CN107896791A - A kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa - Google Patents

A kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107896791A
CN107896791A CN201711206269.5A CN201711206269A CN107896791A CN 107896791 A CN107896791 A CN 107896791A CN 201711206269 A CN201711206269 A CN 201711206269A CN 107896791 A CN107896791 A CN 107896791A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
funa
fruit
management
year
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711206269.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
康平
王�忠
朱本华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guilin Taisol Agricultural Science And Technology Ltd Co
Original Assignee
Guilin Taisol Agricultural Science And Technology Ltd Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guilin Taisol Agricultural Science And Technology Ltd Co filed Critical Guilin Taisol Agricultural Science And Technology Ltd Co
Priority to CN201711206269.5A priority Critical patent/CN107896791A/en
Publication of CN107896791A publication Critical patent/CN107896791A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa, include the following steps：1) place election 2) seedling management：3) Cultivate administration：4) florescence and period fertilizer and water management of bearing fruit：Weed with a hoe；Fertilising：Every plant is made base fertilizer with farm manure and the mixing of calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, during top dressing, applies the rotten farm manure of fermentation, seedling half a year of not bearing fruit applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time, applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time within 10 days after bearing fruit；5) pest management.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technical field, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa.
Background technology
Bu Funa, also known as the good reputation such as strange fruit of black tiger, cool rice dumpling, Longevity, lucky star fruit, the celestial fruit that lengthens one's life, the first under heaven.Cloth Fu Na is the fruit of Schisandraceae Plant thickness leaf Schisandra chinensis, and the evergreen liana of chain timbers matter is primary in Southwestern China portion virgin forest. Bu Funa fruits are the fruit of seedling, Yao nationality people cultivation from generation to generation, and Miao claims " Bu Funa ", means the fruit of beautifying and life-prolonging.Its root Available for the promoting flow of qi and blood circulation, swelling and pain relieving.
Bu Funa belongs to liana, and complete stool is hairless.Leaf keratin, oval to ovum shape lanceolar is 7-18 centimetres long, 3-8 centimetres wide, Apex is blunt or short tapering, base portion wide wedge shape or subcircular, full edge, and lateral vein is per side 6-7 bars, net vein unobvious；Petiole is 1-2.5 lis long Rice.Hua Dan is born in axil, dilute paired, monoecism.Male flower：Tapel is red, 10-16 pieces, middle maximum 1 ellipse of wheel, long 2-2.5 centimetres, about 14 millimeters wide, most lubrication groove 3 substantially thickens, meat；Holder conico-acuminate, 7-10 millimeters long, top tool 1- The brill shape appendage of 20 branches；Oecium oval shape is subsphaeroidal, footpath 6-7 millimeters, has 14-48 pieces of stamen；Filigree top Surrounded for two coyote holes；The long 1-4 centimetres of female flowers of bennet：Tapel is similar to male flower, and style stub boring shape, top is without peltate stigma Hat, the oval bodily form of carpel, 50-80 pieces, bennet is 5-10 millimeters long.Aggregate fruit is subsphaeroidal, red or mulberry, 6-10 centimetres of footpath or Bigger；Small berries obovate, up to 4 centimetres, exocarp keratin, does not show seed.
The big uniqueness of Bu Funa fruits, fruit is sweet when ripe, edible tasty, and the quality that fruit can all reach pollution-free food will Ask.Pulp starches more, sweet fragrance as grape；Fruit is containing abundant VC, VE and various trace elements.Yellowish pink such as lichee is milky white thin It is greasy；Its fruit energy dark hair moisturizing of often feeding, nourish and beautify skin, clear away heart-fire intelligence development, braces up energy and delay senility.
Bu Funa, fruit type is peculiar, and nutrition and medical value are high, has edible, views and admires, beautifies, afforest etc. and act on, being new generation The dilute product of third generation fruit of discipline most Development volue.
The content of the invention
It is special by being applied in florescence and period of bearing fruit the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa Nutrition fertilizer, nutrient solution, reach pest control, realize the effect that Bu Funa high yields increase income.
The implantation methods of Bu Funa of the present invention a kind of, include the following steps：
1) place election：Selection has river valley, the planting site of streams two sides ventilation and penetrating light of irrigation conditions, selection it is neutral or The sandy soil building well plantation of subacidity, soil are tidy and flat；
2) seedling management：
Seed seedling-raising：The full seed sowing of seed selection no disease and pests harm, is sowed using Underground-Ditch-Pattern；
Transplant planting：After emergence, to after the 6-7 months, the excessive seedling of temperature is too tender, easily dries up, and controls temperature, and it is fixed to transplant the 11-1 months Plant, keep root to have adequate water；
Planting patterns：Take shed frame type cultivation or trellis type cultivation；
3) Cultivate administration：
Field cultivation fertilizer and water management：Top dressing in 1 year 2 times；
Scaffolding management：2nd year and frame of puing up a shed thereafter；
Cut skill management：Period is divided into spring pruning, the summer cuts for trimming, fall pruning, winter cut；
4) florescence and period fertilizer and water management of bearing fruit：
Weed with a hoe；
Fertilising：Every plant is made base fertilizer with farm manure and the mixing of calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, during top dressing, applies the rotten farm manure of fermentation, Seedling half a year of not bearing fruit applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time, applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time within 10 days after bearing fruit；
Nutrition fertilizer described in step 4), is obtained by following preparation method：
1. immersion treatment：Hypericum perforatum is loaded into woven bag, ties mouth, is placed in pond, pond topped up with water, and in pond Weight in upper face pressure, soaks 15-24h；
2. Feedstock treating：1. hypericum perforatum that step is obtained crushes, and adds pure equivalent to 2-3 times of weight of raw material Water, is heated to 50-60 DEG C of maintenance 5-10min, obtains paste serous material；
3. digest：2. paste serous material that step is obtained, tune pH are 4-5, add paste serous material 0.05-0.1% parts by weight Pectin-cellulose complex enzyme and the mannitol of 0.001 parts by weight carry out enzymolysis 40-60min, obtain enzymolysis liquid；
4. deoil：3. enzymolysis liquid that step is obtained, adds the pure water of 2-3 times of weight, is heated to 60-70 DEG C of extraction 60-120min, obtains upper strata oil slick liquid and subnatant, slag mixture, the slag of isolated lower floor is as nutrition fertilizer；
5) pest management：
10 days spraying nutrient solutions 1 time after bearing fruit, nutrient solution is made of following part by weight component：
It is 8.0 with phosphate buffer tune pH；
The accelerating agent is prepared using following methods：
1. Feedstock treating：Herba Andrographitis is cleaned, is drying, is crushed；
2. Steam explosion treatment：1. material that step is obtained is put into steam blasting tank, and volume is equivalent to steam blasting tank The 1/4-1/3 of volume, burst pressure 3.0-3.5Mpa, dwell time maintain 150-200s；
3. distillation is handled：2. material that step is obtained is put into distiller, in distiller bottom, heats burning or is passed through steaming Vapour, when hot steam is filled in distiller, vapor is introduced into condenser, then pass through water-oil separating by condenser pipe Device, collects essential oil；
4. high-shear homogenizing machine is handled：3. essential oil that step is obtained is handled by high-shear homogenizing machine, linear velocity 30- 40m/s, time 3-5min, are made nano-emulsion, and are obtained with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
The climatic environment of planting site described in step 1) of the present invention, preferably 15-21 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, the dim moistening of temperature；
Soil described in step 1) is tidy and flat, and Bu Funa seeds require soil property loosely just easily germination, and cultivating preceding soil will Plough deeply, and apply organic matter more, for example, crush tangerine bar, animal wastes, decomposed leaves, according to wood powder etc., in addition organic matter contains Amount height has certain water-retaining property, is conducive to the loose of soil property and is just more advantageous to surviving for seedling, steady and sure after banketing when planting seedling, watering.
Seed seedling-raising described in step 2), the fresh seeds preferably harvested then are directly sowed then, it is impossible to are exposed to the sun, are washed out Moisture content live can also be dried after seed directly to sow, if the second half year bad sowing want to be left to second year sowing, it is necessary to Sand storage was sowed to the second year beginning of spring, the plantation of general Bu Funa seeds autumn and winter, it is necessary to emergence in or so second year April in the beginning of spring.
Underground-Ditch-Pattern sowing described in step 2), preferably 5cm broadcast a seed, the soil of sowing rear cover 2cm or so, one mu 25000-35000 plants are advisable, and 1.2m digs a ridge, dig 25-30cm ditch depths, timely draining when convenient rainy, ditch depth is according to field drought Flooded situation is formulated, it is necessary to cover sunshade net, it is necessary to keep soil humidity, unsuitable overdrying and excessively flooded, and soil property cannot be hardened, not so shadow Germination percentage is rung, due to the freexing tolerance of Bu Funa, so winter outdoor can be sowed completely, does not influence germination percentage, but be unable to rain Dilutional hyponatremia, if soil the inside water content is excessive, seed will rot, seedling in greenhouse of such as having ready conditions, than outdoor nursery emergence rate Height, and it is early to emerge.
Control temperature described in step 2), preferably lid sunshade net, night water spray etc..
Transplant planting described in step 2), Bu Funa into transplantation of seedlings and management Bu Funa seedlings be divided into 1 year seedling, 2 years seedlings, 3 years seedlings, wherein 1 year seed, which is planted, needs 3 years just as a result, 2 years seeds plant 2 annual bearings, 3 years seedling time annual bearings；Bu Funa seedlings Transplanting is planted suitable weather and should not be overheated, and when transplanting will keep root to have adequate water, and transplanting implantation time is with November-(year in January Before) most preferably, south is colonized in March November to next year, and the north is colonized in the month in spring 3-4, plants 170 plants per acre, seeding row spacing 2X2m；Beat Cave need not be too deep, is advisable with each 0.6m of length and width, deep 0.5m, draining is carried out in ditching, using Ridged plant.
Top dressing in 1 year described in step 3) 2 times, preferably the 1st time before lamina, the 2nd time is before flowering, the 1st time apply fertilizer every plant Well-rotted farmyard manure 2.5-5kg is applied, starts out the annular groove of 10-20cm depths around away from root 30-50cm, applies rear overburden soil；2nd Secondary top dressing increase phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, to promote fruit normal development ripe；If in fruit expanding period combination tillage and weeding and apply Some muck or biogas slurry fertilizer, then fruit is big full, and how sweet juice is, and quality is superior.Bu Funa like water, it is manurial-philous, grow compared with Hurry up, often to water, weeding, fertilising, pregnant flower bud, bloom, period in addition to supplying enough moisture, fertilizer also must assure that confession Should.
Scaffolding management described in step 3), preferably the 2nd year and built thereafter, material can use bamboo and wood, steel, concrete column etc., The bamboo and wood service life only had for 2 to 5 years just needed replacing, but preceding current cost is lower, and concrete column steelframe service life can reach 9 years More than, but preceding current cost is relatively high, and posture may be selected a plant A seating, single hedge formula, people's formula and take method, frame etc., no matter which kind of Structure, all answers north and south row in favor of ventilation and penetrating light, the high 1.8-2.5m of frame, after shelf is built up, is strapped in master is graceful with tightrope , can natural restocking later with plant strain growth on column.
Skill management is cut described in step 3), because Bu Funa growing ways are fast, often trimming ability result is more, and quality is good, trimming Period is divided into：Spring pruning, summer are cut, fall pruning, winter cut；
Winter cuts：Shed frame type cultivation generally is not required to trim, and trellis type or potted-plant-type are intended to trim, to control tree-shaped, ensure and produce Amount (Bu Funa major branches are nutrition branches, are the branches and tendrils for controlling tree-shaped, and side shoot is fruitful branch, are the branches and tendrils for controlling fruit)；
Spring pruning：Before rudiment, generally bloom first 1 month and carry out in the winter time, cut short fruitful branch and deadwood, long fruitful branch stays 8-12 luxuriant, remaining is wiped out；
Summer cuts：Period carries out for the annual 5-9 months, also has sprouting and is all sent from main stem, lateral bine, the development of lateral bine sprouting The good fruitful branch for becoming next year, the 7-9 months are that Bu Funa 2 takes turns the summit of growth phase, pay attention to summer management, are trimmed, Ji Shengzhi, thorax branch, overlapping branch and sick branch are cut, overstocked innovation also will be pruned off or truncated, this period is except strengthening Outside fertilizer and water management, trimming and finishing is needed, controls main stem, suitably cultivates lateral bine, promotes vigorous branches development, it is ensured that next year gives stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging；
Fall pruning：Carried out in the 10-11 months, mainly wipe out Ji Shengzhi.
Weeding with a hoe described in step 4), because Bu Funa growth periods will weed with a hoe in time, keeps loosing soil, together When in base portion carry out rich water disk, it is as far as possible few with or without herbicide easy to daily irrigation, polluted and injury with reducing.
Fertilising described in step 4), preferably every plant is made base fertilizer with 5kg farm manures and the mixing of 0.5kg calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, institute State top dressing, thin fertilizer is diligent to apply, apply the rotten farm manure of fermentation, the seedling half a year nitrogen fertilizer application 1 time of not bearing fruit, every plant with nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5kg, Apply within 10 days or so after bearing fruit phosphorus, potash fertilizer, every plant with phosphorus, potash fertilizer 0.5kg.
Nutrition fertilizer is applied described in step 4), and preferably every plant with nutrition fertilizer 0.5kg.
Pectin-cellulose complex enzyme described in step 4), preferably activity be ten thousand active units of 1-3/gram solid-state pectin-fibre The plain complex enzyme of dimension.
Pest management described in step 5), refers to：
1. leaf blight (anthracnose)
Early stage is initiated from leaf to edge, gradually infects whole blade, makes blade is withered and yellow to come off, and fruit can be caused when serious Ball comes off；
Prevention：Enhance field management, pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, early stage, with 1：1：100 Bordeaux mixture are sprayed, 7 days 1 time, Continuously for several times.
2. leaf folder
Leaf roll can be caused after the harm of leaf folder red spider larva, influences fruit growth, or even makes fruit abscission, red spider master Endanger plant tender leaf, tip bud.
Prevention：10 days spraying nutrient solutions 1 time after bearing fruit；
3. oleander aphid
Spray, tender leaf and bud nutrient are drawn, while also secretes substantial amounts of honeydew, to colonize in the excrement of aphid excretion and dividing Matchmaker's dirt germ in secretion provides nutrition, seriously affects the growth of Bu Funa；
Prevention：10 days spraying nutrient solutions 1 time after bearing fruit.
4. dark mildew
Dark mildew endangers blade spray and flower, and black stigma occurs in aggrieved position when starting, and is then linked to be piece, is formed harder The mould layer of hard black, or scattered mildew at initial stage, in flakes after the darkly mould layer of powdery, not easily to fall off, it is mainly characterized by aggrieved It is covered with the mould layer of the mould cigarette of black on leaf and spray.
Prevention：Appropriate trimming, in favor of ventilation, printing opacity, enhancing tree vigo(u)r, reduces morbidity, with reference to the stone for spraying 0.3 Baume degrees Sulphur mixture, can receive preferable effect.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
1st, the present invention has used special nutrition fertilizer, has come from special process in the florescence of Bu Funa and during bearing fruit The extraction slag of the hypericum perforatum of processing.The extracting method of existing plant, is led to after directly plant material is smashed or crushed Cross water carry/mode such as alcohol extracting or Microwave Extraction directly extracts.Contain grease in the plant cell of hypericum perforatum, mainly by into Be divided into triglycerides compound composition mixture, these greases in the form of elaioleucite and oil body protoplast, in discontinuous It is granular, irregularly disperse the existence form such as in the cell together with granule protein body and exist.Hypericum perforatum extraction when, Grease in cell can be isolated at the same time, and the active ingredient such as group and hypericin, pseudohypericin, pigment containing grease is mixed Together, so as to influence the separation of follow-up active ingredient, the intractability of process is added.The hypericum perforatum that the present invention uses carries Take slag, vegetable fat first extracted using enzyme, it is different with the affinity difference and grease proportion of water to oil using non-oil component and incite somebody to action It is oily to be separated with non-oil component, obtain the nutrition fertilizer that extraction slag is used as Bu Funa.
2nd, the special nutrition fertilizer that the present invention uses, hypericum perforatum are soaked through pond, and hypericum perforatum is immersed in water, gradually Softening, moisture enters inside naturally, beneficial to the separation of vegetable fat, beneficial to subsequently digesting, deoil, meanwhile, it is immersed in water, When anaerobic bacteria amount reproduction, particularly summer, meeting souring, pH value can reduce, the adjustment pH of convenient process below, and And with follow-up adjustment pH to 4-5, the product of acid hypericum perforatum, fits into the neutral or micro- of Bu Funa planting soils Acid requirement.
3rd, the special nutrition fertilizer that the present invention uses, in preparation process, is first removed thin using pectin-cellulose complex enzyme Cell wall, discharges the grease in plant cell, adds mannitol, can keep osmotic pressure, accelerate the release of grease, obtained nutrition Fertilizer, is more suitable for the growth of Bu Funa.
4th, frame can plant 170 plants or so of Bu Funa per acre, and period is mid-July to mid-November, and the 3rd annual output is every More than 2200 jin of mu, enters high yield period on the 4th year, per mu yield up to growth by more than 12% compared with prior art reach 4500 jin with On, pol increases 2-4 compared with prior art, reaches 16.2-18.3.Based on 16 yuan of lowest price per jin, 4500 jin per acre of high yield, often Mu net income up to 7.2 ten thousand yuan/year more than.
5th, the nutrient solution that pest management of the present invention uses, from recombinant human epidermal growth factor fermentation culture medium, Because the reason for production or storage, some recombinant human epidermal growth factor fermentations do not meet quality standard with culture medium, can quilt Dispose, cause to waste, and present invention applicant is attempted these discarded recombinant human epidermal growth factor fermentation culture mediums The spray agent that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is planted as Bu Funa kinds is used, has good prevention to imitate for leaf folder, oleander aphid Fruit, can effectively replace the use of the medicaments such as octyl sulfate of the prior art, Rogor, metrifonate, on the one hand save cost, separately On the one hand, the use of chemical agent is reduced.
Embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the invention is not limited in these embodiments.
Embodiment：
A kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa, include the following steps：
1) place election：Selection has river valley, the planting site of streams two sides ventilation and penetrating light of irrigation conditions, average temperature of the whole year 15-21 DEG C, the climatic environment of the dim moistening of temperature, selection is neutral or the sandy soil building well of subacidity is planted, and soil is tidy and flat, cultivation Preceding soil will be ploughed deeply, and apply organic matter more, for example, crush tangerine bar, animal wastes, decomposed leaves, according to wood powder etc., in addition Content of organic matter height has certain water-retaining property, is conducive to the loose of soil property and is just more advantageous to surviving for seedling, after banketing when planting seedling, steps on It is real, watering；
2) seedling management：
Seed seedling-raising：The full seed sowing of seed selection no disease and pests harm, the fresh seeds harvested then are directly broadcast then Kind, it is impossible to it is exposed to the sun, live can also dry moisture content after wash-off seed directly sows, and is sowed using Underground-Ditch-Pattern, 5cm broadcasts one The soil of seed, sowing rear cover 2cm or so, one mu 25000-35000 plants are advisable, and 1.2m digs a ridge, dig 25-30cm ditch depths, convenient Timely draining when raining, ditch depth is formulated, it is necessary to cover sunshade net, it is necessary to keep soil humidity according to field drought and waterlogging situation, unsuitable Overdrying and excessively flooded, soil property cannot be hardened；
Transplant planting：Bu Funa is divided into 1 year seedling, 2 years seedlings, 3 years seedlings into transplantation of seedlings and management Bu Funa seedlings, wherein 1 year seed, which is planted, needs 3 years just as a result, 2 years seeds plant 2 annual bearings, 3 years seedling time annual bearings；Bu Funa transplantation of seedlings plantation is suitable Weather should not overheat, and when transplanting will keep root to have an adequate water, and transplanting implantation time plants 170 plants, strain in November-January per acre Line-spacing 2X2m；Beating cave need not be too deep, is advisable with each 0.6m of length and width, deep 0.5m, and draining is carried out in ditching, using Ridged plant, emergence Afterwards, to after the 6-7 months, the excessive seedling of temperature is too tender, easily dries up, lid sunshade net, and the control temperature such as night water spray, is transplanted calmly 11-1 months Plant, keep root to have adequate water；
Planting patterns：Take shed frame type cultivation or trellis type cultivation；
3) Cultivate administration：
Field cultivation fertilizer and water management：Top dressing in 1 year 2 times, the 1st time before lamina, the 2nd time is before flowering, and the 1st fertilising is every Well-rotted farmyard manure 2.5-5kg is applied in strain, is started out the annular groove of 10-20cm depths around away from root 30-50cm, is applied rear overburden soil； 2nd top dressing increases phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, to promote fruit normal development ripe；
Scaffolding management：2nd year and frame of puing up a shed thereafter, material can use bamboo and wood, steel, concrete column etc., and posture selects strain frame, North and south row to, in favor of ventilation and penetrating light, the high 1.8-2.5m of frame, after shelf is built up, is strapped in master is graceful on column with tightrope, with , can natural restocking afterwards with plant strain growth；
Cut skill management：Period is divided into spring pruning, the summer cuts for trimming, fall pruning, winter cut：
Winter cuts：Shed frame type cultivation generally is not required to trim, and trellis type or potted-plant-type are intended to trim, to control tree-shaped, ensure and produce Amount (Bu Funa major branches are nutrition branches, are the branches and tendrils for controlling tree-shaped, and side shoot is fruitful branch, are the branches and tendrils for controlling fruit)；
Spring pruning：Before rudiment, generally bloom first 1 month and carry out in the winter time, cut short fruitful branch and deadwood, long fruitful branch stays 8-12 luxuriant, remaining is wiped out；
Summer cuts：Period carries out for the annual 5-9 months, also has sprouting and is all sent from main stem, lateral bine, the development of lateral bine sprouting The good fruitful branch for becoming next year, the 7-9 months are that Bu Funa 2 takes turns the summit of growth phase, pay attention to summer management, are trimmed, Ji Shengzhi, thorax branch, overlapping branch and sick branch are cut, overstocked innovation also will be pruned off or truncated, this period is except strengthening Outside fertilizer and water management, trimming and finishing is needed, controls main stem, suitably cultivates lateral bine, promotes vigorous branches development, it is ensured that next year gives stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging；
Fall pruning：Carried out in the 10-11 months, mainly wipe out Ji Shengzhi；
4) florescence and period fertilizer and water management of bearing fruit：
Weed with a hoe, keep loosing soil, while carry out rich water disk in base portion, easy to daily irrigation, use less as far as possible or not With herbicide, pollute and injure to reduce；
Fertilising：Every plant is made base fertilizer with 5kg farm manures and the mixing of 0.5kg calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, during top dressing, thin fertilizer is diligent to apply, The rotten farm manure of fermentation is applied, the seedling half a year nitrogen fertilizer application 1 time of not bearing fruit, every plant with nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5kg, is applied for 10 days or so after bearing fruit Phosphorus, potash fertilizer, every plant with phosphorus, potash fertilizer 0.5kg；
Seedling half a year of not bearing fruit applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time, applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time within 10 days after bearing fruit, and every plant with nutrition fertilizer 0.5kg；
Nutrition fertilizer described in step 4), is obtained by following preparation method：
1. immersion treatment：Hypericum perforatum is loaded into woven bag, ties mouth, is placed in pond, pond topped up with water, and in pond Weight in upper face pressure, soaks 15-24h；
2. Feedstock treating：1. hypericum perforatum that step is obtained crushes, and adds pure equivalent to 2-3 times of weight of raw material Water, is heated to 50-60 DEG C of maintenance 5-10min, obtains paste serous material；
3. digest：2. paste serous material that step is obtained, tune pH are 4-5, add paste serous material 0.05-0.1% parts by weight Activity be ten thousand active units of 1-3/gram solid-state pectin-cellulose complex enzyme and the mannitol of 0.001 parts by weight digested 40-60min, obtains enzymolysis liquid；
4. deoil：3. enzymolysis liquid that step is obtained, adds the pure water of 2-3 times of weight, is heated to 60-70 DEG C of extraction 60-120min, obtains upper strata oil slick liquid and subnatant, slag mixture, the slag of isolated lower floor is as nutrition fertilizer；
5) pest management：
A leaf blights (anthracnose)
Early stage is initiated from leaf to edge.Whole blade is gradually infected, makes blade is withered and yellow to come off, fruit can be caused when serious Ball comes off；
Prevention：Enhance field management, pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, early stage, with 1：1：100 Bordeaux mixture are sprayed, 7 days 1 time, Continuously for several times.
B leaf folders and oleander aphid
10 days spraying nutrient solutions 1 time after bearing fruit, nutrient solution is made of following part by weight component：
It is 8.0 with phosphate buffer tune pH；
The accelerating agent is prepared using following methods：
1. Feedstock treating：Herba Andrographitis is cleaned, is drying, is crushed；
2. Steam explosion treatment：1. material that step is obtained is put into steam blasting tank, and volume is equivalent to steam blasting tank The 1/4-1/3 of volume, burst pressure 3.0-3.5Mpa, dwell time maintain 150-200s；
3. distillation is handled：2. material that step is obtained is put into distiller, in distiller bottom, heats burning or is passed through steaming Vapour, when hot steam is filled in distiller, vapor is introduced into condenser, then pass through water-oil separating by condenser pipe Device, collects essential oil；
4. high-shear homogenizing machine is handled：3. essential oil that step is obtained is handled by high-shear homogenizing machine, linear velocity 30- 40m/s, time 3-5min, are made nano-emulsion, and are obtained with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
C dark mildews
Dark mildew endangers blade spray and flower, and black stigma occurs in aggrieved position when starting, and is then linked to be piece, is formed harder The mould layer of hard black, or scattered mildew at initial stage, in flakes after the darkly mould layer of powdery, not easily to fall off, it is mainly characterized by aggrieved It is covered with the mould layer of the mould cigarette of black on leaf and spray.
Prevention：Appropriate trimming, in favor of ventilation, printing opacity, enhancing tree vigo(u)r, reduces morbidity, with reference to the stone for spraying 0.3 Baume degrees Sulphur mixture, can receive preferable effect.
Comparative example 1：
The same embodiment of method, but florescence and do not have using special nutrition fertilizer, nutrient solution during bearing fruit, wherein：
5) pest management：
1. leaf blight (anthracnose)
Early stage is initiated from leaf to edge.Whole blade is gradually infected, makes blade is withered and yellow to come off, fruit can be caused when serious Ball comes off；
Prevention：Enhance field management, pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, early stage, with 1：1：100 Bordeaux mixture are sprayed, 7 days 1 time, Continuously for several times.
2. leaf folder
Leaf roll can be caused after the harm of leaf folder red spider larva, influences fruit growth, or even makes fruit abscission, red spider master Endanger plant tender leaf, tip bud.
Prevention：Sprayed, noted with 1000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim, 1500 times of liquid or 40% Rogor, 80% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid Meaning not use high poison, the persistent pesticide such as phosphorus ammonium；
3. oleander aphid
Spray, tender leaf and bud nutrient are drawn, while also secretes substantial amounts of honeydew, to colonize in the excrement of aphid excretion and dividing Matchmaker's dirt germ in secretion provides nutrition, seriously affects the growth of Bu Funa；
Prevention：The method that biological control can be used, when folder bamboo aphid largely occurs；It is pungent using 40% flolimat or 50% 1000 times of liquid of sulphur phosphorus carry out spraying prevention.
4. dark mildew
Dark mildew endangers blade spray and flower, and black stigma occurs in aggrieved position when starting, and is then linked to be piece, is formed harder The mould layer of hard black, or scattered mildew at initial stage, in flakes after the darkly mould layer of powdery, not easily to fall off, it is mainly characterized by aggrieved It is covered with the mould layer of the mould cigarette of black on leaf and spray.
Prevention：Appropriate trimming, in favor of ventilation, printing opacity, enhancing tree vigo(u)r, reduces morbidity, with reference to the stone for spraying 0.3 Baume degrees Sulphur mixture, can receive preferable effect.
Comparative example 2：
The same embodiment of method, nutrition fertilizer, is obtained by following preparation method：
1. Feedstock treating：1. hypericum perforatum that step is obtained crushes, and adds pure equivalent to 2-3 times of weight of raw material Water, is heated to 50-60 DEG C of maintenance 5-10min, obtains paste serous material；
2. 1. paste serous material that step is obtained, tune pH is 4-5, adds the fruit of paste serous material 0.05-0.1% parts by weight Glue-cellulose complex enzyme carries out enzymolysis 40-60min, obtains enzymolysis liquid, the slag of isolated lower floor is as nutrition fertilizer.
Nutrient solution is not applied, wherein：
5) pest management：
1. leaf blight (anthracnose)
Early stage is initiated from leaf to edge.Whole blade is gradually infected, makes blade is withered and yellow to come off, fruit can be caused when serious Ball comes off；
Prevention：Enhance field management, pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, early stage, with 1：1：100 Bordeaux mixture are sprayed, 7 days 1 time, Continuously for several times.
2. leaf folder
Leaf roll can be caused after the harm of leaf folder red spider larva, influences fruit growth, or even makes fruit abscission, red spider master Endanger plant tender leaf, tip bud.
Prevention：Sprayed, noted with 1000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim, 1500 times of liquid or 40% Rogor, 80% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid Meaning not use high poison, the persistent pesticide such as phosphorus ammonium；
3. oleander aphid
Spray, tender leaf and bud nutrient are drawn, while also secretes substantial amounts of honeydew, to colonize in the excrement of aphid excretion and dividing Matchmaker's dirt germ in secretion provides nutrition, seriously affects the growth of Bu Funa；
Prevention：The method that biological control can be used, when folder bamboo aphid largely occurs；It is pungent using 40% flolimat or 50% 1000 times of liquid of sulphur phosphorus carry out spraying prevention.
4. dark mildew
Dark mildew endangers blade spray and flower, and black stigma occurs in aggrieved position when starting, and is then linked to be piece, is formed harder The mould layer of hard black, or scattered mildew at initial stage, in flakes after the darkly mould layer of powdery, not easily to fall off, it is mainly characterized by aggrieved It is covered with the mould layer of the mould cigarette of black on leaf and spray.
Prevention：Appropriate trimming, in favor of ventilation, printing opacity, enhancing tree vigo(u)r, reduces morbidity, with reference to the stone for spraying 0.3 Baume degrees Sulphur mixture, can receive preferable effect.
2012-2017, the Taiwan modern AGR-technology park in Guilin, has carried out experiment and has compared, the knot of pregnant year Fruit is as follows：
Leaf folder, oleander aphid infection conditions

Claims (6)

1. a kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
1) place election：Selection has river valley, the planting site of streams two sides ventilation and penetrating light of irrigation conditions, selects neutral or slightly sour Property the plantation of sandy soil building well, soil is tidy and flat；
2) seedling management：
Seed seedling-raising：The full seed sowing of seed selection no disease and pests harm, is sowed using Underground-Ditch-Pattern；
Transplant planting：After emergence, to after the 6-7 months, the excessive seedling of temperature is too tender, easily dries up, control temperature, 11-1 month transplant plantings, Root is kept to have adequate water；
Planting patterns：Take shed frame type cultivation or trellis type cultivation；
3) Cultivate administration：
Field cultivation fertilizer and water management：Top dressing in 1 year 2 times；
Scaffolding management：2nd year and frame of puing up a shed thereafter；
Cut skill management：Period is divided into spring pruning, the summer cuts for trimming, fall pruning, winter cut；
4) florescence and period fertilizer and water management of bearing fruit：
Weed with a hoe；
Fertilising：Every plant is made base fertilizer with farm manure and the mixing of calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, during top dressing, is applied the rotten farm manure of fermentation, is not hung Fruit seedling half a year applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time, applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time within 10 days after bearing fruit；
Nutrition fertilizer described in step 4), is obtained by following preparation method：
1. immersion treatment：Hypericum perforatum is loaded into woven bag, ties mouth, is placed in pond, pond topped up with water, and on pond Weight in pressure, soaks 15-24h；
2. Feedstock treating：1. hypericum perforatum that step is obtained crushes, and adds the pure water equivalent to 2-3 times of weight of raw material, adds Heat obtains paste serous material to 50-60 DEG C of maintenance 5-10min；
3. digest：2. paste serous material that step is obtained, tune pH are 4-5, add the fruit of paste serous material 0.05-0.1% parts by weight Glue-cellulose complex enzyme and the mannitol of 0.001 parts by weight carry out enzymolysis 40-60min, obtain enzymolysis liquid；
4. deoil：3. enzymolysis liquid that step is obtained, adds the pure water of 2-3 times of weight, is heated to 60-70 DEG C of extraction 60- 120min, obtains upper strata oil slick liquid and subnatant, slag mixture, the slag of isolated lower floor is as nutrition fertilizer；
5) pest management：
10 days spraying nutrient solutions 1 time after bearing fruit, nutrient solution is made of following part by weight component：
It is 8.0 with phosphate buffer tune pH；
The accelerating agent is prepared using following methods：
1. Feedstock treating：Herba Andrographitis is cleaned, is drying, is crushed；
2. Steam explosion treatment：1. material that step is obtained is put into steam blasting tank, and volume is equivalent to steam blasting tank volume 1/4-1/3, burst pressure 3.0-3.5Mpa, the dwell time maintains 150-200s；
3. distillation is handled：2. material that step is obtained is put into distiller, in distiller bottom, heats burning or is passed through steam, When hot steam is filled in distiller, vapor is introduced into condenser by condenser pipe, then by oil water separator, Collect essential oil；
4. high-shear homogenizing machine is handled：3. essential oil that step is obtained is handled by high-shear homogenizing machine, linear velocity 30-40m/s, Time 3-5min, is made nano-emulsion, and is obtained with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
A kind of 2. implantation methods of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Plantation described in step 1) Ground, is 15-21 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, the climatic environment of the dim moistening of temperature.
A kind of 3. implantation methods of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Underground-Ditch-Pattern described in step 2) is broadcast Kind, it is the soil that 5cm broadcasts a seed, sowing rear cover 2cm or so, one mu 25000-35000 plants are advisable, and 1.2m digs a ridge, dig 25- 30cm ditch depths.
A kind of 4. implantation methods of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fertilising described in step 4), often Strain makees base fertilizer with 5kg farm manures and the mixing of 0.5kg calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, and the top dressing, thin fertilizer is diligent to apply, and applies the rotten agriculture of fermentation Family's fertilizer, the seedling half a year nitrogen fertilizer application 1 time of not bearing fruit, every plant with nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5kg, is applied phosphorus, potash fertilizer for 10 days after bearing fruit, and every plant with phosphorus, potassium Fertile 0.5kg.
A kind of 5. implantation methods of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Nutrition is applied described in step 4) Fertilizer, every plant with nutrition fertilizer 0.5kg.
A kind of 6. implantation methods of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pectin-fibre described in step 4) The plain complex enzyme of dimension, activity be ten thousand active units of 1-3/gram solid-state pectin-cellulose complex enzyme.
CN201711206269.5A 2017-11-27 2017-11-27 A kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa Pending CN107896791A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711206269.5A CN107896791A (en) 2017-11-27 2017-11-27 A kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711206269.5A CN107896791A (en) 2017-11-27 2017-11-27 A kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107896791A true CN107896791A (en) 2018-04-13

Family

ID=61848791

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201711206269.5A Pending CN107896791A (en) 2017-11-27 2017-11-27 A kind of implantation methods of Bu Funa

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107896791A (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105284546A (en) * 2015-10-24 2016-02-03 高渐飞 Artificial cultivation method for wild fruit Kadsura coccinea
CN105284532A (en) * 2015-10-24 2016-02-03 高渐飞 Seedling cultivation method for wild fruit kadsurae coccinea (Lem.)A.C.Smith

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105284546A (en) * 2015-10-24 2016-02-03 高渐飞 Artificial cultivation method for wild fruit Kadsura coccinea
CN105284532A (en) * 2015-10-24 2016-02-03 高渐飞 Seedling cultivation method for wild fruit kadsurae coccinea (Lem.)A.C.Smith

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
赵永志: "《肥料面源污染防控理论、策略与实践》", 31 December 2015 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105145253B (en) The implantation methods of organic passion fruit
CN102845212B (en) High-efficiency interplanting method for momordica grosvenori and dendrobium officinale
CN103283450B (en) Golden camellia bud seedling stock grafting propagation method
CN104303797B (en) A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of nuisanceless collard
CN105660239B (en) Purple Chinese yam growing nursery and culture matrix and its method for culturing seedlings
CN102714997A (en) Method for cultivating Hangzhou peppers
CN105103865A (en) Rhizoma corydalis planting method
CN108040706A (en) A kind of implantation methods for improving oil tea fruit bearing rate
CN106034715A (en) Method for interplanting pitaya and guava
CN107853051A (en) A kind of implantation methods of high mountain tea tree
CN107182677A (en) A kind of method that rosemary interplanting crops administer stony desertification
CN107306625A (en) A kind of implantation methods of high yield dragon fruit
CN107371728A (en) Bletilla nursery and ampelopsis grossdentata set cultivating method
CN109644805A (en) A kind of method of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae root segment plantation
CN108849178A (en) A method of cultivation tea oil tree
CN105494001A (en) Gingko planting method
CN107980448A (en) The method of mountain forest cloth for plantation good fortune Na
CN106577123A (en) Planting method of randia cochinchinensis
CN109511482A (en) It is a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass
CN104686159A (en) Method for planting selenium-rich vegetable and fruit in farmland
CN107624519A (en) Bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata efficient cultivation method
CN105660080A (en) Large-scale mint cultivation method
CN107926438A (en) A kind of Bu Funa implantation methods for strengthening the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
CN107743819A (en) A kind of mountain forest cultivation Bu Funa method
CN111226722A (en) Konjak and pinellia ternate intercropping cultivation method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20180413

WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication