CN105124275A - Biological puffing feed for river crabs - Google Patents
Biological puffing feed for river crabs Download PDFInfo
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- CN105124275A CN105124275A CN201510573014.7A CN201510573014A CN105124275A CN 105124275 A CN105124275 A CN 105124275A CN 201510573014 A CN201510573014 A CN 201510573014A CN 105124275 A CN105124275 A CN 105124275A
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Abstract
The invention provides a biological puffing feed for riber crabs. The biological puffing feed comprises choline chloride, table salt, dicalcium phosphate, squid powder, spirulina powder, corn starch, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder, a complex vitamin additive, soybean meal, a solid microecological preparation, a complex mineral additive, phytase and a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive, wherein the solid microecological preparation is compounded by a solid bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, a solid saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium microbial inoculum, and a solid denitrifying bacterium microbial inoculum in the proportion of the solid bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, to the solid saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium microbial inoculum, and the solid denitrifying bacterium microbial inoculum being 3:1:1.5. Chinese herbal medicines are utilized, so that the immunity of the river crabs can be effectively strengthened; besides, the complex vitamin additive, the complex mineral additive and the phytase are matched, so that nutrient components in the crabs can be regulated, and the meat quality and the mouth feel of the crabs are improved. The solid microecological preparation can improve the water quality in the process of raising the river crabs, and the raised river crabs are mellow and delicious in the meat quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of feed, particularly relate to the expanded biological feedstuff of a kind of river crab.
Background technology
Aquaculture is one of whole world agricultural with fastest developing speed, the development of high-efficiency feed.River crab (Eriocheirsinensis) is commonly called as river crab, and Zootaxy is under the jurisdiction of Crustachia (Crustacca), Decapoda (Decapoda), Grapsidae (Grapsidae), suede huge legendary turtle crab genus (Eriocheir).Have growth fast, fine and tender taste, the commodity advantages such as delicious flavour, economic worth is high, one of oneself pillar industry becoming aquatic products industry of its aquaculture.But due to the continuous generation of the disease such as river crab is bacillary and viral, seriously affect the breeding production of river crab.
In addition, along with developing rapidly of culture of Chinese mitten crab industry, the traditional bait such as trash fish declines due to stock number, nutritional labeling is unbalanced, the reasons such as health quality can not be guaranteed cannot meet its huge cultivation demand, the development of novel fodder and apply the key factor becoming and promote culture of Chinese mitten crab industry sustainable health development.
The object strengthen river crab immunity function for reaching, improving river crab premunition, the immunologic mechanism of research river crab, carries out the research and development of immunostimulant, is one of effective means performing organic aquaculture standard.Existing research shows, crustacean is the same with other invertebrate, and lack the specific immune function that vertebrate has, its immune response depends on nonspecific immunity mechanism.
The disease-prevention health effect of Chinese medicine is obvious, and reason is the composition containing enhancing immunologic function in Chinese medicine material, effectively can regulate non-specific antimicrobial antiviral agent in animal body.Therefore, Chinese herbal medicine can be adopted to accompany bait to throw something and feed to start and regulate the nospecific immunity of river crab, improve himself immunocompetence.Meanwhile, the interpolation of Chinese herbal medicine can also coordinate the nutritional labeling in other raw materials adjustment crab body, improves meat and mouthfeel.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the expanded biological feedstuff of a kind of river crab, and it contains Chinese herb feed additive composition, and Chinese herbal medicine can be utilized effectively to strengthen the immunocompetence of river crab, can adjust the nutritional labeling in crab body simultaneously, improve meat and mouthfeel.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the expanded biological feedstuff of a kind of river crab, comprising: Choline Chloride, salt, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, squid powder, spirulina powder, cornstarch, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder, compound vitamin additive, dregs of beans, solid probiotics, composite mineral matter additive, phytase and Chinese herbal feed additive; Described solid probiotics is that bacillus subtilis solid fungicide, S. cervisiae solid fungicide, denitrifying bacteria solid fungicide is formulated according to part by weight 3:1:1.5; Solid probiotics can reduce the content of the harmful substances such as the ammonia nitrogen ite of water body effectively, reduces feed coefficient, reduces production cost, rapid Optimal culture environment, strengthens cultured fishes resistance against diseases, promotes the quick growth of cultivation object.
The weight portion of each raw material is respectively Choline Chloride 0.5 ~ 1.5 part, salt 3 ~ 5 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3 part, squid powder 30 ~ 40 parts, spirulina powder 10 ~ 15 parts, cornstarch 5 ~ 15 parts, 1 ~ 3 part, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder 1 ~ 3 part, compound vitamin additive 0.5 ~ 1.5 part, dregs of beans 20 ~ 30 parts, solid probiotics 0.2 ~ 0.5 part, composite mineral matter additive 0.3 ~ 0.6 part, phytase 0.03 ~ 0.1 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 6 ~ 8 parts.
Wherein, in the expanded biological feedstuff of described river crab, the weight portion of each raw material is respectively Choline Chloride 1.2 parts, salt 4.5 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2 parts, squid powder 35 parts, spirulina powder 12 parts, cornstarch 10 parts, 2 parts, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder 2 parts, compound vitamin additive 1 part, dregs of beans 25 parts, solid probiotics 0.3 part, composite mineral matter additive 0.5 part, phytase 0.05 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 3 parts.
Wherein, the bulk drug of described Chinese herbal feed additive comprises king taro, Chinese yam, adenophora tetraphylla, saline cistanche, hawthorn, white thizoma curculiginis, ti, ajuga decumbens, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma, myrrh, prolongs grass, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sea-buckthorn, white slurry rattan and persimmon parasitism;
In described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 25 ~ 35 parts, Chinese yam 20 ~ 30 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 15 ~ 25 parts, saline cistanche 15 ~ 25 parts, hawthorn 10 ~ 20 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 10 ~ 20 parts, ti 5 ~ 15 parts, ajuga decumbens 5 ~ 15 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 5 ~ 15 parts, myrrh 10 ~ 20 parts, prolongs grass 15 ~ 25 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 5 ~ 15 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 15 ~ 25 parts, sea-buckthorn 10 ~ 20 parts, white slurry 10 ~ 20 parts, rattan and persimmon parasitism 5 ~ 15 parts.
Wherein, in described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 28 ~ 32 parts, Chinese yam 23 ~ 27 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 18 ~ 22 parts, saline cistanche 18 ~ 22 parts, hawthorn 13 ~ 17 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 13 ~ 17 parts, ti 8 ~ 12 parts, ajuga decumbens 8 ~ 12 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 8 ~ 12 parts, myrrh 13 ~ 17 parts, prolongs grass 18 ~ 22 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 8 ~ 12 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 18 ~ 22 parts, sea-buckthorn 13 ~ 17 parts, white slurry 13 ~ 17 parts, rattan and persimmon parasitism 8 ~ 12 parts.
Wherein, in described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 30 parts, Chinese yam 25 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 20 parts, saline cistanche 20 parts, hawthorn 15 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 15 parts, ti 10 parts, ajuga decumbens 10 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 10 parts, myrrh 15 parts, prolongs grass 20 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 10 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 20 parts, sea-buckthorn 15 parts, white slurry 15 parts, rattan and parasitic 10 parts of persimmon.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of said herbal medicine feed addictive, be specially:
Take each bulk drug according to described weight portion in grams, pulverize, mix, obtain mixture, decoct every 500 grams of mixtures first and add cold water 800-1000 milliliter, by whole raw material soaking after 30 points to 60 minutes, 30 minutes at a simmer, leach concoction; Add cold water 500-800 milliliter slow fire again and decoct 20-25 minute again, leach concoction for twice and mix even, concentrated removal moisture, dry, pulverize subsequently, obtain Chinese herbal feed additive.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the expanded biological feedstuff of above-mentioned river crab, comprising: the first step, take squid powder, dregs of beans, spirulina powder, cornstarch and loach powder in proportion, mix rear pulverizing, cross 45-55 mesh sieve, obtain crushed material;
Second step, take Choline Chloride, salt, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, phagostimulant fish oil, compound vitamin additive, solid probiotics, composite mineral matter additive, phytase, Chinese herbal feed additive in proportion, crushed material obtained by itself and the first step is mixed to evenly, obtains raw mixture;
3rd step, carries out modifier treatment by the raw mixture obtained by second step, and refining temperature is 60-68 DEG C, and the modified humidity to raw mixture is 13-15%;
4th step, sends the raw mixture after the 3rd step matter into feed-processing equipment and is processed into expanded biological feedstuff;
5th step, the expanded biological feedstuff of the 4th step gained is dry under 80 DEG C of conditions, be packaged into bag after being then cooled to room temperature.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Feed provided by the invention can utilize Chinese herbal medicine effectively to strengthen the immunocompetence of river crab, coordinate compound vitamin additive, composite mineral matter additive and phytase can adjust nutritional labeling in crab body simultaneously, improve meat and mouthfeel, solid probiotics can improve the water quality of river crab in feeding process, and the river crab meat of raising out is mellow, delicious.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides the expanded biological feedstuff of a kind of river crab, comprising: Choline Chloride, salt, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, squid powder, spirulina powder, cornstarch, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder, compound vitamin additive, dregs of beans, solid probiotics, composite mineral matter additive, phytase and Chinese herbal feed additive; Described solid probiotics is that bacillus subtilis solid fungicide, S. cervisiae solid fungicide, denitrifying bacteria solid fungicide is formulated according to part by weight 3:1:1.5; The interpolation of solid probiotics can improve water quality, improves the efficiency that river crab is raised, and river crab is grown faster, meat is more delicious.
The weight portion of each raw material is respectively Choline Chloride 0.5 ~ 1.5 part, salt 3 ~ 5 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3 part, squid powder 30 ~ 40 parts, spirulina powder 10 ~ 15 parts, cornstarch 5 ~ 15 parts, 1 ~ 3 part, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder 1 ~ 3 part, compound vitamin additive 0.5 ~ 1.5 part, dregs of beans 20 ~ 30 parts, solid probiotics 0.2 ~ 0.5 part, composite mineral matter additive 0.3 ~ 0.6 part, phytase 0.03 ~ 0.1 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 6 ~ 8 parts.
Further preferably, the expanded biological feedstuff of described river crab is only prepared from by above-mentioned raw materials.
Further preferably, in the expanded biological feedstuff of described river crab, the weight portion of each raw material is respectively Choline Chloride 1.2 parts, salt 4.5 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2 parts, squid powder 35 parts, spirulina powder 12 parts, cornstarch 10 parts, 2 parts, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder 2 parts, compound vitamin additive 1 part, dregs of beans 25 parts, solid probiotics 0.3 part, composite mineral matter additive 0.5 part, phytase 0.05 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 3 parts.
Preferably further, the bulk drug of described Chinese herbal feed additive comprises king taro, Chinese yam, adenophora tetraphylla, saline cistanche, hawthorn, white thizoma curculiginis, ti, ajuga decumbens, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma, myrrh, prolongs grass, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sea-buckthorn, white slurry rattan and persimmon parasitism;
In described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 25 ~ 35 parts, Chinese yam 20 ~ 30 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 15 ~ 25 parts, saline cistanche 15 ~ 25 parts, hawthorn 10 ~ 20 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 10 ~ 20 parts, ti 5 ~ 15 parts, ajuga decumbens 5 ~ 15 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 5 ~ 15 parts, myrrh 10 ~ 20 parts, prolongs grass 15 ~ 25 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 5 ~ 15 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 15 ~ 25 parts, sea-buckthorn 10 ~ 20 parts, white slurry 10 ~ 20 parts, rattan and persimmon parasitism 5 ~ 15 parts.
Further preferably, described Chinese herbal feed additive is only prepared from by above-mentioned raw materials medicine.
In described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 28 ~ 32 parts, Chinese yam 23 ~ 27 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 18 ~ 22 parts, saline cistanche 18 ~ 22 parts, hawthorn 13 ~ 17 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 13 ~ 17 parts, ti 8 ~ 12 parts, ajuga decumbens 8 ~ 12 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 8 ~ 12 parts, myrrh 13 ~ 17 parts, prolongs grass 18 ~ 22 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 8 ~ 12 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 18 ~ 22 parts, sea-buckthorn 13 ~ 17 parts, white slurry 13 ~ 17 parts, rattan and persimmon parasitism 8 ~ 12 parts.
Most preferably, in described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 30 parts, Chinese yam 25 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 20 parts, saline cistanche 20 parts, hawthorn 15 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 15 parts, ti 10 parts, ajuga decumbens 10 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 10 parts, myrrh 15 parts, prolongs grass 20 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 10 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 20 parts, sea-buckthorn 15 parts, white slurry 15 parts, rattan and parasitic 10 parts of persimmon.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of said herbal medicine feed addictive, be specially:
Take each bulk drug according to described weight portion in grams, pulverize, mix, obtain mixture, decoct every 500 grams of mixtures first and add cold water 800-1000 milliliter, by whole raw material soaking after 30 points to 60 minutes, 30 minutes at a simmer, leach concoction; Add cold water 500-800 milliliter slow fire again and decoct 20-25 minute again, leach concoction for twice and mix even, concentrated removal moisture, dry, pulverize subsequently, obtain Chinese herbal feed additive.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the expanded biological feedstuff of above-mentioned river crab, comprising: the first step, take squid powder, dregs of beans, spirulina powder, cornstarch and loach powder in proportion, mix rear pulverizing, cross 45-55 mesh sieve, obtain crushed material;
Second step, take Choline Chloride, salt, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, phagostimulant fish oil, compound vitamin additive, solid probiotics, composite mineral matter additive, phytase, Chinese herbal feed additive in proportion, crushed material obtained by itself and the first step is mixed to evenly, obtains raw mixture;
3rd step, carries out modifier treatment by the raw mixture obtained by second step, and refining temperature is 60-68 DEG C, and the modified humidity to raw mixture is 13-15%;
4th step, sends the raw mixture after the 3rd step matter into feed-processing equipment and is processed into expanded biological feedstuff;
5th step, the expanded biological feedstuff of the 4th step gained is dry under 80 DEG C of conditions, be packaged into bag after being then cooled to room temperature.
Described compound vitamin additive can adopt commercially available any aquatic products compound vitamin additive, what adopt in the present invention is the aquatic products multidimensional that Zheng Zhoudong herds chemical products Co., Ltd and provides, and its main component is (every kilogram of content): retinol1 100000IU; Vitamine D3 320000IU; Nicotinic acid 7800mg; Vitamin E2 500mg; VB11 000mg; Biotin 8mg; Vitamin B2 2000mg; Vitamin B6 1000mg; Folic acid 400mg; Vitamin B12 125mg; Vitamin C 18000mg; Enzyme 1000mg; Potassium 1.1%; Salt 4.5% methionine 400mg; Moisture≤10%.
Described composite mineral matter additive can adopt commercially available any aquatic products composite mineral matter additive, the nutrition Shu Le that Bao Ji bio tech ltd, preferred Hangzhou provides, raw material composition comprises calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, iodine, manganese, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus acidophilus, montmorillonite.
Below adopt embodiment to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, to the present invention, how application technology means solve technical problem whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
Embodiment 1 Chinese herbal feed additive
Take king taro 30g, Chinese yam 25g, adenophora tetraphylla 20g, saline cistanche 20g, hawthorn 15g, white thizoma curculiginis 15g, ti 10g, ajuga decumbens 10g, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 10g, myrrh 15g, prolong careless 20g, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 10g, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 20g, sea-buckthorn 15g, white slurry rattan 15g and the parasitic 10g of persimmon, pulverize, mix, obtain mixture, decoct every 500g mixture first and add 1000 milliliters, cold water, by whole raw material soaking after 60 minutes, 30 minutes at a simmer, leach concoction; Add cold water 800 milliliters of slow fire again and decoct 25 minutes again, leach concoction for twice and mix even, concentrated removal moisture, dry, pulverize subsequently, obtain Chinese herbal feed additive.
Toxicity detection
1, acute toxicity test
Application mouse carries out acute toxicity testing and shows: Mouse oral gavage Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention, under 488.8g crude drug/kg dosage, after administration, mouse occurs that light activity reduces, 1 hours recovers normal, Continuous Observation 7 days after administration, none animal dead, its overall health of patients, diet, take the photograph water, urine and body weight increase all normal, experimental result shows: the maximum dosage-feeding of Mouse oral gavage Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention is 488.8g crude drug/kg/d (LD
50> 488.8g crude drug/kg).Point out this feed addictive acute toxicity low, clinical drug safety.
2, long term toxicity test
Select SD rat, give the Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention of variable concentrations (18.0,6.0,2.0g crude drug/kg), every day gavage once, continuous 90 days, within after last administration 24 hours, respectively group is alive kills 1/2 animal (male and female half and half), and all the other 1/2 animals continue observations 2 weeks rear living and kill.Duration of test observes outward appearance, general behavior, food ration, the changes of weight of animal, within after administration 90 days, within 2 weeks, carries out the index checking such as hematology (RBC, HB, granulophilocyte, PLT, CT, WBC and classification) and blood biochemical (AST, ALT, ALP, Glu, BUN, Crea, TP, T.BIL, ALB, CHOL), urine biochemistry, organ coefficient, Histopathology with drug withdrawal.Result of the test shows: preparation of the present invention is good at high, medium and low dosage treated animal general state, and outward appearance sign, behavioral activity, food-intake and body weight increase change all without exception; Three dosage groups and control group hematological examination, blood biochemical analysis, urine biochemical analysis all in normal range (NR), without significant difference between group; Each group of main organs histopathological examination shows no obvious abnormalities.These parameters drug withdrawal also had no change after 2 weeks.Rat is had no significant effect in high, medium and low three dosage (18.0,6.0,2.0g crude drug/kg) administration in continuous 90 days according to result of the test Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention, without clear and definite toxicity target organ and sensitive indicator, convalescence observation also has no retardance toxic reaction, points out Chinese herbal feed additive security of the present invention higher.
Embodiment 2 feed 1
Take squid powder 350g, dregs of beans 250g, loach powder 20g, cornstarch 100g, mix rear pulverizing, cross 55 mesh sieves, obtain crushed material, take Choline Chloride 12g, salt 45g, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 20g, phagostimulant fish oil 20g, compound vitamin additive aquatic products multidimensional 10g, composite mineral matter additive nutrition Shu Le 5g, phytase 0.5g, Chinese herbal feed additive 30g prepared by embodiment 1 is added in crushed material above, obtain raw mixture, obtained raw mixture is carried out modifier treatment, refining temperature is 60 DEG C, the modified humidity to raw mixture is 13%, raw mixture feeding feed-processing equipment after modified is processed into expanded biological feedstuff, the expanded biological feedstuff of gained is dry under 80 DEG C of conditions, then bag is packaged into after being cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 3 feed 2
Take squid powder 350g, dregs of beans 250g, thin pork 150g, cornstarch 100g, mix rear pulverizing, cross 55 mesh sieves, obtain crushed material, take Choline Chloride 10g, salt 40g, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 20g, phagostimulant fish oil 20g, compound vitamin additive aquatic products multidimensional 10g, composite mineral matter additive nutrition Shu Le 5g, phytase 0.5g is added in crushed material above, obtain raw mixture, obtained raw mixture is carried out modifier treatment, refining temperature is 60 DEG C, the modified humidity to raw mixture is 13%, raw mixture feeding feed-processing equipment after modified is processed into expanded biological feedstuff, the expanded biological feedstuff of gained is dry under 80 DEG C of conditions, then bag is packaged into after being cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 4 feeds data
Test site is certain characteristic aquaculture base.With plastics purse seine, a pond being separated into 6 sizes is 500m
2little pond, establish two processed group altogether, feed 1 prepared by embodiment of throwing something and feeding respectively 2 and feed 2 prepared by embodiment 3, often kind of bait arrange 3 parallel.The group # of feeding feed 1 is B, and the group # of feeding feed 2 is A.
Test is with crab purchased from certain culture of Chinese mitten crab base, and seed appendage perfects, and specification is (10.01
+1.02) g.Breeding density is 15000/hm
2, female-male proportion is 1:1.
Aquaculture management
Start normally to throw something and feed after water temperature rises to 15 DEG C, wherein two groups feed day feeding volume be 2% ~ 5% of crab gross weight, every day at dusk throws something and feeds once, adjusts feeding volume in time depending on weather conditions.Cultivate early stage controlling water level at about 1m, per week adding to two weeks, changes water once; High temperature time water level is increased to 1.3 ~ 1.5m, and adds weekly (changing) one to twice water, is about about 1/4 of 20 ~ 40cm or pond total Water at every turn.Periodic detection crab pond water quality condition, controls more than dissolved oxygen in water 3mg/L, pH=7.0 ~ 8.5, pond, ammonia nitrogen (NH
4 +-N) <0.2mg/L, nitrite (NO
2 --N) <0.1mg/L, hydrogen sulfide (S
2-) <0.001mg/L.
Sample collection and analysis
Culture experiment started from May 20th, 2013, to end of day November 5 in 2013, lasted 231d altogether, taked each 20 of male and female crab at random, Weighing body quality at the end of cultivation from each test tank, and measurement shell is long, shell is wide and record.Carry out vivisection subsequently, take the tissues such as hepatopancrease, sexual gland, muscle, calculate the indexs such as hepatopancreatic cell (HSI), genital gland indices (GSI), dressing percentage (%).And fresh hepatopancrease, sexual gland and muscle are deposited in-20 DEG C of refrigerators be used for biochemical measurement.
Hepatopancreatic cell (HIS, %)=hepatopancrease weight/crab weight × 100
Genital gland indices (GSI, %)=sexual gland weight/crab weight × 100
Dressing percentage (%)=muscle weight/crab weight × 100
105 DEG C, drying box is dried and is measured moisture, the each tissue protein content of Kjeldahl nitrogen determination, by Folch method (FolchJ, LeesM, SloaneStanleyG.Asimplemethodfortheisolationandpurificati onoftotallipidsfromanimaltissues.JournalofBiologicalChem istry, 1957, 226 (1): 497-509) fat content is measured, lipid and fatty acid analysis (Wu Xugan is carried out by methods such as Wu Xugan, Cheng Yongxu, Tang Baiping, Deng Onchidium struma lay eggs front and back lipid and aliphatic acid composition change, animal journal, 2007, 53 (6): 1089-1100), lipid component and content of fatty acid calculate and adopt area percentage method.
Use SPSS15.0 statistical software carry out analyzing and processing, measurement data with
(average ± standard deviation) represents, meets normal distribution person and adopts t to check, do not meet normal distribution person and adopt rank test, and enumeration data adopts
x 2inspection, with P < 0.05 for difference has statistical significance.
Growth indexes result
Two groups of crab situations of growing compare, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The situation of growing of table 1 liang group crab compares
As can be seen from Table 1, adopt feed 1 provided by the invention to carry out feeding, the survival rate of crab, output, dressing percentage and weight are not more added Chinese herbal feed additive and are significantly improved, p<0.05.
Two groups of crab Body components compare, and the results are shown in Table 2.
The table 2 liang each organizational routine biochemical composition of group crab body compares
As can be seen from Table 2, adopt the feed containing Chinese herbal feed additive provided by the invention can significantly improve crude fat content in hepatopancrease, sexual gland and muscle and crude protein content, with the group significant difference not adding Chinese herbal feed additive, be more conducive to absorption and the deposition of river crab body fat.
Two groups of crab lipid ratio of components comparatively, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 liang group crab edible part lipid composition
Lipid is the important energy reserves material of crustacean, and wherein triglycerides is main storage form.Table 3 shows, and adopts the group hepatopancrease of Chinese herbal feed additive, sexual gland and muscle content of triglyceride all higher than the group of not adding Chinese herbal feed additive, shows that the energy accumulation of B group is better than A group.
Immune indexes is analyzed
The immune response of Shrimp waste crustacean depends on nospecific immunity, nospecific immunity enzyme has important function in body defenses system, and the immunoenzymatic oxidation resistance power such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase reflects the immune state of animal body indirectly.
Activities of antioxidant enzymes is analyzed: fracture from young crab foot of a chela base joint and get hemolymph, be placed in Eppendorf pipe and spend the night at 4 DEG C, and after high speed freezing centrifuge is centrifugal, to put into-80 DEG C of preservations to be measured for sucking-off serum.The kit that the active mensuration of TAC T-AOC in serum and hepatopancrease, musculature, superoxide dismutase (SOD), MDA (MDA), catalase (CAT) all adopts Nanjing, Jiangsu Province to build up biological study to produce, assay method carries out with reference to description.
The impact of table 4 serum anti-oxidation function
Table 4 can be found out, adopt feed provided by the invention can significantly improve TAC T-AOC, superoxide dismutase (SOD), MDA (MDA), catalase (CAT) level in crab serum, comparatively A group significant difference, p<0.05.
Table 5 muscle anti-oxidation function affects
Table 5 can be found out, adopt feed provided by the invention can significantly improve TAC T-AOC, superoxide dismutase (SOD), MDA (MDA), catalase (CAT) level in crab muscle, comparatively A group significant difference, p<0.05.
Table 6 hepatopancrease anti-oxidation function affects
Table 6 can be found out, adopt feed provided by the invention can significantly improve TAC T-AOC, superoxide dismutase (SOD), MDA (MDA), catalase (CAT) level in crab hepatopancrease, comparatively A group significant difference, p<0.05.
All above-mentioned this intellectual properties of primary enforcement, not setting restriction this new product of other forms of enforcement and/or new method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on new product of the present invention.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the expanded biological feedstuff of river crab, it is characterized in that, comprising: Choline Chloride, salt, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, squid powder, spirulina powder, cornstarch, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder, compound vitamin additive, dregs of beans, solid probiotics, composite mineral matter additive, phytase and Chinese herbal feed additive; Described solid probiotics is that bacillus subtilis solid fungicide, S. cervisiae solid fungicide, denitrifying bacteria solid fungicide is formulated according to part by weight 3:1:1.5;
The weight portion of each raw material is respectively Choline Chloride 0.5 ~ 1.5 part, salt 3 ~ 5 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3 part, squid powder 30 ~ 40 parts, spirulina powder 10 ~ 15 parts, cornstarch 5 ~ 15 parts, 1 ~ 3 part, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder 1 ~ 3 part, compound vitamin additive 0.5 ~ 1.5 part, dregs of beans 20 ~ 30 parts, solid probiotics 0.2 ~ 0.5 part, composite mineral matter additive 0.3 ~ 0.6 part, phytase 0.03 ~ 0.1 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 6 ~ 8 parts.
2. the expanded biological feedstuff of river crab as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the expanded biological feedstuff of described river crab, the weight portion of each raw material is respectively Choline Chloride 1.2 parts, salt 4.5 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 2 parts, squid powder 35 parts, spirulina powder 12 parts, cornstarch 10 parts, 2 parts, phagostimulant fish oil, loach powder 2 parts, compound vitamin additive 1 part, dregs of beans 25 parts, solid probiotics 0.3 part, composite mineral matter additive 0.5 part, phytase 0.05 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 3 parts.
3. the expanded biological feedstuff of river crab as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the bulk drug of described Chinese herbal feed additive comprises king taro, Chinese yam, adenophora tetraphylla, saline cistanche, hawthorn, white thizoma curculiginis, ti, ajuga decumbens, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma, myrrh, prolongs grass, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sea-buckthorn, white slurry rattan and persimmon parasitism;
In described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 25 ~ 35 parts, Chinese yam 20 ~ 30 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 15 ~ 25 parts, saline cistanche 15 ~ 25 parts, hawthorn 10 ~ 20 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 10 ~ 20 parts, ti 5 ~ 15 parts, ajuga decumbens 5 ~ 15 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 5 ~ 15 parts, myrrh 10 ~ 20 parts, prolongs grass 15 ~ 25 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 5 ~ 15 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 15 ~ 25 parts, sea-buckthorn 10 ~ 20 parts, white slurry 10 ~ 20 parts, rattan and persimmon parasitism 5 ~ 15 parts.
4. the expanded biological feedstuff of river crab as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: in described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 28 ~ 32 parts, Chinese yam 23 ~ 27 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 18 ~ 22 parts, saline cistanche 18 ~ 22 parts, hawthorn 13 ~ 17 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 13 ~ 17 parts, ti 8 ~ 12 parts, ajuga decumbens 8 ~ 12 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 8 ~ 12 parts, myrrh 13 ~ 17 parts, prolongs grass 18 ~ 22 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 8 ~ 12 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 18 ~ 22 parts, sea-buckthorn 13 ~ 17 parts, white slurry 13 ~ 17 parts, rattan and persimmon parasitism 8 ~ 12 parts.
5. the expanded biological feedstuff of river crab as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: in described Chinese herbal feed additive, the weight portion of each bulk drug is respectively king taro 30 parts, Chinese yam 25 parts, adenophora tetraphylla 20 parts, saline cistanche 20 parts, hawthorn 15 parts, white thizoma curculiginis 15 parts, ti 10 parts, ajuga decumbens 10 parts, root of Twelve stamen Melastoma 10 parts, myrrh 15 parts, prolongs grass 20 parts, franzenbach rhubarb root and rhizome 10 parts, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 20 parts, sea-buckthorn 15 parts, white slurry 15 parts, rattan and parasitic 10 parts of persimmon.
6. the preparation method of the expanded biological feedstuff of the arbitrary described river crab of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that, comprising: the first step, take squid powder, dregs of beans, spirulina powder, cornstarch and loach powder in proportion, mix rear pulverizing, cross 45-55 mesh sieve, obtain crushed material;
Second step, take Choline Chloride, salt, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, phagostimulant fish oil, compound vitamin additive, solid probiotics, composite mineral matter additive, phytase, Chinese herbal feed additive in proportion, crushed material obtained by itself and the first step is mixed to evenly, obtains raw mixture;
3rd step, carries out modifier treatment by the raw mixture obtained by second step, and refining temperature is 60-68 DEG C, and the modified humidity to raw mixture is 13-15%;
4th step, sends the raw mixture after the 3rd step matter into feed-processing equipment and is processed into expanded biological feedstuff;
5th step, the expanded biological feedstuff of the 4th step gained is dry under 80 DEG C of conditions, be packaged into bag after being then cooled to room temperature.
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| CN201510573014.7A CN105124275A (en) | 2015-09-10 | 2015-09-10 | Biological puffing feed for river crabs |
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| CN105795165A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-07-27 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Feed capable of promoting crab growth |
| CN105876270A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-24 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Feed for improving crab flavor |
| CN105935107A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-14 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Feed for increasing crab feed intake |
| CN106490299A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-03-15 | 常州市鼎升环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that recovery Sewage Plant second pond sludge prepares feed for shrimp and crab |
| CN106720942A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 上海创博生态工程有限公司 | A kind of additive for microbe feedstuff for improving Eriocheir sinensis meat and preparation method thereof |
| CN107811148A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-20 | 安徽永言河蟹原种场 | One kind, which improves river crab and is immunized, makes every effort to promote digestion feed |
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