CN107820757B - Perennial root sugarcane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator and application thereof - Google Patents
Perennial root sugarcane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107820757B CN107820757B CN201711063785.7A CN201711063785A CN107820757B CN 107820757 B CN107820757 B CN 107820757B CN 201711063785 A CN201711063785 A CN 201711063785A CN 107820757 B CN107820757 B CN 107820757B
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- sugarcane
- perennial root
- transverse
- fertilizer applicator
- soil
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- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 38
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural fertilization equipment, and particularly provides a perennial root sugarcane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator and application thereof. The perennial root sugarcane pre-bud fertilizer applicator comprises a frame, wherein a disc cutter, a transverse cutting device and a fertilizer application device are sequentially arranged below the frame, and the transverse cutting device comprises a longitudinal cutting plate and transverse cutting cutters arranged on two sides of the longitudinal cutting plate; the disc cutter is driven by a driving device to reversely rotate. The invention can achieve the purposes of one-time ridge breaking, root loosening and fertilization on the premise of returning sugarcane leaves to the field, and improves the field operation efficiency. The post-seedling fertilization of the sugarcane at the perennial root is changed into pre-bud fertilization, so that the sugarcane seedlings are not damaged, the soil beside the sugarcane stumps is cut loose by the transverse cutter, the ventilation of air is facilitated, and the emergence rate is improved. The fertilizer is deeply covered in advance, and nutrients are diffused into the soil, so that the uniform absorption of the root system of the sugarcane is facilitated, the sugarcane leaves cover the ground surface, the evaporation of water can be reduced, the infiltration of rainwater into the soil can be increased, and the water and soil loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural fertilization equipment, and particularly provides a perennial root sugarcane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator and application thereof.
Background
After the last year sugarcane is harvested, buds of sugarcane stumps left in sugarcane field are germinated and planted under proper environmental conditions (mainly temperature and humidity), and sugarcane plants are grown, which are called perennial root sugarcane. The traditional perennial root sugarcane management is characterized by burning sugarcane leaves and post-emergence fertilization, and comprises the following steps: burning sugarcane leaves with fire after cutting and harvesting sugarcane, then using cattle to plow the two sides of the sugarcane stumps, breaking ridges and loosening the stumps, and fertilizing after the perennial root sugarcane emerges. This method has the following disadvantages: three working procedures of sugarcane leaf burning, ridge breaking, fertilization and ridging are needed, and sugarcane She Fenshao must be firstly carried out, so that the effect of returning the straw to the field cannot be achieved, and air pollution is caused. If only the disc cutter is used for loosening the soil, soil blocks on two sides of the disc cutter are often larger, after the disc cutter is cut, the soil on two sides is difficult to return to the soil, and the fertilizer exposure influences the fertilization effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide the perennial root sugarcane bud pre-fertilization machine which can achieve ridge breaking, root loosening and fertilization on the premise of returning sugarcane leaves to fields.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the perennial root sugarcane pre-bud fertilizer applicator comprises a frame, wherein a disc cutter, a transverse cutting device and a fertilizer application device are sequentially arranged below the frame, and the transverse cutting device comprises a longitudinal cutting plate and transverse cutting cutters arranged on two sides of the longitudinal cutting plate; the disc cutter is driven by a driving device to reversely rotate. The disc cutter rotates reversely, so that the abrasion of stones and the like to the cutter can be reduced; meanwhile, the method can avoid rolling soil, can keep the soil loose and is beneficial to the growth of sugarcane. When in fertilization, the disc cutter firstly cuts off sugarcane leaves, weeds and the like, and meanwhile, longitudinal ridge breaking is realized. Then the transverse cutters of the transverse cutting device cut up the soil to two sides in layers, and the soil can be cut up on the premise of returning sugarcane leaves to the field by longitudinal and transverse combination, so that the purpose of deep scarification and soil breaking is achieved. And then the fertilizing device is used for fertilizing the loosened soil, at the moment, the soil at the two sides of the fertilizing groove is finely crushed, and the soil is easy to return after fertilization, so that the effect of deep fertilization of the fertilizer is achieved. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the disc cutter is beneficial to returning sugarcane leaves to the field, so that procedures of cleaning and burning sugarcane leaves can be reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. Furthermore, baffles are arranged on the two sides and the front of the disc cutter, and the baffles are connected with the frame through support rods. Is favorable for cutting off the sugarcane by the disc cutter.
Further, the baffle is arranged obliquely upwards from the front part of the disc cutter to the front part of the disc cutter, and the inclined angle between the baffle and the front part of the horizontal plane is an acute angle.
Further, the transverse cutter is a triangle with narrow front and wide rear; the transverse cutters on two sides of the longitudinal cutting plate are respectively provided with two rows, the transverse cutters on the front row are provided with 1-5 pairs, the transverse cutters on the rear row are provided with 2-6 pairs, and the transverse cutters on the front row and the rear row are alternately arranged at intervals. The resistance is reduced, and the stress is better.
Further, the front part of the longitudinal cutting plate is polished into a blade shape; the front lower part of the longitudinal cutting plate is provided with a round angle. Reduce resistance and cut sugarcane leaves.
Further, the fertilizing device comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizing pipe, wherein the fertilizing pipe below the frame is a hollow iron pipe, and the tail part of the fertilizing pipe is slightly bent backwards. Is favorable for deep soil covering of fertilizer.
Further, the machine also comprises a ridging wheel, wherein the ridging wheel is a conical wheel with one large end and one small end, and the two sides of the ridging wheel are hinged with the frame through connecting rods. The height of the ridging wheel can be adjusted according to the terrain.
Further, the frame comprises a cross beam and a longitudinal beam, the disc cutter, the transverse cutting device and the fertilizing device are respectively connected with three different cross beams, and two ends of the cross beam are connected with the longitudinal beam. The frame structure is designed, the structure is more stable, and simultaneously, each machine can be simultaneously provided with a plurality of groups of disc cutters, transverse cutting devices and fertilizing devices. Is beneficial to improving the fertilization efficiency.
The invention also provides application of the fertilizer applicator before the perennial root sugarcane buds in the perennial root sugarcane cultivation. Is favorable for the mechanized management of the perennial sugarcane.
Further, the fertilizer applicator before the perennial root sugarcane buds can be used for ridge breaking, soil loosening and fertilizer application after sugarcane harvesting and before the perennial root sugarcane buds sprout. The sugarcane buds are not easy to be damaged when the sugarcane with the perennial root is operated before germination, and the emergence rate of the sugarcane with the perennial root is not affected. The fertilizer is applied by deep loosening by adopting the fertilizer applicator, which is beneficial to ventilation of air and improves the emergence rate; meanwhile, the fertilizer is deeply covered with soil, so that volatilization can be reduced, and the fertilizer is diffused into the soil, thereby being beneficial to uniform absorption of sugarcane and emergence and growth of perennial sugarcane.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. work efficiency is improved: the sugarcane leaves can be cut off by the arrangement of the disc cutter, so that the sugarcane leaves can be returned to the field, the procedures of cleaning and burning the sugarcane leaves are reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the ecological environment is protected. The disc cutter rotates reversely, so that the abrasion of stones and the like to the cutter can be reduced; meanwhile, the method can avoid rolling soil, can keep the soil loose and is beneficial to the growth of sugarcane. The disc knife is combined with the transverse cutting device, so that the purposes of breaking ridges, loosening roots and fertilizing can be achieved on the premise of returning sugarcane leaves to the field.
2. The emergence rate is improved: the fertilizer is applied before the germination of the perennial root sugarcane, so that sugarcane seedlings are not damaged, even if the sugarcane roots are cut off by the disc cutter, the fertilizer is just equivalent to cutting off the sugarcane stems during the planting of the sugarcane, and the germination and emergence of the perennial root sugarcane buds are not influenced as long as the sugarcane buds are not cut directly. The transverse cutter cuts the soil beside the sugarcane stumps, which is beneficial to air circulation and improves the emergence rate.
3. Improving the utilization efficiency of nutrients: by adopting the fertilizer applicator for deep loosening and fertilizing, the fertilizer is applied after sugarcane seedlings are changed into pre-emergence fertilizer, and soil is deeply covered in advance, so that volatilization can be reduced, the fertilizer is diffused into soil after being dissolved by rainwater, and the uniform absorption of the root system of the sugarcane is facilitated after the sugarcane seedlings emerge, and the emergence and growth of the sugarcane are facilitated.
4. Protecting and increasing soil moisture: the sugarcane leaves are not required to be burned, so that the sugarcane leaves cover the earth surface, the evaporation of water can be reduced, and the soil water is protected; but also can increase the infiltration of rainwater into soil and reduce the water and soil loss.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the crosscut device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the hilling wheel of the present invention.
The reference numerals in fig. 1 to 3 are: the device comprises a frame 1, a disc cutter 2, a transverse cutting device 3, a fertilizing device 4, a cross beam 5, a longitudinal beam 6, a longitudinal cutting plate 7, a transverse cutting blade 8, a supporting rod 9, a fertilizing pipe 10, a fertilizer box 11, a ridging wheel 12, a connecting rod 13, a driving device 14 and a baffle 15.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the fertilizer distributor before the sugarcane buds at the root of the dormitory comprises a frame 1, wherein a disc cutter 2, a transverse cutting device 3 and a fertilizer distributor 4 are sequentially arranged below the frame 1. The machine frame 1 comprises a cross beam 5 and a longitudinal beam 6, the circular cutter 2, the transverse cutting device 3 and the fertilizing device 4 are respectively connected with three different cross beams 5, and two ends of each cross beam 5 are connected with the longitudinal beam 6.
The disc cutter 2 is driven by a driving device to rotate in the opposite direction 14. Baffle plates 15 are further arranged on the two sides and the front of the disc cutter 2, and the baffle plates 15 are connected with the frame 1 through support rods 9. The baffle 15 is provided obliquely upward from the front of the disc cutter 2 toward the front of the disc cutter 2, and the angle of inclination of the baffle 15 with respect to the horizontal plane is 15 °.
The transverse cutting device 3 comprises a longitudinal cutting plate 7 and transverse cutting knives 8 arranged at two sides of the longitudinal cutting plate 7. The front part of the longitudinal cutting plate 7 is polished into a blade shape. Rounded corners are led under the front part of the slitting plate 7. The transverse cutters 8 on two sides of the longitudinal cutting plate 7 are arranged in two rows, one transverse cutter 8 in the front row and two transverse cutters 8 in the rear row are arranged. The front and rear rows of transverse cutting blades 8 are arranged alternately. The cross section of the transverse cutter 8 is triangular with a narrow front part and a wide rear part.
The fertilizer device 4 comprises a fertilizer box 11 and a fertilizer pipe 10, the fertilizer pipe 10 below the frame 1 is a hollow iron pipe, the tail of the fertilizer pipe 10 is slightly bent backwards, and the fertilizer pipe 10 spreads the soil and then sprays the fertilizer, so that deep soil covering of the fertilizer is facilitated.
The machine frame also comprises a ridging wheel 12, wherein the ridging wheel 12 is connected with the machine frame 1 through a connecting rod 13. The ridging wheel 12 is a conical wheel with one large end and one small end. During fertilization, the cutter disc 2 cuts off sugarcane leaves, weeds and the like, and meanwhile longitudinal deep scarification is realized. Then the transverse cutters 8 of the transverse cutting device 3 cut the soil into layers at two sides, and the soil can be cut under the precondition that the sugarcane leaves are returned to the field by longitudinal and transverse combination, so as to achieve the purpose of deep scarification and soil breaking. Immediately after the fertilizer enters the deep soil layer through the fertilizer application pipe 10, the effect of deep fertilizer application is achieved.
After 4-5 days of cutting off the sugarcane, the sugarcane leaves can be cut off by using the fertilizer applicator before the sugarcane buds of the perennial root, so that the sugarcane leaves can be returned to the field, and meanwhile, the soil loosening and fertilizer application are carried out on the sugarcane ridges of the perennial root sugarcane. The invention can cut up soil on the premise of returning sugarcane leaves to fields, thereby achieving the purposes of ridge breaking, root loosening and fertilization. The root system of the sugarcane is not easy to be damaged, and the fertilization efficiency can be improved. Is favorable for the mechanized management of the perennial sugarcane. Meanwhile, the sugarcane leaves are returned to the field, so that the process of burning the leaves can be omitted, the fertility of soil can be improved, and the effects of saving cost and improving efficiency are achieved.
It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Further, it is understood that various modifications and alterations of the present application may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present application, and that such equivalents fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a fertilizer distributor before perennial root sugarcane bud, includes the frame, its characterized in that: a disc cutter, a transverse cutting device and a fertilizing device are sequentially arranged below the frame; the transverse cutting device comprises a longitudinal cutting plate and transverse cutting knives arranged on two sides of the longitudinal cutting plate; the disc cutter is driven by the driving device to reversely rotate; the transverse cutter is triangular with front tip and rear width; the transverse cutters at two sides of the longitudinal cutting plate are respectively provided with two rows, the transverse cutters at the front row are provided with 1-5 pairs, the transverse cutters at the rear row are provided with 2-6 pairs, and the transverse cutters at the front row and the rear row are alternately arranged at intervals; the front part of the longitudinal cutting plate is polished into a blade shape; the front lower part of the longitudinal cutting plate is provided with a round angle.
2. The perennial root cane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: the two sides and the front of the disc cutter are also provided with baffle plates, and the baffle plates are connected with the frame through support rods.
3. The perennial root cane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator of claim 2, wherein: the baffle is arranged obliquely upwards from the front part of the disc cutter to the front part of the disc cutter, and the inclined angle between the baffle and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.
4. The perennial root cane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: the fertilizing device comprises a fertilizing box and a fertilizing pipe, wherein the fertilizing pipe below the frame is a hollow iron pipe, and the tail part of the fertilizing pipe is bent backwards.
5. The perennial root cane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator of claim 4, wherein: the machine also comprises a ridging wheel, wherein the ridging wheel is a conical wheel with one large end and one small end, and the two sides of the ridging wheel are hinged with the frame through connecting rods.
6. The perennial root cane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: the machine frame comprises a cross beam and a longitudinal beam, the disc cutter, the transverse cutting device and the fertilizing device are respectively connected with three different cross beams, and two ends of the cross beam are connected with the longitudinal beam.
7. Use of the pre-perennial root cane shoot fertilizer applicator of any one of claims 1-6 in the cultivation of perennial root cane.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein: the method comprises the steps of crushing, loosening and fertilizing the ridges of the sugarcane from the time of harvesting the sugarcane to the time of sprouting of the sugarcane at the perennial root by using the fertilizer applicator before the sugarcane at the perennial root according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711063785.7A CN107820757B (en) | 2017-11-02 | 2017-11-02 | Perennial root sugarcane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711063785.7A CN107820757B (en) | 2017-11-02 | 2017-11-02 | Perennial root sugarcane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107820757A CN107820757A (en) | 2018-03-23 |
| CN107820757B true CN107820757B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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| CN201711063785.7A Active CN107820757B (en) | 2017-11-02 | 2017-11-02 | Perennial root sugarcane pre-emergence fertilizer applicator and application thereof |
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| CN111955124B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-02-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Perennial root sugarcane liquid manure integrated stump loosening management machine |
| CN113424751B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-10-28 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Management method for mechanically stumping, ridging, deep loosening and stumping perennial root sugarcane |
| CN115349313A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-11-18 | 湖南福格森装备科技有限公司 | Ridger with ridging tamps function |
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| 9QP-830型草地破土切根机;尤泳;王德成;王光辉;;农业机械学报;第42卷(第10期);61-67 * |
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