CN107455200A - A kind of Bu Cheng gardens high-yield cultivating method of fig one based on Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch - Google Patents
A kind of Bu Cheng gardens high-yield cultivating method of fig one based on Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch Download PDFInfo
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- CN107455200A CN107455200A CN201710604657.2A CN201710604657A CN107455200A CN 107455200 A CN107455200 A CN 107455200A CN 201710604657 A CN201710604657 A CN 201710604657A CN 107455200 A CN107455200 A CN 107455200A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Bu Cheng gardens high-yield cultivating method of fig one based on Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch, it is characterised in that：Branch processing, site preparation cuttage, pruning, fertilizing management, water management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Apparatus of the present invention solve the problems, such as chlorinated polyvinyl chloride fibre wet spinning, by techniques such as spinneret, traction, washings, obtain the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride fibre of better crystallinity degree.Apparatus of the present invention solve the problems, such as that high quality seedling shortage and high yield cycle are long, based on Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch, realize bud differentiation then, growth, the characteristic of maturation, building well then every mu can crop be 520Kg ~ 540Kg, it is fast with building well, cost is low, operation is early and it is profitable the advantages of.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of to be based on stiff wood skewer available for the production of fig the present invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of fruit tree
The Bu Cheng gardens high-yield cultivating method of fig one for the technology of inserting.
Background technology
Ficus is in Moraceae Ficus subtropical zone machaka or dungarunga.Because of pest and disease damage in fig cultivation
Seldom, easily realize that nuisanceless green produces, and it is nutritious, rich in enzymes such as protease, lipase, amylase and oxidizing ferment
Class, there is nourishing, healthcare function, be described as " patron saint of 21 century human health ".
Carry out the demand increase to fig this year, but it is only more than 250,000 mus to produce fruit area, and market is to fig nursery stock
Demand is increasing, but the shortage of domestic improved seeds nursery stock, and existing market has two distinct issues：（1）Kind is with bad
Fill excellent, fig is eaten raw has obvious division with processing variety, processed goods be present and pretends to be the problem of eating kind raw, and processed goods seedling
Wood is cheaply a lot；（2）Nursery stock is adulterated, and fig nursery stock markets do not have grade scale, and supply falls short of demand for nursery stock, disease pest seedling,
Weak seedling is in market circulation.At fig industry initial stage, need a kind of high-yield cultivating method independent of commodity nursery stock badly, improve fruit
The enthusiasm and productivity effect of fig are planted in agriculture.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to above mentioned problem existing for existing technology, there is provided one kind is based on Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch
The Bu Cheng gardens high-yield cultivating method of fig one, apparatus of the present invention solve the problems, such as high quality seedling shortage and high yield the cycle it is long,
Based on Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch, realize bud differentiation then, growth, the characteristic of maturation, building well then every mu can crop be
520Kg ~ 540Kg, have building well it is fast, cost is low, operation is early and it is profitable the advantages of.
Therefore, the technical solution that the present invention is taken is：
A kind of Bu Cheng gardens high-yield cultivating method of fig one based on Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Branch processing：At the beginning of 3 months, the substantial fig annual shoot of development is chosen, is cut into 18cm ~ 22cm and 2 ~ 4 buds of band
Cutting, away from bud 2cm straight snips, at 45 ° ~ 50 ° of inclined-planes are cut in cutting lower end for cutting upper end, by the cutting sheared with 800 times of more bacterium
Clever solution carries out sterilization processing, and the sterilization processing time is 2h, then the indolebutyric acid solution for being 500mg/L with concentration is carried out to cutting
Processing, processing time 2h；
（2）Site preparation cuttage：With 6 meters of a width of railway carriage or compartments in orchard, two rows are planted per railway carriage or compartment, spacing is 3 meters, and gutter is opened in every piece of ground
And counter drain, the width of gutter and it is deep be 40cm, the width of counter drain and it is deep be 30cm, every railway carriage or compartment is entered with mini-tiller before cuttage 7 days
Row is ploughed, depth 20cm, stand-by to the black thin film covering that irrigates and use 1 meter wide in the range of 1 meter of cuttage row with water, by step
（1）The cutting carries out cuttage, and line-spacing is 3 meters, and spacing in the rows is 0.5 meter, 444 steps of every mu of cuttage（1）The cutting；
（3）Pruning：Step（2）Described in cutting bud length to 18cm ~ 22cm when start pinching, remove terminal bud, be expert to
The growth of bud is respectively selected and remain in vertical direction both sides, and remaining is erased, and forms the side tip, when side tip length to 38cm ~ 42cm, pinching again,
Two buds are respectively stayed on the tip of each side, remaining is erased, and forms the two level side tip, and after winter falls leaves, the two level side tip respectively stays 20cm weight cutting backs,
Remaining branch all removes；
（4）Fertilizing management：First, top dressing, the top dressing of cuttage then wants Bao Shiqin to apply, top dressing in four times, respectively in late April, 5
Once, Water soluble fertilizer N P and K 19-19-19 dilutions are filled and applied for the last ten-days period moon and each top dressing mid-July, and extension rate is 1000 times, often
Mu dosage be 1Kg, mid-August, and before fruit maturation, the filling of Water soluble fertilizer N P and K 12-12-30 dilutions is applied, extension rate 1000
Times, every mu of dosage be 1.5Kg, second, base manure, mid-December applies, every mu of administration sheep manure 500Kg and oil cake 100Kg, in the ranks 1.2
Ground is spread fertilizer over the fields in the range of rice, is ploughed deeply with mini-tiller；
（5）Water management：First, pouring water, late April, work as step（2）Described in cutting bud length to carrying out during 18cm ~ 22cm
Once pour water, late July to late August, pour water weekly once, continue 4 ~ 5 times, second, draining, gutter and pair based on orchard
Ditch, ponding to be discharged from gutter and counter drain in time in continuous rainy days；
（6）Insect pest preventing and controlling：The insect of fig is mulberry borer and weevil, and preventing and treating mulberry borer is divided to two periods, first, mid-July
Start to patrol garden at dusk, manual catching and killing adult simultaneously carries out manual cleaning to U-shaped tocostome on trunk, second, winter is by fig branch
All wipe out after, to find frass trunk with 20% first cyanogen chrysanthemum fat dilution injection preventing and treating, extension rate be 300 times, prevent and treat as
Nose worm, after winter pruning, to finding that the tree of frass is prevented and treated with 20% first cyanogen chrysanthemum fat dilution liquid irrigating root, extension rate is 300 times.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical proposal is：
1st, the present invention reduces purchase seedling cost directly by the Bu Cheng gardens of Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch one, and planting household can trim in the winter time
Shi Dingdian selects branch, ensure that variety and quality；
2nd, it is of the invention compared with traditional stock growing, the cutting density of fig is added, ensure that fig cutting survival
On the premise of, realize fig and go into operation then, there is the advantage that building well is fast, cost is low, operation is early, operation income is good, building well
Then with regard to can reach every mu can crop be 520Kg ~ 540Kg；
3rd, site preparation cuttage of the invention is advantageous to the ventilation and penetrating light of fig, and centre is operating walk way, is easy to pluck, fig
It root system vertical distribution 15cm ~ 40cm soil layers, can avoid that damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging occurs；
4th, after water management of the present invention is selected in cutting root growth stabilization, woods later stage fast-growth water demand can be met,
Cutting base portion will not be caused to rot, in late July to late August, watering weekly can meet that summer leaf transpiration rate is big, easily dry
Drought, while draining is avoided that the influence that waterlogging is grown to fig；
5th, cuttage of the present invention starts a large amount of rudiments for 15 ~ 20 days, and germination rate is more than 93%, cuttage 50 days ~ 60 days, cuttage seeding production
To 20cm, survival rate is more than 90%, and 3 months or so cuttage seedings of cuttage are largely born fruit, and 6 months fruits of cuttage start maturation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is growth of cuttage seedlings 20cm 55 days after cuttage of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that cuttage seeding is largely born fruit 155 days after cuttage of the invention.
Fig. 3 is that fruit starts maturation 172 days after cuttage of the invention.
Fig. 4 is 263 days after cuttage of the invention, completes winter pruning, and statistics works as annual production.
Embodiment
To make the features and advantages of the invention clearer, it is described with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
（One）Implement the time：2016.
（Two）Implement orchard overview：Implementation is located in Deyang City Shifang City and learnt something in history town Si Yuan villages, positioned at 104.02 degree of east longitude, north latitude
31.09 degree, prepartion of land, gross area 3.3hm2, belong to subtropical zone moist climate, average temperature of the whole year is 15.9 °C, mean annual precipitation
Measure 1100mm, 300 days annual average frost-free periods, year 5750.6 DEG C of active accumulated temperature, year total illumination 1004.5 hours.Soil be husky earth,
Soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter 0.73%, hydrolyzes nitrogen content 85.19mg/kg, available phosphorus content 31.98mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content
152.93mg/kg pH value 6.2.
（Three）Implement kind：Ma Siyi Tao Fen.
（Four）Implementation：Including branch processing, site preparation cuttage, pruning, fertilizing management, water management, pest and disease damage
Preventing and treating and implementation result etc..
（1）Branch processing：On March 2nd, 2016, the substantial Ma Siyi Tao Fen annual shootes of development are chosen, be cut into a 20cm left sides
The right, cutting of 2~4 buds of band, upper end is cut into 45~50 degree of inclined-planes away from bud about 2cm straight snips, lower end.By the cutting sheared with 800
Carbendazim solution again carries out 2h sterilization processings, and cutting base portion 2h is handled with the indolebutyric acid solution of 500mg/L degree.
（2）Site preparation cuttage：6m opens railway carriage or compartment, and two rows are planted per railway carriage or compartment, is spaced 3m, and gutter and counter drain are opened in every piece of ground, and specification is gutter
The wide and deep wide and deep equal 30cm of 40cm, counter drain.Ploughed with mini-tiller within 7 days before cuttage, depth 20cm, to 1 meter of scope of cuttage row
It is stand-by inside to pour permeable and with wide 1m black thin film covering.On March 3rd, 2016, treated cutting is subjected to cuttage, line-spacing
3m, spacing in the rows 0.5m, per the root cutting of 667m2 cuttages 444.
（3）Pruning：Cuttage seeding length removes terminal bud, is expert at and is respectively selected and remain to vertical direction both sides to 20cm or so beginning pinching
One bud is grown, and remaining bud is erased.The pinching again after side tip length is to 40cm, two buds is respectively stayed on each side tip, remaining is erased.Winter
After fallen leaves, the two level side tip respectively stays 20cm or so weight cutting backs.Remaining branch all removes.
（4）Fertilizing management：When top dressing, respectively in late April, late May and each top dressing mid-July once, Water soluble fertilizer
1000 times of liquid, which fill, to be applied, per 667m2 dosages 1kg.Mid-August, before fruit maturation, Water soluble fertilizer（Nitrogen 12, phosphorus 12, potassium 30）1000 times of liquid
Filling is applied, per 667m2 dosages 1.5kg.Second, base manure, mid-December applies.1000 jin of sheep manure, 200 jin of oil cake are applied per 667m2,
In the ranks ground is spread fertilizer over the fields in the range of 1.2m, after ploughed deeply with mini-tiller.
（5）Water management：When pour water, late April, when young sprout length to 20cm or so pour water for the first time；Late July
To late August, summer branches and leaves transpiration rate is big, and easily arid, pours water once for general 7 days, fills 4 to 5 times altogether.Second, draining, is building
On the basis of rationally drainage system is set during garden, orchard ponding is excluded in time when continuous overcast and rainy.
（6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Fig disease is less, mainly two kinds of insect pests of mulberry borer and weevil worm.Prevent and treat longicorn point
Two periods：First, starting mid-July to patrol garden at dusk, manual catching and killing adult is simultaneously carried out artificial clear to U-typed tocostome on trunk
Reason；Second, after winter all wipes out fig branch, to finding that the trunk of frass is anti-with 20% Fenpropathrin, 300 times of liquid injections
Control.Prevent and treat weevil：After winter pruning, to finding that the tree of frass is prevented and treated with 20% Fenpropathrin, 300 times of liquid irrigating roots.
（7）Implementation result：15 days after cuttage（March 17）A large amount of cutting rudiments, germination rate 95%；55 days after cuttage（April
26 days）, growth of cuttage seedlings to 20cm, survival rate 91%；115 days after cuttage（June 25）, cuttage seeding largely bears fruit；After cuttage
172 days（August 21 days）, fruit starts maturation；October 29 started to fall leaves, and statistics works as annual production, and average every mu of ground yield is about
542kg；November 20, complete winter pruning.
Embodiment 2：
（One）Implement the time：2016.
（Two）Implement orchard overview：Implementation is located in Neijiang City Weiyuan County Xin Dian towns Wen Feng villages, positioned at 104.25 degree of east longitude, north
29.32 degree of latitude, prepartion of land, gross area 2.1hm2, belong to subtropical zone monsoon warming shed method, average temperature of the whole year is 17.8 °C, Nian Ping
Equal precipitation 1000mm, 329 days annual average frost-free periods, year 5598 DEG C of active accumulated temperature, year total illumination 1100 hours.Soil is earth
Soil, soil layer are deep, the content of organic matter 1.3%, hydrolyze nitrogen content 93.26mg/kg, available phosphorus content 12.11mg/kg, and available potassium contains
Measure 172.38mg/kg, pH value 7.1.
（Three）Implement kind：Ma Siyi Tao Fen.
（Four）Implementation：Including branch processing, site preparation cuttage, pruning, fertilizing management, water management, pest and disease damage
Preventing and treating and implementation result etc..
（1）Branch processing：On March 2nd, 2016, the substantial Ma Siyi Tao Fen annual shootes of development are chosen, be cut into a 20cm left sides
The right, cutting of 2~4 buds of band, upper end is cut into 45~50 degree of inclined-planes away from bud about 2cm straight snips, lower end.By the cutting sheared with 800
Carbendazim solution again carries out 2h sterilization processings, and cutting base portion 2h is handled with the indolebutyric acid solution of 500mg/L degree.
（2）Site preparation cuttage：6m opens railway carriage or compartment, and two rows are planted per railway carriage or compartment, is spaced 3m, and gutter and counter drain are opened in every piece of ground, and specification is gutter
The wide and deep wide and deep equal 30cm of 40cm, counter drain.Ploughed with mini-tiller within 7 days before cuttage, depth 20cm, to 1 meter of scope of cuttage row
It is stand-by inside to pour permeable and with wide 1m black thin film covering.On March 6th, 2016, treated cutting is subjected to cuttage, line-spacing
3m, spacing in the rows 0.5m, per the root cutting of 667m2 cuttages 444.
（3）Pruning：Cuttage seeding length is removed terminal bud, is expert at each to vertical direction both sides to 20cm or so beginning pinching
Bud growth is selected and remain, remaining bud is erased.The pinching again after side tip length is to 40cm, two buds is respectively stayed on each side tip, remaining is erased.
After winter fallen leaves, the two level side tip respectively stays 20cm or so weight cutting backs.Remaining branch all removes.
（4）Fertilizing management：When top dressing, respectively in late April, late May and each top dressing mid-July once, Water soluble fertilizer
1000 times of liquid, which fill, to be applied, per 667m2 dosages 1kg.Mid-August, before fruit maturation, Water soluble fertilizer（Nitrogen 12, phosphorus 12, potassium 30）1000 times of liquid
Filling is applied, per 667m2 dosages 1.5kg.Second, base manure, mid-December applies.1000 jin of sheep manure, 200 jin of oil cake are applied per 667m2,
In the ranks ground is spread fertilizer over the fields in the range of 1.2m, after ploughed deeply with mini-tiller.
（5）Water management：When pour water, late April, when young sprout length to 20cm or so pour water for the first time；Late July
To late August, summer branches and leaves transpiration rate is big, and easily arid, pours water once for general 7 days, fills 4 to 5 times altogether.Second, draining, is building
On the basis of rationally drainage system is set during garden, orchard ponding is excluded in time when continuous overcast and rainy.
（6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Fig disease is less, mainly two kinds of insect pests of mulberry borer and weevil worm.Prevent and treat longicorn point
Two periods：First, starting mid-July to patrol garden at dusk, manual catching and killing adult is simultaneously carried out artificial clear to U-typed tocostome on trunk
Reason；Second, after winter all wipes out fig branch, to finding that the trunk of frass is anti-with 20% Fenpropathrin, 300 times of liquid injections
Control.Prevent and treat weevil：After winter pruning, to finding that the tree of frass is prevented and treated with 20% Fenpropathrin, 300 times of liquid irrigating roots.
（7）Implementation result：17 days after cuttage（March 23）A large amount of cutting rudiments, germination rate 93%；56 days after cuttage（April
30 days）, growth of cuttage seedlings to 20cm, survival rate 90%；114 days after cuttage（June 27）, cuttage seeding largely bears fruit；After cuttage
170 days（August 22 days）, fruit starts maturation；November 4 started to fall leaves, and statistics works as annual production, and average every mu of ground yield is about
526kg；November 26, complete winter pruning.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment, do not enumerating, relating generally at branch
Reason, site preparation cuttage, pruning, fertilizing management, water management, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc..It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation
The technical scheme of formation, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. Bu Cheng gardens high-yield cultivating method of fig one based on Cuttage Technique of Hard Branch, it is characterised in that：Specific steps are such as Under,Branch processing：At the beginning of 3 months, the substantial fig annual shoot of development is chosen, is cut into 18cm ~ 22cm and 2 ~ 4 buds of band Cutting, away from bud 2cm straight snips, at 45 ° ~ 50 ° of inclined-planes are cut in cutting lower end for cutting upper end, by the cutting sheared with 800 times of carbendazim Solution carries out sterilization processing, and the sterilization processing time is 2h, then the indolebutyric acid solution for being 500mg/L with concentration to cutting at Reason, processing time 2h；（2）Site preparation cuttage：With 6 meters of a width of railway carriage or compartments in orchard, two rows are planted per railway carriage or compartment, spacing is 3 meters, and gutter is opened in every piece of ground And counter drain, the width of gutter and it is deep be 40cm, the width of counter drain and it is deep be 30cm, every railway carriage or compartment is entered with mini-tiller before cuttage 7 days Row is ploughed, depth 20cm, stand-by to the black thin film covering that irrigates and use 1 meter wide in the range of 1 meter of cuttage row with water, by step （1）The cutting carries out cuttage, and line-spacing is 3 meters, and spacing in the rows is 0.5 meter, 444 steps of every mu of cuttage（1）The cutting；（3）Pruning：Step（2）Described in cutting bud length to 18cm ~ 22cm when start pinching, remove terminal bud, be expert to The growth of bud is respectively selected and remain in vertical direction both sides, and remaining is erased, and forms the side tip, when side tip length to 38cm ~ 42cm, pinching again, Two buds are respectively stayed on the tip of each side, remaining is erased, and forms the two level side tip, and after winter falls leaves, the two level side tip respectively stays 20cm weight cutting backs, Remaining branch all removes；（4）Fertilizing management：First, top dressing, the top dressing of cuttage then wants Bao Shiqin to apply, top dressing in four times, respectively in late April, 5 Once, Water soluble fertilizer N P and K 19-19-19 dilutions are filled and applied for the last ten-days period moon and each top dressing mid-July, and extension rate is 1000 times, often Mu dosage be 1Kg, mid-August, and before fruit maturation, the filling of Water soluble fertilizer N P and K 12-12-30 dilutions is applied, extension rate 1000 Times, every mu of dosage be 1.5Kg, second, base manure, mid-December applies, every mu of administration sheep manure 500Kg and oil cake 100Kg, in the ranks 1.2 Ground is spread fertilizer over the fields in the range of rice, is ploughed deeply with mini-tiller；（5）Water management：First, pouring water, late April, work as step（2）Described in cutting bud length to carrying out during 18cm ~ 22cm Once pour water, late July to late August, pour water weekly once, continue 4 ~ 5 times, second, draining, gutter and pair based on orchard Ditch, ponding to be discharged from gutter and counter drain in time in continuous rainy days；（6）Insect pest preventing and controlling：The insect of fig is mulberry borer and weevil, and preventing and treating mulberry borer is divided to two periods, first, mid-July Start to patrol garden at dusk, manual catching and killing adult simultaneously carries out manual cleaning to U-shaped tocostome on trunk, second, winter is by fig branch All wipe out after, to find frass trunk with 20% first cyanogen chrysanthemum fat dilution injection preventing and treating, extension rate be 300 times, prevent and treat as Nose worm, after winter pruning, to finding that the tree of frass is prevented and treated with 20% first cyanogen chrysanthemum fat dilution liquid irrigating root, extension rate is 300 times.
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| CN201710604657.2A CN107455200B (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | Fig one-step garden-forming high-yield cultivation method based on hardwood cutting technology |
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| CN107455200B CN107455200B (en) | 2020-01-17 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109548544A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-04-02 | 澧县泰溥生态水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of fig implantation methods for preventing and treating pest and disease damage |
| CN110463455A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-19 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of method of middle areas in Shandong Province's Hardwood Cuttings In Fig breeding and seedling |
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| CN109548544A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-04-02 | 澧县泰溥生态水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of fig implantation methods for preventing and treating pest and disease damage |
| CN110463455A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-19 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of method of middle areas in Shandong Province's Hardwood Cuttings In Fig breeding and seedling |
| CN110463455B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2022-02-18 | 山东省果树研究所 | Method for hardwood cutting propagation and seedling raising of figs in Luzhong region |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107455200B (en) | 2020-01-17 |
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