CN107820976A - A kind of high-yield method of hawthorn - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield method of hawthorn Download PDFInfo
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- CN107820976A CN107820976A CN201711179141.4A CN201711179141A CN107820976A CN 107820976 A CN107820976 A CN 107820976A CN 201711179141 A CN201711179141 A CN 201711179141A CN 107820976 A CN107820976 A CN 107820976A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-yield method of hawthorn, comprise the following steps：(1) hawthorn tree formation rule：Hawthorn is planted, terminal bud is removed when length is to 30~40cm, after the lateral bud of main trunk is grown, it is pruned, leaves three branches and does I, terminal bud is removed after branch bar I grows 30~40cm, after the dry I of branch grows lateral bud, prune, leave three branch bar II, terminal bud is removed after branch bar II is grown to 40~60cm, after the lateral bud of branch bar is grown；Each branch bar II leaves 5 lateral buds；(2) apply fertilizer：Each season is applied fertilizer once, and each season is applied fertilizer using different fertilizer；(3) control and prevention of disease：Thornbuss uses chemical insecticide to carry out insect prevention after blooming, carry out insect prevention using plant insecticide by the haw berry ripe previous moon；(4) promote flower and promote fruit.The hawthorn high-yield method of the present invention can improve the yield of hawthorn, and hawthorn is without insect pest.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, and in particular to a kind of high-yield method of hawthorn.
Background technology
Hawthorn is typically born in hillside woods side, or in bushes, hawthorn strong adaptability, happiness is nice and cool, the environment of moistening, i.e., cold-resistant
High temperature resistant again, can grow between -36~43 DEG C.Light be also resistant to it is shady, be typically distributed about bare hills and mountains, tailo, half tailo,
Mountain valley, the gradient is preferably 15~25 degree.It is drought-enduring, during excess moisture, the easy excessive growth of branches and leaves.Not strict is required to soil, but in soil
Layer depth is thick, fertile, loose, the well-drained subacidity sandy loam well-grown of quality.
The yield of hawthorn is typically tree-like relevant with the nutrition condition of hawthorn accumulation and hawthorn, and the thornbuss do not trimmed is universal
Tree structure is disorderly, the more low bad phenomenon of cella baldness, surface results, yield.The pruning rule of thornbuss is trunk
Low, skeleton branch spreading angle is big, to make full use of sunlight-heat reaources and space；Auxiliary support branch is rationally utilized, keeps the tree vigo(u)r golden mean of the Confucian school to be good for
Good ventilation and penetrating light condition in strong, tree crown.Young Haw Trees growing way is excessively prosperous, and the few fruit-setting rate of bud of formation is also low, when tree vigo(u)r is prosperous,
Bud is more, but poor quality, and fruit-setting rate is low, and fruit drop is serious.Hawthorn does not have the situation of biennial bearing typically, if but
Miscarriage to hawthorn, such as field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, miscarriage of pruning will also result in the hawthorn underproduction.
The content of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the technical problem that hawthorn yields poorly, there is provided a kind of high-yield method of hawthorn.
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of high-yield method of hawthorn, comprises the following steps：
(1) hawthorn tree formation rule：Hawthorn is planted, terminal bud is removed when length is to 30~40cm, treats the lateral bud length of main trunk
After going out, it is pruned, leaves three branches and does I, terminal bud is removed after branch bar I grows 30~40cm, treats that branch does I length
After going out lateral bud, prune, leave three branch bar II, terminal bud, the lateral bud of branch bar are removed after branch bar II is grown to 40~60cm
After growing；Each branch bar II leaves 5 lateral buds；
(2) apply fertilizer：Each season applies fertilizer once, and the annual first quarter uses nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio as 1:0.2
~0.3：0.4~0.5 I season fertilizer fertilising, the second quarter use the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium as 1:0.7~0.8：0.7
~0.8 II season fertilizer fertilising, the third season use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio as 1:1：0.6~0.7 III season fertilizer
Fertilising, fourth quarter use the IV season fertilizer fertilising of the mass ratioes such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium；
(3) control and prevention of disease：Thornbuss is adopted after blooming using chemical insecticide progress insect prevention, the haw berry ripe previous moon
Insect prevention is carried out with plant insecticide；
(5) promote flower and promote fruit：
1. promote flower：Use the main trunk of coil cerclage annual mid-July to mid-August, and keep 30~50d；
2. promote fruit：10d uses concentration to spray fruit tree for 0.01~0.1mg/L rush flower growth hormone before flowering；
3. fruit thinning：March subtracts disease pest fruit, machinery wound fruit and malformed fruit, and the fruit that stem end is small.
Wherein, described plant-derived insecticide is made up of the following plant extracts of mass parts：Rosemary petroleum ether carries
Take 5~9 parts of thing, 8~14 parts of datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing, 1~3 part of Chinese ilex alcohol extract, 7~9 parts of thyme alcohol extract.
Wherein, described Rosmarinus officinalis extract contains 0.3~5g/m of camphor of following content3, 0.3~5g/m of carypohyllene3、
0.3~5g/m of phellandrene3, 0.3~5g/m of terpinol3, 0.3~5g/m of cineole3；Described datura alba Nees alcohol extract contains
0.3~5g/m of hyoscine, 0.3~5g/m of hyoscyamine；Described thyme alcohol extract contains 0.3~5g/m of Thymol3；Institute
State and contain 0.3~5g/m of gaultherolin in Chinese ilex alcohol extract3。
Wherein, the described flower growth hormone that promotees is Zengguoling, the one kind of fruit the more.
Wherein, described I season fertilizer by using again after decomposed cow dung, rotted pig manure, peanut meal, rapeseed dregs mixed fermentation
Ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate allotment fertilizer nitrogen, carbon, potassium mass ratio are made；Described II season fertilizer by boric acid, zinc sulfate,
Magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and decomposed birds droppings, the allotment of biogas scum are made；The III season fertilizer is composite fertilizer；IV season
Degree fertilizer is formed by decomposed fermentation after methane-generating pit mud and peanut meal mixing.
Wherein, the angle between the dry I of three described branches is adjacent is 120 degree；Described three branches do II it is adjacent it
Between angle be 120 degree；The angle that described main trunk and three branches do I is 120 degree；Described branch does II phases therewith
The angle that branch even does I is 120 degree.
The chemical insecticide that the present invention uses can be chlorine pyrazothion, parathion, AVM, dimehypo, Hostathion etc., but
It is several to be not limited only to this.
Rosemary ligroin extraction, datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing, Chinese ilex alcohol extract, the thyme alcohol extract of the present invention
Respectively obtained by rosemary, datura alba Nees, Chinese ilex, thyme by supercritical carbon dioxide extracting, wherein rosemary stone
The extraction of oily ether extract is using petroleum ether as entrainer, datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing, Chinese ilex alcohol extract and thyme alcohol extract
Extraction using 80% ethanol as entrainer.
The present invention is applied fertilizer in the annual first quarter using the fertilizer of high nitrogen, promotes sprouting and the thornbuss limb of spring bud
Growth, during the second season, the bastem originally not regrowth of thornbuss spring, use applying fertilizer to be sprouted the enough battalion of storage for summer
Support, during the third season, thornbuss is just yielded positive results, and can promote the growth of haw berry using the fertilizer containing high phosphate fertilizer；The fourth season
When spending, then using applying fertilizer, organic fertilizer nutrition is comprehensive, and fertilizer efficiency is lasting, is supplemented the nutrients to adopt rear hawthorn.
The present invention carries out ice worm impairment, chemical insecticide good drug efficacy, growth period in the long fruiting period of hawthorn using chemical insecticide
Effectively degraded to agricultural chemicals during the maturity period after sprinkling chemical insecticide, the present invention uses plant insecticide at the maturity period
Insect prevention is harmed, and one side plant insecticide is safe and non-toxic, and certain some composition of one side plant insecticide can improve hawthorn
Certain some content of tree.
The main active component of thyme extract is Thymol, the sterilization and acaricidal action that Thymol has, 1%
The solution half an hour death rate 100%, 0.03% solution 24h kill 100%.Also it can be used as ascarifuge agent.Thymol
0.05%~0.2% solution has the stronger effect killed protoscolex effect, 100% kill protoscolex can be reached in 5~10min
Fruit, act on rapid reliable, small toxicity.Protoscolex can occur cortex foaming in 2~3min, play thorn, cortex after being contacted with decoction
The Morphology such as separation, dissolving and polypide obfuscation, the reduction of calcium grain.Protoscolex gives small white mouse abdomen after decoction handles 10min
Chamber is inoculated with, and does not develop into echinococcus.
The composition that datura alba Nees mainly contains is hyoscine, hyoscyamine, the herbivore of its Tetranychidae to Acari
Mite class has stomach action of contace poison.
Main composition gaultherolin in Chinese ilex alcohol extract, gaultherolin have sterilization, insecticidal action, and salicylic acid is also
It is plant information element, it can promote the defense mechanism of plants against insects, and then resist the attack of insect, play a part of desinsection.
Vegetable insecticide has the following advantages that compared to chemically insecticide：
1st, vegetable insecticide is easy to be biodegradable, be easy to photodissociation, relatively general noresidue, safety；
2nd, plant resources enriches, and many plants contain sterilization in nature and sterilising components, plant insecticide source are wide
It is general；
3rd, plant insecticide has the characteristics of selectivity is high, and the active component of different plants has killing to different insects
Effect；
4th, plant insecticide is not likely to produce the resistance to the action of a drug, and plant insecticide is different to the action site of insect, specific aim
By force, good drug efficacy.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
(1) present invention carries out the anti-evil of desinsection, rosemary petroleum ether in the hawthorn ripe previous moon using plant insecticide
The active component contained in extract is camphor, carypohyllene, phellandrene, terpinol, cineole；Datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing contains
Some active materials are hyoscine, hyoscyamine；The active material that Chinese ilex alcohol extract contains is gaultherolin, thyme alcohol extracting
Thing main active substances are Thymol；Four Plants extract cooperates, and effectively avoids Thymol high volatility, drug effect
The problem of time is short, and the rosemary ligroin extraction property of medicine is weak, hyoscine, hyoscyamine can strengthen the medicine of Four Plants extract
Property, gaultherolin also improves the intersolubility and stability of Four Plants extract.The graceful top of rosemary ligroin extraction, white flower
Sieve alcohol extracting thing, Chinese ilex alcohol extract, thyme alcohol extract mutual cooperation good disinsection effect, safe, insecticide stability is high,
Drug effect is grown.
(2) it is of the invention that thornbuss is pruned, three branches do I it is adjacent between angle be 120 degree, three branches
Angle between dry II is adjacent is 120 degree；The angle that main trunk and three branches do I is 120 degree；Branch is done II and is attached thereto
Branch do I angle be 120 degree, angle is reasonable between hawthorn branch, and tree-shaped is good, is not easy to collapse, while thornbuss is not easy
Cause interior bald, cause the hawthorn underproduction.
(3) present invention's is sufficient to thornbuss fertilising, thornbuss fertility using different fertilizer in different seasons.
(4) implantation methods of hawthorn high-yield method of the invention have the advantages of hawthorn yield is high, no insect pest.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and experiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-yield method of hawthorn comprises the following steps：
(1) hawthorn tree formation rule：Hawthorn is planted, terminal bud is removed when length is to 40cm, after the lateral bud of main trunk is grown,
It is pruned, leaves three branches and does I, terminal bud is removed after branch bar I grows 30cm, after the dry I of branch grows lateral bud,
Prune, leave three branch bar II, remove terminal bud after branch bar II is grown to 60cm, after the lateral bud of branch bar is grown；Each
Branch bar II leaves 5 lateral buds；Angle between the dry I of three described branches is adjacent is 120 degree；Three described branches do II
Angle between adjacent is 120 degree；The angle that described main trunk and three branches do I is 120 degree；Described branch does II
The angle that the branch being attached thereto does I is 120 degree；
(2) apply fertilizer：Each season is applied fertilizer once, and the annual first quarter is used by decomposed cow dung, rotted pig manure, peanut
Ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate allotment nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are used after the dregs of rice, rapeseed dregs mixed fermentation again as 1:0.3：0.4
I season fertilizer fertilising, the second quarter use by boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and decomposed birds droppings, methane-generating pit
It is 1 that nitrogen, phosphorus, the mass ratio of potassium, which is made, in slag allotment:0.8：0.7 II season fertilizer fertilising, the third season is using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Mass ratio is 1:1：0.7 composite fertilizer is the fertilizer fertilising of III season, and fourth quarter uses and mixed by methane-generating pit mud and peanut meal
IV season fertilizer fertilising of the decomposed fermentation into mass ratioes such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium after conjunction；
(3) control and prevention of disease：Thornbuss is adopted after blooming using chemical insecticide progress insect prevention, the haw berry ripe previous moon
Insect prevention is carried out with plant insecticide；Described plant-derived insecticide is made up of the following plant extracts of mass parts：Fan changes
Fragrant 5 parts of ligroin extraction, 14 parts of datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing, 1 part of Chinese ilex alcohol extract, 9 parts of thyme alcohol extract；Described
Rosmarinus officinalis extract contains the camphor 0.3g/m of following content3, carypohyllene 5g/m3, phellandrene 0.3g/m3, terpinol 5g/m3, eucalyptus
Set brain 0.3g/m3；Described datura alba Nees alcohol extract contains hyoscine 5g/m, hyoscyamine 0.3g/m；Described thyme
Alcohol extract contains Thymol 5g/m3；Contain gaultherolin 0.3g/m in the Chinese ilex alcohol extract3；
(6) promote flower and promote fruit：Promote flower
1. promote flower：Annual mid-July to mid-August uses the main trunk of coil cerclage, and keeps 50d；
2. promote fruit：10d uses concentration the more to spray fruit tree for 0.01mg/L Zengguoling, fruit before flowering；
3. fruit thinning：March subtracts disease pest fruit, machinery wound fruit and malformed fruit, and the fruit that stem end is small.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-yield method of hawthorn comprises the following steps：
(1) hawthorn tree formation rule：Hawthorn is planted, terminal bud is removed when length is to 30cm, after the lateral bud of main trunk is grown,
It is pruned, leaves three branches and does I, terminal bud is removed after branch bar I grows 40cm, after the dry I of branch grows lateral bud,
Prune, leave three branch bar II, remove terminal bud after branch bar II is grown to 40cm, after the lateral bud of branch bar is grown；Each
Branch bar II leaves 5 lateral buds；Angle between the dry I of three described branches is adjacent is 120 degree；Three described branches do II
Angle between adjacent is 120 degree；The angle that described main trunk and three branches do I is 120 degree；Described branch does II
The angle that the branch being attached thereto does I is 120 degree；
(2) apply fertilizer：Each season is applied fertilizer once, and the annual first quarter is used by decomposed cow dung, rotted pig manure, peanut
Ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate allotment nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are used after the dregs of rice, rapeseed dregs mixed fermentation again as 1:0.2：0.5
I season fertilizer fertilising, the second quarter use by boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and decomposed birds droppings, methane-generating pit
It is 1 that nitrogen, phosphorus, the mass ratio of potassium, which is made, in slag allotment:0.7：0.8 II season fertilizer fertilising, the third season is using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Mass ratio is 1:1：0.6 composite fertilizer is the fertilizer fertilising of III season, and fourth quarter uses and mixed by methane-generating pit mud and peanut meal
IV season fertilizer fertilising of the decomposed fermentation into mass ratioes such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium after conjunction；
(3) control and prevention of disease：Thornbuss is adopted after blooming using chemical insecticide progress insect prevention, the haw berry ripe previous moon
Insect prevention is carried out with plant insecticide；Described plant-derived insecticide is made up of the following plant extracts of mass parts：Fan changes
Fragrant 9 parts of ligroin extraction, 8 parts of datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing, 3 parts of Chinese ilex alcohol extract, 7 parts of thyme alcohol extract；Described
Rosmarinus officinalis extract contains the camphor 5g/m of following content3, carypohyllene 0.3g/m3, phellandrene 5g/m3, terpinol 0.3g/m3, eucalyptus
Set brain 5g/m3；Described datura alba Nees alcohol extract contains hyoscine 0.3g/m, hyoscyamine 5g/m；Described thyme alcohol
Extract contains Thymol 0.3g/m3；Contain gaultherolin 5g/m in the Chinese ilex alcohol extract3；
(7) promote flower and promote fruit：Promote flower
1. promote flower：Annual mid-July to mid-August uses the main trunk of coil cerclage, and keeps 30d；
2. promote fruit：10d uses concentration the more to spray fruit tree for 0.1mg/L Zengguoling, fruit before flowering；
3. fruit thinning：March subtracts disease pest fruit, machinery wound fruit and malformed fruit, and the fruit that stem end is small.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-yield method of hawthorn comprises the following steps：
(1) hawthorn tree formation rule：Hawthorn is planted, terminal bud is removed when length is to 35cm, after the lateral bud of main trunk is grown,
It is pruned, leaves three branches and does I, terminal bud is removed after branch bar I grows 35cm, after the dry I of branch grows lateral bud,
Prune, leave three branch bar II, remove terminal bud after branch bar II is grown to 50cm, after the lateral bud of branch bar is grown；Each
Branch bar II leaves 5 lateral buds；Angle between the dry I of three described branches is adjacent is 120 degree；Three described branches do II
Angle between adjacent is 120 degree；The angle that described main trunk and three branches do I is 120 degree；Described branch does II
The angle that the branch being attached thereto does I is 120 degree；
(2) apply fertilizer：Each season is applied fertilizer once, and the annual first quarter is used by decomposed cow dung, rotted pig manure, peanut
Ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate allotment nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are used after the dregs of rice, rapeseed dregs mixed fermentation again as 1:0.2：0.5
I season fertilizer fertilising, the second quarter use by boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and decomposed birds droppings, methane-generating pit
It is 1 that nitrogen, phosphorus, the mass ratio of potassium, which is made, in slag allotment:0.8：0.8 II season fertilizer fertilising, the third season is using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Mass ratio is 1:1：0.7 composite fertilizer is the fertilizer fertilising of III season, and fourth quarter uses and mixed by methane-generating pit mud and peanut meal
IV season fertilizer fertilising of the decomposed fermentation into mass ratioes such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium after conjunction；
(3) control and prevention of disease：Thornbuss is adopted after blooming using chemical insecticide progress insect prevention, the haw berry ripe previous moon
Insect prevention is carried out with plant insecticide；Described plant-derived insecticide is made up of the following plant extracts of mass parts：Fan changes
Fragrant 8 parts of ligroin extraction, 10 parts of datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing, 2 parts of Chinese ilex alcohol extract, 8 parts of thyme alcohol extract；Described
Rosmarinus officinalis extract contains the camphor 2g/m of following content3, carypohyllene 1g/m3, phellandrene 3g/m3, terpinol 4g/m3, cineole
1g/m3；Described datura alba Nees alcohol extract contains hyoscine 4g/m, hyoscyamine 2g/m；Described thyme alcohol extract contains
There is Thymol 3g/m3；Contain gaultherolin 0.5g/m in the Chinese ilex alcohol extract3；
(8) promote flower and promote fruit：Promote flower
1. promote flower：Annual mid-July to mid-August uses the main trunk of coil cerclage, and keeps 40d；
2. promote fruit：10d uses concentration the more to spray fruit tree for 0.05mg/L Zengguoling, fruit before flowering；
3. fruit thinning：March subtracts disease pest fruit, machinery wound fruit and malformed fruit, and the fruit that stem end is small.
Comparative example 1
The hawthorn high-yield method of comparative example 1 and embodiment 1 is essentially identical, and difference is, annual four season of comparative example 1 is all
Using using by ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate are used after decomposed cow dung, rotted pig manure, peanut meal, rapeseed dregs mixed fermentation again
It is 1 to allocate nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio:0.2：0.5 I season fertilizer fertilising.
Comparative example 2
The hawthorn high-yield method of comparative example 2 and embodiment 1 is essentially identical, and difference is, the plant source that comparative example 2 uses kills
Worm agent is rosemary ligroin extraction.
Comparative example 3
The hawthorn high-yield method of comparative example 3 and embodiment 1 is essentially identical, and difference is, the plant source that comparative example 3 uses kills
Worm agent is datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing and Chinese ilex alcohol extract.
Comparative example 4
The hawthorn high-yield method used according to 1~embodiment of embodiment 3 and 1~comparative example of comparative example 4 plants hawthorn, kind
Insect pest situation and the per mu yield of hawthorn are counted after planting the 3rd year, is recorded in as in table 1 below.
Table 1
As shown in Table 1, it is high using hawthorn high-yield planting method its yield of the present invention, no disease and pests harm, by embodiment 1 with it is right
Ratio 1 is applied fertilizer compared to understanding and is not suitable for also causing hawthorn to yield poorly, by embodiment 1 and the comparative example of 2~comparative example of comparative example 3
Understand, during plant insecticide mismate, the property of medicine of its insecticide is bad, and only rosemary ligroin extraction, white flower are graceful
Top sieve alcohol extracting thing, Chinese ilex alcohol extract, the mutual cooperation of thyme alcohol extract just have preferable vermins-proof effect.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high-yield method of hawthorn, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) hawthorn tree formation rule：Hawthorn is planted, terminal bud is removed when length is to 30~40cm, after the lateral bud of main trunk is grown,
It is pruned, leaves three branches and does I, terminal bud is removed after branch bar I grows 30~40cm, treats that branch does I and grows side
After bud, prune, leave three branch bar II, terminal bud is removed after branch bar II is grown to 40~60cm, the lateral bud of branch bar is grown
Afterwards；Each branch bar II leaves 5 lateral buds；
(2) apply fertilizer：Each season applies fertilizer once, and the annual first quarter uses nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio as 1:0.2~
0.3：0.4~0.5 I season fertilizer fertilising, the second quarter use the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium as 1:0.7~0.8：0.7~
0.8 II season fertilizer fertilising, the third season use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio as 1:1：0.6~0.7 III season fertilizer apply
Fertilizer, fourth quarter use the IV season fertilizer fertilising of the mass ratioes such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium；
(3) control and prevention of disease：Thornbuss uses chemical insecticide to carry out insect prevention after blooming, the haw berry ripe previous moon, which uses, plants
Material resource insecticide carries out insect prevention；
(4) promote flower and promote fruit：
1. promote flower：Use the main trunk of coil cerclage annual mid-July to mid-August, and keep 30~50d；
2. promote fruit：10d uses concentration to spray fruit tree for 0.01~0.1mg/L rush flower growth hormone before flowering；
3. fruit thinning：March subtracts disease pest fruit, machinery wound fruit and malformed fruit, and the fruit that stem end is small.
A kind of 2. high-yield method of hawthorn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described plant-derived insecticide by
The following plant extracts composition of mass parts：5~9 parts of rosemary ligroin extraction, datura alba Nees alcohol extracting thing 8~14
Part, 1~3 part of Chinese ilex alcohol extract, 7~9 parts of thyme alcohol extract.
3. the high-yield method of a kind of hawthorn according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described Rosmarinus officinalis extract contains
0.3~5g/m of camphor of following content3, 0.3~5g/m of carypohyllene3, 0.3~5g/m of phellandrene3, 0.3~5g/m of terpinol3, eucalyptus
Set 0.3~5g/m of brain3；Described datura alba Nees alcohol extract contains 0.3~5g/m of hyoscine, 0.3~5g/m of hyoscyamine；Institute
The thyme alcohol extract stated contains 0.3~5g/m of Thymol3；Contain 0.3~5g/ of gaultherolin in the Chinese ilex alcohol extract
m3。
4. the high-yield method of a kind of hawthorn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described rush flower growth hormone is increasing
Fruit spirit, the one kind of fruit the more.
5. the high-yield method of a kind of hawthorn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described I season fertilizer is by decomposed
After cow dung, rotted pig manure, peanut meal, rapeseed dregs mixed fermentation again using ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate allotment fertilizer nitrogen, carbon,
Potassium mass ratio is made；Described II season fertilizer is by boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and decomposed birds droppings, methane-generating pit
Slag allotment is made；The III season fertilizer is composite fertilizer；The IV season fertilizer is by rotten after methane-generating pit mud and peanut meal mixing
Ripe fermentation forms.
6. the high-yield method of a kind of hawthorn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is adjacent that three described branches do I
Between angle be 120 degree；Angle between the dry II of three described branches is adjacent is 120 degree；Described main trunk and three
The angle that branch does I is 120 degree；The angle that described branch does the dry I of branch that II is attached thereto is 120 degree.
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| CN109258344A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-25 | 大新县科学技术情报研究所 | A kind of method of hawthorn interplanting pumpkin |
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