CN105230431B - A kind of ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation cultural method of the quick growing species of trees - Google Patents
A kind of ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation cultural method of the quick growing species of trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230431B CN105230431B CN201510752223.8A CN201510752223A CN105230431B CN 105230431 B CN105230431 B CN 105230431B CN 201510752223 A CN201510752223 A CN 201510752223A CN 105230431 B CN105230431 B CN 105230431B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation cultural method of quick growing species of trees.Produce and handle by fine variety production, cuttings, plantation measures and arrangement, cutting forset-plantation, final singling management, growing season management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, Second Year management are fostered with felling, adopting within the 3rd year regeneration after logging, combination application of the management of the 4th year with the means such as felling, it is 2 years not only to shorten the period of felling in turn, and drastically increase yield, production cost is significantly reduced, is increased economic efficiency.The method of the invention improves yield to every mu annual 1800 2400 kilograms, cost-effective 50%, is particularly suitable for cultivating the Industry plantation in the ultrashort period of felling in turn.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation technique of the quick growing species of trees, and in particular to a kind of ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation of the quick growing species of trees is planted
Culture method.
Background technology
At present, fossil fuel is increasingly deficient, and the Forestry Biomass Energy as regenerative resource important component is because of it
Non- grain, environment-friendly, carbon fixation and emission reduction, the features such as renewable, increment is big, resource potential is big, by as the important of energy security
Ensure.The short circulation phase cultivate pattern can quickly, largely produce biomass, production biological substance shaped granule fuel and fiber is being provided
Have great advantage in terms of the biomass energy such as plain ethanol raw material, therefore receive significant attention, meanwhile, short circulation phase cultivating seedlings exist
There is provided the inventions such as paper industry raw material, carbon sequestration increasing remittance, bio-diversity conservation, environment remediation has positive role.
The short circulation phase manage be it is a kind of be applied to as broad-leaved quick growing species of trees such as willows, and using intensive farming control measures come
A kind of Management System established and safeguarded, the seeds managed suitable for the short circulation phase have kind more than 20, such as willow, eucalyptus, birch, willow
Deng.It is generally different by management objectives, the short circulation phase is managed (especially Short Rotation Poplar operation) and is divided into 3 kinds of patterns, i.e., it is super
Short circulation phase, middle short circulation phase and short circulation phase.
The ultrashort period of felling in turn：Phase 1-3 is cut down, and using the standing forest of Sprout reproduction operation, the density of plantation is typically in 10000-
35000/hm2Between, seeding row spacing is 0.3m × 0.9m, 0.5 × 0.5m, 1m × 1m, and first time yield harvest is after afforestation
2-3, the standing forest (budding forest) of Sprout reproduction, can also harvest in 1-3, can about harvest altogether 5 times or so, standing forest Individual Size
And yield has differences because density and the period of felling in turn are different, the general height of tree is in 2.2-5m, mean DBH increment 1.4-3.78cm, but rudiment
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is up to 5.0 or so when the annual ring of woods 3 is cut down, standing forest year biomass be generally 12.0-20.0t/hm2.From ultrashort period of felling in turn standing forest
The biomass of middle harvest such as refines protein, substituted mainly for the production of paper pulp and fiberboard, other non-traditional Land use systems
The scale is smallers such as petroleum chemicals, Fodder making.
The middle short circulation phase：The poplar stand that the middle short circulation phase manages, the general density of plantation is 3000-10000 strains/hm2, wheel
It is 4-8 to cut down the phase, and the conventional seeding row spacing in North America is 1.5 × 1.5m, and final densities are 4000 plants/hm2, biomass typically transplanting
Harvest within 5 years afterwards, using Sprout reproduction, the growth interval for germinating standing forest is generally 5 years or so, the woods that the middle short circulation phase manages
Point, its grow and yield by it is all it is polyfactorial influence, as the period of felling in turn be 5 years, mean DBH increment is between 12.4-18.3cm.Standing forest
Year biological yield at most in 10.0-15.0t/hm2Between.Its purposes of biomass therefrom harvested in short circulation phase standing forest is the same as super
Short circulation phase standing forest harvest biomass it is the same, only because the period of felling in turn extend, fiber properties and timber, bark and leaf it
Between proportion have differences.
The short circulation phase：Designed when the short circulation phase manages to produce the timber of traditional size, seeding row spacing size depends on
Cultivate target and within the period of felling in turn whether intermediate cutting and different, usually 3-6m or some larger, the density of crop is usually 1000 plants/
hm2, the first time harvest after plant is 10 years, and stand regeneration can use Sprout reproduction or reforestation, the poplar that the short circulation phase manages
The woods point, annual biological yield is about 5.5-10t/hm during harvest2, the height of tree about 20m or so (different depending on land occupation condition), diameter
Growth then shows as the standing forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 18-26cm of the function, not intermediate cutting of the density of plantation and intermediate cutting, and the standing forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of intermediate cutting is reachable
23-32cm.The timber harvested from short circulation phase standing forest can be used for sawn timber, Building wood, glued board, wood-based plate and papermaking etc.,
Can be that non-traditional mode utilizes.
Although the present quick growing species of trees such as willow, willow, eucalyptus etc. are widely used in the cultivation of short-rotation industrial plantation,
But it is usually that the period of felling in turn is 3-5, and average annual biological yield is generally every mu of 1000-1500 public affairs using 1-2 raw nursery stock afforestation
Jin, the biomass of the ultrashort period of felling in turn (1-3) is often relatively low, thus exist have that the period of felling in turn is longer, the period of felling in turn is short and yield compared with
Low, the problems such as cost is higher.
The content of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned technical problem of prior art, inventor passes through experimental study, there is provided a kind of fast-growing such as willow
The ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation cultural method of seeds, this method can shorten the period of felling in turn for 2 years, reduce cost, effectively improve
Yield.
Specifically, the present invention relates to following technical scheme：
A kind of ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation cultural method of the quick growing species of trees, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) fine variety production：Selecting Poplar Fine Varieties or willow breeding, Poplar Fine Varieties are Shandong woods No. 1, I-107 or Shandong woods No. 6,
Willow breeding is Bohai Sea willow No. 1, Bohai Sea willow No. 2, salt willow；
(2) cuttings is produced and handled：Cuttings is made in branch before afforestation on the healthy and strong nursery stock of selection, interception, will be cut before cuttage
The cuttings taken, which is placed in taking root liquid, to be handled；
(3) plantation measures and arrangement：Physical features is flat for selection, soil fertility condition preferably, have the row's condition that fills, pH value 7-8.5
Sandy loam or loam, 80-100 centimetres of soil thickness, ploughed deeply and applied fertilizer；
(4) cutting forset-plantation:After cutting time is the freeze-up preceding or next year spring break of early November in the first year, carried out on seedbed
Overlay film, planting cuttage is carried out after overlay film；
(5) final singling management：Seedling growth height 15 centimetres -20 centimetres when, start final singling；
(6) growing season management：According to the Tending Method management of routine after seedling planting, forest is irrigated, applied fertilizer, pine
Soil, weeding；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(8) Second Year management is with felling：Top dressing is carried out, stump is felled；
Adopt regeneration after logging and foster within (9) the 3rd years：Top dressing is carried out, when stub rudiment reaches more than 10 centimetres, each tree
A strong bud is only stayed in stake, remaining all removes from base portion；
The management and felling of (10) the 4th years:Top dressing is carried out, clear felling is carried out after reaching increment, then reforests.
Wherein, fine variety production in step (1), seldom exclusively for the kind of ultrashort period of felling in turn seed selection at present, the short circulation phase is short
The cycle of rotational cutting of woods is generally 3-5, and in this stage, many nursery stock kinds (clone) are not up to average annual largest production
Amount, and larger difference be present in the growth potential of different nursery stock kinds, growth characteristics, resistance, the quality of rudiment ability and biomass,
How to select suitable breeding to carry out super short circulation, be the technical barrier faced in the art；Inventor is ground by long term test
Study carefully more a variety of quick growing species of trees types, find Poplar Fine Varieties (Lu Lin 1, I-107 or Shandong woods No. 6), willow breeding (Bohai Sea willow 1
Number, Bohai Sea willow No. 2, salt willow) be more suitable for the high yield in the ultrashort period of felling in turn compared with other quick growing species of trees.
Preferably, in step (2), 0.8-2.0 centimetres of diameter on the healthy and strong nursery stock of the breeding of selection 1-2 lifes before afforesting
The cuttings that length is 12-18 centimetres is made in branch, interception, and top at least retains 1 leaf bud；The cuttings intercepted is put before cuttage
In 300-400mg.kg-1GGR6 solution in soak 1 hour.
During cuttings, on the one hand to prevent that moisture transpiration amount is excessive, the process leaf in need of another aspect cuttage rooting
Piece obtains synthetic hormone by photosynthesis, in order to take into account both, it is necessary to retain certain size, while retains to upward in life
A piece of leaf, the nutrient storage deficiency that cuttings is too short to be made inside cuttings, reduce cuttings survival rate, cuttings is long to support extension
The haulage time divided, it is unfavorable for improving the rooting rate of cuttings, the suitable use cut length and combine specific taking root liquid, is advantageous to
Cuttings is taken root in time, improves survival rate.
Preferably, in step (3), 40 centimetres to be ploughed deeply before cutting forset-plantation to reproducing area, preferably plough deeply in the fall, make soil
Earth is more evacuated, and some organic fertilizers are applied according to soil fertility in site preparation, it is preferable that every mu is applied 40 kilograms of diamines.
Preferably, in step (4), during cuttage, according to nursery stock row to covering 100 centimetres wide, 0.1 millimeter of unregistered land film of thickness,
Soil is spread on both sides earthing flanging, top, and grogs coverage is punched after 10-15%, overlay film on film, according to line-spacing 1.4
Rice, 0.35 meter of planting cuttage of spacing in the rows, cuttage depth are watered at once preferably exposing the centimeter length of cuttings 1 above mulch film after cuttage；It is special
It is not dry soil, must completes in 2 days to pour after inserting permeable.
The density of plantation that the short circulation phase manages is bigger than the density routinely afforested, and its object is to standing forest is able to as early as possible fully
Growth and increase leaf area index, but it is too close, cause forest excessively withered, reduce yield on the contrary, passed through in Short Rotation Poplar
In battalion, Stand Biomass is increased with the increase of the density of crop, but the determination of Optimum planting density is according to cultivation target, wheel
Cut down the phase and economic factor determines.The present invention is through experimental study, for corresponding breeding, according to 1.4 meters of line-spacing, the skewer of 0.35 meter of spacing in the rows
It is optimal to insert density, not only standing forest is able to fully grow and increase leaf area index as early as possible, and biomass accumulation is fast, contracting short circulation
Phase.
Preferably, in step (5), final singling management be seedling growth height 15 centimetres -20 centimetres when, start final singling, often
Multiple branches can be sprouted in individual cuttings, retain upright a, highest, robust growth branch is cultivated, other from base portion
Cut.
Preferably, in step (6), irrigate and be：Irrigated according to weather condition, to be watered in time when arid, irrigation amount
It is advisable with reaching soil saturation water-holding capacity every time；Apply fertilizer and be：When seedling growth is to 50-60 centimetres, every mu of fertilising 10-15 is public
Jin urea, every 20 days or so are disposable fertilizers later, every time 20-30 kilograms of urea, until mid-August, are carried out in combination with fertilising
Loosen the soil and weeding.
Preferably, in step (7), to leaf rust, leaf rust, canker, black spot, longicorn, clearwing moth, Liu Liu indigo plant leaves
First, willow insect gall and other main diseases and insect pests according to its occurrence and development rule in time prevent and prevent and treat.
Preferably, in step (8), nursery stock every mu of Second Year spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, and topdressing amount compares First Year
Increase by 10-15% every time, other same First Years of management；During felling using chain saw more than the base portion ground of tree 5 centimeters, first
Hangers is carried out in the side of swinging to of trees, depth reaches 1/3rd of trunk, is then cut from offside, cut surface and hangers
Cut surface flush, bark is not torn during cutting, so that influenceing renewal.
Preferably, in step (9), adopt regeneration after logging and foster within the 3rd year：In base of the 3rd year spring after felling according to
The direction for setting row is in the ranks loosened the soil fertilising in tree, every mu of 50kg diamines or applies a little organic fertilizers according to soil fertility situation more, in stub rudiment
A strong bud is only stayed when reaching 10 centimetres, on each stub, remaining all removes from base portion, smears 2-3 times to not having substantially
The sprouting sprouted again, nursery stock every mu of spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, and topdressing amount is more each than First Year to increase by 10-15%, its
It manages same First Year.
Preferably, in step (10), the management and felling of the 4th year:Diamines 40kg was applied the 4th year every mu of spring, is chased after
Fertilizer amount increase by 10-15% more each than First Year, the same First Years of other management, after above-mentioned measure, increment and Second Year
Increment is suitable, carries out clear felling, simultaneously because root system is weathered, rudiment root sexuality weakens, and moves trees pile after felling
Except being reforested.
The present invention achieves following beneficial effect：
(1) present invention has screened the breeding (Poplar Fine Varieties that can be used for ultrashort period of felling in turn cultivation by largely testing
For Shandong woods No. 1, I-107 or Shandong woods No. 6, willow breeding is Bohai Sea willow No. 1, Bohai Sea willow No. 2, salt willow), it is the existing ultrashort period of felling in turn
Afforestation provides effective means.
(2) present invention provides for institute's select fine seed strains grows the land occupation condition being more suitable for, wherein mainly edaphic condition (one
As require that soil has preferable physical property and higher fertility, season of growth soil has enough available moistures, to ensure nursery stock
The needs of growth).
(3) present invention is effectively improved the planting percent of cuttage, and effectively very fast nursery stock growth by overlay film cuttage.
(4) the method for the invention, it is 2 years not only to shorten the period of felling in turn, and drastically increases yield, is effectively reduced
Production cost, increases economic efficiency.Using the method for the invention, the willow period of felling in turn can be shortened to 2, and second
When year fells, forest mean DBH increment can reach 6-8 centimetres, and the height of tree reaches 6-8 rice, and every mu of accumulation reaches 9-12 cubic meters,
Biomass (dry weight) reaches every mu 3600-4800 kilograms, and in general, the method for the invention improve yield to every mu it is every
Year 1800-2400 kilograms, cost-effective 50%, it is particularly suitable for cultivating the Industry plantation in the ultrashort period of felling in turn.
(5) cutting forset-plantation cultivation technique of the invention is simple, can be grasped by self-employed tree cultivator, is especially suitable for current forest life
Production condition.
Embodiment
The ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation of the willow Shandong woods No. 1 of embodiment 1
Step 1: fine variety production：Selection cutting propagation is easy, root sprouts strong No. 1 Poplar Fine Varieties of Shandong woods of ability.
Step 2: cuttings is produced and handled：Diameter 0.8- on the healthy and strong nursery stock of the above-mentioned breeding of selection 1-2 lifes before afforestation
The cuttings that length is 15 cms is made in branch in 2.0 cm ranges, interception, and top at least retains 1 leaf bud.Before cuttage
The cuttings intercepted is placed in 300mg.kg-1GGR6 solution in soak 1 hour or so.
Step 3: plantation measures and arrangement：Physical features is flat for selection, soil fertility condition preferably, have fill row's condition, pH value 7-
8.5 sandy loam, 80-100 centimetres of soil thickness, reproducing area is ploughed deeply in the fall, soil is more evacuated, in site preparation according to soil
Earth fertility applies some organic fertilizers.
Step 4: cutting forset-plantation:Cutting time be early November in the first year it is freeze-up before, according to nursery stock row to covering 100 centimetres
Soil is spread on width, 0.1 millimeter of unregistered land film of thickness, both sides earthing flanging, top, grogs coverage after 10-15%, overlay film
Punched on film, according to 1.2 meters of line-spacing, 0.3 meter of planting cuttage of spacing in the rows, cuttage depth to expose the cm of cuttings 1 above mulch film,
Poured at once after cuttage permeable.
Step 5: final singling management：When seedling growth height is to more than 15 centimetres, starts final singling, can be sprouted in each cuttings
Send out branch multiple, retain upright a, highest, robust growth branch is cultivated, and others are cut from base portion.
Step 6: growing season management：Forest is irrigated according to the Tending Method of routine, be applied fertilizer after seedling planting, pine
Soil, weeding etc. manage.When seedling growth is to 50 centimetres, 10 kilograms of urea of every mu of fertilising, every 20 days or so are disposable fertilizers later,
20 kilograms of urea every time, until mid-August, loosened the soil in combination with fertilising and weeding.
Step 7: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：To main insect such as leaf rust, leaf rust, canker, black spot, longicorn, clearwing
The main diseases and insect pests such as moth, Liu Liu fleautiauxia armatas, willow insect gall according to its occurrence and development rule in time prevent and prevent and treat.
Step 8: Second Year management is with felling：Nursery stock every mu of Second Year spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, topdressing amount ratio
First Year increase by 10-15% every time, other same First Years of management.
After above-mentioned measure management, forest mean DBH increment can reach 6-8 centimetres, and the height of tree reaches 6-8 rice, every mu of accumulation
Amount reaches 9-12 cubic meters, and biomass (dry weight) reaches 4200 kilograms every mu or so, during felling using chain saw tree base portion
More than face 5 centimeters, hangers first is carried out in the side of swinging to of trees, depth reaches 1/3rd of trunk, then to lateral incision
Cut, cut surface flushes with the cut surface of hangers.Bark is not torn during cutting, so that influenceing renewal.
Step 8: the 3rd year adopts regeneration after logging and fosters：According to the direction of tree row in base of the 3rd year spring after felling
Fertilising of in the ranks loosening the soil is being set, every mu of 50kg diamines, a little organic fertilizers can also applied according to soil fertility situation more.Reach 10 in stub rudiment
Centimetre when, only stay a strong bud on each stub, remaining all removes from base portion, smears 2-3 times and does not just sprout again substantially
Sprouting.Nursery stock every mu of spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, 10-15%, Qi Taguan of topdressing amount increase more each than First Year
Manage same First Year.
Step 9: the management and felling of the 4th year:Diamines 40kg was applied the 4th year every mu of spring, topdressing amount compares First Year
Increase by 10-15% every time, other same First Years of management.
After above-mentioned measure management, the increment of increment and Second Year is suitable, clear felling can be carried out, simultaneously because root
It is weathered, rudiment root sexuality weakens, and removes trees pile after felling and is reforested.
The ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation of the willow Shandong woods No. 6 of embodiment 2
Step 1: fine variety production：Selection cutting propagation is easy, root sprouts strong No. 6 Poplar Fine Varieties of Shandong woods of ability.
Step 2: cuttings is produced and handled：Diameter 1.0- on the healthy and strong nursery stock of 2 years raw above-mentioned breedings of selection before afforestation
Length is made as the cuttings in 13-16 cm ranges in 2.0 centimetres of branch, interception, and top at least retains 1 leaf bud.Before cuttage
The cuttings intercepted is placed in 400mg.kg-1GGR6 solution in soak 1 hour or so.
Step 3: plantation measures and arrangement：Physical features is flat for selection, soil fertility condition preferably, have fill row's condition, pH value 7-
8.5 loam, 80-100 centimetres of soil thickness.40cm is ploughed deeply in the fall to reproducing area, soil is more evacuated, in site preparation every mu
Apply 40 kilograms of diamines.
Step 4: cutting forset-plantation:Cutting time is after the spring break of year in next year.It is 110 centimetres wide to covering according to nursery stock row,
Soil is spread on 0.1 millimeter of unregistered land film of thickness, both sides earthing flanging, top, and grogs coverage is after 10-15%, overlay film on film
Punching, it is a length of most to expose 1 centimetre of cuttings above mulch film according to 1.4 meters of line-spacing, 0.35 meter of planting cuttage of spacing in the rows, cuttage depth
It is good.Watered at once after cuttage, particularly dry soil, must complete in 2 days to pour after inserting permeable.
Step 5: final singling management：Seedling growth height 15 centimetres -20 centimetres when, start final singling.It can be sprouted in each cuttings
Send out branch multiple, retain upright a, highest, robust growth branch is cultivated, and others are cut from base portion.
Step 6: growing season management：Forest is irrigated according to the Tending Method of routine, be applied fertilizer after seedling planting, pine
Soil, weeding etc. manage.Irrigated according to weather condition, to be watered in time when particularly arid, irrigation amount reaches soil with each
Earth saturation moisture capacity is advisable.When seedling growth is to 60 centimetres, 15 kilograms of urea of every mu of fertilising, every 20 days or so are once later
Fertilizer, 30 kilograms of urea every time, until mid-August.Loosened the soil in combination with fertilising and weeding.
Step 7: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：To main insect such as leaf rust, leaf rust, canker, black spot, longicorn, clearwing
The main diseases and insect pests such as moth, Liu Liu fleautiauxia armatas, willow insect gall according to its occurrence and development rule in time prevent and prevent and treat.
Step 8: Second Year management is with felling：Nursery stock every mu of Second Year spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, topdressing amount ratio
First Year increase by 10% every time, other same First Years of management.After above-mentioned measure management, forest mean DBH increment can reach 6-
8 centimetres, the height of tree reaches 6-8 rice, and every mu of accumulation reaches 9-12 cubic meters, and biomass (dry weight) reaches every mu of 4800 kilograms of left sides
It is right.Using chain saw, 5 centimeters, elder generation carry out hangers, depth in the side of swinging to of trees more than the base portion ground of tree during felling
Up to 1/3rd of trunk, then cut from offside, cut surface flushes with the cut surface of hangers.Bark is not torn during cutting
Split, so that influenceing renewal.
Step 9: the 3rd year adopts regeneration after logging and fosters：According to the direction of tree row in base of the 3rd year spring after felling
Fertilising of in the ranks loosening the soil is being set, every mu of 50kg diamines, a little organic fertilizers can also applied according to soil fertility situation more.Reach 10 in stub rudiment
Centimetre when, only stay a strong bud on each stub, remaining all removes from base portion, smears 2-3 times and does not just sprout again substantially
Sprouting.Nursery stock every mu of spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, and topdressing amount increase by 10% more each than First Year, other management are together
First Year.
Step 10: the management and felling of the 4th year:Diamines 40kg was applied the 4th year every mu of spring, topdressing amount compares First Year
Increase by 10% every time, other same First Years of management.After above-mentioned measure management, the increment of increment and Second Year is suitable,
Clear felling can be carried out, simultaneously because root system is weathered, rudiment root sexuality weakens, and trees pile is removed after felling and carried out
Reforest.
The ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation of the willow Bohai Sea willow No. 1 of embodiment 3
Step 1: fine variety production：Selection cutting propagation is easy, root sprouts the strong willow breeding of the Bohai Sea 1 of ability.
Step 2: cuttings is produced and handled：Diameter 0.8- on the healthy and strong nursery stock of the above-mentioned breeding of selection 1-2 lifes before afforestation
The cuttings that length is 12-18 centimetres is made in 2.0 centimetres of branch, interception, and top at least retains 1 leaf bud.Will interception before cuttage
Good cuttings is placed in 300mg.kg-1GGR6 solution in soak 1 hour or so.
Step 3: plantation measures and arrangement：Physical features is flat for selection, soil fertility condition preferably, have fill row's condition, pH value 7-
8.5 sandy loam, 80-100 centimetres of soil thickness.40 centimetres will be ploughed deeply before cutting forset-plantation to reproducing area, plough deeply, make in the fall
Soil is more evacuated.40 kilograms of diamines is applied in site preparation for every mu.
Step 4: cutting forset-plantation:Cutting time be early November in the first year it is freeze-up before.According to nursery stock row to covering 100 centimetres
Soil is spread on width, 0.1 millimeter of unregistered land film of thickness, both sides earthing flanging, top, and grogs coverage is 10-15%.After peritonaeum
Punched on film, it is a length of to expose 1 centimetre of cuttings above mulch film according to 1.4 meters of line-spacing, 0.35 meter of planting cuttage of spacing in the rows, cuttage depth
It is best.Watered at once after cuttage, particularly dry soil, must complete in 2 days to pour after inserting permeable.
Step 5: final singling management：Seedling growth height 15 centimetres -20 centimetres when, start final singling.It can be sprouted in each cuttings
Send out branch multiple, retain upright a, highest, robust growth branch is cultivated, and others are cut from base portion.
Step 6: growing season management：Forest is irrigated according to the Tending Method of routine, be applied fertilizer after seedling planting, pine
Soil, weeding etc. manage.Irrigated according to weather condition, watered in time when particularly arid, irrigation amount to reach soil every time
Saturation moisture capacity is advisable.When seedling growth is to 50-60 centimetres, 10-15 kilograms of urea of every mu of fertilising, every 20 days or so later
It is disposable fertilizer, 20-30 kilograms of urea every time, until mid-August.Loosened the soil in combination with fertilising and weeding.
Step 7: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：To main insect such as leaf rust, leaf rust, canker, black spot, longicorn, clearwing
The main diseases and insect pests such as moth, Liu Liu fleautiauxia armatas, willow insect gall according to its occurrence and development rule in time prevent and prevent and treat.
Step 8: Second Year management is with felling：Nursery stock every mu of Second Year spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, topdressing amount ratio
First Year increase by 15% every time, other same First Years of management.After above-mentioned measure management, forest mean DBH increment can reach 6-
8 centimetres, the height of tree reaches 6-8 rice, and every mu of accumulation reaches 9-12 cubic meters, and biomass (dry weight) reaches 4000 kilograms every mu.Adopt
Using chain saw, 5 centimeters, elder generation carry out hangers in the side of swinging to of trees more than the base portion ground of tree when cutting down, and depth reaches trunk
1/3rd, then cut from offside, the sub cut surface of cut surface and hangers flushes.Bark is not torn during cutting, with
Cause to influence renewal.
Step 9: the 3rd year adopts regeneration after logging and fosters：According to the direction of tree row in base of the 3rd year spring after felling
Fertilising of in the ranks loosening the soil is being set, every mu of 50kg diamines, a little organic fertilizers can also applied according to soil fertility situation more.Reach 10 in stub rudiment
Centimetre when, only stay a strong bud on each stub, remaining all removes from base portion, smears 2-3 times and does not just sprout again substantially
Sprouting.Nursery stock every mu of spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, and topdressing amount increase by 15% more each than First Year, other management are together
First Year.
Step 10: the management and felling of the 4th year:Diamines 40kg was applied the 4th year every mu of spring, topdressing amount compares First Year
Increase by 15% every time, other same First Years of management.After above-mentioned measure management, the increment of increment and Second Year is suitable,
Clear felling can be carried out, simultaneously because root system is weathered, rudiment root sexuality weakens, and trees pile is removed after felling and carried out
Reforest.
Inventor has found through experiment, compared with other quick growing species of trees, Poplar Fine Varieties I-107, willow breeding Bohai Sea willow No. 2, salt willow
Also there is close performance with above-mentioned breeding, yield is to every mu 1800-2400 kilograms every year.
Foregoing description describe the main contents and advantage of the present invention.Simply illustrate the present invention described in description above
Principle, in the case where not departing from the precondition of main contents of the present invention, the present invention can also be become according to the concrete condition of various regions
Change and improve, these changes and improvements will be fallen into scope of the claimed invention, and the claimed scope of the invention is by institute
Attached claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ultrashort period of felling in turn cutting forset-plantation cultural method of the quick growing species of trees, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) fine variety production：Select Poplar Fine Varieties or willow breeding, Poplar Fine Varieties are Shandong woods No. 1, I-107 or Shandong woods No. 6, willow
Breeding is Bohai Sea willow No. 1, Bohai Sea willow No. 2, salt willow；
(2) cuttings is produced and handled：Branch before afforestation on the healthy and strong nursery stock of selection, interception are made cuttings, will intercepted before cuttage
Cuttings be placed in taking root liquid and handle；
(3) plantation measures and arrangement：Selection physical features is flat, soil fertility condition is preferable, has filling row condition, the husky earth of pH value 7-8.5
Soil or loam, 80-100 centimetres of soil thickness, are ploughed deeply and are applied fertilizer；
(4) cutting forset-plantation:After cutting time is the freeze-up preceding or next year spring break of early November in the first year, covered on seedbed
Film, planting cuttage is carried out after overlay film；
(5) final singling management：Seedling growth height 15 centimetres -20 centimetres when, start final singling；
(6) growing season management：According to the Tending Method management of routine after seedling planting, forest is irrigated, applied fertilizer, loosened the soil, removed
Grass；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(8) Second Year management is with felling：Top dressing is carried out, stump is felled；
Adopt regeneration after logging and foster within (9) the 3rd years：Top dressing is carried out, when stub rudiment reaches more than 10 centimetres, on each stub
A strong bud is only stayed, remaining all removes from base portion；
The management and felling of (10) the 4th years:Top dressing is carried out, clear felling is carried out after reaching increment, then reforests.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), the breeding of selection 1-2 lifes is strong before afforesting
The cuttings that length is 12-18 centimetres is made in the branch of upper 0.8-2.0 centimetres of the diameter of strong sprout wood, interception, and top at least retains 1 leaf
Bud；The cuttings intercepted is placed in 300-400mg.kg before cuttage-1GGR6 solution in soak 1 hour.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), 40 will be ploughed deeply before cutting forset-plantation to reproducing area
Centimetre, plough deeply in the fall, soil is more evacuated, some organic fertilizers are applied according to soil fertility in site preparation, every mu is applied diamines
40 kilograms.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), during cuttage, according to nursery stock row to 100 lis of covering
Soil is spread on meter Kuan, 0.1 millimeter of unregistered land film of thickness, both sides earthing flanging, top, and grogs coverage is after 10-15%, overlay film
Punched on film, according to 1.4 meters of line-spacing, 0.35 meter of planting cuttage of spacing in the rows, cuttage depth is to expose the centimeter length of cuttings 1 above mulch film
Preferably, watered at once after cuttage；Dry soil, it must complete in 2 days to pour after inserting permeable.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5), final singling management be seedling growth height 15 lis
During -20 centimetres of rice, start final singling, multiple branches can be sprouted in each cuttings, retain upright a, highest, growth is strong
Vigorous branches bar is cultivated, and others are cut from base portion.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (6), irrigate and be：Irrigated according to weather condition,
To be watered in time when arid, irrigation amount is advisable with reaching soil saturation water-holding capacity every time；Apply fertilizer and be：In seedling growth to 50-60
Centimetre when, every mu fertilising 10-15 kilograms of urea, disposable fertilizer is applied within every 20 days or so later, every time 20-30 kilograms of urea, until 8
In the middle of the month, loosened the soil in combination with fertilising and weeding.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (7), to leaf rust, canker, black spot, longicorn,
Clearwing moth, willow fleautiauxia armata, willow insect gall and other main diseases and insect pests according to its occurrence and development rule in time prevent and prevent and treat.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (8), nursery stock every mu of Second Year spring of management will apply two
40 kilograms of amine, topdressing amount increase by 10-15% more each than First Year, other same First Years of management；Using chain saw in tree during felling
More than base portion ground 5 centimeters, hangers first is carried out in the side of swinging to of trees, depth reaches 1/3rd, Ran Houcong of trunk
Offside is cut, and the cut surface of cut surface and hangers flushes, and bark is not torn during cutting, so that influenceing to update.
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (9), adopt regeneration after logging and foster for the 3rd year：3rd year
In the ranks loosened the soil fertilising in tree according to the direction of tree row in base of the spring after felling, every mu of 50kg diamines or according to soil fertility situation
Apply a little organic fertilizers more, when stub rudiment reaches 10 centimetres, a strong bud is only stayed on each stub, remaining is whole from base portion
Remove, smear 2-3 times to the sprouting not sprouted again substantially, nursery stock every mu of spring of management will apply 40 kilograms of diamines, and topdressing amount is than the
Increase by 10-15% every time in 1 year, other same First Years of management.
10. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (10), the management and felling of the 4th year:The 4th
Every mu of spring of year will apply diamines 40kg, topdressing amount increase by 10-15% more each than First Year, other same First Years of management, increment
It is suitable with the increment of Second Year, clear felling is carried out, simultaneously because root system is weathered, rudiment root sexuality weakens, will after felling
Trees pile is removed and reforested.
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| RU2807337C1 (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-11-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный исследовательский центр "Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук" | Method for forming carbon farms |
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| CN105850628B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-08-31 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | The business method of eucalyptus plantation |
| CN109220272A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-18 | 阜阳大丰收农业种植专业合作社 | A method of improving jujube tree hardwood cutting survival rate |
| CN113179840B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-03-17 | 滨州黄河三角洲高效生态产业现代技术研究院 | Method for rapidly cultivating willow big crown original crown engineering seedlings by minimally invasive technology |
| CN115862304B (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-05-05 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Intelligent early warning system and method for ecological restoration of degraded natural secondary forest |
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| CN1200233A (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 1998-12-02 | 陈聚恒 | Method for planting poplar forest grown in ultra short period used for paper-making |
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| RU2807337C1 (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-11-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный исследовательский центр "Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук" | Method for forming carbon farms |
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