CN107980498A - A kind of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system - Google Patents
A kind of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107980498A CN107980498A CN201711379230.3A CN201711379230A CN107980498A CN 107980498 A CN107980498 A CN 107980498A CN 201711379230 A CN201711379230 A CN 201711379230A CN 107980498 A CN107980498 A CN 107980498A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing breeding, this method requirement establishes seedbed in annual selection of land in 3~April site preparation, conserved by seedling after seed treatment, emergence before sowing preceding seedbed processing, live substrate preparation, sowing, and the measure such as field top dressing, harm of the pest and disease damages such as nematode, root rot, aphid to seedling can effectively be prevented, breed that the seedling time is short, seeding ratio more than 85%, seedling deposits seedling rate more than 78%, can be planted for large area CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE medicinal material and provide sufficient seedling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system, belongs to medicinal plant cultivation and seed seedling-raising technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE (Marsdenia tenocissima (Roxb) Wight et Arm) is Asclepiadaceae Marsdenia, for many years
Raw fallen leaves climb up by holding on to liana.Pharmacopeia meaning CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE is the plant drying rattan, has relieving cough and asthma, eliminating the phlegm, promoting lactation, heat-clearing
Removing toxic substances and other effects.For dyspnea and cough with excessive sputum, postpartum alactation, rheumatism swelling and pain, sore carbuncle.Some researches show that institute in CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE in recent years
The chemical compositions such as the C21 steroidals contained have antitumor pharmacological activity.
Based on going deep into CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE pharmacological component research, MED SUP demand gradually steps up.In the past for clearance
Rattan medicinal material demand in recent years, gradually starts to develop artificial growth essentially from wild supply.Artificial growth expansion is numerous to rely primarily on kind
Son production and cutting propagation two ways.Cutting propagation can shorten the seedling early growth cycle to a certain extent, but be detrimental to
The selection of the tree characteristics survival of the fittest is developed.Seed production can be examined without the past plantation data, at present, CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing nursery
With reference to other crop seedling modes, but set of system, the method for specification without suitable CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing nursery so that it is logical
Close rattan seed sowing seedling-raising technique is lack of standardization, be difficult to operate, it is random it is strong, endangered by pest and disease damage big, cause that emergence rate is low, seedling
It is slow-growing, to deposit seedling rate low, is unfavorable for large area and expands breeding planting, therefore, explore that a kind of emergence rate is high, growth is rapid, can be effective
Prevent pest and disease damage from endangering, and beneficial to management and the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system of normalizing operation, to extensive CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE
Medicinal material plantation has very strong Practical significance.
The content of the invention
There is no the method for a set of suitable CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing nursery, CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing nursery to solve the prior art
By pest and disease damage harm is big, emergence rate is low, the low technical problem of seedling rate is deposited, it is numerous that the present invention provides a kind of suitable CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing
The method educated.
Technical scheme is as follows：
1. a kind of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation
Annual 3~April, in 600~800 meters of height above sea level, 20 DEG C~28 DEG C areas of year samming, select loam or glutinous loam into
Row site preparation, manages out seedbed；
(2) preceding seedbed processing is sowed
Seedbed topsoil is uniformly mixed with matrix, seedbed is dried, then adds avermectin, covers and moulds on seedbed surface
Expect film fumigating soil, after open plastic film and breathe freely；
(3) cover net
Black sunshade net is built above seedbed；
(4) seed selection and seed treatment
Germination percentage is selected after selected seed is soaked in seed soaking agent, to take out seed up to more than 80% full seed
Shady place is placed on to dry；
(5) sow
In annual mid-March~sowing mid-April；
(6) after planting seedbed covers
After seed is sowed, water after matrix, covering matrix are first covered on whole seedbed；Then in the stromal surface of covering
Insecticide is spread fertilizer over the fields, the rear ventilative thing of covering；
(7) seedling after emerging is safeguarded
When seed sprouting more than 2/3, interval time applies sterilization class medicament and plant growth regulator；Grown in seedling
The black sunshade net is thrown off after 3 pairs of true leaves；
(8) field management
Watered, weeding, Nitrogen Top Dressing, composite fertilizer and micro- fertilizer；
(9) transplantation of seedlings is played
In the late July then month of sowing, transplantation of seedlings is played.
2. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1, loam ground selected in step (1)
The preceding crop on preceding crop or glutinous loam ground is not pseudo-ginseng, flue-cured tobacco, capsicum, one kind in ginger or any two or more；Institute
The gradient on the loam ground of selection or the gradient on glutinous loam ground are 15 °~30 °, and loam or glutinous loam select the content of organic matter
More than 15g/kg soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, and site preparation and manage out seedbed as follows：By native face weeds, deadwood, residual
Root is cleaned out, and table soil ploughs deeply 20cm~30cm, is dried 10~20 days；Then a kind of farm tools is harrowed 3~5 times, until maximum mass of soil particle diameter≤
2cm, manages out wide 110~130cm, high 15~25cm pan tiles type seedbed, the wide 27~33cm of furrow ditch between adjacent seedbed.
3. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1 or 2, the loam selected in step (1)
Preceding crop be legume or gramineous crop, or the preceding crop of selected glutinous loam is legume or grass family
Crop.
4. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1, by seedbed topsoil described in step (2)
Be uniformly mixed with matrix is with 1:Seedbed topsoil is uniformly mixed by 1 mass ratio with matrix, and the matrix is live matrix, described
Live matrix is by 1 with decomposed bagasse+general calcium+plant ash:3:3 mass ratioes mix to obtain mixture, more than mixture and 25%
Bacterium spirit wettable powder presses 100:1 mass ratio mixes to obtain live matrix；The time for drying seedbed is 2~4 days；The addition Ah
It is by 1.8% abamectin aqueous emulsion to tie up rhzomorph, uniformly sprays using mu amount of application as 500ml and is covered in seedbed surface, seedbed surface
The plastic film of lid is colourless transparent plastic film, and the fumigating soil time is 3~5 days, open plastic film breathe freely the time for 6~
8 days.
5. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1, the black sunshade built in step (3)
The shading rate of net is 70~80%, and the black sunshade net is apart from 1.3~1.8 meters of seedbed surface.
6. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step (4)
Seed soaking agent be 0.3mg/L brassinolide solutions；When seed soaking time is 7~8 small；Sowing described in step (5)
For：By distance between rows and hills cave, the deep 1~2cm in cave, seed bunch planting, every bunch planting kind 2 are beaten for 8~12cm × 3~5cm.
7. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1, the matrix covered in step (6) is skill
Live matrix described in art scheme 4, and the thickness of the live matrix covered is 0.8~1.2cm；Water after the covering matrix
0-20cm topsoil water content is set to reach 80%~85%；It is to spread fertilizer over the fields 15% by 1.5kg/ mus of amount to poison with poison to spread fertilizer over the fields insecticide
Tick granule；Covering ventilative thing is：The pine needle for being first 1~2cm in the surface cladding thickness of live matrix, then in the table of pine needle
Face covers 30~40g/m2Non-woven fabrics.
8. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1, seed sprouting is treated described in step (7)
When more than 2/3, interval time applies sterilization class medicament and plant growth regulator is：When seed sprouting more than 2/3, one is poured
Secondary 0.003ml/L root-rot disappears aqueous solution, and the disappear irrigation amount of aqueous solution of 0.003ml/L root-rot is 200~300ml/ plants；Pour
0.003ml/L root-rot disappear after aqueous solution between every two days, spray a diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate liquor, the concentration of the diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate liquor for 5~
10ppm；Spraying concentration is to be spaced 6 days after 5~10ppm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate liquors, the 30% hymexazol aqua 1200 of foliage-spray one time~
1500 times of liquid；It is spaced 5 days after spraying described 30% hymexazol aqua, 1200~1500 times of liquid, it is wettable sprays 50% thiram
Property 500~800 times of liquid of pulvis；It is spaced 7 days, is sprayed once after spraying described 50% thiram wettable powder, 500~800 times of liquid
50% 500~600 times of carbendazol wettable powder liquid；Be set forth in seedling throws off the black sunshade net choosing after growing 3 pairs of true leaves
Select and throw off the black sunshade net in the case of continuous 2~5 days cloudy days.
9. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1, the watering described in step (8) are：
Watering after watering after covering matrix described in 1 step of technical solution (6) into preceding or technical solution 7 of emerging after covering matrix makes
Before 0~20cm topsoil water content is extremely emerged after reaching 80%~85%, watering keeps 0~20cm topsoils aqueous
Measure watering in the first month after 75~85%, emergence and keep 0~20cm topsoils water content 65%~75%, afterwards
To before playing transplantation of seedlings, watering keeps 0~20cm topsoils water content 80%~90%；Each watering time control is in the morning
9：Before 00 or afternoon 16:After 00；
Weeding described in step (8) is：From before transplantation of seedlings, artificial weeding is carried out when having weeds generation to after emergence, protect
Card weed in seedbed is less than 2 plants/m2；
Nitrogen Top Dressing, composite fertilizer and micro- fertilizer are described in step (8)：Seedling all sprout after every 10~15 days, apply and urinated containing N 46%
Once, dosage is 3.5kg/ mus to element；It is spaced 25~30 days after applying the urea, applies once-combined fertilizer, dosage is 15kg/ mus, together
When spray the once micro- fertilizer of EDTA chelant states containing Zn, Cu, Fe；In terms of mass fraction, N content is 13%, P in the composite fertilizer2O5
Content is 5%, K2O content is 7%, and the content of Zn, Cu, Fe are respectively 0.1 in the micro- fertilizer of the EDTA chelant states containing Zn, Cu, Fe
~0.2%w/w.
10. the CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to technical solution 1, plays transplantation of seedlings described in step (9) and exists
Transplantation of seedlings from when more than seedling plant height 10cm, more than diameter of stem 0.2cm；Non-woven fabrics is cut with scissors during lifting, digs out seedling,
Guarantee not destroy root system, at the same by 100 plants/ specification tie up seedling and count, play a good after seedling and cut off 2~3 true leaves of base portion,
Then it is put into bubble chamber by root mode directed downwardly in 30min, most after sprinkling moistening fine earth between the gap of root, puts vertically
It is placed in shady and cool position or is covered with sunshade net；Lifting requirement is in rainy days or the morning of fine day 9:Before 00 or fine day afternoon 16:
Carried out after 00.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Present invention firstly provides it is a kind of can effectively prevent pest and disease damage harm, system, can standardize, scale seed
It is live to breed CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seedling, its emergence rate and deposit the high CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system of seedling rate.
The present invention is by preparing suitable live matrix, the preceding seedbed of sowing is handled, seedbed after planting covers, after emergence
Seedling safeguards pharmacy application, has effectively prevented the pest and disease damage nematode having a great influence in CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seedling raising process, root rot, the danger of aphid
Evil, its nematodiasis incidence are less than 2%, and root rot incidence is less than 3%, and aphid insect pest situation index is less than 3.Improve seedling after emerging
Phenomena such as weak, sick seedling, seedling is healthy and strong, and the seedling breeding time is short so that the seedling rate of depositing of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seedling reaches more than 78%.
The present invention passes through seed treatment before sowing, live matrix treatments, cover net, bunch planting and after planting covering treatment, field
Between the management measure such as rational moisture, fertilising, CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seeding ratio is reached more than 85%.
Embodiment
Term：
Deposit seedling rate：During transplanting, can transplanted seedling number and the percentage of number of emerging of breaking ground, it is described can transplanted seedling be seedling plant height 10cm
More than, more than seedling diameter of stem 0.2cm.
It is described further with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Test place：Paddy field township of Yunnan Province Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe Mengzi city.
(1) selection of land site preparation
In April, 2017 in paddy field township of Yunnan Province Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe Mengzi city, 600~800 scope of height above sea level,
Year 20 DEG C~28 DEG C of samming, selects 15~30 ° of the gradient, soil organic matter content to be more than 15%/kg soil, preceding crop is beautiful
Rice, irrigation and drainage easily stick loam.Native face weeds, deadwood, undesirable root are cleaned out, table soil ploughs deeply 20cm~30cm, dries 15 days.
Then a kind of farm tools 3~5 times is harrowed, until maximum mass of soil particle diameter≤2cm, is managed out as wide 110~130cm, high 15~25cm pan tiles type seedbed,
Wide 27~the 33cm of furrow ditch between adjacent seedbed.
(2) preceding seedbed processing is sowed
By the topsoil of seedbed 0-20cm and matrix with the topsoil of seedbed 0-20cm:The mass ratio of matrix is 1:1 ratio
Be uniformly mixed, drying seedbed 2~4 days, then by 1.8% abamectin aqueous emulsion, uniformly sprayed using mu amount of application as 500ml in
Seedbed surface, covers colourless transparent plastic film on seedbed surface, utilizes the 1.8% abamectin aqueous emulsion fumigating soil 3
~5 days, after open the plastic film and breathe freely 6~8 days.
The matrix is live matrix, and the live matrix is by decomposed sugarcane with decomposed bagasse+general calcium+plant ash
Slag:General calcium:The mass ratio of plant ash is 1:3:3 ratios mix to obtain mixture, by mixture and 25% carbendazol wettable powder
By mixture:The mass ratio of 25% carbendazol wettable powder is 100:1 ratio mixes to obtain live matrix；The general calcium is effective
Phosphorus content is 12%w/w calcium superphosphate, and the available phosphorus is with P2O5Meter.
(3) cover net
The black sunshade net that shading rate is 75% is being built at 1.3~1.8 meters of seedbed surface, is building sunshade net
It must complete prior to seeding.
(4) seed selection and seed treatment
Seeds before seeding carries out germination percentage measure, uniform full seed of the germination percentage up to more than 80% is selected, by seed
After when immersion is 8 small in seed soaking agent, taking-up seed is placed on shady place and dries the surface of the seed moisture；The seed soaking agent is
0.3mg/L brassinolide solutions.
(5) sow
Sowed in mid-April, 2017, carry out dozen cave with hole-making machine by the specification of line space 10cm, strain spacing 4cm, cave is deep
1~2cm.Per bunch planting kind 2, nursery plot efficiently uses area by 450m per acre2Calculate, need 22.5 ten thousand, seed per acre,
That is 5.135kg.Reality is about 1800 square meters with native area.
(6) after planting seedbed covers
After seed is sowed, first the live matrix on whole seedbed described in covering step (2), the covering of live matrix are thick
Spend for 0.8~1cm, cover and pour root water after live matrix and 0-20cm topsoil water content is reached 80%~85%.So
15% chlopyrifos granule is spread fertilizer over the fields with 1.5kg/ mus of dosage in the live stromal surface of covering afterwards, then covers 1~2cm pines
Pin, 30~40g/m is covered on the surface of pine needle2Non-woven fabrics.
(7) seedling after emerging is safeguarded
Observation emergence situation daily, treats seed sprouting more than 2/3 (after planting 10~15 days), pours a 0.003ml/L
Root-rot disappears aqueous solution, and the 0.003ml/L root-rot disappears 250ml/ plants of the irrigation amount of aqueous solution；Pour the 0.003ml/L root-rot
Between after the aqueous solution that disappears every two days, it is 8ppm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate liquors to spray a concentration；6 are spaced after spraying the 8ppm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoates liquor
My god, foliage-spray 1300 times of liquid of 30% hymexazol aqua；5 are spaced after spraying described 30% hymexazol aqua, 1300 times of liquid
My god, spray 600 times of liquid of 50% thiram wettable powder；After spraying described 50% thiram wettable powder, 600 times of liquid
Interval 7 days, sprays 600 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder；3 pairs of true leaves (emergence 30~40 days) are grown in seedling
Afterwards, select to throw off the black sunshade net in the case of continuous 2~5 days cloudy days, to prevent from seedling from dashing forward meeting strong light wilting.
(8) field management
Watering：Pouring root water after the live matrix of covering described in step (6) makes 0-20cm topsoil water content
After reaching 80%~85% to before emerging, watering keep 0~20cm topsoil water content after 75~85%, emergence the
Watering keeps 0~20cm topsoils water content 65%~75% in one month, to lifting after the first month after emergence
Watering keeps 0~20cm topsoils water content 80%~90% before transplanting.Foregoing each watering time control of each period exists
The morning 9：Before 00 or afternoon 16:After 00, to prevent burn seedlings.
Weeding：From artificial weeding to before transplantation of seedlings, is irregularly carried out after emergence as early as possible, ensure weed in seedbed less than 2 plants/
m2, in order to avoid influence seedling early growth.
Top dressing：Seedling all sprouted after (seedling all sprouts the phase within after planting 25~30 days) every 12 days, applied the urea of the 46%w/w containing N once,
The dosage of the urea of the 46%w/w containing N is 3.5kg/ mus；It is spaced 28 days after applying the urea of the 46%w/w containing N, Shi Yi
Secondary composite fertilizer, the dosage of composite fertilizer is 15kg/ mus, while sprays the once micro- fertilizer of EDTA chelant states containing Zn, Cu, Fe；With quality
Fraction meter, N content is 13%, P in the composite fertilizer2O5Content is 5%, K2O content is 7%.The EDTA containing Zn, Cu, Fe
Zn contents are 0.2%w/w in the micro- fertilizer of chelant state, and Cu contents are 0.2%w/w, and Fe contents are 0.2%w/w.
(9) transplantation of seedlings is played
In late July, 2017 month, when seedling 10~30cm of plant height, seedling 0.2~0.4cm of diameter of stem from transplantation of seedlings.Lifting
When with scissors cut non-woven fabrics, dig out seedling with hoe or spade, guarantee not destroy root system, while by 100 plants/ specification
Tie up seedling counting.Play good after seedling and cut off 2~3 true leaves of seedling base portion immediately, it is then directed downwardly by seedling root in 30min
Mode is put into bubble chamber vertically, finally sprinkles moistening fine earth between the gap of seedling root, is positioned over shady and cool position or is used sunshade
Net covering.Lifting requirement is in rainy days or the morning of fine day 9:Before 00 or fine day afternoon 16:Carried out after 00.
Seedbed seedling and pest and disease damage are investigated, nematodiasis and root rot calculate incidence, and incidence computational methods are：
Incidence (%)=[disease plant number/emergence plant number] × 100%
Aphid calculates insect pest situation index according to grade scale, and insect pest situation index computational methods are：
Insect pest situation index=[Σ (diseased plant numbers at different levels × corresponding series typical value)/(total emergence plant number × superlative degree represents
Value)] × 100 aphid grade scales are as follows：
| Grade | Grade scale | Typical value |
| 1 | It is normal without aphid whole blade | 0 |
| 2 | There is aphid whole blade to do harm to abnormal phenomenon without aphid | 1 |
| 3 | There is the aggrieved most heavy blade of aphid shrinkage occur not to be unfolded | 2 |
| 4 | There is the aggrieved most heavy leaf-shrinkage of aphid half to roll up and exceed semicircle | 3 |
| 5 | There is the aggrieved most heavy leaf-shrinkage of aphid to roll up entirely rounded | 4 |
Result of the test and incidence and insect pest situation index are as follows：Refer to table 1.
The present invention passes through suitable sowing preceding seedbed processing (the live matrix for including preparation), shading, seed soaking, after planting
Fungicide that seedling after seedbed covering, emergence is safeguarded, plant growth regulator are applied, and the water management of field management and are imposed
The measures such as nitrogenous fertilizer, composite fertilizer, spraying trace elements, can effectively prevent nematodiasis, root rot, the harm of aphid main diseases and insect pests, improve
Sick seedling, weak seedling phenomenon, seedling is healthy and strong, and the breeding seedling time is short, and CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE emergence rate reaches more than 85%, and seedling is deposited seedling rate and reached
More than 78%, the high quality seedling that abundance is provided can be planted for CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE mass rearing, so as to ensure MED SUP.
The test effect of 1 embodiment 1 of table
| Processing mode | Nursery of the present invention |
| Sowing quantity/grain | 2025 |
| Emergence quantity/strain | 1736 |
| Deposit seedling quantity/strain | 1365 |
| Nematode disease plant number/strain | 31 |
| Root rot disease plant number/strain | 45 |
| Aphid morbidity sum/strains at different levels | 186 |
| Emergence rate | 85.7% |
| Deposit seedling rate | 78.6% |
| Nematodiasis incidence | <2% |
| Root rot incidence | <3% |
| Aphid insect pest situation index | 2.7 |
* data are average value three times repeatedly in table 1.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation
Annual 3~April, in 600~800 meters of height above sea level, 20 DEG C~28 DEG C areas of year samming, select loam or the progress of glutinous loam whole
Ground, manages out seedbed；
(2) preceding seedbed processing is sowed
Seedbed topsoil is uniformly mixed with matrix, seedbed is dried, then adds avermectin, plastic covering is thin on seedbed surface
Film fumigating soil, after open plastic film and breathe freely；
(3) cover net
Black sunshade net is built above seedbed；
(4) seed selection and seed treatment
Germination percentage is selected after selected seed is soaked in seed soaking agent, to take out seed up to more than 80% full seed and be placed on
Shady place is dried；
(5) sow
In annual mid-March~sowing mid-April；
(6) after planting seedbed covers
After seed is sowed, water after matrix, covering matrix are first covered on whole seedbed；Then spread fertilizer over the fields in the stromal surface of covering
Insecticide, the rear ventilative thing of covering；
(7) seedling after emerging is safeguarded
When seed sprouting more than 2/3, interval time applies sterilization class medicament and plant growth regulator；3 pairs are grown in seedling
The black sunshade net is thrown off after true leaf；
(8) field management
Watered, weeding, Nitrogen Top Dressing, composite fertilizer and micro- fertilizer；
(9) transplantation of seedlings is played
In the late July then month of sowing, transplantation of seedlings is played.
2. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Selected in step (1)
The preceding crop on loam ground or the preceding crop on glutinous loam ground are not pseudo-ginseng, flue-cured tobacco, capsicum, one kind in ginger or two kinds any
More than；The gradient on selected loam ground or the gradient on glutinous loam ground are 15 °~30 °, and loam or glutinous loam have selected
Machine matter content is more than 15g/kg soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, and site preparation and manages out seedbed as follows：Native face is miscellaneous
Grass, deadwood, undesirable root are cleaned out, and table soil ploughs deeply 20cm~30cm, are dried 10~20 days；Then a kind of farm tools is harrowed until maximum mass of soil particle diameter
≤ 2cm, manages out wide 110~130cm, high 15~25cm pan tiles type seedbed, the wide 27~33cm of furrow ditch between adjacent seedbed.
3. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Selected in step (1)
The preceding crop of loam be legume or gramineous crop, or the preceding crop of selected glutinous loam for legume or
Gramineous crop.
4. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By seedling described in step (2)
It is with 1 that bed topsoil is uniformly mixed with matrix:Seedbed topsoil is uniformly mixed by 1 mass ratio with matrix, and the matrix is live
Matrix, the live matrix are by 1 with decomposed bagasse+general calcium+plant ash:3:3 mass ratioes mix to obtain mixture, by mixture
100 are pressed with 25% carbendazol wettable powder:1 mass ratio mixes to obtain live matrix；The time for drying seedbed is 2~4 days；It is described
The avermectin of addition is by 1.8% abamectin aqueous emulsion, is uniformly sprayed in seedbed surface, seedling using mu amount of application as 500ml
The plastic film of bed surface covering is colourless transparent plastic film, and the fumigating soil time is 3~5 days, opens plastic film and breathes freely
Time is 6~8 days.
5. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Built in step (3)
The shading rate of black sunshade net is 70~80%, and the black sunshade net is apart from 1.3~1.8 meters of seedbed surface.
6. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Leaching described in step (4)
Kind agent is 0.3mg/L brassinolide solutions；When seed soaking time is 7~8 small；Sowing described in step (5) is：Press
Distance between rows and hills beats cave, the deep 1~2cm in cave, seed bunch planting, every bunch planting kind 2 for 8~12cm × 3~5cm.
7. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Covered in step (6)
Matrix is the live matrix described in claim 4, and the thickness of the live matrix covered is 0.8~1.2cm；The covering base
Watering makes 0-20cm topsoil water content reach 80%~85% after matter；Insecticide is spread fertilizer over the fields to be spread fertilizer over the fields by 1.5kg/ mus of amount
15% chlopyrifos granule；Covering ventilative thing is：The pine needle for being first 1~2cm in the surface cladding thickness of live matrix, Ran Hou
The surface of pine needle covers 30~40g/m2Non-woven fabrics.
8. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Treated described in step (7)
During seed sprouting more than 2/3, interval time applies sterilization class medicament and plant growth regulator is：Treat seed sprouting more than 2/3
When, pour a 0.003ml/L root-rot and disappear aqueous solution, the disappear irrigation amount of aqueous solution of 0.003ml/L root-rot is 200~300ml/
Strain；Pour the root-rot disappear after aqueous solution between every two days, it is 5~10ppm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate liquors to spray a concentration, sprays the amine
It is spaced 6 days after fresh ester liquor, foliage-spray 1200~1500 times of liquid of 30% hymexazol aqua；Spray the hymexazol aqua
It is spaced 5 days afterwards, sprays 500~800 times of liquid of 50% thiram wettable powder；After spraying the thiram wettable powder
Interval 7 days, sprays 500~600 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder；Be set forth in seedling is thrown off after growing 3 pairs of true leaves
The black sunshade net selection carries out in the case of continuous 2~5 days cloudy days.
9. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pouring described in step (8)
Water is：Covered after watering after covering matrix described in claim 1 step (6) to before emerging or described in claim 7
Before watering makes 0~20cm topsoil water content extremely emerge after reaching 80%~85% after matrix, watering keeps 0~20cm to plough
Make watering in first month of the layer soil moisture content after 75~85%, emergence and keep 0~20cm topsoil water content
65%~75%, afterwards to before playing transplantation of seedlings, watering keeps 0~20cm topsoils water content 80%~90%；Pour every time
Water time control is in the morning 9：Before 00 or afternoon 16:After 00；
The weeding is：From before transplantation of seedlings, carrying out artificial weeding to after emergence when having weeds generation, ensure that weed in seedbed is less than
2 plants/m2；
The Nitrogen Top Dressing, composite fertilizer and micro- fertilizer are：Seedling all sprout after every 10~15 days, apply containing 46% urea of N once, dosage is
3.5kg/ mu；It is spaced 25~30 days after applying the urea, applies once-combined fertilizer, dosage is 15kg/ mus, while sprays and once contain
The micro- fertilizer of EDTA chelant states of Zn, Cu, Fe；In terms of mass fraction, N content is 13%, P in the composite fertilizer2O5Content is 5%,
K2O content is 7%, and the content of Zn, Cu, Fe are respectively 0.1~0.2%w/w in the micro- fertilizer of the EDTA chelant states containing Zn, Cu, Fe.
10. CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE seed sowing mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Lifting described in step (9)
Transplanting more than seedling plant height 10cm, during more than diameter of stem 0.2cm from transplantation of seedlings；Non-woven fabrics is cut with scissors during lifting, is dug
Go out seedling, guarantee not destroy root system, while by 100 plants/ specification tie up seedling and count, play a good after seedling and cut off base portion 2~3
Piece true leaf, is then put into bubble chamber, moistening is finally sprinkled between the gap of root vertically in 30min by root mode directed downwardly
Fine earth, is positioned over shady and cool position or is covered with sunshade net；Lifting requirement is in rainy days or the morning of fine day 9:Before 00 or fine day
Afternoon 16:Carried out after 00.
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| CN108934811A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-07 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of natural cultivation method of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE |
| CN109121980A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-04 | 云南信通植物药业有限公司 | The implantation methods of CAULIS MARSDENIAE TENACISSIMAE |
| CN110122210A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-16 | 陇南市农业科学研究所 | A kind of bletilla seed sowing efficient cultivation method |
| CN111972229A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-24 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Green cultivation method for preventing nematodes, reducing salt and promoting yield of tomatoes |
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