Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a nutrient for promoting the health of the crusta of an aquatic crustacean and a preparation method and a using method thereof, wherein the nutrient for promoting the health of the crustacean of the aquatic crustacean integrates the functions of molting promotion, calcium supplement and shell fixation, disease prevention and stress resistance, provides a high-quality calcium source and other mineral substances for the aquatic crustacean, and improves the composition of water body mineral substances; has the characteristics of multiple effects, safety, rapidness, high absorption and utilization rate, convenient use and the like; the nutrient is directly thrown into water to promote quick shell hardening of aquatic crustacean after shelling, reduce hard shell hardening phenomenon, strengthen body constitution, prevent virus invasion, promote growth, and improve survival rate of aquatic crustacean.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the nutrient for promoting the health of the crustacean of the aquatic crustacean comprises, by weight, 5-25% of a trace element nutrient source and 75-95% of a synergist; wherein, in each kilogram of the nutrient for promoting the health of the crusta of the aquatic crustacean, the adding amount of the trace element nutrient source is calculated by the trace elements contained in the nutrient: 1-3 g of copper, 5-8 g of iron, 5-8 g of zinc, 1-3 g of manganese, 200-400 mg of iodine, 200-400 mg of cobalt, 40-80 mg of selenium, 26-50 g of potassium, 11.2-20 g of magnesium, 10-25 g of sodium and 100-200 g of calcium;
the synergist comprises vitamin C, chitin and Chinese herbal medicine extracts, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine extracts are products obtained by extracting, filtering, concentrating and drying the raw materials of rosewood leaf, bupleurum chinense leaf and bitter gourd leaf.
Preferably, in the synergist, the weight ratio of the vitamin C, the chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract is 1-3: 0.5-2: 5-10.
Preferably, in the Chinese herbal medicine extract, the weight ratio of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum chinense leaf and the bitter gourd leaf is 0.1-0.5: 3-8: 1-2.
Preferably, the preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises the following steps:
according to the weight ratio, crushing the dried raw materials of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum root leaf and the balsam pear leaf, adding water, mixing and stirring to obtain slurry; heating the obtained slurry to 60-80 ℃, extracting for 0.5-2 hours by using ultrasonic waves, filtering, concentrating and drying to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
Preferably, the trace element nutrient source is at least one of an inorganic salt compound of a trace element and an organic chelate of a trace element.
Further preferably, the organic chelate containing trace elements is one or more selected from methionine chelate of trace elements, glycine chelate of trace elements and lysine chelate of trace elements. .
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the nutrient for promoting the health of the crustacean of the aquatic crustacean, comprising the following steps:
under the condition of below 30 ℃ and no direct sunlight, the trace element nutrient sources are mixed in proportion, then mixed with the synergist according to a step-by-step enlarged mixing method, and stirred for 5-15 minutes after uniform mixing, so that the variation coefficient CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5%, and the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans is prepared.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the nutrient for promoting the health of the crustacean of the aquatic crustacean, comprising the following steps:
during the shelling period of the aquatic crustacean, the nutrient for promoting the health of the crustacean of the aquatic crustacean is mixed with water and then is splashed into a water body for cultivating the aquatic crustacean, wherein the dosage of the nutrient for promoting the health of the crustacean of the aquatic crustacean is 0.5-2 Kg/mu.
Preferably, the aquatic crustacean is one or more selected from shrimp, crab, tortoise and turtle aquatic crustacean.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the nutrient for promoting the health of the shell of the aquatic crustacean to the water is 0.05-0.5: 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the nutrient for promoting the health of the shell of the aquatic crustacean integrates the functions of promoting molting, supplementing calcium, fixing the shell, preventing diseases and resisting stress, provides a high-quality calcium source and other mineral substances for the aquatic crustacean, and improves the composition of water body mineral substances; has the characteristics of multiple effects, safety, rapidness, high absorption and utilization rate, convenient use and the like; particularly, the traditional Chinese medicine extract contains rich effective components (respectively extracted from the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum root leaf and the balsam pear leaf), can improve the absorption and utilization rate of the aquatic crustacean on trace elements and promote the aquatic crustacean to quickly exuviate and crust. When the feed is applied to the breeding of crayfishes, the shelling rate of the crayfishes reaches 89.68%, and the weight growth rate reaches 37.32%.
(2) The nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustacean is directly thrown into a water body, promotes the shells of the aquatic crustacean to be quickly hardened after being peeled, reduces the phenomenon of hard hardening, has the effects of strengthening the body, preventing virus invasion and promoting growth, and improves the survival rate of the aquatic crustacean. When the product of the invention is applied to crayfish breeding, the death rate of crayfish can be greatly reduced, and the reduction range is as high as 37.52%.
(3) The nutrient for promoting the health of the crusta of the aquatic crustacean has the advantages of simple preparation method, mature process, easy control, convenient popularization and high economic benefit. The product of the invention is applied to the crayfish breeding, and the economic benefit increase amplitude is as high as 49.12%.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustaceans, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.1:3:1 of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum leaf and the balsam pear leaf, the dried rosewood leaf, the dried bupleurum leaf and the balsam pear leaf are crushed and then screened by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water are stirred and mixed according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, the obtained slurry is heated to 60 ℃, ultrasonic extraction is carried out for 1 hour, and then filtration, concentration and drying are carried out to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 1:0.5:5 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and sunlight is not directly radiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 1g of copper, 5g of iron, 5g of zinc, 1g of manganese, 200mg of iodine, 200mg of cobalt, 40mg of selenium, 26g of potassium, 11.2g of magnesium, 10g of sodium and 100g of calcium, and the copper lysine, the iron methionine, the zinc methionine, the manganese methionine, the iodine glycine, the cobalt glycine, the selenium methionine, the potassium lysine, the magnesium lysine, the sodium glutamate and the calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, are uniformly mixed and are stirred for 5 minutes, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5 percent, and the nutrient for promoting the shell health of the aquatic crustacean is prepared.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustaceans, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.2:8:1 of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum leaf and the balsam pear leaf, the dried rosewood leaf, the dried bupleurum leaf and the balsam pear leaf are crushed and then screened by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water are stirred and mixed according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, the obtained slurry is heated to 60 ℃, ultrasonic extraction is carried out for 1 hour, and then filtration, concentration and drying are carried out to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 3:2:10 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and sunlight is not directly radiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): copper 3g, iron 8g, zinc 8g, manganese 3g, iodine 400mg, cobalt 400mg, selenium 80mg, potassium 50g, magnesium 20g, sodium 25g and calcium 200g, mixing copper lysine, iron methionine, zinc methionine, manganese methionine, iodine glycine, cobalt glycine, selenium methionine, potassium lysine, magnesium lysine, sodium glutamate and calcium lysine with a synergist according to a step-by-step enlarged mixing method, uniformly mixing, stirring for 5 minutes, and enabling the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity to be not higher than 5% to prepare the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustaceans, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.3:4:1.2 of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, crushing the dried rosewood leaf, the dried bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, sieving the crushed rosewood leaf, the dried rosewood leaf and the dried bitter gourd leaf by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, stirring and mixing the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, heating the obtained slurry to 60 ℃, extracting the slurry by using ultrasonic waves for 1 hour, and filtering, concentrating and drying the slurry to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 1:1:5 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and sunlight is not directly radiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 2g of copper, 6g of iron, 7g of zinc, 1.5g of manganese, 325mg of iodine, 325mg of cobalt, 50mg of selenium, 27g of potassium, 12g of magnesium, 15g of sodium and 150g of calcium, and the copper lysine, the iron methionine, the zinc methionine, the manganese methionine, the iodine glycine, the cobalt glycine, the selenium methionine, the potassium lysine, the magnesium lysine, the sodium glutamate and the calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, are uniformly mixed and are stirred for 10 minutes, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5 percent, and the nutrient for promoting the shell health of the aquatic crustacean is prepared.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustaceans, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.4:5:2 of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum leaf and the balsam pear leaf, the dried rosewood leaf, the dried bupleurum leaf and the balsam pear leaf are crushed and then screened by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water are stirred and mixed according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, the obtained slurry is heated to 60 ℃, ultrasonic extraction is carried out for 1 hour, and then filtration, concentration and drying are carried out to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 0.4:5:2 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and sunlight is not directly radiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 2.5g of copper, 7g of iron, 6g of zinc, 2g of manganese, 250g of iodine, 250g of cobalt, 60mg of selenium, 30g of potassium, 15g of magnesium, 17g of sodium and 120g of calcium, and the copper lysine, the iron methionine, the zinc methionine, the manganese methionine, the iodine glycine, the cobalt glycine, the selenium methionine, the potassium lysine, the magnesium lysine, the sodium glutamate and the calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, are uniformly mixed and are stirred for 15 minutes, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5 percent, and the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans is prepared.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustaceans, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.5:6:1.5 of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, crushing the dried rosewood leaf, the dried bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, sieving the crushed rosewood leaf, the dried rosewood leaf and the dried bitter gourd leaf by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, stirring and mixing the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, heating the obtained slurry to 60 ℃, extracting the slurry by using ultrasonic waves for 1 hour, and filtering, concentrating and drying the slurry to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 3:2:6 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and sunlight is not directly radiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 1.5g of copper, 7.5g of iron, 6.5g of zinc, 3g of manganese, 275mg of iodine, 275mg of cobalt, 70mg of selenium, 35g of potassium, 18g of magnesium, 20g of sodium and 160g of calcium, and the mixture is prepared by mixing copper lysine, iron methionine, zinc methionine, manganese methionine, iodine glycine, cobalt glycine, selenium methionine, potassium lysine, magnesium lysine, sodium glutamate and calcium lysine with a synergist according to a step-by-step enlarged mixing method, uniformly mixing, stirring for 8 minutes to ensure that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5 percent, and thus obtaining the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans.
Example 6
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustaceans, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.14:7:1.4 of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, crushing the dried rosewood leaf, the dried bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, sieving the crushed rosewood leaf, the dried rosewood leaf and the dried bitter gourd leaf by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, stirring and mixing the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, heating the obtained slurry to 60 ℃, extracting the slurry by using ultrasonic waves for 1 hour, and filtering, concentrating and drying the slurry to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 1:2:8 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and sunlight is not directly radiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 1.2g of copper, 6.5g of iron, 6.5g of zinc, 2.5g of manganese, 350mg of iodine, 350mg of cobalt, 75mg of selenium, 40g of potassium, 20g of magnesium, 22g of sodium and 180g of calcium, copper lysine, iron methionine, zinc methionine, manganese methionine, iodine glycine, cobalt glycine, selenium methionine, potassium lysine, magnesium lysine, sodium glutamate and calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, and are stirred for 8 minutes after being uniformly mixed, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5%, and the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans is prepared.
Example 7
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustaceans, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.25:5:1.25 of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, crushing the dried rosewood leaf, the dried bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, sieving the crushed rosewood leaf, the dried rosewood leaf and the dried bitter gourd leaf by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, stirring and mixing the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, heating the obtained slurry to 60 ℃, extracting the slurry by using ultrasonic waves for 1 hour, and filtering, concentrating and drying the slurry to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 2.5:2:7.5 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and no sunlight is directly irradiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 1.8g of copper, 7.2g of iron, 7.2g of zinc, 2.4g of manganese, 300mg of iodine, 300mg of cobalt, 72mg of selenium, 30g of potassium, 15g of magnesium, 18g of sodium and 175g of calcium, and copper lysine, iron methionine, zinc methionine, manganese methionine, iodine glycine, cobalt glycine, selenium methionine, potassium lysine, magnesium lysine, sodium glutamate and calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, and are stirred for 10 minutes after being uniformly mixed, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5%, and the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans is prepared.
Comparative example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustacean, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of the bupleurum leaves to the bitter gourd leaves being 5:1.25, the dried bupleurum leaves and the bitter gourd leaves are crushed and then screened by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water are stirred and mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:10 to obtain serous fluid, the obtained serous fluid is heated to 60 ℃, ultrasonic extraction is carried out for 1 hour, and then filtration, concentration and drying are carried out to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 2.5:2:7.5 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and no sunlight is directly irradiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 1.8g of copper, 7.2g of iron, 7.2g of zinc, 2.4g of manganese, 300mg of iodine, 300mg of cobalt, 72mg of selenium, 30g of potassium, 15g of magnesium, 18g of sodium and 175g of calcium, and copper lysine, iron methionine, zinc methionine, manganese methionine, iodine glycine, cobalt glycine, selenium methionine, potassium lysine, magnesium lysine, sodium glutamate and calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, and are stirred for 10 minutes after being uniformly mixed, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5%, and the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans is prepared.
Comparative example 2
The invention provides a preparation method of nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustacean, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.25:5:1.25 of dalbergia wood, bupleurum chinense leaves and bitter gourd leaves, crushing the dried dalbergia wood, bupleurum chinense leaves and bitter gourd leaves, sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, stirring and mixing the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, heating the slurry to 60 ℃, extracting the slurry by using ultrasonic waves for 1 hour, filtering, concentrating and drying to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 2.5:2:7.5 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and no sunlight is directly irradiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 1.8g of copper, 7.2g of iron, 7.2g of zinc, 2.4g of manganese, 300mg of iodine, 300mg of cobalt, 72mg of selenium, 30g of potassium, 15g of magnesium, 18g of sodium and 175g of calcium, and copper lysine, iron methionine, zinc methionine, manganese methionine, iodine glycine, cobalt glycine, selenium methionine, potassium lysine, magnesium lysine, sodium glutamate and calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, and are stirred for 10 minutes after being uniformly mixed, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5%, and the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans is prepared.
Comparative example 3
The invention provides a preparation method of nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustacean, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.25:5 of the rosewood leaf to the bupleurum leaf, crushing the dried rosewood leaf and the bupleurum leaf, sieving the crushed rosewood leaf and the dried bupleurum leaf by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, stirring and mixing the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water according to the weight ratio of 1:10 to obtain serous fluid, heating the obtained serous fluid to 60 ℃, extracting the serous fluid by using ultrasonic waves for 1 hour, filtering, concentrating and drying to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing vitamin C, chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 2.5:2:7.5 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and no sunlight is directly irradiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 1.8g of copper, 7.2g of iron, 7.2g of zinc, 2.4g of manganese, 300mg of iodine, 300mg of cobalt, 72mg of selenium, 30g of potassium, 15g of magnesium, 18g of sodium and 175g of calcium, and copper lysine, iron methionine, zinc methionine, manganese methionine, iodine glycine, cobalt glycine, selenium methionine, potassium lysine, magnesium lysine, sodium glutamate and calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, and are stirred for 10 minutes after being uniformly mixed, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5%, and the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans is prepared.
Comparative example 4
The invention provides a preparation method of nutrient for promoting the health of crustacean of aquatic crustacean, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight ratio of 0.25:5:1.25 of the rosewood leaf, the bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, crushing the dried rosewood leaf, the dried bupleurum leaf and the bitter gourd leaf, sieving the crushed rosewood leaf, the dried rosewood leaf and the dried bitter gourd leaf by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder, stirring and mixing the Chinese herbal medicine powder and water according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain slurry, heating the obtained slurry to 60 ℃, extracting the slurry by using ultrasonic waves for 1 hour, and filtering, concentrating and drying the slurry to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine extract.
(2) Mixing chitin and the Chinese herbal medicine extract obtained in the step (1) according to a weight ratio of 2:7.5 to obtain a synergist, and under the conditions that the temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ and no sunlight is directly irradiated, according to the addition amount, the synergist is calculated by the trace elements contained in the synergist (taking each kilogram of premixed feed as a unit): 1.8g of copper, 7.2g of iron, 7.2g of zinc, 2.4g of manganese, 300mg of iodine, 300mg of cobalt, 72mg of selenium, 30g of potassium, 15g of magnesium, 18g of sodium and 175g of calcium, and copper lysine, iron methionine, zinc methionine, manganese methionine, iodine glycine, cobalt glycine, selenium methionine, potassium lysine, magnesium lysine, sodium glutamate and calcium lysine are mixed with a synergist according to a step-by-step expanding mixing method, and are stirred for 10 minutes after being uniformly mixed, so that the coefficient of variation CV of the mixing uniformity is not higher than 5%, and the nutrient for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans is prepared.
Effect example 1
In 4 months in 2017, in Guangzhou Zhilong biological aquaculture farms, the same batch of crayfish seedlings are equally divided into 11 groups of 1000 crayfish each, and the crayfish seedlings are placed into a culture pond with 11 water surfaces and the area of 1 mu, wherein seven groups are test groups, four groups are control groups, and the specific groups are shown in Table 1. The common crayfish feed is used for breeding, and independent variables are kept consistent. During the cultivation period, the nutrients for promoting the health of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans, which are prepared in the embodiments 1 to 7 and the comparative examples 1 to 4, are mixed with a proper amount of water respectively according to the dosage of 0.5 Kg/mu, and then are sprinkled into the cultivation pool once every 15 days. After 50 days of cultivation, the shelling rate of the lobsters of each test group is counted, the weight of 30 crayfishes is randomly weighed before and after 50 days of cultivation, and the weight growth rate is calculated. Continuously raising the crayfish until the crayfish is mature and comes into the market, counting the death rate and the economic benefit of the crayfish, and calculating: compared with a blank control group, the mortality rate of the crayfishes in the test groups 1-7 and the control groups 1-4 is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased.
TABLE 1 cultivation test groups
As shown in fig. 1, the nutrients prepared in the embodiments 1 to 7 of the present invention have a significant effect of promoting the shelling and crusting of crayfish, and are significantly better than the control groups 1 to 4, wherein the nutrients obtained in the embodiments 6 and 7 of the present invention can respectively enable the shelling rate of crayfish to reach 89.68% and 88.47%, and the weight gain rate to reach 36.53% and 37.32%. The statistical results of the control groups 1 and 2 and the test group 6 show that the nutrient prepared in the embodiment 6 of the invention contains the extract of the rosewood leaf, can promote the crayfish to absorb trace elements, thereby promoting the shelling and crusting of the crayfish, and is obviously superior to the extract of the rosewood leaf; the statistical results of the control group 3 and the test group 6 show that the effective components extracted from the bitter gourd leaves can promote the crayfish to absorb trace elements to a certain extent, so that the crayfish can be exuviated and crusty; the statistical results of the control group 4 and the test group 6 show that vitamin C is also an essential component for promoting crayfish to absorb trace elements.
During the shelling period, the immunity of the crayfish is generally low and is vulnerable to the stress of the external environment. As shown in figure 2, the nutrients prepared in the embodiments 1 to 7 of the invention can improve the immunity of crayfish and reduce the death rate of crayfish, and compared with a blank control group, the death rate of the crayfish in the test groups 1 to 7 is greatly reduced and is obviously greater than that of the control groups 1 to 4, wherein the nutrition powder is used in the invention
The nutrients obtained in the examples 6 and 7 can respectively reduce the death rate of crayfish by 36.25 percent and 37.52 percent. In addition, the statistical results of the control groups 1 and 2 and the test group 6 show that the extract of the dalbergia wood leaves is beneficial to improving the immunity of crayfish, thereby greatly reducing the death rate of crayfish and being obviously superior to the extract of the dalbergia wood; the statistical results of the control group 3 and the test group 6 show that the effective components extracted from the bitter gourd leaves are beneficial to improving the immunity of the crayfish and reducing the death rate of the crayfish; the statistical results of the control group 4 and the test group 6 show that the vitamin C also promotes the improvement of the immunity of the crayfish to a certain extent and reduces the death rate of the crayfish.
As shown in fig. 3, compared with the control groups 1 to 4, the use of the nutrients prepared in the embodiments 1 to 7 of the present invention can greatly improve the economic benefit of crayfish breeding, wherein in the test groups 6 and 7, the use of the nutrients obtained in the embodiments 6 and 7 of the present invention can respectively improve the economic benefit of crayfish by 48.3% and 49.1% compared with the blank control group.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.