287)  41.4(285)  0.5
40/60  40.3(278)  40.0(276)  0.7
20/80  39.0(269)  38.7(267)  0.8
10/90  38.4(265)  38.2(263)  0.5
1/99  37.8(260)  37.8(260)  0.0
35
227caEβγ/HFC-32
28.4/71.6  269.7(1860)  269.7(1860)  0.0
10/90  268.6(1853)  247.0(1704)  8.0
1/99  255.3(1761)  246.7(1702)  3.4
40  40/60  269.4(1858)  268.8(1854)  0.2
60/40  266.6(1839)  255.3(1761)  4.2
67/33  263.7(1819)  238.6(1646)  9.5
68/32  263.1(1815)  235.0(1621)  10.6
45  227caEβγ/HFC-134
34.8/65.2  82.7(571)  82.7(571)  0.0
10/90  80.0(552)  78.7(543)  1.6
5/95  78.4(541)  77.3(533)  1.4
1/99  76.6(529)  76.3(527)  0.0
50  50/50  81.9(565)  81.1(560)  1.0
60/40  80.3(554)  77.8(537)  3.1
5  70/30  77.3(533)  72.2(498)  6.6
77/23  74.1(511)  66.7(460)  10.0
76/24  74.6(515)  67.6(466)  9.4
227caEβγ/HFC-134a
10  1.9/98.1  98.3(678)  98.3(678)  0.0
1/99  98.3(678)  98.3(678)  0.0
20/80  97.2(670)  96.9(668)  0.3
30/70  95.8(661)  94.8(654)  1.0
50/50  91.0(627)  87.1(601)  4.3
15  68/32  83.3(574)  74.8(516)  10.2
67/33  83.8(578)  75.6(521)  9.8
227caEβγ/HFC-143
91.0/9.0  63.1(435)  57.4(396)  9.0
20  73.8/26.2  66.2(456)  66.2(456)  0
46.0/54.0  65.1(449)  59.1(407)  9.2
227caEβγ/HFC-152a
38.3/61.7  91.4(630)  91.4(630)  0.0
25  20/80  90.4(623)  89.6(618)  0.9
10/90  88.7(612)  87.6(604)  1.2
1/99  86.1(594)  85.9(592)  0.2
60/40  89.8(619)  88.0(607)  2.0
70/30  87.2(601)  82.7(570)  5.2
30  80/20  82.1(566)  73.1(504)  11
78/22  83.4(575)  75.4(520)  9.6
79/21  82.8(571)  74.3(512)  10.2
227caEβγ/HFC-161
35  34.4/65.6  137.5(948)  137.5(948)  0.0
20/80  136.7(943)  135.6(935)  0.8
10/90  134.7(929)  132.6(914)  1.6
1/99  130.8(902)  130.4(899)  0.3
40/60  134.4(927)  137.3(947)  2.2
40  60/40  135.0(931)  131.0(903)  3.0
72/28  130.2(898)  117.8(812)  9.5
73/27  129.6(894)  116.0(800)  10.4
227caEβγ/HFC-263fb
45  32.9/67.1  54.6(376)  54.6(376)  0.0
20/80  54.5(376)  54.5(376)  0.0
10/90  54.3(374)  54.3(374)  0.0
1/99  54.0(372)  54.0(372)  0.0
50/50  54.4(375)  54.4(375)  0.0
50  70/30  53.4(368)  53.2(367)  0.4
90/10  50.9(351)  50.7(349)  0.4
5  99/1  49.0(338)  48.9(337)  0.2
227caEβγ/HFC-272ca
89.0/11.0  49.6(342)  49.6(342)  0.0
99/1  48.9(337)  48.9(337)  0.0
10  60/40  47.1(325)  46.0(317)  2.3
40/60  44.1(304)  41.3(285)  6.3
30/70  42.2(291)  38.9(268)  7.8
20/80  40.1(276)  36.9(254)  8.0
10/90  37.6(259)  35.4(244)  5.9
15  1/99  34.8(240)  34.6(238)  0.6
80/20  49.3(340)  49.2(339)  0.2
227caEβγ/HFC-281ea
73.1/26.9  54.0(372)  54.0(372)  0.0
20  80/20  53.8(371)  53.8(371)  0.0
90/10  52.6(362)  52.3(360)  0.0
99/1  49.3(340)  49.2(339)  0.6
60/40  53.4(368)  53.4(368)  0.2
40/60  52.0(358)  51.4(354)  0.0
25  30/70  51.0(351)  50.1(345)  1.8
10/90  48.6(335)  48.0(331)  1.2
1/99  47.3(326)  47.2(325)  0.2
227caEβγ/HFC-281fa
30  85.9/14.1  51.0(351)  51.0(351)  0.0
90/10  50.9(351)  50.9(351)  0.0
99/1  49.1(338)  49.1(338)  0.0
70/30  50.0(345)  49.5(341)  1.0
40/60  45.9(316)  43.3(298)  5.7
35  30/70  44.2(305)  41.2(284)  6.8
20/80  42.3(291)  39.6(273)  6.4
10/90  40.1(276)  38.5(265)  4.0
1/99  38.0(262)  37.8(260)  0.5
40  227eaE/HFC-32
30.0/70.0  272.3(1878)  272.3(1878)  0.0
20/80  272.1(1877)  270.9(1869)  0.4
10/90  271.2(1871)  246.7(1702)  9.0
1/99  257.1(1774)  246.7(1702)  4.0
45  50/50  271.4(1872)  268.6(1853)  1.0
60/40  269.6(1860)  259.6(1791)  3.7
68/32  266.4(1838)  240.8(1661)  9.6
69/31  265.8(1834)  237.1(1636)  10.8
50  227eaE/HFC-134
1.0/99.0  76.7(529)  76.3(526)  0.5
5  10.0/90.0  80.9(558)  78.9(544)  2.5
38.2/61.8  84.7(584)  84.7(584)  0
60.0/40.0  82.7(570)  80.7(556)  2.4
78.0/22.0  76.4(527)  69.1(476)  9.6
10  227eaE/HFC-134a
9.3/90.7  98.6(680)  98.6(680)  0.0
1/99  98.3(678)  98.3(678)  0.0
30/70  97.2(670)  96.5(665)  0.7
40/60  95.5(659)  93.8(647)  1.8
15  60/40  89.6(618)  83.9(578)  6.4
70/30  84.6(583)  76.2(525)  9.0
71/29  84.0(579)  75.3(519)  10.4
227eaE/HFC-143
20  92.0/8.0  65.4(451)  59.1(408)  9.6
74.9/25.1  68.9(475)  68.9(475)  0.0
47.0/53.0  67.7(469)  61.7(426)  8.9
80.0/20.0  68.8(475)  68.4(472)  0.6
93.0/7.0  64.6(451)  57.7(398)  10.7
25  60.0/40.0  68.4(446)  67.6(466)  1.2
50.0/50.0  67.9(472)  65.2(450)  4.0
46.0/54.0  67.7(474)  59.0(407)  12.8
227eaE/HFC-152a
30  42.1/57.9  93.2(643)  93.2(643)  0.0
20/80  91.6(632)  90.3(623)  1.4
10/90  89.4(616)  87.8(605)  1.8
1/99  86.2(594)  85.9(592)  0.3
60/40  92.0(634)  90.7(625)  1.4
35  70/30  89.7(618)  85.8(592)  4.3
80/20  84.9(585)  76.5(527)  9.9
81/19  84.2(581)  75.2(518)  10.7
30/70  92.8(640)  92.3(636)  0.5
40  227eaE/HFC-161
37.5/62.5  139.5(962)  139.5(962)  0.0
20/80  138.3(954)  136.4(941)  1.4
10/90  135.8(937)  132.6(914)  2.4
1/99  131.0(903)  130.3(899)  0.5
45  60/40  137.5(948)  134.2(926)  2.4
70/30  134.2(926)  124.8(866)  7.0
73/27  132.6(914)  120.1(828)  9.4
74/26  131.9(910)  118.3(816)  10.3
30/70  139.3(961)  139.0(959)  0.2
50
227eaE/HFC-263fb
5  49.3/50.7  55.7(384)  55.7(384)  0.0
30/70  55.4(382)  55.3(381)  0.2
20/80  55.0(379)  55.0(379)  0.0
10/90  54.6(376)  54.5(376)  0.2
1/99  54.1(373)  54.0(372)  0.2
10  70/30  55.2(380)  55.1(380)  0.2
80/20  54.4(375)  54.3(374)  0.2
90/10  53.2(367)  53.0(365)  0.4
99/1  51.5(355)  51.5(355)  0.0
15  227eaE/HFC-272ca
90.7/9.3  52.0(358)  52.0(358)  0.0
99/1  51.4(354)  51.4(354)  0.0
70/30  50.3(347)  49.6(342)  1.4
50/50  47.3(326)  44.7(308)  5.5
20  35/65  44.5(307)  40.4(278)  9.2
30/70  43.4(299)  39.1(269)  9.9
29/71  43.2(298)  38.8(267)  10.2
80/20  51.4(354)  51.2(353)  0.4
25  227eaE/HFC-281ea
76.8/23.2  55.9(385)  55.9(385)  0.0
90/10  54.9(378)  54.7(377)  0.4
99/1  51.8(357)  51.7(356)  0.2
60/40  55.2(380)  54.8(378)  0.7
30  40/60  53.2(367)  52.1(359)  2.1
30/70  51.9(358)  50.6(349)  2.5
20/80  50.4(347)  49.2(339)  2.4
10/90  48.9(337)  48.1(331)  1.6
1/99  47.3(326)  47.2(325)  0.2
35
227eaE/HFC-281fa
87.6/12.4  53.3(367)  53.3(367)  0.0
99/1  51.7(356)  51.6(356)  0.2
60/40  50.5(348)  48.9(337)  3.2
40  40/60  47.2(325)  43.7(301)  7.4
30/70  45.2(311)  41.4(285)  8.4
20/80  43.0(296)  39.6(273)  7.9
10/90  40.5(279)  38.4(265)  5.2
1/99  38.0(262)  37.8(260)  0.5
45  70/30  51.9(358)  51.2(353)  1.3
C-234fEαβ/HFC-245cb
13.5/86.5  69.9(482)  69.9(482)  0.0
1.0/99.0  67.9(468)  67.7(467)  0.3
50  40.0/60.0  67.6(466)  65.6(452)  3.0
50.0/50.0  66.4(458)  63.6(439)  4.2
5  55.0/45.0  65.9(454)  62.0(427)  5.9
57.0/43.0  65.7(453)  60.7(419)  7.6
58.0/42.0  65.6(452)  59.5(410)  9.3
59.0/41.0  65.5(452)  57.5(396)  12.2
10  C-234fEαβ/HFC-245eb
49.1/50.9  17.6(121)  17.6(121)  0.0
20.0/80.0  17.3(119)  17.3(119)  0.0
1.0/99.0  16.9(117)  16.9(117)  0.0
80.0/20.0  17.3(119)  17.3(119)  0.0
15  99.0/1.0  16.8(116)  16.8(116)  0.0
C-234fEαβ/HFC-356mff
59.0/41.0  18.8(130)  18.8(130)  0.0
80.0/20.0  18.4(127)  18.2(125)  1.1
20  99.0/1.0  16.9(117)  16.8(116)  0.6
40.0/60.0  18.5(128)  18.3(126)  1.1
20.0/80.0  17.3(119)  16.8(116)  2.9
10.0/90.0  16.2(112)  15.7(108)  3.1
1.0/99.0  14.8(102)  14.8(102)  0.0
25
C-234fEαβ/HFC-356mmz
50.1/49.9  20.1(139)  20.1(139)  0.0
20.0/80.0  19.1(132)  18.7(129)  2.1
1.0/99.0  16.8(116)  16.7(115)  0.6
30  80.0/20.0  19.2(132)  18.7(129)  2.6
99.0/1.0  16.9(117)  16.8(116)  0.6
C-234fEβγ/HFC-245cb
10.2/89.8  69.1(476)  69.1(476)  0.0
35  1.0/99.0  67.8(467)  67.7(467)  0.1
40.0/60.0  66.4(458)  64.4(444)  3.0
50.0/50.0  65.4(451)  62.7(432)  4.1
55.0/45.0  65.0(448)  61.0(421)  6.2
58.0/42.0  64.7(446)  52.6(363)  18.7
40  57.0/43.0  64.8(447)  57.9(399)  10.6
56.0/44.0  64.9(447)  60.0(414)  7.6
C-234fEβγ/HFC-245ca
33.6/66.4  14.5(100)  14.5(100)  0.0
45  15.0/85.0  14.4(99)  14.4(99)  0.0
1.0/99.0  14.2(98)  14.2(98)  0.0
60.0/40.0  14.3(99)  14.3(99)  0.0
80.0/20.0  13.9(96)  13.9(96)  0.0
99.0/1.0  13.3(92)  13.3(92)  0.0
50
C-234fEβγ/HFC-245ea
5  36.0/64.0  14.5(100)  14.5(100)  0.0
15.0/85.0  14.4(99)  14.4(99)  0.0
1.0/99.0  14.2(98)  14.2(98)  0.0
60.0/40.0  14.4(99)  14.3(99)  0.7
80.0/20.0  14.0(97)  13.9(96)  0.7
10  99.0/1.0  13.3(92)  13.3(92)  0.0
C-234fEβγ/HFC-254ca
36.0/64.0  13.8(95)  13.8(95)  0.0
15.0/85.0  13.8(95)  13.8(95)  0.0
15  1.0/99.0  13.7(94)  13.7(94)  0.0
60.0/40.0  13.8(95)  13.8(95)  0.0
80.0/20.0  13.6(94)  13.6(94)  0.0
99.0/1.0  13.3(92)  13.3(92)  0.0
20  C-234fEβγ/HFC-356mff
43.1/56.9  17.1(118)  17.1(118)  0.0
20.0/80.0  16.5(114)  16.3(112)  1.2
1.0/99.0  14.8(102)  14.8(102)  0.0
70.0/30.0  16.5(114)  16.0(110)  3.0
25  90.0/10.0  15.0(103)  14.0(97)  6.7
99.0/1.0  13.5(93)  13.3(92)  1.5
C-234fEβγ/HFC-356mmz
35.8/64.2  18.6(128)  18.6(128)  0.0
30  15.0/85.0  18.0(124)  17.8(123)  1.1
1.0/99.0  16.7(115)  16.7(115)  0.0
60.0/40.0  18.1(125)  17.6(121)  2.8
80.0/20.0  16.8(116)  15.3(105)  8.9
85.0/15.0  16.2(112)  14.5(100)  10.5
35  83.0/17.0  16.5(114)  14.8(102)  10.3
82.0/18.0  16.6(114)  15.0(103)  9.6
236caE/HFC-143
60.0/40.0  30.4(210)  27.4(189)  9.9
12.0/88.0  33.4(230)  33.4(231)  0.0
40  10.0/90.0  33.4(230)  33.4(230)  0.0
1.0/99.0  33.1(228)  33.1(228)  0.0
5.0/95.0  33.3(230)  33.3(230)  0.0
30.0/70.0  33.0(228)  33.0(228)  0.0
40.0/60.0  32.4(224)  31.7(219)  2.2
45  61.0/39.0  30.3(209)  27.1(187)10.6
236caE/HFC-245ca
1.0/99.0  14.2(98)  14.2(98)  0.0
10.0/90.0  14.1(97)  14.1(97)  0.0
50  20.0/80.0  14.0(97)  14.0(97)  0.0
30.0/70.0  13.9(96)  13.9(96)  0.0
5  40.0/60.0  13.8(95)  13.7(94)  0.7
50.0/50.0  13.6(94)  13.6(94)  0.0
60.0/40.0  13.5(93)  13.4(92)  0.7
70.0/30.0  13.3(92)  13.3(92)  0.0
80.0/20.0  13.2(91)  13.2(91)  0.0
10  90.0/10.0  13.1(90)  13.0(90)  0.8
99.0/1.0  12.9(89)  12.9(89)  0.0
236caE/HFC-254ca
15  17.6/82.4  13.7(94)  13.7(94)  0.0
10/90  13.7(94)  13.7(94)  0.0
1/99  13.7(94)  13.7(94)  0.0
30/70  13.7(94)  13.7(94)  0.0
50/50  13.6(93)  13.6(93)  0.0
20  70/30  13.4(92)  13.4(92)  0.0
90/10  13.1(90)  13.1(90)  0.0
99/1  13.0(89)  13.0(89)  0.0
40/60  13.7(94)  13.7(94)  0.0
25  236eaEβγ/HFC-143
66.0/34.0  32.1(221)  29.1(201)  9.3
25.9/74.1  34.6(239)  34.6(239)  0
10.0/90.0  34.1(235)  33.9(234)  0.6
1.0/99.0  33.2(229)  33.2(229)  0
30
236eaEβγ/HFC-245ca
1.0/99.0  14.7(101)  14.7(101)  0.0
10.0/90.0  15.0(103)  15.0(103)  0.0
20.0/80.0  15.4(106)  15.3(105)  0.6
35  30.0/70.0  15.6(108)  15.6(108)  0.0
40.0/60.0  15.8(109)  15.8(109)  0.0
50.0/50.0  16.0(110)  16.0(110)  0.0
60.0/40.0  16.1(111)  16.1(111)  0.0
69.1/30.9  16.1(111)  16.1(111)  0.0
40  80.0/20.0  16.1(111)  16.1(111)  0.0
90.0/10.0  15.9(110)  15.9(110)  0.0
99.0/1.0  15.7(108)  15.7(108)  0.0
236eaEβγ/HFC-263ca
45  4.1/95.9  18.2(125)  18.2(125)  0.0
1/99  18.2(125)  18.2(125)  0.0
30/70  18.1(124)  18.1(124)  0.0
50/50  17.9(123)  17.8(122)  0.6
70/30  17.3(119)  17.2(118)  0.6
50  90/10  16.4(113)  16.3(112)  0.6
99/1  15.8(109)  15.8(109)  0.0
5
236eaEβγ/HFC-338mf
92.6/7.4  16.2(111)  16.1(111)  0.6
99/1  15.8(109)  15.7(108)  0.6
70/30  17.4(120)  17.2(118)  1.1
10  50/50  18.1(124)  18.0(124)  0.6
40/60  18.4(127)  18.4(127)  0.0
30/70  18.6(128)  18.6(128)  0.0
10/90  18.8(129)  18.8(129)  0.0
1/99  18.8(129)  18.8(129)  0.0
15
236eaEβγ/HFC-356mff
1.0/99.0  14.9(103)  14.9(103)  0.0
10.0/90.0  15.1(104)  15.1(104)  0.0
20.0/80.0  15.2(105)  15.2(105)  0.0
20  30.0/70.0  15.3(106)  15.3(106)  0.0
40.0/60.0  15.4(106)  15.4(106)  0.0
50.0/50.0  15.5(107)  15.5(107)  0.0
60.0/40.0  15.6(108)  15.6(108)  0.0
70.0/30.0  15.6(108)  15.6(108)  0.0
25  80.0/20.0  15.7(108)  15.7(108)  0.0
90.0/10.0  15.7(108)  15.7(108)  0.0
96.9/3.1  15.7(108)  15.7(108)  0.0
99.0/1.0  15.7(108)  15.7(108)  0.0
30  236eaEβγ/HFC-356mmz
15.1/84.9  16.6(114)  16.6(114)  0.0
1/99  16.6(114)  16.6(114)  0.0
30/70  16.6(114)  16.6(114)  0.0
50/50  16.5(113)  16.5(113)  0.0
35  70/30  16.2(111)  16.2(111)  0.0
90/10  15.9(109)  15.9(109)  0.0
99/1  15.7(108)  15.7(108)  0.0
236faE/HFC-32
40  8.5/91.5  248.6(1715)  248.6(1715)  0.0
1/99  247.2(1705)  247.0(1704)  0.1
20/80  247.5(1707)  246.5(1700)  0.4
40/60  243.5(1680)  236.4(1631)  2.9
50/50  240.0(1656)  224.0(1545)  6.7
45  55/45  237.3(1637)  213.8(1475)  9.9
56/44  236.7(1633)  211.3(1458)  10.7
5  236faE/HFC-143
84.0/16.0  42.2(291)  38.2(264)  9.5
56.9/43.1  45.1(311)  45.1(311)  0.0
30.0/70.0  43.8(302)  40.4(279)  7.8
28.0/72.0  43.6(301)  39.5(272)  9.4
10  40.0/60.0  44.6(308)  43.6(301)  2.2
27.0/73.0  43.5(300)  39.0(269)  10.3
70.0/30.0  44.6(308)  43.9(303)  1.6
80.0/20.0  43.2(298)  40.5(280)  6.3
86.0/14.0  41.4(286)  37.0(255)  10.6
15  85.0/15.0  41.8(288)  37.6(259)  10.0
236faE/HFC-272ca
27.8/72.2  34.8(240)  34.8(240)  0.0
10/90  34.7(239)  34.7(239)  0.0
20  1/99  34.5(238)  34.5(238)  0.0
40/60  34.7(239)  34.7(239)  0.0
60/40  34.2(236)  34.1(235)  0.3
70/30  33.7(232)  33.5(231)  0.6
90/10  31.6(218)  31.3(216)  0.9
25  99/1  29.8(205)  29.8(205)  0.0
236faE/HFC-272fb
82.3/17.7  30.2(208)  30.2(208)  0.0
99/1  29.7(204)  29.7(204)  0.0
30  70/30  30.0(207)  30.0(207)  0.0
50/50  29.3(202)  29.2(201)  0.3
40/60  28.9(199)  28.6(197)  1.0
30/70  28.3(195)  28.0(193)  1.1
20/80  27.7(191)  27.5(189)  0.7
35  10/90  27.1(187)  26.9(185)  0.7
1/99  26.5(182)  26.5(182)  0.0
236faE/HFC-281fa
9.3/90.7  37.7(260)  37.7(260)  0.0
40  1/99  37.7(260)  37.7(260)  0.0
20/80  37.7(260)  37.7(260)  0.0
40/60  37.4(258)  37.4(258)  0.0
60/40  36.6(252)  36.4(251)  0.5
70/30  35.9(247)  35.6(245)  0.8
45  80/20  34.8(240)  34.2(236)  1.7
90/10  32.9(227)  32.3(222)  1.8
99/1  30.0(207)  29.9(206)  0.3
245faEβγ/HFC-356mff
50  1.0/99.0  14.9(103)  14.9(103)  0.0
4.4/95.6  14.9(103)  14.9(103)  0.0
10.0/90.0  14.9(103)  14.9(103)  0.0
20.0/80.0  14.8(102)  14.8(102)  0.0
30.0/70.0  14.7(101)  14.7(101)  0.0
40.0/60.0  14.6(100)  14.6(100)  0.0
50.0/50.0  14.4(99)  14.3(99)  0.7
60.0/40.0  14.2(98)  14.1(97)  0.7
70.0/30.0  13.9(96)  13.8(95)  0.7
80.0/20.0  13.6(93)  13.4(93)  1.5
90.0/10.0  13.2(91)  13.1(90)  0.8
99.0/1.0  12.8(88)  12.7(88)  0.8
实施例3
制冷性能
下表显示出各种组合物的制冷性能。除所指出的地方外,所有数据均基于以下条件:
蒸发器温度  45.0°F(72℃)
冷凝器温度  130.0°F(54.4℃)
低温冷却温度  15°F
回气温度  65.0°F(18.3℃)
压缩机效率为75%。
表4
Evap.  Cond.  Capacity
Refrig.  Press.  Press.  Comp.Dis.  BTU/min
Comp.  Psia(kPa)  Psia(kPa)  Temp.°F(℃)  COP  (kw)
HCFC-22 90.6(625) 312.6(2155) 212.8(100.4) 3.41  351.3(6.2)
125E/HFC-32
Figure 931067596_IMG13
Figure 931067596_IMG14
Figure 931067596_IMG15
Figure 931067596_IMG16
Figure 931067596_IMG17
Figure 931067596_IMG18
Figure 931067596_IMG19
Figure 931067596_IMG20
Figure 931067596_IMG21
Figure 931067596_IMG22
Figure 931067596_IMG23
Figure 931067596_IMG24
Figure 931067596_IMG25
Figure 931067596_IMG26
Figure 931067596_IMG27
Figure 931067596_IMG28
Figure 931067596_IMG29
Figure 931067596_IMG30
Figure 931067596_IMG31
Figure 931067596_IMG33
Figure 931067596_IMG34
Figure 931067596_IMG35
Figure 931067596_IMG36
Figure 931067596_IMG40
Figure 931067596_IMG41
Figure 931067596_IMG42
实施例4
下表显示出各种组合物的制冷性能。数据基于以下条件:
蒸发器温度  40.0°F(4.4℃)
冷凝器温度  100.0°F(37.8℃)
压缩机效率为75%
回气温度  60.0°F
Figure 931067596_IMG43
Figure 931067596_IMG44
Figure 931067596_IMG45
Figure 931067596_IMG46
Figure 931067596_IMG48
Figure 931067596_IMG50
Figure 931067596_IMG51
Figure 931067596_IMG52
Figure 931067596_IMG53
Figure 931067596_IMG54
5.0/95.0 16.4(113) 49.4(341)  113.0(45.0)  5.31  85.7(1.5)
95.0/5.0  6.0(41)  22.0(152)  107.9(42.2)  5.53  38.5(0.7)
245faEβγ/HFC-272ea
5.0/95.0  9.4(65)  30.9(213)  118.9(48.3)  5.55  56.0(1.0)
95.0/5.0  5.6(39)  21.2(146)  107.5(41.9)  5.40  35.7(0.6)
245faEβγ/HFC-272fb
5.0/95.0 12.2(84)  38.9(268)  117.8(47.7)  5.46  69.4(1.2)
95.0/5.0  5.8(40)  21.5(148)  107.3(41.8)  5.50  37.2(0.7)
245faEβγ/HFC-281ea
5.0/95.0 23.1(159) 65.9(454)  118.1(47.8)  5.45  117.8(2.1)
95.0/5.0  6.5(45)  23.6(163)  110.5(43.6)  5.60  42.0(0.7)
245faEβγ/HFC-281fa
5.0/95.0 18.1(125) 53.9(372)  117.9(47.7)  5.48  97.0(1.7)
95.0/5.0  6.3(43)  22.9(158)  109.3(42.9)  5.55  40.2(0.7)
实施例5
下表显示出各种组合物的制冷性能。数据基于以下条件:
蒸发器温度  10.0°F(-12.2℃)
冷凝器温度  90.0°F(32.2℃)
回气温度  30.0°F(-1.1℃)
压缩机效率为75%。
表6
Evap.  Cond.  能力
Refrig.  Press.  Press.  Comp.Dis.  BTU/min
Comp.  Psia(kPa)  Psia(kPa)  Temp.°F(℃)  COP  (kw)
HCFC-22 47.9(330) 183.6(1266) 179.1(81.7) 3.62  217.7(3.8)
116E/HFC-32
Figure 931067596_IMG56
Figure 931067596_IMG57
Figure 931067596_IMG58
5.0/95.0 16.7(115) 68.0(469)  132.1(55.6)  4.17  88.8(1.6)
95.0/5.0 89.7(618) 287.7(1983) 103.1(39.5) 3.08 266.6(4.7)
116E/HFC-281fa
5.0/95.0 14.0(96)  57.7(398)  129.9(54.4)  4.39  78.9(1.4)
95.0/5.0 85.8(591) 273.8(1887) 110.5(43.6) 2.99 249.5(4.4)
实施例6
下表显示出各种组合物的制冷性能。数据基于以下条件:
蒸发器温度  40.0°F(4.4℃)
冷凝器温度  100.0°F(37.8℃)
低温冷却温度  0°F(-17.8℃)
回气温度  40.0°F(4.4℃)
压缩机效率为75%。
表7
Evap.  Cond.  能力
Refrig.  Press.  Press.  Comp.Dis.  BTU/min
Comp.  Psia(kPa)  Psia(kPa)  Temp.°F(℃)  COP  (kw)
236eaEβγ/HFC-245ca
69.1/30.9 6.8(47)  25.2(174)  101.5(38.6)  5.32  42.1(0.7)
236caE/HFC-245ca
16.1/83.9 6.1(42)  23.3(161)  108.3(42.3)  5.41  39.6(0.7)
236eaEβγ/HFC-356mff*
96.9/3.1  6.8(47)  25.2(174)  113.4(45.2)  5.11  40.4(0.7)
*回气温度=55.0°F(12.8℃)
245faEβγ/HFC-356mff*
4.4/95.6  6.5(45)  23.2(160)  108.5(42.5)  5.04  36.8(0.6)
*回气温度=55.0°F(12.8℃)
下列化合物有指示HGWP(所有HGWP值均相对于CFC-11=1.0)。HGWP相对于CFC-11的HGWP被测定如下:
HGWP=(IR吸收(A)/IR吸收(CFC-11))×
(t(A)/t(CFC-11))×
(质量(CFC-11)/质量(A))
这里A是被分析气体;
IR吸收为在研究区域中截面的总红外吸收,即这里水和CO2不吸收;
t=大气的生存时间;以及
质量=原子质子
化合物  HGWP
HFC-125  0.84
HFC-134  ≈0.28
HFC-134a  0.28
HFC-143a  1.1
FC-218  >10
134E  ≈0.1
143aE  ≈0.2
制备氟代醚和HFC的组合物并且组合物具指示HGWP。
组合物  HGWP
(wt.%/wt/%)
134E/HFC-125  0.25
(80.0/20.0)
134E/HFC-125  0.5
(46.0/54.0)
134E/HFC-134  0.14
(80.0/20.0)
134E/HFC-134a  0.14
(80.0/20.0)
134E/HFC-143a  0.3
(80.0/20.0)
143aE/HFC-125  0.33
(80.0/20.0)
143aE/HFC-143a  0.38
(80.0/20.0)
143aE/HFC-125  0.5
(53.0/47.0)
143aE/HFC-134  0.22
(80.0/20.0)
143aE/HFC-134a  0.22
(80.0/20.0)
本发明包括共沸或类共沸物组合物的新组合物可以通过在待冷却物体附近冷凝该组合物然后再蒸发冷凝液来产生制冷作用。新组合物也可以用来产生热,这是通过在待加热的物体附近冷凝制冷剂然后再将制冷剂蒸发来完成的。
除制冷应用外,本发明新的恒沸或基本上恒沸的组合物也可以用作气雾剂推进剂、热交换介质、气体电介质、灭火剂、聚乙烯和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨胀剂和动力循环工作流体。
也可以将添加剂如润滑剂,腐蚀抑制剂、稳定剂、染料和其它适当的东西加到本发明新的组合物中以用于多种用途,但条件是:它们对组合物的预期的应用没有不利的影响。优选的润滑剂包括分子量在250以上的酯类。

Claims (4)

1、制冷剂组合物,包括:
(a)式CaFbH2a+2-bO它的环或无环氟代醚或CF3OCF2CF3,式中a=2或3并且b=3、4、6、7或8以及当a=3时b=5;和
(b)式CnFmH2n+2-m的氟代烃,式中1≤n≤4和1≤m≤8。
2、由重量百分数为1-49的CHF2OCF3和重量百分数为51-99的式CnFmH2n+2-m氟代烃组成的制冷剂组合物,式中1≤n≤4并且1≤m≤8。
3、含有效量以下化合物生成的共沸或类共沸物组合物。
amounts of:| 116E和 HFC-32,HFC-41,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a或HFC-161;125E和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a或HFC-161;134E和HFC-143,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245cb,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-338mf或HFC-356mff;134aE和HFC-143,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;143aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;C216E和
Figure 931067596_IMG2
HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;C-216E2和
Figure 931067596_IMG3
HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,和 HFC-245cb;218E和
Figure 931067596_IMG5
HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-263fb;218E2和
Figure 931067596_IMG6
HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-236fa或HFC-263fb;C-225eEαβ和HFC-143,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,和HFC-245cb;227caEαβ和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-245cb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227caEβγ和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227eaE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;236caE和HFC-143,HFC-245ca或HFC-254ca;C-234fEαβ和HFC-245cb,HFC-245eb,HFC-356mff和HFC-356mmz;C-234fEβγ和HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-254ca或HFC-356mmz;236eaEβγ和HFC-143,HFC-245ca,HFC-263ca,HFC-338mf,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;236faE和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-272ca,HFC-272fb or HFC-281fa;或245faEβγ和HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz
azeotropic  or  azeotrope-like  composition.
4、含有效量的第一成分和第二成分的组合物,其中第一成分包括氟代烃,并且第二成分包括氟代醚并且其卤化碳全球变暖能力小于第一成分的卤化碳全球变暖能力,这样就使组合物的卤化碳全球变暖能力低于第一成分的卤化碳全球变暖能力。
CN93106759A 1992-05-28 1993-05-28 氟代醚和氟代烃组合物 Pending CN1082088A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US89050892A 1992-05-28 1992-05-28
US890,508 1992-05-28
US95499992A 1992-10-01 1992-10-01
US954,999 1992-10-01
US026,714 1993-03-05
US08/026,714 US5605882A (en) 1992-05-28 1993-03-05 Azeotrope(like) compositions of pentafluorodimethyl ether and difluoromethane

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1082088A true CN1082088A (zh) 1994-02-16

Family

ID=27362830

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN93106759A Pending CN1082088A (zh) 1992-05-28 1993-05-28 氟代醚和氟代烃组合物

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (8) US5605882A (zh)
EP (1) EP0642560B1 (zh)
JP (2) JPH07507342A (zh)
CN (1) CN1082088A (zh)
AT (1) ATE177137T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU4250093A (zh)
BR (1) BR9306614A (zh)
CA (1) CA2136180A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69323743T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2130267T3 (zh)
MX (1) MX9303120A (zh)
TW (1) TW263527B (zh)
WO (1) WO1993024586A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (88)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9200523D0 (en) * 1992-01-10 1992-02-26 Ici Plc Compositions useful as refrigerants
GB9200521D0 (en) * 1992-01-10 1992-02-26 Ici Plc Compositions useful as refrigerants
US5605882A (en) * 1992-05-28 1997-02-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Azeotrope(like) compositions of pentafluorodimethyl ether and difluoromethane
US5762818A (en) * 1992-07-15 1998-06-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions which include 1,1,2,2- tetrafluoroethane and fluoroethane
US5480572A (en) * 1993-06-16 1996-01-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions including a three carbon cyclic fluoroether
US5658962A (en) * 1994-05-20 1997-08-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Omega-hydrofluoroalkyl ethers, precursor carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof, and their preparation and application
US5562854A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-10-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Octafluorobutane compositions
US5718293A (en) * 1995-01-20 1998-02-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fire extinguishing process and composition
US5925611A (en) * 1995-01-20 1999-07-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Cleaning process and composition
US6548471B2 (en) 1995-01-20 2003-04-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Alkoxy-substituted perfluorocompounds
US6506459B2 (en) 1995-01-20 2003-01-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Coating compositions containing alkoxy substituted perfluoro compounds
WO1996040834A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-19 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Refrigerants based on hydrofluoroether of fluoroether
US5985939A (en) * 1995-10-11 1999-11-16 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Processes for producing aerosol propellants that include butane or isobutane
EP0882124B1 (en) 1995-12-15 2002-04-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Cleaning process and composition
IT1283203B1 (it) * 1996-03-07 1998-04-16 Ausimont Spa Composizioni estinguenti la fiamma
US5730894A (en) * 1996-04-16 1998-03-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutane azeotropic (like) compositions
US6043201A (en) * 1996-09-17 2000-03-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Composition for cutting and abrasive working of metal
US5839311A (en) * 1996-09-17 1998-11-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Composition to aid in the forming of metal
US6294508B1 (en) 1996-09-17 2001-09-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Composition comprising lubricious additive for cutting or abrasive working and a method therefor
US6261472B1 (en) * 1996-11-04 2001-07-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Azeotrope-like compositions containing fluoroethane
US6376727B1 (en) 1997-06-16 2002-04-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Processes for the manufacture of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropene, 2-chloro-pentafluoropropene and compositions comprising saturated derivatives thereof
GB9708240D0 (en) * 1997-04-23 1997-06-11 Nycomed Imaging As Improvements in or relating to contrast agents
US6045588A (en) * 1997-04-29 2000-04-04 Whirlpool Corporation Non-aqueous washing apparatus and method
US7534304B2 (en) * 1997-04-29 2009-05-19 Whirlpool Corporation Non-aqueous washing machine and methods
US5788886A (en) * 1997-05-05 1998-08-04 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Pentafluoropropane compositions
IT1293327B1 (it) * 1997-07-11 1999-02-16 Ausimont Spa Composizioni refrigeranti
IT1293326B1 (it) * 1997-07-11 1999-02-16 Ausimont Spa Composizioni refrigeranti
US6107267A (en) * 1997-08-25 2000-08-22 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions comprising CF3 CF2 CHF2 and their manufacture
US6224781B1 (en) 1997-08-25 2001-05-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions comprising hydrofluorocarbons and their manufacture
US5974689A (en) * 1997-09-23 1999-11-02 Gary W. Farrell Chemical drying and cleaning system
US6462228B1 (en) 1997-12-22 2002-10-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Process for preparation of fluorinated sulfinates
US6080448A (en) * 1998-04-03 2000-06-27 Preservation Technologies Lp Deacidification of cellulose based materials using hydrofluoroether carriers
IT1302028B1 (it) * 1998-08-19 2000-07-20 Ausimont Spa Composizioni espandenti
IT1302027B1 (it) * 1998-08-19 2000-07-20 Ausimont Spa Composizioni azeotropiche o quasi azeotropiche a base diidrofluoropolieteri
US6041620A (en) * 1998-12-30 2000-03-28 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic industrial gas liquefaction with hybrid refrigeration generation
US6327866B1 (en) 1998-12-30 2001-12-11 Praxair Technology, Inc. Food freezing method using a multicomponent refrigerant
US6176102B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2001-01-23 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for providing refrigeration
US6546740B1 (en) 2000-05-19 2003-04-15 Clemson University Ternary refrigerant compositions which contain perfluoroorgano sulfur compounds as replacements for R-22
US6574973B1 (en) 2000-05-19 2003-06-10 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Ternary refrigerant compositions containing fluorinated ethers as replacements for R-22
ATE313051T1 (de) 2000-06-28 2005-12-15 Helix Tech Corp Nichtentflammbare gemischte kältemittel zur verwendung mit einem drosselkühlkreislauf mit sehr niedriger temperatur
GB0016876D0 (en) * 2000-07-11 2000-08-30 Astrazeneca Ab Novel formulation
AU2002237679B2 (en) * 2000-11-17 2007-08-16 Great Lakes Chemical Corporation Fire extinguishing methods utilizing hydrofluoroethers
US6849194B2 (en) 2000-11-17 2005-02-01 Pcbu Services, Inc. Methods for preparing ethers, ether compositions, fluoroether fire extinguishing systems, mixtures and methods
US6537384B2 (en) * 2001-02-06 2003-03-25 General Electric Company Composition and method for engine cleaning
US7478540B2 (en) * 2001-10-26 2009-01-20 Brooks Automation, Inc. Methods of freezeout prevention and temperature control for very low temperature mixed refrigerant systems
US6770614B2 (en) 2002-06-03 2004-08-03 Crc Industries, Inc. Cleaner for electronic parts and method for using the same
WO2005008819A2 (en) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-27 Dupont Canada Inc. Evaporative coolants having low dielectric constant for use in fuel cells & other electrochemical reactor stacks
WO2005007771A1 (en) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-27 Dupont Canada Inc. Coolant liquids having a low dielectric constant and high resistivity for use in fuel cells & other electrochemical reactor stacks
US7513004B2 (en) * 2003-10-31 2009-04-07 Whirlpool Corporation Method for fluid recovery in a semi-aqueous wash process
US20050091755A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Conrad Daniel C. Non-aqueous washing machine & methods
US20050150059A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-07-14 Luckman Joel A. Non-aqueous washing apparatus and method
US20050096243A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Luckman Joel A. Fabric laundering using a select rinse fluid and wash fluids
US20050222002A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-10-06 Luckman Joel A Method for a semi-aqueous wash process
US7695524B2 (en) * 2003-10-31 2010-04-13 Whirlpool Corporation Non-aqueous washing machine and methods
US20050096242A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Luckman Joel A. Method for laundering fabric with a non-aqueous working fluid using a select rinse fluid
US7739891B2 (en) * 2003-10-31 2010-06-22 Whirlpool Corporation Fabric laundering apparatus adapted for using a select rinse fluid
JP5452845B2 (ja) * 2004-01-28 2014-03-26 ブルックス オートメーション インコーポレイテッド 混合不活性成分冷媒を使用する冷媒サイクル
US7943567B2 (en) 2004-01-30 2011-05-17 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Production processes and systems, compositions, surfactants, monomer units, metal complexes, phosphate esters, glycols, aqueous film forming foams, and foam stabilizers
US20050224099A1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-13 Luckman Joel A Method and apparatus for cleaning objects in an automatic cleaning appliance using an oxidizing agent
US7837741B2 (en) 2004-04-29 2010-11-23 Whirlpool Corporation Dry cleaning method
US7966684B2 (en) * 2005-05-23 2011-06-28 Whirlpool Corporation Methods and apparatus to accelerate the drying of aqueous working fluids
US7385089B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2008-06-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Fluorochemical ketone compounds and processes for their use
JP5139665B2 (ja) 2006-11-02 2013-02-06 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP5179043B2 (ja) 2006-11-06 2013-04-10 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機油組成物
FR2912420B1 (fr) * 2007-02-12 2012-08-17 Arkema France Fluide frigorigene a base de perfluorodimethoxymethane.
BRPI0810112B1 (pt) 2007-04-18 2018-04-24 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. “Composição de óleo lubrificante para refrigeradores que usam refrigerante”
JP5226242B2 (ja) 2007-04-18 2013-07-03 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP5363980B2 (ja) * 2007-06-12 2013-12-11 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物及びこれを用いた圧縮機
JP2008308610A (ja) 2007-06-15 2008-12-25 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 冷凍機油組成物
US8318656B2 (en) 2007-07-03 2012-11-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Production processes and systems, compositions, surfactants, monomer units, metal complexes, phosphate esters, glycols, aqueous film forming foams, and foam stabilizers
US7736529B2 (en) * 2007-10-12 2010-06-15 Honeywell International Inc Azeotrope-like compositions containing sulfur hexafluoride and uses thereof
EP2236589B1 (en) 2007-11-22 2016-09-21 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition for refrigerating machine
CN101970624A (zh) 2007-11-22 2011-02-09 出光兴产株式会社 冷冻机用润滑油组合物及使用该组合物的压缩机
US20090176148A1 (en) * 2008-01-04 2009-07-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Thermal management of electrochemical cells
JP5241262B2 (ja) 2008-02-15 2013-07-17 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP5241261B2 (ja) * 2008-02-15 2013-07-17 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP5241263B2 (ja) 2008-02-15 2013-07-17 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP5612250B2 (ja) 2008-03-07 2014-10-22 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
US8563115B2 (en) 2008-08-12 2013-10-22 Xerox Corporation Protective coatings for solid inkjet applications
US8191992B2 (en) * 2008-12-15 2012-06-05 Xerox Corporation Protective coatings for solid inkjet applications
JP5466556B2 (ja) 2010-03-25 2014-04-09 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP5466555B2 (ja) 2010-03-25 2014-04-09 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP5914066B2 (ja) 2012-03-12 2016-05-11 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP5987497B2 (ja) * 2012-06-27 2016-09-07 セントラル硝子株式会社 フッ素化エーテルを含む熱伝達作動媒体
EP2747092A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 Solvay SA A method for dielectrically insulating active electric parts
JP6010492B2 (ja) 2013-03-15 2016-10-19 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機油組成物及び冷凍機システム
US10273437B2 (en) 2015-10-08 2019-04-30 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Low flammability solvent composition
CN108570369B (zh) * 2018-04-09 2020-12-29 三明市海斯福化工有限责任公司 包含氧杂氢氟醚化合物的清洗组合物及其用于清洁的方法

Family Cites Families (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US502698A (en) * 1893-08-08 Dumping-wagon
US3362180A (en) * 1965-08-25 1968-01-09 Du Pont Chemical process
US3394878A (en) * 1965-08-25 1968-07-30 Du Pont Azeotropic compositions
US3409555A (en) * 1965-08-25 1968-11-05 Du Pont Refrigerant composition
US3922228A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-11-25 Phillips Petroleum Co Azeotropic composition consisting of difluoromethyl trifluoromethylether and dimethyl ether
US4041148A (en) * 1975-10-14 1977-08-09 W. R. Grace & Co. New aerosol propellants for personal products
EP0127365A3 (en) * 1983-05-20 1988-03-16 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Heat pumps
GB8321569D0 (en) * 1983-08-10 1983-09-14 Ici Plc Heat pumps
US4810403A (en) * 1987-06-09 1989-03-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Halocarbon blends for refrigerant use
DE3903336A1 (de) * 1989-02-04 1990-08-09 Bayer Ag Verwendung von c(pfeil abwaerts)3(pfeil abwaerts)- bis c(pfeil abwaerts)5(pfeil abwaerts)-polyfluoralkanen als treibgase
US4961321A (en) * 1989-02-28 1990-10-09 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Bis (difluoromethyl) ether refrigerant
US5264462A (en) * 1989-08-31 1993-11-23 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Polymeric foams
GB8919675D0 (en) * 1989-08-31 1989-10-11 Ici Plc Polymeric foams
JP2847797B2 (ja) * 1989-09-06 1999-01-20 ダイキン工業株式会社 作動流体
JPH0393883A (ja) * 1989-09-06 1991-04-18 Daikin Ind Ltd 作動流体
JP2794818B2 (ja) * 1989-09-06 1998-09-10 ダイキン工業株式会社 作動流体
JPH0393882A (ja) * 1989-09-06 1991-04-18 Daikin Ind Ltd 作動流体
US4948526A (en) * 1989-09-26 1990-08-14 Allied-Signal Inc. Azeotrope-like compositions of pentafluorodimethyl ether and monochlorodifluoromethane
US4978467A (en) * 1989-09-26 1990-12-18 Allied-Signal Inc. Azeotrope-like compositions of pentafluoroethane and difluoromethane
EP0431542A3 (en) * 1989-12-07 1991-12-27 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the preparation of foams
DE4006952A1 (de) * 1990-03-06 1991-09-12 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von schaumstoffen mit hilfe von treibmitteln, die fluoralkane und fluorierte ether enthalten, sowie nach diesem verfahren erhaeltliche schaumstoffe
GB9007645D0 (en) * 1990-04-04 1990-05-30 Ici Plc Solvent cleaning of articles
DE4013369A1 (de) * 1990-04-26 1991-10-31 Hoechst Ag Neues azeotropes oder azeotropartiges gemisch aus 2,2,2-trifluorethyl-1,1,2,2-tetrafluorethylether und ethanol sowie dessen verwendung
US5023010A (en) * 1990-07-23 1991-06-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Binary azeotropic compositions of 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxypropane with methanol or isopropanol or N-propanol
JPH04110386A (ja) * 1990-08-31 1992-04-10 Daikin Ind Ltd 熱伝達用流体
US5026498A (en) * 1990-10-03 1991-06-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Binary azeotropic compositions of 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxypropane with one of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane or 1,2-dichloro-1,1,-difluoroethane
US5023009A (en) * 1990-10-03 1991-06-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Binary azeotropic compositions of 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxypropane and 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanol-1
CA2059067A1 (en) * 1991-04-24 1992-10-25 Lee G. Sprague Ozone safe refrigerants and blowing agents
US5091104A (en) * 1991-06-26 1992-02-25 Allied-Signal Inc. Azeotrope-like compositions of tertiary butyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether and perfluoromethylcyclohexane
WO1993011201A1 (en) * 1991-12-03 1993-06-10 United States Environmental Protection Agency Refrigerant compositions and processes for using same
GB9200521D0 (en) * 1992-01-10 1992-02-26 Ici Plc Compositions useful as refrigerants
GB9200523D0 (en) * 1992-01-10 1992-02-26 Ici Plc Compositions useful as refrigerants
CA2126186A1 (en) * 1992-01-10 1993-07-22 Richard Llewellyn Powell Compositions useful as refrigerants
US5166182A (en) * 1992-03-23 1992-11-24 Atlas Roofing Corporation Thermosetting plastic foams and methods of production thereof using novel blowing agents
US5605882A (en) * 1992-05-28 1997-02-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Azeotrope(like) compositions of pentafluorodimethyl ether and difluoromethane
JPH0641589A (ja) * 1992-07-24 1994-02-15 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 洗浄用の溶剤組成物
JPH0641591A (ja) * 1992-07-24 1994-02-15 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 洗浄溶剤組成物
JP3093882B2 (ja) 1992-08-28 2000-10-03 オリンパス光学工業株式会社 カメラ及び写真プリント装置
JP3093889B2 (ja) 1992-10-27 2000-10-03 松下電工株式会社 配線器具プレート枠の構造
EP0679175A1 (en) * 1993-01-15 1995-11-02 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Refrigerant compositions which include a sulphur compound
GB2274462A (en) * 1993-01-20 1994-07-27 Ici Plc Refrigerant composition
CA2153072A1 (en) * 1993-01-20 1994-08-04 Richard Llewellyn Powell Refrigerant compositions
US5611210A (en) * 1993-03-05 1997-03-18 Ikon Corporation Fluoroiodocarbon blends as CFC and halon replacements
GB9403334D0 (en) * 1993-04-23 1994-04-13 Ici Plc Process for rigid polyurethane foams
US5484546A (en) * 1993-05-19 1996-01-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Refrigerant compositions including an acylic fluoroether
US5480572A (en) * 1993-06-16 1996-01-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions including a three carbon cyclic fluoroether
JP3093890U (ja) 2002-11-06 2003-05-23 船井電機株式会社 回転磁気ヘッド装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20030052301A1 (en) 2003-03-20
US5779931A (en) 1998-07-14
US6830703B2 (en) 2004-12-14
US20030211956A1 (en) 2003-11-13
ATE177137T1 (de) 1999-03-15
WO1993024586A1 (en) 1993-12-09
DE69323743D1 (de) 1999-04-08
US6835321B2 (en) 2004-12-28
DE69323743T2 (de) 1999-09-09
CA2136180A1 (en) 1993-12-09
JPH07507342A (ja) 1995-08-10
TW263527B (zh) 1995-11-21
US20030224957A1 (en) 2003-12-04
JP2005226075A (ja) 2005-08-25
EP0642560B1 (en) 1999-03-03
MX9303120A (es) 1994-06-30
US20040235701A1 (en) 2004-11-25
EP0642560A1 (en) 1995-03-15
US6632376B2 (en) 2003-10-14
US5605882A (en) 1997-02-25
US6416683B1 (en) 2002-07-09
AU4250093A (en) 1993-12-30
BR9306614A (pt) 1998-12-08
US5648016A (en) 1997-07-15
ES2130267T3 (es) 1999-07-01
US6905630B2 (en) 2005-06-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1082088A (zh) 氟代醚和氟代烃组合物
CN1181155C (zh) 氢氟碳化合物组合物
CN1076951A (zh) 三元共沸组合物
CN1291958C (zh) 萘衍生物和含有它的液晶组合物
CN1125158C (zh) 电光液晶显示器
CN1083474C (zh) 在热力循环中使用的改进的非共沸工作介质
CN1247674C (zh) 苯乙烯系树脂挤出发泡体及其制造方法
CN1205500C (zh) Tn和stn液晶显示器
CN1161441C (zh) 静电气雾剂组合物
CN1344305A (zh) 1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷的类共沸物组合物
CN1136176C (zh) α-氟代醚的生产
CN1071854A (zh) 二氟甲烷和四氟乙烷组合物
CN1230411C (zh) 显示液晶相的聚合性组合物及使用其的光学各向异性体
CN1253530C (zh) 液晶混合物
CN1036029A (zh) 超扭曲-液晶显示(元件)
CN1091782A (zh) 混合溶剂组合物及利用该溶剂的洗涤方法和洗涤装置
CN101061202A (zh) 液晶组合物
CN1084720C (zh) 从hfc-125中去除cfc-115和氢氟酸的蒸馏方法
CN1042173A (zh) 超扭曲液晶显示器
CN1046357A (zh) 1,1-二氯-2,2,2-三氟乙烷与1,1-二氯-1-氟乙烷的类共沸混合物
CN1071187A (zh) 二氟甲烷与三氟乙烷或全氟乙烷的基本上恒沸点的组合物
CN1248033C (zh) 超扭转向列液晶显示器、液晶组合物和化合物
CN1910256A (zh) 包含氟代醚的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷制冷剂组合物及其应用
CN1183072C (zh) 提纯全氟环丁烷的方法
CN1020631C (zh) 液体燃料组合物

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C12 Rejection of a patent application after its publication