CN107284398A - 用于车辆的前部气囊及其控制方法 - Google Patents

用于车辆的前部气囊及其控制方法 Download PDF

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CN107284398A
CN107284398A CN201610893607.6A CN201610893607A CN107284398A CN 107284398 A CN107284398 A CN 107284398A CN 201610893607 A CN201610893607 A CN 201610893607A CN 107284398 A CN107284398 A CN 107284398A
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vehicle
passage
collision
side chamber
controller
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崔在镐
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种车辆的前部气囊。该气囊包括具有多个腔的气囊垫和向每个腔供应充气装置的气体的气体流动通道。可变阀门有选择地关闭或打开气体流动通道。此外，控制器判断车辆碰撞的类型，并基于碰撞的类型操作可变阀门。

Description

用于车辆的前部气囊及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种布置在车内乘客前方的气囊，更具体地讲，涉及一种能防止乘客与诸如防撞垫(仪表板)或中央仪表板(center fascia)的结构碰撞，并能防止当发生斜向碰撞时由于头部转动而导致乘客颈部或大脑的损伤。
背景技术
除了对车辆的功能性和方便性以外，随着对乘客安全的关注加，对在事故中保护乘客安全的相关设备的重要性也随之增加。在用于保护乘客的安全设备中，特别地，气囊系统是用于分散车辆碰撞时施加在乘客上的冲击的基本保护系统。
特别地，前部气囊布置在乘客前方，能防止乘客与车内的各种结构直接碰撞，并且还能阻断车辆碰撞时从外部传来的冲击能量。然而，常见的气囊存在如下问题，当车辆斜向碰撞时(例如，侧面碰撞)，乘客可能不能通过常见的气囊充分受到保护。
本部分所公开的上述信息仅仅是为了增强对发明背景的理解，因此不视为承认其相当于本领域技术人员所知晓的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种能防止当车辆斜向碰撞时乘客头部与中央仪表板等直接碰撞等或由于气囊腔表面冲击造成的潜在乘客伤害的前部气囊。
为实现上述目标，根据本发明，一种车辆的前部气囊，可包括：气囊垫，其具有室内侧腔，中部腔和门侧腔；气体流动通道，用于为气囊垫的每个腔供应充气装置的气体；可变阀门，布置在充气装置和气体流动通道间用于可选择地关闭或打开气体流动通道；以及控制器，被配置为通过冲击传感器判断车辆碰撞情况并操作可变阀门。
前部气囊可进一步包括：第一通气孔，提供室内侧腔和中部腔间的流体连通，和第二通气孔，提供中部腔和门侧腔间的流体连通。控制器可被配置为当检测到斜向碰撞时操作可变阀门以展开中部腔和室内侧腔。控制器可进一步被配置为操作可变阀门以展开中部腔和门侧腔以响应检测到的正面碰撞。
第一和第二通气孔可为主动通气孔，控制器可被配置为响应于检测到斜向碰撞，关闭第一通气孔并打开第二通气孔。此外，第一和第二通气孔可为主动通气孔，控制器可配置为响应于检测到正面碰撞，打开第一和第二通气孔。门侧腔可进一步包括第三通气孔，提供腔和外部的流体连通。与门侧腔连接的气体流动通道可形成有比其它气体流动通道的直径更大的直径。
根据本发明的其它方面，本发明提供了一种用于车辆的前部气囊的控制方法，可包括：识别乘客是否进入车辆；检测用于判断车辆碰撞情况的碰撞信号；响应于检测到的碰撞信号，选择要展开的一个或多个腔体；以及操作可变阀门以展开所选择的腔。
关于根据以上所述的本发明的车辆前部气囊，当车辆斜向碰撞时可以允许仅室内侧和中部的腔展开，因此可防止乘客与诸如中央仪表板等车辆结构的直接碰撞。此外，可以维持室内侧腔的高压从而防止对乘客颈部和大脑的潜在伤害。另外，可以允许气囊腔基于车辆的正面碰撞或斜向碰撞情况有选择地展开，因此当增加气囊的体积时不需要增加充气装置的容量。
附图说明
本发明的前述和其它目的，特征以及优点从下面结合相应附图的详细描述中变得清晰，其中：
图1是说明根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊在正面碰撞时操作状态的示意图；
图2是说明根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊在侧向碰撞时操作状态的示意图；
图3是说明根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊的通气孔在正面碰撞时操作状态的示意图；
图4是说明根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊的通气孔在斜向碰撞时操作状态的示意图；以及
图5是根据本发明一个示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊可变阀门的控制方法流程图。
具体实施方式
应该理解的是本文使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或其它类似术语包括通常的机动车辆，如包括运动型多用途车(SUV)，公共汽车，卡车，各种商用车的客车，包括各种船舶的水运工具，飞机等，并包括混合动力汽车，电动汽车，燃烧，插入式混合动力电动汽车，氢动力汽车和其他替代燃料汽车(例如，从非石油资源获取的燃料)。
尽管示例性实施例被描述为使用多个单元来执行示例性过程，应当理解的是示例性过程也可以通过一个或多个模块来执行。此外，应当理解的是术语控制器是指包括存储器和处理器的硬件装置。存储器被配置为存储模块，处理器特别地被配置为执行所述的模块以执行一个或更多个下面进一步描述的过程。
本文使用的术语仅用于描述具体实施例的目的，并不旨在限制本发明。如本文使用的，单数形式“一”和“这”也旨在包括复数形式，除非上下文另外明确指出。术语“包括”应进一步理解为，当在说明书中使用时，列举所述的特征，整数，步骤，操作，零件和/或部件的存在，但不排除一个或多个其它特征，整数，步骤，操作，零件，部件和/或它们的组的存在或附加。如本文使用的，术语“和/或”包含一个或多个相关列举的项目的任意和所有组合。
下文中，示例性实施例将参照相应的附图进行详细地描述，然而并不限于本发明的示例性实施例。而且在本发明的描述中不提供相关公知的结构或功能的描述，因其会不必要地使本发明的范围不清楚。
图1是说明根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊在正面碰撞时操作状态的示意图；图2是说明根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊在侧向碰撞时操作状态的示意图；图3是说明根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊的通气孔在正面碰撞时操作状态的示意图；图4是说明根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊的通气孔在斜向碰撞时操作状态的示意图；以及图5是根据本发明示例性实施例的车辆的前部气囊可变阀门的控制方法流程图。
为实现上述的目标，根据本发明，车辆的前部气囊可包括：气囊垫100，具有室内侧腔101，中部腔103和门侧腔105；气体流动通道200，用于为气囊垫100的每个腔供应充气装置113的气体；可变阀门300，布置在充气装置113和气体流动通道200间用来可选择地关闭或打开气体流动通道200；以及控制器400，被配置为利用冲击传感器401判断车辆碰撞情况(例如，对碰撞类型进行分类)并操作可变阀门300。
特别地，控制器400可被配置为响应于检测到斜向碰撞在操作可变阀门300以展开中部腔103和室内侧腔101。控制器400可进一步被配置为响应于检测到正面碰撞，操作可变阀门300以展开中部腔103和门侧腔105。
通常，车辆的前部气囊安装在车辆的方向盘内或防撞垫内。在利用从车辆冲击传感器401或电子控制单元(ECU)403等获取的多个信号值检测到车辆碰撞时，通过迅速展开气囊来防止乘客与车体内部各种结构的直接碰撞，并且气囊还吸收从外部传来的冲击力，故防止了冲击力传递到乘客身上。在常规车辆中，当发生车辆碰撞时驾驶员通过常规的帘式气囊和前部气囊受到保护。然而在斜向碰撞时，与正面或横向碰撞相反，由于乘客意外的移动行为，对乘客的保护是不充分的。
特别地，通过例子来参照斜向碰撞的情况，在斜向碰撞时乘客的头部不会撞击在气囊垫100的中央部分上而是撞击在其横向侧上。因此，当气囊垫100为常规气囊垫时，该常规气囊垫的室内侧不能支撑头部撞在其上而引起塌陷。因此，头部滑出气囊垫100的表面，然后与防撞垫(仪表板)或中央仪表板直接碰撞从而对头部产生伤害。此外，当头部滑出气囊垫100的室内侧表面时由于头部转动，乘客的颈部或大脑会受到潜在的伤害。
因此，旨在增加气囊垫100的尺寸以覆盖直至中央仪表板处的保护区域，因此增加气囊垫100的体积会导致充气装置113容量的负担，气囊的展开速度会减小，因此对乘客的保护会不充分。因此，通过图1至4的例子示出的本发明被配置为增加气囊垫100的尺寸以覆盖直至中央仪表板处的保护区域，并且通过调节充气装置113内的气体有选择地供应到每个腔中以允许气囊垫100的每个腔可有选择地展开，从而在不增加充气装置113容量的情况下实现了气囊的快速展开速度，其结果为在斜向碰撞时乘客可受到充分地保护。
特别地，参照附图，气囊垫100可分为室内侧腔101，中部腔103和门侧腔105。特别地，每个腔可包括单个或多个腔。每个腔可被连接到气体流动通道200上以向其供应充气装置113的气体，并且可变阀门300可布置在充气装置113和气体流动通道200间以打开或关闭气体流动通道200从而有选择地展开每个腔。
响应于基于从冲击传感器401或ECU403等接收的信息而检测到正面碰撞，控制器400可被配置为操作可变阀门300以展开中部腔103和门侧腔105。而且，响应于检测到斜向碰撞，控制器400被配置为操作可变阀门300以展开中部腔103和室内侧腔101。因此，可以在不增加充气装置113的容量的情况下减小展开的腔的体积，并有效地应对正面和斜向碰撞。
前部气囊可进一步包括：第一通气孔107，提供室内侧腔101和中部腔103间的流体连通，和第二通气孔109，提供中部腔和门侧腔105间的流体连通。第一和第二通气孔107，109可为主动通气孔，控制器400可被配置为响应于检测到斜向碰撞，关闭第一通气孔107并打开第二通气孔109。
在斜向碰撞中，虽然增加气囊垫100的保护区域以防止乘客与中央仪表板的直接碰撞是重要的，如上所述，但在增加部分不塌陷的状态下气囊垫能维持支撑力也很重要。因此，根据本发明，提供室内侧腔101和中部腔103间的流体连通的第一通气孔107可被关闭以维持供应到室内侧腔101的气体从而保证支撑力，同时提供中部腔和门侧腔105间的流体连通的第二通气孔109可被打开，因此在乘客头部撞击在气囊上(例如，与气囊产生冲击)后气体可通过第二通气孔109排出到门侧腔105，因此可以减小气体压力。因此，可以防止乘客与中央仪表板直接碰撞，防止了由于头部转动对大脑和颈部的伤害，并减轻了由于气囊展开压力而施加在乘客身上的冲击。
此外，第一和第二通气孔107，109可为主动通气孔，控制器400可被配置为响应于检测到正面碰撞，打开第一和第二通气孔107，109。在正面碰撞时，与气囊接触或撞击的乘客头部和上身会更少地偏移，因此有利于维持中部腔103和门侧腔105内的压力相等。此外，排出充气装置113内的气体以减轻由于气囊的展开压力而施加在乘客身上的冲击也很重要。
因此，根据本发明，提供中部腔和门侧腔105间的流体连通的第二通气孔109可被打开以维持中部腔和门侧腔105内的压力相等，同时提供室内侧腔101和中部腔103间的流体连通的第一通气孔107可被打开以在乘客的头部和上身撞击在气囊上时允许气体排出到室内侧腔101。
门侧腔可进一步包括：第三通气孔111，提供腔与外部的流体连通。此外，与外部流体连通的一般通气孔可进一步设置在门侧腔105内以便于门侧腔105内气体的排出。与门侧腔101相连的气体流动通道201可形成有比其它气体流动通道203和205的直径更大的直径。
如上所述，在斜向碰撞时，为防止当头部接触气囊时乘客头部转动，通过维持室内侧腔101内的压力来保证支撑力。特别地，可考虑增加与室内侧腔体101连接的气体流动通道的直径以把增加量的气体充入腔内从而增加展开速度和压力并且保护乘客。
一种车辆的前部气囊的控制方法，可包括：识别乘客是否进入车辆(S100)；检测用于判断车辆碰撞情况的碰撞信号(S200)；响应于检测到的碰撞信号，选择要展开的一个或多个腔(S300)；以及操作可变阀门300以展开所选择的腔(S400)。
在判断乘客是否进入车辆的步骤中，该方法可包括：判断是否激活气囊。此外，在检测碰撞信号的步骤中，该方法可包括：基于从冲击传感器401或ECU403接收的信息判断是否发生车辆碰撞；以及判断碰撞的模式(分别为S201和步骤S203)。在选择要展开的一个或多个腔的步骤中，该方法可包括：响应于检测到的碰撞信号，选择要展开的一个或多个腔。并且，在操作可变阀门的步骤中，可变阀门300可被操作以展开所选择的腔。因此，车辆的前部气囊可如上所述的那样被控制，可以有效地应对正面碰撞和斜向碰撞从而更可靠地保护乘客。
虽然已经结合特定的示例性实施例描述并示出了本发明，但显然对本领域技术人员而言，在不脱离如在所附专利权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围的前提下可以以各种方式修改和改变本发明。

Claims (9)

1.一种车辆的前部气囊，包括：
气囊垫，其包括室内侧腔，中部腔，和门侧腔；
气体流动通道，用于向气囊垫的每个腔供应充气装置的气体；
可变阀门，布置在所述充气装置和气体流动通道之间，以有选择地打开或关闭气体流动通道；以及
控制器，被配置为利用冲击传感器判断车辆碰撞的类型，并根据车辆碰撞类型操作所述可变阀门。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆的前部气囊，进一步包括：
第一通气孔，提供所述室内侧腔和所述中部腔之间的流体连通；以及
第二通气孔，提供所述中部腔和所述门侧腔之间的流体连通。
3.如权利要求1所述的车辆的前部气囊，其中所述控制器被配置为响应于检测到斜向碰撞，操作所述可变阀门来展开所述中部腔和所述室内侧腔。
4.如权利要求1所述的车辆的前部气囊，其中所述控制器被配置为响应于检测到正面碰撞，操作所述可变阀门来展开所述中部腔和所述门侧腔。
5.如权利要求2所述的车辆的前部气囊，其中所述第一通气孔和所述第二通气孔为主动通气孔，并且所述控制器被配置为响应于检测到斜向碰撞，关闭所述第一通气孔并打开所述第二通气孔。
6.如权利要求2所述的车辆的前部气囊，其中所述第一通气孔和所述第二通气孔为主动通气孔，并且所述控制器被配置为响应于检测到正面碰撞，打开所述第一通气孔和所述第二通气孔。
7.如权利要求6所述的车辆的前部气囊，其中所述门侧腔进一步包括：
第三通气孔，提供所述门侧腔与外部的流体连通。
8.如权利要求1所述的车辆的前部气囊，其中与所述门侧腔连接的气体流动通道形成有比其它气体流动通道的直径更大的直径。
9.一种权利要求1所述的车辆的前部气囊的控制方法，包括以下步骤：
通过传感器识别乘客是否进入车辆；
通过控制器检测用于判断车辆碰撞类型的碰撞信号；
响应于检测到的碰撞信号，通过所述控制器选择要展开的一个或多个腔；以及
通过所述控制器操作可变阀门，以展开所选择的腔。
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