CN109349458B - Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish, which comprises a main material and an auxiliary material, wherein the mass ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is 4: 1-8: 1; the main material consists of honeysuckle, gerbera jamesonii, black nightshade and mulberry leaves, and the mass ratio of the raw materials is 3:3:3: 2; the auxiliary materials comprise shepherd's purse, sedum sarmentosum, kale and radix bupleuri, and the mass ratio of the raw materials is 1:1:1: 1. The additive can effectively prevent the occurrence of liver and pancreas functional diseases of crayfish and protect liver functions.

Description

Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crayfish breeding, in particular to a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting the liver and pancreas of crayfish and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The crayfish is also called procambarus clarkia, and is a species of freshwater crayfish. The crayfish meat has delicious taste, unique flavor, high protein content and low fat content, and the crayfish roe has crab roe taste, particularly has rich calcium, phosphorus and iron content and is an animal food with higher nutritional value. According to data of a 2017 Chinese crayfish industry development report published by fishery administration of the department of agriculture and national aquaculture technology popularization central station day by day, the consumption of Chinese crayfish in 2016 reaches 87.93 ten thousand tons, the output value is 564.10 million yuan, the total economic value is 1466.10 million yuan, and nearly 500 million people are used by workers in the whole industry chain. This means that the crayfish industry has been forced to ascend in the new "billions" market. Since the beginning of the 20 th century, many cultivation workers have been dedicated to the research of artificial breeding of lobsters, cultivation technology and the like. However, only limited progress has been made in the breeding of crayfish larvae so far, some technical problems have not been overcome, and large-scale breeding production has not been achieved.

The hepatopancreas, also known as the midgut gland, is an important component of the digestive system of decapod crustaceans, has the functions of synthesizing and secreting digestive enzymes and storing fats and glycogens, can absorb and digest nutrient substances, and also influences the excretion and molting cycles of animals. The hepatopancreas of the crayfish is proved to have the well-known functions of digestion and detoxification, and more importantly, the hepatopancreas and the ovary synchronously synthesize vitellogenin in the breeding stage of the crayfish, and the health degree of the hepatopancreas and the ovary directly influences the growth and breeding effects of the crayfish.

At present, the hepatopancreas function of the crayfish is not taken into consideration, so that the problems of small crayfish body, growth retardation, molting stagnation and the like in the artificial breeding stage are caused, and the development of an industrial chain is influenced. Meanwhile, high-density culture also causes multiple hepatopancreatic diseases. The feed mainly comes from two aspects, namely, the feed contains excessive medicament additive pollution, and the feed also comes from the pollution of harmful substances such as medicament residues in water, and the toxins can cause the damage and even failure of the hepatopancreas of the small shrimps. Therefore, how to protect the internal organs of crayfish such as liver and pancreas during crayfish breeding is an important but overlooked problem for a long time. The formula is developed successfully by using the characteristics of maintenance and repair of liver functions of the bioactive components of the Chinese herbal medicines and combining the compatibility characteristics of different Chinese herbal medicines.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the applicant of the invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting the liver and pancreas of crayfish and a preparation method thereof. The additive can effectively prevent the occurrence of liver and pancreas functional diseases of crayfish and protect liver functions.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish comprises a main material and an auxiliary material, wherein the mass ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is 4: 1-8: 1; the main material consists of honeysuckle, gerbera jamesonii, black nightshade and mulberry leaves, and the mass ratio of the raw materials is 3:3:3: 2; the auxiliary materials comprise shepherd's purse, sedum sarmentosum, kale and radix bupleuri, and the mass ratio of the raw materials is 1:1:1: 1.

The honeysuckle, the gerbera jamesonii, the black nightshade, the mulberry leaf, the shepherd's purse, the sedum sarmentosum, the kale and the bupleurum are all powder particles, and the granularity is 40-100 meshes. The herba Solani Nigri is whole plant.

A preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively baking flos Lonicerae, gerbera jamesonii, herba Solani Nigri, folium Mori, herba Capsellae, herba Sedi, herba Kalimeridis and bupleuri radix;

(2) pulverizing the baked Chinese herbal medicines into powder of 40-100 meshes;

(3) mixing the components in proportion, and drying the mixture for 2-6 days;

(4) the mixture is sealed and stored for later use.

The baking temperature in the step (1) is 90-100 ℃.

In the step (1), the honeysuckle, the gerbera jamesonii, the black nightshade, the mulberry leaf, the shepherdspurse herb, the stringy stonecrop herb, the kale and the bupleurum are subjected to freezing treatment before baking, and the treatment conditions are as follows: freezing for 30-60 s under the conditions that the temperature is-10 to-20 ℃ and the vacuum degree is 1.5-5 Pa.

When in use, the additive can be directly spread or mixed in feed to be stirred.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:

the formula can effectively prevent the occurrence of hepatopancreas functional diseases of crayfish and protect liver functions. During the experiment, the cultured crayfishes have no hepatopancreas related diseases. The formula aims to enhance the immunity of the crayfish, improve the metabolism, discharge various toxins, achieve the effects of protecting the liver and repairing the liver and the pancreas and improve the growth performance of the crayfish.

The Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting the hepatopancreas of the crayfish, provided by the invention, has the advantages of scientific compatibility, enhancement of shrimp immunity, liver protection and toxin expelling, and multiple functions of preventing diseases and improving the growth performance of the crayfish.

The production method provided by the invention has the advantages of simplicity and convenience, optimal collocation of the beneficial substances of all the components and easy mutual enhancement.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

Example 1

A preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting clean and sanitary honeysuckle, gerbera jamesonii, black nightshade (whole plant), mulberry leaf, shepherd's purse, stringy stonecrop herb, kale and radix bupleuri, and roasting the honeysuckle, the gerbera jamesonii, the black nightshade (whole plant), the mulberry leaf, the capsella bursa-pastoris, the stringy stonecrop herb, the kale and the radix bupleuri by using a conventional Chinese herbal medicine processing method, wherein the roasting temperature is 90 ℃; then crushing the various Chinese herbal medicines subjected to deactivation of enzymes and baking into small particles or powder, and sieving to ensure that the granularity of the particles is 80 meshes;

(2) after the components are crushed, uniformly mixing 30 g of honeysuckle, 30 g of gerbera jamesonii, 30 g of black nightshade, 20 g of mulberry leaf, 1 g of shepherd's purse, 1 g of stringy stonecrop herb, 1 g of kale and 1 g of radix bupleuri;

(3) placing the uniformly mixed mixture into a closed container, drying at 30 deg.C for 2 days by low temperature vacuum drying method, and packaging the mixture into a sealed bag for storage.

Example 2

A preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting clean and sanitary honeysuckle, gerbera jamesonii, black nightshade (whole plant), mulberry leaf, shepherd's purse, stringy stonecrop herb, kale and radix bupleuri, and roasting the honeysuckle, the gerbera jamesonii, the black nightshade (whole plant), the mulberry leaf, the capsella bursa-pastoris, the stringy stonecrop herb, the kale and the radix bupleuri by using a conventional Chinese herbal medicine processing method, wherein the roasting temperature is 100 ℃; then crushing the various Chinese herbal medicines subjected to deactivation of enzymes and baking into small particles or powder, and sieving to ensure that the granularity of the particles is 40 meshes;

(2) after the components are crushed, uniformly mixing the components according to the composition relationship of 30 g of honeysuckle, 30 g of gerbera jamesonii, 30 g of black nightshade, 20 g of mulberry leaf, 2 g of shepherd's purse and 2 g of sedum sarmentosum;

(3) placing the uniformly mixed mixture into a closed container, drying at 30 deg.C for 2 days by low temperature vacuum drying method, and packaging the mixture into a sealed bag for storage.

Example 3

A preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting a certain amount of clean and sanitary honeysuckle, gerbera jamesonii, black nightshade (whole grass), mulberry leaf, shepherd's purse, stringy stonecrop herb, kale and radix bupleuri, and roasting the honeysuckle, the gerbera jamesonii, the black nightshade and the radix bupleuri by using a conventional Chinese herbal medicine processing method, wherein the roasting temperature is 95 ℃; then crushing the various Chinese herbal medicines subjected to deactivation of enzymes and baking into small particles or powder, and sieving to ensure that the granularity of the particles is 100 meshes;

(2) after the components are crushed, uniformly mixing the components according to the composition relationship of 15 g of honeysuckle, 15 g of gerbera jamesonii, 15 g of black nightshade, 10 g of mulberry leaf, 1 g of kale and 1 g of radix bupleuri;

(3) placing the uniformly mixed mixture into a closed container, drying at 30 deg.C for 2 days by low temperature vacuum drying method, and packaging the mixture into a sealed bag for storage.

Example 4

A preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting clean and sanitary honeysuckle, gerbera jamesonii, black nightshade (whole plant), mulberry leaf, shepherd's purse, stringy stonecrop herb, kale and radix bupleuri, and roasting the honeysuckle, the gerbera jamesonii, the black nightshade (whole plant), the mulberry leaf, the capsella bursa-pastoris, the stringy stonecrop herb, the kale and the radix bupleuri by using a conventional Chinese herbal medicine processing method, wherein the roasting temperature is 90 ℃; then crushing the various Chinese herbal medicines subjected to deactivation of enzymes and baking into small particles or powder, and sieving to ensure that the granularity of the particles is 80 meshes;

(2) after the components are crushed, uniformly mixing 30 g of honeysuckle, 30 g of gerbera jamesonii, 30 g of black nightshade, 20 g of mulberry leaf, 1 g of shepherd's purse, 1 g of stringy stonecrop herb, 1 g of kale and 1 g of radix bupleuri;

(3) placing the uniformly mixed mixture into a closed container, drying at 30 deg.C for 2 days by low temperature vacuum drying method, and packaging the mixture into a sealed bag for storage.

The honeysuckle, the gerbera jamesonii, the black nightshade, the mulberry leaf, the shepherd's purse, the sedum sarmentosum, the kale and the radix bupleuri are subjected to freezing treatment before baking, and the treatment conditions are as follows: freezing at-15 deg.C under vacuum degree of 1.5 Pa for 30 s.

Comparative example

The African daisy in the embodiment 1 is replaced by wedelia chinensis, and other mixture ratios are unchanged.

Test example:

500 crayfish which are 5g or so in weight and have strong growth are selected and divided into 5 groups, 100 crayfish in each group are averaged, the additives of the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example are used, the additives are added into the feed of the general feed, the feed of the blank control group is not added with any additive, the conditions are the same except the additive, and the weight gain and the death rate of the crayfish are detected after the crayfish is raised for 40 days. The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Item	Average body weight/g	Mortality rate/%)
			Example 1	50	2
Example 2	53	1
			Example 3	52	0
Example 4	60	0
			Comparative example	48	4
Blank group	45	8

In the above examples, although the quality of the Chinese herbal medicines is different, the mass percentage of the 4 main materials is maintained in the following ratio of W honeysuckle flower, W African chrysanthemum, W black nightshade, W mulberry leaf 3:3:3: 2. The selection of the 4 auxiliary materials can be diversified on the basis of keeping a certain mass percentage, so that the exertion of the drug effect is ensured.

Claims (3)

1. The Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive for protecting liver and pancreas of crayfish is characterized by comprising a main material and an auxiliary material, wherein the mass ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is 4: 1-8: 1; the main material consists of honeysuckle, gerbera jamesonii, black nightshade and mulberry leaves, and the mass ratio of the raw materials is 3:3:3: 2; the auxiliary materials consist of shepherd's purse, sedum sarmentosum, kalanchoe and radix bupleuri, and the mass ratio of the raw materials is 1:1:1: 1;

the preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine health-care additive comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively baking flos Lonicerae, gerbera jamesonii, herba Solani Nigri, folium Mori, herba Capsellae, herba Sedi, herba Kalimeridis and bupleuri radix;

(2) pulverizing the baked Chinese herbal medicines into powder of 40-100 meshes;

(3) mixing the components in proportion, and drying the mixture for 2-6 days;

(4) sealing and storing the mixture for later use;

in the step (1), the honeysuckle, the gerbera jamesonii, the black nightshade, the mulberry leaf, the shepherdspurse herb, the stringy stonecrop herb, the kale and the bupleurum are subjected to freezing treatment before baking, and the treatment conditions are as follows: freezing for 30-60 s under the conditions that the temperature is-10 to-20 ℃ and the vacuum degree is 1.5-5 Pa.

2. The additive of claim 1, wherein the nightshade is whole grass.

3. Additive according to claim 1, wherein the baking temperature in step (1) is 90-100 ℃.