CN107027673B - High-yield intensive culture method for lobsters - Google Patents
High-yield intensive culture method for lobsters Download PDFInfo
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- CN107027673B CN107027673B CN201710375757.2A CN201710375757A CN107027673B CN 107027673 B CN107027673 B CN 107027673B CN 201710375757 A CN201710375757 A CN 201710375757A CN 107027673 B CN107027673 B CN 107027673B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters, which is characterized in that a round-catch and round-placement mode is adopted for culture within one year, so that the yield of the lobsters on the market is increased, the time of the lobsters on the market is advanced, the economic benefit of culture is improved, and the vacant period of a culture pond is filled; in addition, the operation of supplementing nutrient water, disinfecting and testing the shrimp fries before stocking reduces the irritability of the shrimp fries of the external river into the internal river for breeding, and can effectively improve the survival rate of the lobsters by 30-50 percent; the whole culture process has strong continuity, the lobster yield is high, and the average yield is about 1000 jin/mu.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lobster breeding method, in particular to a high-yield intensive breeding method for lobsters.
Background
The lobster meat is delicious and rich in nutrition, and is deeply loved by consumers. In the prior art, the cultivation of the lobsters is mainly carried out in spring and caught in early summer, the time for the lobsters to appear on the market is very limited, and in the cultivation process of the lobsters, hormones or other chemical substances in the feed are added for improving the yield, so that the quality and the taste of the lobsters are reduced, and meanwhile, the survival rate of the lobsters is reduced due to the defects of the cultivation method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters with high survival rate and high yield.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters comprises the following steps:
(1) in autumn of the year, adding water, drying in the sun for 15-30 days, then feeding water 20-30 cm deep, and disinfecting with bleaching powder, 40 kg per mu; after 3-7 days, the elodea nuttallii is planted, 10-20 cm of water is added, and then the water is fertilized;
(2) putting the breeding shrimps by 40-50 jin/mu, wherein the female parent: the male parent is 3:1, enabling male parents and female parents to naturally mate and lay eggs, and ensuring that the water level of a culture pond is stabilized at 20-30 cm depth and the water level of an annular ditch is 40-50 cm depth in the culture process;
(3) feeding filter bait polypeptide once in the morning and at night from the beginning of 3 months in the next year, feeding 0.5 kg per mu each day in the first week, and increasing the feeding amount once a week later until the middle ten days of April;
(4) beginning at the beginning of 4 months, fishing the parents and the parents of the already-produced shrimps out of the pond by using a ground cage with the mesh size of 3-4 cm; then feeding the lobster fries in the culture pond with bait consisting of cooked egg yolk, corn flour and soybean milk, wherein the amount of the egg yolk is 4 per mu, the total amount of the corn flour and the soybean milk is 10 jin per mu, and the bait is fed once every evening,
(5) beginning at the beginning of 5 months, feeding the compound feed with the grain diameter of 1.8-2.0mm, wherein the feeding amount per day is 4% -6% of the total weight of the lobsters, and feeding the fresh trash fish once every evening, wherein the feeding amount per time of the trash fish is 2% of the total weight of the lobsters;
(4) catching lobsters by using a ground cage with the mesh size of 3-4cm, enabling the caught lobsters to appear on the market, wherein the size of the caught lobsters is 0.6-1.5 per lobster, and ensuring that the lobsters are caught in the noon;
(5) in 6 middle ten days of the month, putting field lobster seedlings twice, putting 80-100 jin of lobster seedlings with the specification of 50-60 lobster seedlings per mou, putting the lobster seedlings transported from the external river into nutrient water at normal temperature for 5-10s before putting the lobster seedlings, and taking out the lobster seedlings, wherein the components of the nutrient water are glucose amino acid and water, and the weight ratio of the glucose amino acid to the water is 1-2: 8-9; taking out for 2min, and sterilizing in normal temperature sterilized water for 10s, wherein the sterilized water comprises garlicin, ginger juice, salt and water, and the ratio of garlicin: ginger juice: the weight ratio of the salt is 1:1:1, and the total concentration of the allicin, the ginger juice and the salt is 30%; taking out for 2min for the second time, putting into test water to be put into a culture pond for test putting for 5-10s, taking out and putting again to reduce stress reaction; (ii) a
(6) All the lobsters are fished and sold on the market during the period from 7 middle ten days of the month to 8 middle ten days of the month;
(7) and at the bottom of 8 months, draining, cleaning the pond, sterilizing and drying the pond in the sun to kill all small trash fishes including lobsters in the culture pond and prepare for planting grass in autumn.
Preferably, the bottom of the culture pond is changed by using the bottom-changing medicine in the whole culture process, and the bottom is changed once every 5 to 15 days.
Preferably, the compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: basal feed, fresh fish and natural grains, wherein the basal feed comprises the following components: fresh fish: the weight ratio of natural grains = 1:1: 1; the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-25% of corn flour, 10-20% of soybean meal, 10-20% of bran, 8-15% of corn germ powder, 8-15% of honeysuckle, 8-15% of fig, 8-15% of spina date seed, 5-10% of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 5-10% of poria cocos and 5-10% of schisandra chinensis.
Preferably, the fresh fish is small trash fish in fresh water.
Preferably, the natural cereal comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25-35% of corn, 20-30% of soybean, 15-25% of wheat and 20-30% of pumpkin.
Preferably, the base feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-25% of corn flour, 10-15% of soybean meal, 10-15% of bran, 8-10% of corn germ powder, 8-10% of honeysuckle, 8-12% of fig, 8-10% of spina date seed, 5-8% of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 5-8% of poria cocos and 5-8% of schisandra chinensis.
Preferably, the base feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of corn flour, 10% of bean pulp, 15% of bran, 8% of corn germ powder, 10% of honeysuckle, 11% of fig, 8% of spina date seed, 8% of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 5% of poria cocos and 5% of schisandra chinensis.
The raw materials of the lobster high-survival-rate compound feed are crushed, mixed and prepared into feed particles according to a conventional method.
The invention has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, 1, the lobster cultivation method adopts a rotation catching and rotation putting mode to cultivate the lobsters within one year, so that the yield of the lobsters on the market is increased, the time of the lobsters on the market is advanced, the economic benefit of cultivation is improved, and the vacant period of the cultivation pond is filled; 2. the operation of supplementing nutrient water, disinfecting and testing the shrimp larvae before stocking reduces the stress of the shrimp larvae of the outer river into the inner river for breeding, and can effectively improve the survival rate of the lobsters by 30-50 percent; 3. the cultivation process has strong continuity, the lobster yield is high, and the average yield is about 1000 jin/mu.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to specific embodiments. The following specific examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any technical solutions that are the same as or similar to the present invention should be regarded as the protection content of the present invention. Hereinafter, the cultivation operation not described is a conventional operation disclosed in the prior art.
Example one
The high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters comprises the following steps:
1. in autumn of the year, the pond is drained and aired for 30 days, then water is fed for 30 centimeters deep, and lime is used for disinfection; after 7 days of drainage, the waterweeds are planted, then the water is fed for 10 centimeters deep, and then 500 jin/mu of farmyard manure and 1.2 kg/mu of EM (effective microorganism) stock solution are applied for fertilizing water;
2. 50 jin/mu of breeding shrimp is put in, wherein the female parent: the male parent is 3:1, enabling male parents and female parents to naturally mate and lay eggs, and ensuring that the water level of a culture pond is stabilized at 30 cm depth and the water depth of an annular ditch is 50 cm depth in the culture process;
3. feeding filter bait polypeptide once in the morning and at night from the beginning of 3 months in the next year, feeding 0.5 kg per mu each day in the first week, and increasing the feeding amount once a week later until the middle ten days of April;
4. beginning at the beginning of 4 months, fishing the parents and the parents of the already-produced shrimps out of the pond by using a ground cage with the mesh size of 3 cm; feeding the lobster seedlings in the culture pond with bait consisting of cooked egg yolk, corn flour and soybean milk, wherein the amount of the egg yolk is 4 per mu, the total amount of the corn flour and the soybean milk is 10 jin per mu, and the feeding is carried out once every evening;
5. beginning in the early 5 months, feeding the compound feed with the grain diameter of 1.8mm, wherein the feeding amount per day is 6 percent of the total weight of the lobsters, and feeding the fresh trash fish once every evening, wherein the feeding amount per time of the trash fish is 2 percent of the total weight of the lobsters; the compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: basal feed, fresh fish and natural grains, wherein the basal feed comprises the following components: fresh fish: natural grain weight ratio = 1:1: 1; the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of corn flour, 15% of bean pulp, 20% of bran, 10% of corn germ powder, 8% of honeysuckle, 8% of fig, 8% of spina date seed, 5% of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 5% of poria cocos and 6% of schisandra chinensis; the fresh fish is small trash fish in fresh water; the natural cereal comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35% of corn, 20% of soybean, 15% of wheat and 30% of pumpkin;
6. catching lobsters by using a ground cage with the mesh size of 3cm, enabling the adult lobsters to appear on the market, wherein the size of the caught lobsters is 0.6-1.5 per lobster, and ensuring that the lobsters are caught in the morning festival;
7. in 6 middle ten days of the month, putting wild lobster seedlings twice, putting 100 jin of lobster seedlings with the specification of 50/jin per mu, putting the lobster seedlings transported from the external river into nutrient water at normal temperature for 10s before putting the lobster seedlings, and taking out the lobster seedlings, wherein the nutrient water comprises glucose amino acid and water, the weight ratio of the glucose amino acid to the water is 1: 9, and the total concentration of the glucose and the amino acid is 20%; taking out for 2min, and sterilizing in normal temperature sterilized water for 10s, wherein the sterilized water comprises garlicin, ginger juice, salt and water, and the ratio of garlicin: ginger juice: the weight ratio of the salt is 1:1:1, and the total concentration of the allicin, the ginger juice and the salt is 30%; taking out for 2min for the second time, putting into test water to be put into a culture pond for test putting for 10s, taking out and putting again; thus, stress reaction can be effectively reduced;
8. all the lobsters are fished and sold on the market during the period from 7 middle ten days of the month to 8 middle ten days of the month;
9. at the bottom of 8 months, draining, cleaning the pond, sterilizing and drying the pond in the sun to kill all small trash fishes including lobsters in the culture pond and prepare for planting grass in autumn;
10. in the whole culture process, a culture pond bottom changing medicine is adopted to change the bottom, and the culture pond bottom changing medicine is used once every 5 days;
11. during the whole cultivation process, the cultivation technology which is not mentioned and other management technologies are operated according to the conventional technical specification of the existing lobster cultivation.
Example two
The high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters comprises the following steps:
1. in autumn of the year, the pond is drained and aired for 15 days, then water is fed for 25 cm deep, and lime is used for disinfection; after draining for 5 days, planting the waterweeds, then feeding water to 20 cm deep, and applying 500 jin/mu of farmyard manure and 0.8 kg/mu of EM (effective microorganism) stock solution for fertilizing water;
2. throwing 40 jin/mu of breeding shrimp, wherein the female parent: the male parent is 3:1, enabling the male parent and the female parent to naturally mate and spawn, and ensuring that the water level of the culture pond is stabilized at 25 cm deep and the water depth of the annular ditch is 40 cm deep in the culture process;
3. feeding filter bait polypeptide once in the morning and at night from the beginning of 3 months in the next year, feeding 0.5 kg per mu each day in the first week, and increasing the feeding amount once a week later until the middle ten days of April;
4. beginning at the beginning of 4 months, fishing the parents and the parents of the already-produced shrimps out of the pond by using a ground cage with the mesh size of 4 cm; feeding the lobster seedlings in the culture pond with bait consisting of cooked egg yolk, corn flour and soybean milk, wherein the amount of the egg yolk is 3 per mu, the total amount of the corn flour and the soybean milk is 10 jin per mu, and the feeding is continuously carried out once every evening for 5 days; changing into feeding lobster starter feed with particle size of 0.8mm, wherein the feeding amount is 2% of the total weight of the lobster seedlings per day;
5. beginning in the early 5 months, feeding lobsters with the particle size of 2.0mm to obtain the high-survival-rate compound feed, wherein the feeding amount of the lobsters per day is 4 percent of the total weight of the lobsters, and feeding fresh small trash fish once in the evening of each day, wherein the feeding amount of the small trash fish once is 2 percent of the total weight of the lobsters; the compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: basal feed, fresh fish and natural grains, wherein the basal feed comprises the following components: fresh fish: natural grain = 1:1:1, and the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: corn flour 20%, bean pulp 10%, bran 15%, corn germ powder 8%, honeysuckle 10%, fig 11%, spina date seed 8%, rhizoma anemarrhenae 8%, poria cocos 5% and schisandra chinensis 5%; the fresh fish is small trash fish in fresh water; the natural cereal comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25% of corn, 30% of soybean, 25% of wheat and 20% of pumpkin;
6. catching lobsters by using a ground cage with the mesh size of 3-4cm, enabling the caught lobsters to appear on the market, wherein the size of the caught lobsters is 0.6-1.5 per lobster, and ensuring that the lobsters are caught in the noon;
7. in 6 middle ten days of the month, putting wild lobster seedlings twice, putting 80 jin of lobster seedlings with the specification of 50-60 lobster seedlings per mou, putting the lobster seedlings transported from the external river into nutrient water at normal temperature for 5s before putting the lobster seedlings, and taking out the lobster seedlings, wherein the nutrient water comprises glucose amino acid and water, the weight ratio of the glucose amino acid to the water is 2:8, and the total concentration of the glucose and the amino acid is 20%; taking out for 2min, and sterilizing in normal temperature sterilized water for 5s, wherein the sterilized water comprises garlicin, ginger juice, salt, and water, and the ratio of garlicin: ginger juice: the weight ratio of the salt is 1:1:1, and the total concentration of the allicin, the ginger juice and the salt is 30%; after the second taking out for 1min, putting the fish into test water to be put into a culture pond for test putting for 5s, taking out and putting again, and effectively reducing stress reaction;
8. all the lobsters are fished and sold on the market during the period from 7 middle ten days of the month to 8 middle ten days of the month;
9. at the bottom of 8 months, draining, cleaning the pond, sterilizing and drying the pond in the sun to kill all small trash fishes including lobsters in the culture pond and prepare for planting grass in autumn;
10. in the whole culture process, a culture pond bottom changing medicine is adopted to change the bottom, and the culture pond bottom changing medicine is used once every 15 days;
11. during the whole cultivation process, the cultivation technology which is not mentioned and other management technologies are operated according to the conventional technical specification of the existing lobster cultivation.
Claims (5)
1. The high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) in autumn of the year, adding water, drying in the sun for 15-30 days, then feeding water 20-30 cm deep, and disinfecting with bleaching powder, 40 kg per mu; after 3-7 days, the elodea nuttallii is planted, 10-20 cm of water is added, and then the water is fertilized;
(2) putting the breeding shrimps by 40-50 jin/mu, wherein the female parent: the male parent is 3:1, the male parent and the female parent are naturally mated to lay eggs, the water level of the culture pond is ensured to be stable at 20-30 cm depth in the culture process, and the water level of the annular ditch is ensured to be 40-50 cm depth;
(3) feeding filter bait polypeptide once in the morning and at night from the beginning of 3 months in the next year, feeding 0.5 kg per mu each day in the first week, and increasing the feeding amount once a week later until the middle ten days of April;
(4) beginning at the beginning of 4 months, fishing the parents and the parents of the already-produced shrimps out of the pond by using a ground cage with the mesh size of 3-4 cm; feeding the lobster seedlings in the culture pond with bait consisting of cooked egg yolk, corn flour and soybean milk, wherein the amount of the egg yolk is 4 per mu, the total amount of the corn flour and the soybean milk is 10 jin per mu, and the feeding is carried out once every evening;
(5) beginning at the beginning of 5 months, feeding the compound feed with the grain diameter of 1.8-2.0mm, wherein the feeding amount per day is 4% -6% of the total weight of the lobsters, and feeding the fresh trash fish once every evening, wherein the feeding amount per time of the trash fish is 2% of the total weight of the lobsters;
catching lobsters by using a ground cage with the mesh size of 3-4cm, enabling the caught lobsters to appear on the market, wherein the size of the caught lobsters is 0.6-1.5 per lobster, and ensuring that the lobsters are caught in the noon;
(6) in 6 middle ten days of the month, putting field lobster seedlings twice, putting 80-100 jin of lobster seedlings with the specification of 50-60 lobster seedlings per mou, putting the lobster seedlings transported from the external river into nutrient water at normal temperature for 5-10s before putting the lobster seedlings, and taking out the lobster seedlings, wherein the components of the nutrient water are glucose amino acid and water, and the weight ratio of the glucose amino acid to the water is 1-2: 8-9; taking out for 2min, and sterilizing in normal temperature sterilized water for 10s, wherein the sterilized water comprises garlicin, ginger juice, salt and water, and the ratio of garlicin: ginger juice: the weight ratio of the salt is 1:1:1, and the total concentration of the allicin, the ginger juice and the salt is 30%; taking out for 2min for the second time, putting into test water to be put into a culture pond for test putting for 5-10s, taking out and putting again to reduce stress reaction;
(7) all the lobsters are fished and sold on the market during the period from 7 middle ten days of the month to 8 middle ten days of the month;
(8) and at the bottom of 8 months, draining, cleaning the pond, sterilizing and drying the pond in the sun to kill all small trash fishes including lobsters in the culture pond and prepare for planting grass in autumn.
2. The high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: basal feed, fresh fish and natural grains, wherein the basal feed comprises the following components: fresh fish: the weight ratio of natural grains = 1:1: 1; the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-25% of corn flour, 10-20% of soybean meal, 10-20% of bran, 8-15% of corn germ powder, 8-15% of honeysuckle, 8-15% of fig, 8-15% of spina date seed, 5-10% of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 5-10% of poria cocos and 5-10% of schisandra chinensis.
3. A high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters according to claim 2, characterized in that the natural grains comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 25-35% of corn, 20-30% of soybean, 15-25% of wheat and 20-30% of pumpkin.
4. A high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters according to claim 3, characterized in that the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-25% of corn flour, 10-15% of soybean meal, 10-15% of bran, 8-10% of corn germ powder, 8-10% of honeysuckle, 8-12% of fig, 8-10% of spina date seed, 5-8% of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 5-8% of poria cocos and 5-8% of schisandra chinensis.
5. The high-yield intensive culture method for lobsters as claimed in claim 4, wherein the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of corn flour, 10% of bean pulp, 15% of bran, 8% of corn germ powder, 10% of honeysuckle, 11% of fig, 8% of spina date seed, 8% of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 5% of poria cocos and 5% of schisandra chinensis.
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| CN109662050A (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2019-04-23 | 益阳铁军农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of lobster multiple stocking and multiple fishing paddy field aquaculture method |
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