CN102133392A - Water splashing compound preparation for boosting exuviation of shrimps and crabs, hardening shells, preventing diseases and resisting stresses - Google Patents
Water splashing compound preparation for boosting exuviation of shrimps and crabs, hardening shells, preventing diseases and resisting stresses Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to water splashing compound preparation for boosting exuviation of shrimps and crabs, hardening shells, preventing diseases and resisting stresses and belongs to the technical field of aquiculture. Glucose, sodium chloride, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium lactate, taurine, trimethyl glycine, vitamin C, ecdysone and Chinese herbal medicament are chosen as the compound components of the water splashing compound preparation. The compound components are weighted in proportion, and then are mixed uniformly and packaged in batch, and finally are packaged and placed in a warehouse. Various nutrient components which are safe and nontoxic to shrimps and crabs are adopted by the invention; the functions of boosting exuviation, supplementing calcium and hardening shells, preventing diseases and eliminating stresses, and the like, are integrated; the components are clear; the effect is stable; the water splashing compound preparation can be directly splashed and conveniently used; the bioavailability is high and is not influenced by environmental condition; and after the water splashing compound preparation is used, the normal physiological functions and immunologic functions of cultivated shrimps and crabs are quickly recovered, thereby achieving the functions of boosting exuviation, supplementing calcium and hardening shells, preventing diseases and eliminating stresses, and increasing the survival rate and growth rate of the cultivated shrimps and crabs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water body that promotes shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust and diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
The shell of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis is to slough hard ectoskeleton, and the volume and weight of health is increased.Shell is the variation (mainly referring to germling) of health formalness, also is inner complicated physiological activity; Being the growth of a rhythmicity, is again a physiological cataclysm.In all one's life of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis, from the germling to the adult, experience shell many times.Germling whenever sloughs off a shell with regard to metamorphosis once, and adult is whenever sloughed off shell one time, and the body of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis is long, all once rapid increase of body weight.Therefore the shell of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis is the important physiological process that runs through whole life, is the important symbol of the growth of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis, growth.Come from the overall process of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis life, its speed of growth or shell are relevant with the water temperature of being lived, bait, growth stage etc. blanking time.The variation of weather, environment, is changed water etc. and all can be stimulated shell at medication.The shrimp Eriocheir sinensis is finished about 3～5 minutes of required time of a shell, and individuality is littler usually, and shell is faster.New body health softness after the shell, mobility is very weak, does not have and ingests and defence capability.After 1～2 day, the sclerosis gradually along with new shell just begins normal activity.If the shell process breaks down, the shell time will prolong, in addition because of shell unsuccessful and dead.Shell is not limited to carry out in water, hides usually and carries out in the shallow water of containing long pasture and water.
After in shrimp Eriocheir sinensis growth, being prone to shell difficulty, shell soft shell can't hardening, cause problem such as irritability disease because of shell is unsuccessful, its reason is many-sided, as: germplasm is degenerated, the influence growth; Water quality deterioration, show old shell only slough off half or slough off old shell after health dwindle on the contrary; Long-term bait deficiency becomes starvation; Feeding quality is poor, and calcic is low or raw materials quality is inferior rotten; Excessive, the intensive cannibalisation of breeding density, interfere with each other and to prolong the shell time or because of can not sloughing off death; The water temperature sudden change, low temperature hinders shell; Drug influence is abused antibiotic, abuse disinfectant, influences shell or produces abnormality; Illumination transparency too strong or water is too big, and water clearly on earth; Water pH high and organic content in pond descends, and is on the low side with the feed calcium phosphorus content in the water; Lack the calcium source, the not enough shell of carapace calcification is more difficult; Parasite parasitisms such as ciliate.
The whole growth process of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis all needs " replenishing the calcium ".Calcium is the important component part of animal skeleton, carapace, scale, and to proteinic synthetic and metabolism, the conversion of carbohydrate, the permeability of cell, chromosomal structure and function etc. all have material impact.The growth of Crustaceans such as shrimp Eriocheir sinensis will be finished by continuous shell and duricrust, and therefore need absorb a large amount of calcium from water body and feedstuff satisfies growth needs, and the breeding way of intensification often makes the content wretched insufficiency of water body mineral salt again.And calcium, phosphorus incomplete absorption can cause the carapace of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis normally not harden, and it is unsuccessful to form soft shell disease or shell, and the speed of growth slows down, and has a strong impact on the normal growth of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis.
Culture high density, the water quality high pollution, the calcium constituent scarcity makes breed object shell symptom unsuccessful, that duricrust is difficult serious day by day.And shell is unsuccessful, duricrust is difficult pathogen is invaded in the shrimp and crab body, cause disease to take place.The aquaculture dealer mainly adopts two kinds of modes in the processing of this problem at present: the one, and feedstuff adds shell element, calcium superphosphate etc., to accelerate shell and the duricrust of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis.This processing mode has certain effect, but is two different products because of shell is plain with calsium supplement such as calcium superphosphate, the addition difference.The plain addition of shell is little, can not guarantee by the shrimp Eriocheir sinensis all ediblely, and calcium superphosphate can not guarantee to be utilized by the shrimp Eriocheir sinensis because of ionizing fully, so result of use is had a greatly reduced quality.The 2nd, water body splash dimension C and glucose etc., can resist like this some because of shell produce stress, but can not thoroughly deal with problems.Therefore, the shrimp Eriocheir sinensis is cultured to go up and is badly in need of a kind of type supplementary of splashing that promotes shell, the solid shell of replenishing the calcium, diseases prevention anti-stress that integrates of exploitation, have multiple-effect, safety, fast, characteristics such as absorption rate is high, easy to use, directly drop into water body, play to consolidate and be healthy and strong, the defend against computer virus invasion, promote the effect of growth.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of water body that promotes shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust and diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing is provided, utilize various nutrient substance such as plant source ecdyson, Chinese herbal medicine, ionized calcium source, aminoacid, vitamin, electrolyte, glucose, through assembly rationally, normal physiological function and the immunologic function of fast quick-recovery grow shrimp Eriocheir sinensis, play the effect that promotes shell, the solid shell of replenishing the calcium, diseases prevention anti-stress, improve survival rate and the rate of growth of grow shrimp Eriocheir sinensis.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, a kind of water body that promotes shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust and diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing comprises following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 8 ~ 12 parts of glucoses, 1 ~ 4 part in sodium chloride, 1 ~ 3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 ~ 3 part in magnesium sulfate; 15 ~ 22 parts in calcium chloride, 3 ~ 7 parts of calcium lactate, 1 ~ 5 part of taurine; 0 ~ 3 part of trimethyl glycine, 0 ~ 2 part of vitamin C, 0 ~ 0.4 part of ecdyson, 48 ~ 55 parts of combined Chinese herb components.Mix homogeneously, packing at normal temperatures after above material component weighed in proportion, packing warehouse-in at last.
Described combined Chinese herb component comprises following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 29 ~ 38 parts in Spica Prunellae powder, 15 ~ 22 parts of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizomes, 6 ~ 12 parts of Chinese Taxillus Herbs, 26 ~ 33 parts of Chinese Gentian Roots, 6 ~ 12 parts of Dried Tangerine Peels, mix homogeneously is mixed-powder.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention adopts is the various nutrient substance such as plant source ecdyson, Chinese herbal medicine, ionized calcium source, aminoacid, vitamin, electrolyte, glucose of prawn Eriocheir sinensis class safety non-toxic, integrate and promote shell, the duricrust of replenishing the calcium, prevent disease, elimination stress wait multi-functional, definite ingredients, effect stability, can directly splash, easy to use, the bioavailability height is not subjected to the influence of environmental condition; Normal physiological function and the immunologic function of quick-recovery grow shrimp Eriocheir sinensis soon after the use play the effect that promotes shell, the solid shell of replenishing the calcium, diseases prevention anti-stress, improve survival rate and the rate of growth of grow shrimp Eriocheir sinensis.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the present invention is a kind of to promote the water body of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust and the diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing to comprise following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 10 parts of glucoses, 3 parts in sodium chloride, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 2 parts in magnesium sulfate, 20 parts in calcium chloride, 5 parts of calcium lactate, 3 parts of taurines, 2 parts of trimethyl glycine, 1.8 parts of vitamin Cs, 0.2 part of ecdyson, 51 parts of combined Chinese herb components.Mix homogeneously, packing at normal temperatures after above material component weighed in proportion, packing warehouse-in at last.
Described combined Chinese herb component comprises following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 34 parts in Spica Prunellae powder, 18 parts of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizomes, 10 parts of Chinese Taxillus Herbs, 28 parts of Chinese Gentian Roots, 10 parts of Dried Tangerine Peels, mix homogeneously is mixed-powder.
When described water body is splashed the use of type compound formulation, get breeding water earlier it is diluted, evenly splash then, consumption is that the every mu every meter depth of water is used 500 ~ 1000 grams.
The beneficial effect of the used component of the present invention is as follows:
1, glucose: glucose is an indispensable material in the vital movement, is the main source of body institute energy requirement, and it can participate in metabolic processes directly in body, all be absorbed easily than any other monosaccharide, and can directly be the body tissue utilization after the absorption.Glucose is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water and supplies with heat simultaneously in body, or stores with the glycogen form, can promote the function of detoxification of liver, and liver is had protective effect, but and heart tonifying diuresis, detoxifcation etc.Can be used for hypoglycemia, malnutrition, the treatment of heart failure etc., and can promote poisonous substance to drain.
2, sodium chloride: colourless cube of crystallization or white crystals, molecular formula is NaCl, and molecular weight is 58.5, and water-soluble, glycerol is slightly soluble in ethanol, liquefied ammonia, is insoluble to hydrochloric acid.Little in air have a hygroscopy.Sodium chloride can be kept the osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid as electrolyte, participates in the adjusting of acid-base balance in the body.
3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: molecular formula is KH
2PO
4, molecular weight is 136.09, colourless tetragonal crystal or white crystalline powder.Relative density 2.338,252.6 ℃ of fusing points, water-soluble, it is acid that aqueous solution is.
Industrial as buffer agent, nutrient chemical, as efficient phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, have remarkable increasing both production and income, improve the optimization quality, many good effects such as resistant to lodging, disease and insect resistance, control senilism agricultural on.Can promote of the absorption of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis to calcium.
4, magnesium sulfate: molecular formula is MgSO
4, molecular weight is 120.37.Magnesium is indispensable factor when bone process and muscle contraction are made in participation in the animal body, is the activator of plurality of enzymes in the animal body, and intravital substance metabolism of animal and function of nervous system are played an important role.If the animal body magnesium deficiency can cause substance metabolism and nervous dysfunction, supply with imbalance, influence animal growth, even cause death.
5, calcium chloride: chemical formula CaCl
22H
2O, white crystal or block, 782 ℃ of fusing points, 1600 ℃ of boiling points.The dissolubility of calcium chloride in water is very big, nontoxic, odorless, mildly bitter flavor.Can be used for blood calcium as the ionized calcium source and reduce that urticaria, exudative edema, itching skin disease, vitamin D deficiency, osteomalacia, anemia of pregnant woman and women breast-feeding their children's calcium salt that the tetany cause and intestinal colic, ureteral colic, low calcium causes replenish etc.
6, calcium lactate: white or off-white color crystallinity or graininess powder, odorless almost, little have air slaking, dissolves the utilization rate height in water.Can be used for preventing and treating calcium deficiency, additional as tetany, dysosteogenesis, rickets and tuberculosis, gestation and women breast-feeding their children's calcium salt.
7, taurine: chemical name is a 2-aminoethyl sulfonic acid; be white, needle-shaped crystals, odorless, the little acid of flavor; water-soluble; be insoluble to ethanol, ether and acetone; without any side effects; be a kind of nonprotein amino acid, it extensively is present in the organism, is a kind of aminoacid with special physiological function in the body.
Have analgesic, ease pain, protect the liver, blood sugar lowering, keep the function of normal vision, the scalable nerve conduction,
Lipid metabolism and bile decompose, and participate in the endocrine activity, increase the heart contraction ability, make blood circulation normalization, thereby the allaying tiredness product make body produce power effectively, human body immunity improving ability and resisting fatigue.
8, trimethyl glycine: belonging to the quaternary ammonium type alkaloid, is a kind of novel fine chemicals, can be widely used in fields such as food, medicine, daily use chemicals, printing and dyeing, chemical industry, is a kind of efficient, fine auxotype additive.Trimethyl glycine have make eye bright, anti-fatty liver, protection kidney, effects such as cardiovascular disease such as treatment atherosclerosis are to V
A, V
BStability protective effect is arranged, improved result of use, aquatic animal is had attractant.
9, vitamin C: having another name called ascorbic acid, is a kind of water soluble vitamins.Participate in multiple reaction in vivo,, in biological oxidation and reduction and Cellular respiration, play an important role as participating in oxidation-reduction process.Vitamin C is a kind of water miscible strong antioxidant, can protect other antioxidant, as vitamin A, vitamin E, unsaturated fatty acid, prevents the injury of radical pair body.Ascorbic major physiological function is: promote the biosynthesis of ossein, be beneficial to the faster healing of tissue injury mouth; The metabolism of tyrosine and tryptophan prolongs organism life-span in the promotion aminoacid; Improve the utilization of ferrum, calcium and folic acid; Improve fat and the particularly metabolism of cholesterol of lipoid, the prevention cardiovascular diseases; Protection cell, detoxifcation, the liver protecting; Enhancing body is the anti-stress ability and the immunity of environment to external world.
10, ecdyson: ecdyson claims molting hormone again, is to extract a kind of active substance that obtains from Commelianaceae tabasheer Radix Cyanotis vagae root.Main component is a 20-hydroxyl ecdysterone.Ecdyson is aquatic Crustacean shrimp Eriocheir sinensis growth promoter, the abnormal necessary material of shelling, can make shrimp, the smooth shell of Eriocheir sinensis, promotes the concordance of shrimp, the shell of Eriocheir sinensis class, effectively avoids cutting one another's throats between individuality, significantly improves and cultures survival rate and commercial specification.
11, Spica Prunellae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Radix Gentianae, Herba Taxilli, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae: Spica Prunellae is the Lamiales labiate, and property hardship, suffering are cold.Containing with the oleanolic acid is the triterpenoid saponin of glycoside unit, and glycoside materials such as globulariacitrin, hyperin also contain organic acid, vitamin, volatile oil, alkaloid etc., tool blood pressure lowering, antibiotic, the effect of regulating immunity.Rhizoma Alismatis contains volatile oil, alkaloid, asparagine, plant sterol, phytosterolin, multiple fatty acid, and is cold in nature, has the effect of promoting diuresis to eliminate damp pathogen.Can reduce serum total cholesterol and triacylglycerol content, slow down atherosclerosis and form; Can treat auditory vertigo, dyslipidemia, seminal emission, fatty liver and diabetes etc.Radix Gentianae be gentianaceae plant Radix Gentianae, bar leaf Radix Gentianae, three flower Radix Gentianae and Yunnan Radix Gentianae, root and rhizome, have the effect of heat clearing away, eliminating pathogen in the liver, arresting convulsion.Contain gentiopicrin, trilobatin, amarogentin, erythricine, gentianose, cupreol etc., effect such as tool antiinflammatory, antibiotic, hepatic cholagogic, diuresis.Herba Taxilli is the stem and branch with leaf of Loranthaceae plant Herba Taxilli, and containing avicularin is Artemisia Avicularin and Quercetin etc., has effects such as blood pressure lowering, diuresis, blood vessel dilating, convulsion, antiviral, antithrombotic.Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae is the mature peel of rutaceae orange and variety thereof, contain volatile oil, main component is the D-limonene in the oil, also contains beta-myrcene, α-and nopinene etc., other contains the flavones ingredient hesperidin, the merit of appetizing in tool regulating QI and lowering the adverseness, the accent, drying dampness to eliminate phlegm.
Embodiment 2: the present invention is a kind of to promote the water body of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust and the diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing to comprise following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 12 parts of glucoses, 2 parts in sodium chloride, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 2 parts in magnesium sulfate, 20 parts in calcium chloride, 5 parts of calcium lactate, 3 parts of taurines, 2 parts of trimethyl glycine, 1.8 parts of vitamin Cs, 0.2 part of ecdyson, 50 parts of combined Chinese herb components.Mix homogeneously, packing at normal temperatures after above material component weighed in proportion, packing warehouse-in at last.
Described combined Chinese herb component comprises following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight: get 32 parts in Spica Prunellae powder, 20 parts of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizomes, 9 parts of Chinese Taxillus Herbs, 30 parts of Chinese Gentian Roots, 9 parts of Dried Tangerine Peels, mix homogeneously is mixed-powder.
Embodiment 3: the present invention is a kind of to promote the water body of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust and the diseases prevention anti-stress type compound formulation of splashing to comprise following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 9 parts of glucoses, 3 parts in sodium chloride, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 2 parts in magnesium sulfate, 22 parts in calcium chloride, 7 parts of calcium lactate, 3 parts of taurines, 2 parts of trimethyl glycine, 1.8 parts of vitamin Cs, 0.2 part of ecdyson, 48 parts of combined Chinese herb components.Mix homogeneously, packing at normal temperatures after above material component weighed in proportion, packing warehouse-in at last.
Described combined Chinese herb component comprises following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 36 parts in Spica Prunellae powder, 16 parts of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizomes, 10 parts of Chinese Taxillus Herbs, 30 parts of Chinese Gentian Roots, 8 parts of Dried Tangerine Peels, mix homogeneously is mixed-powder.
Result of use of the present invention is as follows:
1, being applied to Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultures: the Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Gaoyou, Jiangsu is cultured the pool, and area is 5 mu, is the cement plate bank protection around this pool, and the end is a soil property, and the depth of water is more than 1 meter.Summer high temperature is the pond water quality overrich when (7～August), and ammonia nitrogen, nitrite exceed standard in the water quality, influences the shell growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and " the commentaries on classics pool " phenomenon and the disease of shrimp are serious, and ingestion ability descends.To be applied to culture in the pond by the water body of the promotion shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust of example 1 prescription and the diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing, consumption be 500g/ mu Mi Shuishen.Recover normal with shrimps are movable one day after with ingesting, normal shell after three days, the state of an illness is effectively controlled.
2, one Penaeus vannamei cultivating pool uses in the Shangyu, Zhejiang, 10 mu of areas, summer high temperature is the pond water quality overrich when (7～August), water colour is bad, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide etc. exceed standard in the water quality, and the substrate blackout is smelly, influences the growth of Penaeus vannamei, " the commentaries on classics pool " phenomenon of shrimp is serious, has found to have a liking for the infection of aqueous Aeromonas.To be applied to culture in the pond by the water body of the promotion shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust of example 1 prescription and the diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing, consumption be 1Kg/ mu Mi Shuishen.With back three days sample analysis, compare with no contrast pond, the mda content of Penaeus vannamei body has descended 8.25%, and the vigor of catalase and superoxide dismutase risen respectively 12.16 % and 9.58% have significantly improved antioxidation and the anti-stress ability of shrimp; The slight infection of aqueous Aeromonas is had a liking in the test pond, and the shrimp mortality rate is 6%, and the shrimp mortality rate in contrast pond reaches 20%.
3, use at Gaochun, Jiangsu one river crab cultivation pond, area is 5 mu, because of calcium source deficiency in institute's bait throwing in material, adds that the pasture and water growth has absorbed a large amount of calcium in the water body, cause crab because of the calcium deficiency shell slow and duricrust difficulty, the soft crab mortality rate is higher.Naming a person for a particular job in a fine morning 10 is applied to culture in the pond by the water body of the promotion shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust of example 3 prescriptions and the diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing, and consumption is 1Kg/ mu Mi Shuishen.Obviously promote with crab vigor one day after, after two days shell normal, soft crab obviously reduces, the growth recovery of crab is normal.
Claims (2)
1. promote the water body of shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust and the diseases prevention anti-stress compound formulation of splashing, it is characterized in that: comprise following component, its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 8 ~ 12 parts of glucoses, 1 ~ 4 part in sodium chloride, 1 ~ 3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 ~ 3 part in magnesium sulfate, 15 ~ 22 parts in calcium chloride, 3 ~ 7 parts of calcium lactate, 1 ~ 5 part of taurine, 0 ~ 3 part of trimethyl glycine, 0 ~ 2 part of vitamin C, 0 ~ 0.4 part of ecdyson, 48 ~ 55 parts of combined Chinese herb components; After above material component weighed in proportion at normal temperatures mix homogeneously be the water body type compound formulation of splashing.
2. promotion shrimp Eriocheir sinensis shell duricrust as claimed in claim 1 and the diseases prevention anti-stress water body compound formulation of splashing, it is characterized in that: described combined Chinese herb component comprises following component, and its component ratio is counted by weight:
Get 29 ~ 38 parts in Spica Prunellae powder, 15 ~ 22 parts of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizomes, 6 ~ 12 parts of Chinese Taxillus Herbs, 26 ~ 33 parts of Chinese Gentian Roots, 6 ~ 12 parts of Dried Tangerine Peels, mix homogeneously.
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| CN105146217A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-16 | 无锡华诺威动物保健品有限公司 | Growth promoting additive for crustacean breeding and preparation method of growth promoting additive |
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| CN102599356A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-07-25 | 广东粤海饲料集团有限公司 | Feed additive for preventing soft shell disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii |
| CN103431202A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-11 | 宁波大学 | Anti-stress reinforcing agent for portunus trituberculatus and application thereof |
| CN105146217B (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2019-03-08 | 无锡华诺威动物保健品有限公司 | A kind of crustacean aquaculture growth-promoting additive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107467406A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-15 | 胡从玉 | It is a kind of to suppress the unsuccessful sick feed for river crab of shell |
| CN107751066A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-06 | 宿松县东求水产开发有限公司 | A kind of method of replenishing the calcium of crab |
| CN107981097A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-05-04 | 广州智龙生物科技有限公司 | Promote the nutrient and its preparation and application of aquatic crustacean health |
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