CN1074767A - 计算机、设备及其系统重新配置的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种计算机系统,它可以在保持系统
运行的情况下进行适配器的插入或去除,且可根据适
配器的插入和去除自动地对系统进行重新配置。当
一个适配器被插入时,适配器检测机构向资源管理程
序以中断等形式传达适配器插入这一信息。资源管
理程序立即对其进行电的和机械的连接,并从适配器
上的存储器中读出其属性信息以进行必要的设置。
Description
本发明涉及诸如个人计算机或工作站这样的计算机系统,并特别涉及了其系统配置可应用适配器进行改变的计算机系统。
应用适配器改变象个人计算机这样的系统单元的配置已广泛应用。但是,在通常的方法中,适配器被定义成一种静态的或固定的资源,以至在个人计算机运行或通电之时是不能进行系统配置的改变的。在通常的系统中,当系统电源接通之后加电复位过程就开始了。所有的硬设备都被重新设置,然后系统资源的诊断程序接通以检查CPU,存储器等等。
与此同时,适配器也受到检查。系统在一个非易失存储器等设备中存储了关于装配了何种适配器这样的信息,并一般地根据在存储器中存储的信息对适配器进行检查。当适配器的配置需要加以改变时,通常的过程是关掉系统的电源一次,然后运行一个自动设置程序以重新配置系统,通过指定I/O(输入/输出)地址,存储器地址,中断级等等使其能够装入设备驱动程序。如果没有自动设置程序或设置过程不能按自动设置程序进行。则系统管理员就不得不以人工方式通过应用DIP开关(双列直插封装开关)等等来进行设置。于是适配器的改变将给用户增加很大的负担。
以下专利文献可与本发明作为对比。首先是日本公布的未审专利申请(JPUPA)No.60-10481,IPUPA No.62-27841以及日本公布的未审实用模型申请61-143224透露了在插入或去除一个适配器时如何防止适配器或系统损坏或失灵。JPUPA No.63-234488透露了如何检测适配器的插入或去除,以及如何通过应用检测过程中的适配器标识信号改变处理过程以适应于该适配器。但是,该文献并未提出对计算机系统配置信息的任何修改。而且,但需要重新设置时,就要进行适配器的适配器的插入或去除。进而是JPUPA No.59-154521透露了系统配置的联机重新配置。
然而,以上所有的实施例均未提出当适配器被插入或去除时与安装必要的驱动程序同时对系统配置信息进行无须用户干涉的自动修改而重新配置系统。
强烈需要的是当系统加电或运行之中诸如个人计算机的系统配置应能通过适配器的插入或去除进行改变。对于近来出现的便携式个人计算机,这一点特别强烈地需要。因为这类机器就空间而言适配器插入槽的数目较少,而其配置又应该能够对于正在应用的应用程序能够自由改变。应指出的是,此处所谓系统运行状态不仅指操作系统对于一条指令能给出一个提示符,而且也是指应用程序正在运行的状态。
本发明即是在考虑上述情形做出的。旨在提供一种可以在系统运行状态下进行适配器插入或去除的计算机系统,其中系统根据适配器的插入或去除而自动地被重新配置。
根据本发明,为达到上述目的,系统就要赋与一种适配器检测机制,以能够检测出用于扩展的适配器的插入和去除(一台计算机的所有适配器包括用于存储器的简单适配器和用作诸如通讯适配器这样的外设适配器)。适配器具有用于存储其属性信息的存储器。计算机系统还包括电的和机械的分离适配器以及监控当适配器试图插入或去除时适配器的运行状态的装置(程序),以使得当计算机系统运行之中,适配器能够被插入或去除。以下监控适配器运行状态的装置(程序)称为资源管理程序。
当适配器插入时,适配器检测机制将这一事实以中断等方式通知资源管理程序。资源管理程序在适配器插入后立即以机械或电的方式将适配器接入系统,执行必要的设置,包括系统所需的设备驱动程序,通过读出适配器上的存储器的适配器属性信息而分配存储器等,并允许应用程序使用适配器。
当用户要去除适配器时,他(或她)按动适配器去除按钮或从程序中向资源管理程序发出一去除请求。这一请求被传送到资源管理程序,然后该程序核查配器的运行状态,如果该适配器可以去除,则首先在电上解除其连接,然后在机械上解除其连接而加以去除。在连接去除之后计算机系统的用户就可以将适配器去除了。如果有数据正在被写入诸如硬磁盘这类设备,则去除请求要暂停直到适配器成为非作业态。在适配器去除的同时,如果包含有设备驱动程序的话,那么这个程序就会被告知这一设备已禁用这一事实。然后,即使有对该设备的请求,则设备驱动程序就转而回答不存在此设备或设备驱动程序自身被去除。
根据本发明如上描述,在系统加电的状态下可以去除全部的适配器,并从用户观点来说也可以自动地使用这些适配器。
(实施例)
现参照图例在以下对本发明的一个实施例加以说明。
图1展示了一个应用的实施例的外形。图中存储器适配器21与视频摄象机适配器22插入便携式计算机1的插槽(图中未示出)。视频摄象机适配器22附加在视频摄象机3上。便携式计算机1具有两个用于适配器的插槽。这些插槽的目的是一般性的,除了存储器适配器21与视频摄象机适配器22以外,还可接到诸如通讯适配器等各种适配器之上。
图2示例说明了计算机1与适配器2的配置。在图中,计算机的中央处理器4,存储器5以及诸如计算机1的键盘等的输入输出(I/O)装置6被连接到系统总线7上。与系统总线7相连接的一个扩展总线8上接有一个电连接器9,一个机械连接器10以及适配器检测11。适配器去除按钮12设在插槽附近。适配器2除了为之应用的功能模块(例如,在存储适配器情形时是一个存储模块,未表示出)以外还具有一个适配器属性信息存储器13。该适配器属性信息存储器13存储适器的标识符(IDS)与其他信息。
图3展示了图2中适配器2的连接区域2a。这一连接区域2a是被插入到便携式计算机1的插槽中去的。连接区域2a具有信号线14,电源线15以及在其端头的适配检测线16。当适配器2的连接区域2a插入到插槽中时,适配器检测装置11(图2)通过使用适配器检测线16而检测到适配器2的插入。便携式计算机1的机械连接器10(图2)对此的响应是通过驱动一个适配器锁定机构10a将适配器2机械地连接到便携式计算机1上。
图4说明了图2中电连接器9的安排。图中电连接器9的转换开关9a设计得能够控制适配器2的信号线与便携式计算机1的信号线之间的连接。
当用户按动适配器去除按钮12以去除适配器时,则电连接器9与机械连接器10都受到控制,并闭电连接并释放适配器锁定机构10a的锁定。
虽然图2仅表示出电连接器9,机械连接器10,适配器检测装置11以及适配器去除按钮12这样一套组件,但如象本实施例中那样,当具有两个插槽时,也可提供那样的两套组件。当插槽数且再增加时,只须提供相应数目的组件。
图5说明了便携式计算机1的软件配置。图中设备驱动程序17用于附加适配器2。资源管理程序19设在设备驱动程序17与操作系统18之间。资源管理程序19监控适配器2的插入或去除,以及管理图6中的系统配置信息和设备驱动程序17。资源管理程序19稍后将在图7和图8中特别加以说明。应用程序20在操作系统18支持下执行。
以下说明本实施例的操作。首先参见图7说明适配器2插入时的操作。图中,当用户将适配器2插入一空插槽时,适配器2的插入这一信息通过诸如这类程序被传递到资源管理程序19(步S1)。对此的响应是资源管理程序19利用适配器锁定机制10a将适配器2a机械地锁定(步S2)。与此同时,向适配器2加电。机械连接与加电之后,适配器2电连接到便携式计算机1上(在信号组上((步S3)。加电极和信号级这两步的连接抑制了适配器连接时在系统单元中产生噪声之类。在进行了机械和电的连接之后,从适配器2上适配器信息存储器13读出适配器标识符ID以便核查该适配器是否可以连接到系统单元上去(步S4与步S5)。如果可以连接,则适配器进一步的属性信息从适配器属性信息存储器13中读出以便对适配器工作必要的设定并安装必要设备驱动程序17(步S6)。在图7的例子,在适配器属性信息读出之后,资源管理程序19为适配器2建立起一个输入/输出地址,一个存储器地址一个中断级,使得它们不与其他资源发生冲突(步S7)。进而,设备驱动程序被读出并被纳入到操作系统18之中,并建立起工作区(步S8与步S9)。然后,资源管理程序19为适配器初始化一个寄存器等等,或如果指定要重新设置,则读出并重新设置之并在设置了适配器允许标志之后在中断以前将控制传输给操作系统18或应用程序20(步S10-步S12)。
如果适配器2不能使用,或虽然适配器已被连接而由于系统配置的关系(存储器数量不够,必要的文件设备容量太小,或没有必要的输入/输出设备)而不能使用,则资源管理程序19对原本连接上的适配器2进行电与机械的分离,最后适配器2被解除连接。
以下参见图8说明适配器2去除时的操作。图中当用户按动适配器去除按钮12时,该信号被传送到资源管理程序19(步S21)。虽然在这个例子中操作是由用户按动适配器去除按钮12开始的,但当用户从诸如键盘或鼠标这样的设备发出去除适配器请求时或应用程序发出去除适配器请求时,适配器也是可以去除的。在接收到去除适配器的请求之后,资源管理程序19核查适配器2是否正在使用之中。如果在使用,则管理程序就等待直至使用的完成(步S22)。有一种情形而当特别重新设定适配器允许标志及重新设定寄存器等而适配器不再处于使用之中时,则资源管理程序将寄存器内容存放在一个非易失存储器中或一个辅助存储器之中,然后释放设备驱动程序,释放设备驱动程序工作区等等(步S23-S25)。进而该管理程序释放该适配器曾使用过的输入输出地址,存储地址中断级等等(步S26),将适配器作电和机械的断开并将控制传输给操作系统或应用程序(步S27-S29)。这种作法抑制了适配器去除时可能在系统信号线路上产生噪声等。在机械去除之后,适配器2的锁定被释放以使用户可以自由地除去这适配器。
上述实施例的修改形式将在下面说明。
图9表示了一种修正方式,其中有一扩展单元21连接到便携式计算机1,并且大量的适配器2可以通过使用扩展单元的插槽连接到便携式计算机1上。即使在这种情况下,资源管理程序19也可响应对适配器2的向扩展单元21的插入或去除的检测而自动地对系统进行重新配置。
图10表示了便携式计算机构成的一个例子,它由系统单元22和显示单元23结合在一起。在这一例子中,系统单元22比如是A5的规格,而显示单元23也是A5规格。显示单元23包含了前一个例子中适配器的功能,并具有诸如液晶显示装置这样的显示部分,显示控制器和属性存储装置。系统单元22根据附加的显示单元22应用属性存储装置中的信息对其配置进行重新配置。如果图10的装置中应用图11所示A4规格的显示单元24,则图10的A5规格的显示单元23被除去,且图11的A4规格的显示单元24被附在适当的位置。系统单元22对此的响应是对于A4规格的显示单元24将系统重新配置。在这种情形下,由于显示控制器设置在显示单元23和24而不是在系统单元中提供的,于是易于将显示单元从23改变到24或相反。显示单元23和24具有图形输入板的功能。
根据本发明,一个适配器可以在保持计算机系统运行时进行插入和除去。而且处理适配器成为很容易的事,因为任何类型的适配器都可以为用户自动地结合到系统中去。
(图1)表示本发明的一个实施例的外观及其使用状态的一个透视图。
(图2)表示本实施例内部配置的框图。
(图3)说明本实施例的一个适配器的连接区域的框图。
(图4)表示本实施例的一个适配器的连接区域的框图。
(图5)表示本实施例的软件配置的框图。
(图6)表示本实施例系统配置信息的框图。
(图7)表示本实施例的适配器插入时操作过程的流程图。
(图8)表示本实施例去除适配器操作过程的流程图。
(图9)本实施例一个修改形式的透视图。
(图10)表示本实施例另一修改形式的框图。
(图11)进一步说明本实施例上述的另一修改形式的框图。
(数字符号说明)
1-便携式计算机1;
2-适配器;
9-电连接器;
10-机械连接器;
11-适配器检测装置;
12-适配器去除按钮;
13-属性信息存储器;
19-资源管理程序。
Claims (17)
1、一种计算机,它包括以下装置:一个或多个扩展适配器,每一适配器包含存储属性信息的存储区段;以及一个或多个为支撑上述扩展适配器之用的插槽;上述计算机具有以下特征:
具有响应上述扩展适配器在上述插槽中插和或去除而与上述扩展适配器交换预定信息的装置,以及基于上述扩展适配器中存储的上述属性信息而修改其系统配置信息的装置。
2、权利要求1所述的一种计算机,其特征如下:
具有响应上述扩展适配器在上述插槽中的插入和去除而对用于修改系统配置信息的上述装置进行初始化的中断装置。
3、权利要求1或2中所述的一种计算机,其特征为:具有用来对上述扩展适配器从上述插槽中去除发出请求的按钮。
4、权利要求1中所述的一种计算机,其特征如下:具有在上述插槽中对上述扩展适配器进行机械锁定的装置。
5、权利要求1中所述的一种计算机,其特征在于:上述属性信息包括上述适配器的一种标识数字,包括有关可获得的中断级信息,包括仲裁级和一个直接存储访问通道,包括有关可被一程序所设置的输入/输出寄存器信息,包括有关上述适配器中存储器的地址信息,包括用于再继续和重新启动的可保留寄存器的信息,以及有关上述适配器一个或多个设备驱动程序的信息。
6、权利要求1中所述的一种计算机,其特征在于:上述设备驱动程序是来自上述扩展的适配器而安装到计算机系统单元的。
7、权利要求1中所述的一种计算机,其特征为:上述扩展适配器之一为一个显示单元。
8、如权利要求7中所述的一种计算机,其特征为:上述显示单元具有显示控制段。
9、一种计算机,它具有一个或多个用于支撑一个或多个扩展适配器的插槽,其特征如下:具有检测上述扩展适配器插入上述插槽的装置;
具有响应来自上述检测装置的检测信号而将上述扩展适配器在上述插槽中进行机械锁定的装置;
具有响应来自上述检测装置的检测信号而向上述适配器加电的装置;
具有响应来自上述检测装置的检测信号而在一个信号级上连接上述扩展适配器与上述插槽的装置;
具有下述功能的装置:响应来自上述检测装置的检测信号而与上述扩展适配器交换预定信息的功能,以及基于存储于上述扩展适配器中的上述属性信息而对于其系统配置信息进行修改的功能。
具有请求从上述插槽中去除上述扩展适配器的装置;
具有与上述扩展适配器交换预定信息以便修改其上述系统配置信息的装置;
具有响应上述请求而在一个信号级上关断上述扩展适配器与上述插槽之间的通讯的装置;
具有响应上述请求而关断向上述扩展适配器供电的装置;以及
具有响应上述请求而释放上述扩展适配器在上述插槽上的机械锁定的装置。
10、权利要求9中的一种计算机,其特征为:请求从上述插槽中去除上述扩展适配器的上述装置包括一个适配器去除按钮。
11、一种扩展适配器,它是用以插入计算机插槽中去的,具有以下特征:
具有实现扩展功能的装置;
具有存储其上述计算机系统重新配置所必须的属性信息的存储装置;
具有从上述计算机插槽向上述扩展适配器供电的电源供电线路;以及
具有在上述计算机插槽与上述扩展适配器之间传送信号的信号线路。
12、权利要求11中所述的一种扩展适配器,它具有以下特征:上述属性信息包含上述适配器的一种标识数字,包含有关可能的中断级的信息,包含仲裁级和直接存储访问通道,包含可被程序设置的有关输入/输出寄存器的信息,包含有关上述适配器的存储器的地址信息,包含用于再继续或再启动的可保留寄存器的信息以及包含用于上述适配器的一个或多个设备驱动程序的信息。
13、权利要求11或12中所述的一种扩展适配器,其特征为:存储有一个或多个设备驱动程序并可将这些程序提供给上述计算机。
14、权利要求11或12中所述的一扩展适配器,其特征为构成一显示单元。
15、权利要求14中所述的一个扩展适配器,其特征在于上述的显示单元包括一显示屏幕与一个显示控制段。
16、一种用于计算机系统重新配置的设备,该计算机具有一个或多个用于支撑一个或多个扩展适配器的插槽,该设备特征如下:
具有检测上述扩展的适配器插入上述插槽的装置;
具有响应来自上述检测装置的检测信号而将上述扩展适配器在上述插槽中作机械锁定的装置;
具有响应来自上述检测装置的检测信号向上述适配器供电的装置;
具有响应来自上述检测装置的检测信号在一个信号级上连接上述扩展适配器与上述插槽的装置;
具有一种装置,该装置响应来自上述检测器的检测信号而可与上述扩展的适配器交换预定信息,且该装置基于上述扩展适配器中存储的上述属性信息可对上述计算机的系统配置信息进行修改;
具有请求从上述插槽去除上述扩展适配器的装置;
具有同上述扩展适配器交换预定信息的装置,以便对上述计算机的系统的配置信息进行修改;
具有响应上述请求而在一个信号级上关断上述扩展适配器与上述插槽之间的通信的装置;
具有响应上述请求关断向上述扩展适配器的供电的装置;以及
具有响应上述请求而向上述插槽释放上述扩展适配器的机械锁定的装置。
17、计算机系统的重新配置的一种方法,该方法具有一个或多个用于支撑一个或多个扩展适配器的插槽,该方法以下述步骤为特征:
检测上述扩展适配器向上述插槽的插入;
响应如上检测到的检测信号将上述扩展适配器在上述插槽中进行机械锁定;
响应如上检测到的检测信号向上述扩展适配器加电;
响应如上检测到的检测信号在一个信号级上连接上述扩展适配器与上述插槽;
响应如上检测到的检测信号与上述扩展适配器交换预定信息,并基于存储在上述扩展适配器中的属性信息而修改上述计算机系统配置信息;
请求从上述插槽中去除上述扩展适配器;
与上述扩展适配器交换预定信息以便修改上述计算机系统配置信息;
响应上述请求而关断上述扩展适配器与上述插槽在一个信号级上的通信;
响应上述请求关断向上述扩展适配器的供电;以及
响应上述请求而向上述插槽释放上述扩展适配器的机械锁定。
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JP7527/92 | 1992-01-20 |
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- 1992-10-14 US US07/960,753 patent/US5386567A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-04 CA CA002082118A patent/CA2082118C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-26 KR KR1019920025642A patent/KR960003066B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-26 CN CN92114988A patent/CN1026625C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-29 TW TW081110450A patent/TW208075B/zh active
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1993
- 1993-01-08 BR BR9300032A patent/BR9300032A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1993-01-08 DE DE69330533T patent/DE69330533T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-08 AT AT93300118T patent/ATE204090T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-01-08 ES ES93300118T patent/ES2160100T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-08 EP EP93300118A patent/EP0552873B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US7672747B2 (en) | 2000-03-30 | 2010-03-02 | Lam Research Corporation | Recipe-and-component control module and methods thereof |
CN100438521C (zh) * | 2002-10-16 | 2008-11-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | 数据通信设备中配置信息的管理方法 |
US7565220B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2009-07-21 | Lam Research Corporation | Targeted data collection architecture |
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US8010483B2 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2011-08-30 | Lam Research Corporation | Component-tracking system and methods therefor |
CN101387993B (zh) * | 2007-09-14 | 2010-09-08 | 凹凸科技(中国)有限公司 | 对计算机系统中的设备进行动态资源配置的方法及系统 |
CN102645946A (zh) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-08-22 | 施耐德电器工业公司 | 检测器和用于检测器的配置的设备 |
CN107092567A (zh) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-08-25 | 广达电脑股份有限公司 | 具有锁定机构的装置与方法以及非暂态电脑可读介质 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9300032A (pt) | 1993-07-27 |
US5386567A (en) | 1995-01-31 |
JPH0821015B2 (ja) | 1996-03-04 |
DE69330533T2 (de) | 2002-04-18 |
KR960003066B1 (ko) | 1996-03-04 |
KR930016855A (ko) | 1993-08-30 |
CA2082118C (en) | 1999-01-19 |
EP0552873B1 (en) | 2001-08-08 |
JPH05265927A (ja) | 1993-10-15 |
EP0552873A1 (en) | 1993-07-28 |
ES2160100T3 (es) | 2001-11-01 |
ATE204090T1 (de) | 2001-08-15 |
CA2082118A1 (en) | 1993-07-21 |
CN1026625C (zh) | 1994-11-16 |
TW208075B (zh) | 1993-06-21 |
DE69330533D1 (de) | 2001-09-13 |
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