CN107047191A - A kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard - Google Patents

A kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107047191A
CN107047191A CN201710271154.8A CN201710271154A CN107047191A CN 107047191 A CN107047191 A CN 107047191A CN 201710271154 A CN201710271154 A CN 201710271154A CN 107047191 A CN107047191 A CN 107047191A
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scion
grafting
plant
stock
plantation
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彭玉华
申文辉
郝海坤
黄志玲
曹艳云
谭长强
何琴飞
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G3/00Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
    • A01G2003/005Removing buds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/40Monitoring or fighting invasive species

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard, including stock is cultivated, maternal plant selection, is adopted fringe and processing, grafting time, grafting, grafting management and is set up breeding garden process;Growth selection stalwartness, the cm of height of seedling 25~35, the mm of ground diameter 2~3.5 Alnus formosana Plantation seedling cultivate obtaining qualified stock, the excellent middle branch selected on excellent Alnus formosana Plantation plant is gathered as scion, after the cleaning treatment that carried out disinfection to scion, grafting is carried out annual 5~June, stock and scion is prevented to be bruised or crooked fracture after grafting, and carry out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control work, grow up to complete new plant until obtaining, finally the new plant of acquisition is transplanted in seed field, Alnus Formosana Seed garden is built up.The present invention have it is easy to operate, quick, reduce cost, the features such as plant percent is high, Taiwan alder clonal seed orchard can be quickly set up, with preferable economic, society and ecological benefits.

Description

A kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, it is related to a kind of quick side for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard Method.
Background technology
Alnus formosana Plantation(Alnus formosana)For Betulaceae Alder fallen leaves megaphanerophyte, Taiwan Province endemic species are Taiwan The fast-growing afforestation vanguard tree seed in area, equivalent to the fast-growing eucalyptus in Guangxi, its dry-shaped straight, tree body is tall and big, and timber is soft, texture Directly, good toughness, it is easy to machine-shaping, two grades of wood are listed in Taiwan Province.Alnus formosana Plantation strong adaptability, fast growing, ecological, society Meeting, good in economic efficiency, it is non -leguminous root nodule nitrogen-fixing plants, root nodule number is more, amount greatly, be a kind of fine tree species for having fixed nitrogen concurrently, Produce Litter-fall many, soil fertility can be significantly improved, be excellent water and soil conservation and water conservation seeds, be also that short cycle industry is former Expect the excellent reproducting tree species of woods, short cycle Eucalyptus Plantation for Industry Raw Material, the Song Shan planted extensively can be produced with the current large area in my area Artificial forest crop rotation or mixed hand over improve soil fertility and prevent Soil degradation.Tree seed orchard be using produce the higher seed of hereditary quality as The high quality tree species Breeding base of purpose, the Fast Construction of Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard is to accelerate development Alnus formosana Plantation Reforestation provides high quality seed resource and prepared, and grafting is vegetative propagation technique, and grafting plant has stabilization characteristics of genetics, opened The features such as flower result is early, therefore, grafting are the quick important means for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard, and Alnus formosana Plantation is produced The sustainable development of industry is of great practical significance.
The content of the invention
The present invention for Alnus formosana Plantation fine germplasm resources it is deficient it is not enough there is provided it is a kind of it is quick set up Alnus formosana Plantation without The method of property system breeding garden.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard, including stock is cultivated, maternal plant selection, adopt fringe and processing, Grafting time, grafting, grafting management and set up breeding garden process;Growth selection stalwartness, the cm of height of seedling 25~35, ground diameter 2~3.5 Mm Alnus formosana Plantation seedling cultivate obtaining qualified stock, gathers the excellent middle branch conduct selected on excellent Alnus formosana Plantation plant After scion, the cleaning treatment that carries out disinfection to scion, carry out preventing stock and scion to be bruised after grafting, grafting annual 5~June Or it is crooked fracture, and carry out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control work, grow up to complete new plant until obtaining, finally move the new plant of acquisition Plant in seed field, build up Alnus Formosana Seed garden;Main operational steps are as follows:
(1)Stock is cultivated:Growth selection stalwartness, the cm of height of seedling 25~35, the mm of ground diameter 2~3.5 Alnus formosana Plantation seedling, by normal Rule method cultivates into qualified stock by certain plantation specification;
(2)Maternal plant selects:Select excellent middle to select excellent plant as mother plant for cutting;
(3)Adopt fringe and processing:Alnus formosana Plantation branch is gathered on scion-seed tree and is used as scion;By gather return scion routinely Method is carried out after cleaning and sterilizing with bactericidal liquid, and scion is cut into 4~6 cm length, and every scion retains at least two eyes, and will All blades are removed, and each partial application in both sides in scion bottom is whittled into wedge shape, the cm of edge of a knife length 1~2;By the scion trimmed Wrapped with clean wet towel, scion should not be deposited long, answer timely grafting, the best grafting in trimming prevents dehydration influence from surviving;
(4)Grafting time:Annual 5~June;
(5)Grafting:Grafting is carried out using cut-grafting method;
(6)Managing after grafting:Stock and scion is prevented to be bruised or crooked fracture after grafting;Erase rudiment, colligation is cut in time Mulch film, rich water quality management is during which carried out in time, the preventing and treating of weeds and pest and disease damage is removed, until graft stock and scion grow up to completely New plant;
(7)Set up breeding garden:The new plant that grafting is obtained is planted in breeding garden by specification, lasting before closing of crop to carry out pine Earth removal grass, applies conventional composite fertilizer 2~3 times every year, 0.3~0.5 kg/ plant every time, using conventional method preventing and treating pest and disease damage;Standing forest Before And After Thinning is carried out after closing, rational density is kept, builds up Alnus Formosana Seed garden.
Above step(1)Described plantation specification is that seeding row spacing is the cm of 5~7 cm × 10~15;Described qualified stock For the cm of height of seedling 70~90, the mm of ground diameter 7~9, no disease and pests harm Alnus formosana Plantation seedling.
Above step(2)It is described excellent middle to select excellent plant to be from Alnus formosana Plantation Primary seed orchard Progeny Test of Superior Tree woods Select the superior families with stronger superiority or the plant of fine individual plant.
Above step(3)Described Alnus formosana Plantation branch be extracted out in the middle and upper part of selected mother plant for cutting, this season, Base diameter is 4.0~5.0 mm, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, semi-lignified or just aging branch.
Above step(5)Described cut-grafting method is to be blocked in stock base portion at the cm of ground 30~40, uses grafting knife edge The cm of side incision length 1~2 of stock section, then the scion handled well is inserted to the otch of stock, scion and stock forming layer pair Together, tighten scion from the bottom up with mulch film, to be tensed during colligation, prevent scion from moving.
Above step(7)Described specification is that seeding row spacing is the m of 3~4 m × 4;Described rational density is 450~750 Strain/hm2
The present invention has the advantage that and had the beneficial effect that:
1st, a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard of the invention, is gathered from excellent middle select in excellent plant Scion, keeps its good strains of seeds, improves the reproductive capacity of Alnus formosana Plantation breeding and the deliverability of breeding, to meet Alnus formosana Plantation The need for industry development.
2nd, a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard of the invention, can promote seed collecting mother plant for cutting short Change, improve the security manually collected seed.
3rd, a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard of the invention, can be carried out asexual for Alnus formosana Plantation Cutting propagation provides substantial amounts of excellent cuttings, and the difficulty that Alnus formosana Plantation develops excellent strong sprout critical shortage can be solved in a short time Topic.
4th, a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard of the invention, with easy to operate, quick, drop Low cost, the features such as plant percent is high, Taiwan alder clonal seed orchard can be quickly set up, with preferable economic, society And ecological benefits.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Growth selection stalwartness, the cm of height of seedling 25~30, the mm of ground diameter 2~2.5 Alnus formosana Plantation seedling, the strain pressed according to a conventional method The plantation specification that line-spacing is the cm of 5 cm × 10 is cultivated, the obtained cm of height of seedling 70~75, the mm of ground diameter 7~8, the platform of no disease and pests harm Alder seedling is used as nursery stock in gulf.Selected out from Alnus formosana Plantation Primary seed orchard Progeny Test of Superior Tree Lin Zhongxuan with stronger superiority The plant of superior families or fine individual plant is used as mother plant for cutting.
Middle and upper part is gathered on scion-seed tree, this season is extracted out, base diameter be 4.0~5.0 mm, it is robust growth, disease-free Insect pest, the branch of semi-lignified are used as scion;The scion that collection is returned is carried out after cleaning and sterilizing with bactericidal liquid according to a conventional method, Scion is cut into 4~5 cm length, every scion retains at least two eyes, and all blades are removed, in scion bottom Each partial application in both sides is whittled into wedge shape, the cm of edge of a knife length 1~2;The scion trimmed is wrapped with clean wet towel, scion is unsuitable Deposit long, answer timely grafting, the best grafting in trimming prevents dehydration influence from surviving.In May, 2014, in stock base portion distance Blocked at the cm of ground 30, the cm of side incision length 1~2 with grafting knife along stock section, then anvil is inserted into the scion handled well The otch of wood, scion and the alignment of stock forming layer, scion is tightened with mulch film, to be tensed during colligation, prevent scion from moving from the bottom up It is dynamic.Stock and scion is prevented to be bruised or crooked fracture after grafting according to a conventional method;Erase rudiment, the ground of colligation is cut in time Film, during which carries out rich water quality management, removes the preventing and treating of weeds and pest and disease damage in time according to a conventional method, until graft stock and scion are long Into complete new plant.The new plant that grafting is obtained is that the m specifications of 3 m × 4 are planted in breeding garden by seeding row spacing, strongly fragrant in standing forest Persistently weeded with a hoe before closing, conventional composite fertilizer is applied every year 2~3 times, 0.3~0.35 kg/ plants every time, using conventional method Prevent and treat pest and disease damage;Before And After Thinning is carried out after closing of crop, 450/hm is kept2Density, builds up Alnus Formosana Seed garden.
Embodiment 2:
Growth selection stalwartness, the cm of height of seedling 30~35, the mm of ground diameter 3.0~3.5 Alnus formosana Plantation seedling, are pressed according to a conventional method The plantation specification that seeding row spacing is the cm of 6 cm × 12 is cultivated, the obtained cm of height of seedling 80~85, the mm of ground diameter 7~8, no disease and pests harm Alnus formosana Plantation seedling is used as nursery stock.Selected out from Alnus formosana Plantation Primary seed orchard Progeny Test of Superior Tree Lin Zhongxuan with stronger superiority Superior families or the plant of fine individual plant be used as mother plant for cutting.
Middle and upper part is gathered on scion-seed tree, this season is extracted out, base diameter be 4.0~5.0 mm, it is robust growth, disease-free Insect pest, just aging branch are used as scion;The scion that collection is returned is carried out after cleaning and sterilizing with bactericidal liquid according to a conventional method, Scion is cut into 5~6 cm length, every scion retains at least two eyes, and all blades are removed, in scion bottom Each partial application in both sides is whittled into wedge shape, the cm of edge of a knife length 1~2;The scion trimmed is wrapped with clean wet towel, scion is unsuitable Deposit long, answer timely grafting, the best grafting in trimming prevents dehydration influence from surviving.In June, 2016, in stock base portion distance Blocked at the cm of ground 35, the cm of side incision length 1~2 with grafting knife along stock section, then anvil is inserted into the scion handled well The otch of wood, scion and the alignment of stock forming layer, scion is tightened with mulch film, to be tensed during colligation, prevent scion from moving from the bottom up It is dynamic.Stock and scion is prevented to be bruised or crooked fracture after grafting according to a conventional method;Erase rudiment, the ground of colligation is cut in time Film, during which carries out rich water quality management, removes the preventing and treating of weeds and pest and disease damage in time according to a conventional method, until graft stock and scion are long Into complete new plant.The new plant that grafting is obtained is that the m specifications of 3.5 m × 4 are planted in breeding garden by seeding row spacing, in standing forest Persistently weeded with a hoe before closing, conventional composite fertilizer is applied every year 2~3 times, 0.4~0.5 kg/ plants every time, using conventional method Prevent and treat pest and disease damage;Before And After Thinning is carried out after closing of crop, 600 plants/hm is kept2Density, builds up Alnus Formosana Seed garden.
Embodiment 3:
Growth selection stalwartness, the cm of height of seedling 30~35, the mm of ground diameter 3.0~3.5 Alnus formosana Plantation seedling, are pressed according to a conventional method The plantation specification that seeding row spacing is the cm of 7 cm × 15 is cultivated, the obtained cm of height of seedling 85~90, the mm of ground diameter 8~9, no disease and pests harm Alnus formosana Plantation seedling is used as nursery stock.Selected out from Alnus formosana Plantation Primary seed orchard Progeny Test of Superior Tree Lin Zhongxuan with stronger superiority Superior families or the plant of fine individual plant be used as mother plant for cutting.
Middle and upper part is gathered on scion-seed tree, this season is extracted out, base diameter be 4.0~5.0 mm, it is robust growth, disease-free Insect pest, the branch of semi-lignified are used as scion;The scion that collection is returned is carried out after cleaning and sterilizing with bactericidal liquid according to a conventional method, Scion is cut into 5~6 cm length, every scion retains at least two eyes, and all blades are removed, in scion bottom Each partial application in both sides is whittled into wedge shape, the cm of edge of a knife length 1~2;The scion trimmed is wrapped with clean wet towel, scion is unsuitable Deposit long, answer timely grafting, the best grafting in trimming prevents dehydration influence from surviving.In June, 2015, on stock base portion distance ground Blocked at the cm of face 40, the cm of side incision length 1~2 with grafting knife along stock section, then stock is inserted into the scion handled well Otch, scion and stock forming layer alignment, tighten scion from the bottom up with mulch film, to be tensed during colligation, prevent scion from moving. Stock and scion is prevented to be bruised or crooked fracture after grafting according to a conventional method;Erase rudiment, the mulch film of colligation, phase are cut in time Between carry out rich water quality management in time according to a conventional method, the preventing and treating of weeds and pest and disease damage removed, until graft stock and scion have grown up to Whole new plant.The new plant that grafting is obtained is that the m specifications of 4 m × 4 are planted in breeding garden by seeding row spacing, before closing of crop Persistently weeded with a hoe, conventional composite fertilizer is applied every year 2~3 times, 0.4~0.5 kg/ plants every time, cured the disease using conventional method is anti- Insect pest;Before And After Thinning is carried out after closing of crop, 750 plants/hm is kept2Density, builds up Alnus Formosana Seed garden.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard, it is characterised in that:Cultivated including stock, maternal plant selects Select, adopt fringe and processing, grafting time, grafting, grafting management and set up breeding garden process;Growth selection is healthy and strong, height of seedling 25~35 Cm, the mm of ground diameter 2~3.5 Alnus formosana Plantation seedling cultivate and obtain qualified stock, are gathered and excellent middle are selected excellent Alnus formosana Plantation to plant Branch in strain is as scion, after the cleaning treatment that carried out disinfection to scion, and anvil is prevented after carrying out grafting, grafting annual 5~June Wood and scion be bruised or it is crooked fracture, and carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control work, until obtain grow up to complete new plant, finally will The new plant of acquisition is transplanted in seed field, builds up Alnus Formosana Seed garden;Main operational steps are as follows:
(1)Stock is cultivated:Growth selection stalwartness, the cm of height of seedling 25~35, the mm of ground diameter 2~3.5 Alnus formosana Plantation seedling, by normal Rule method cultivates into qualified stock by certain plantation specification;
(2)Maternal plant selects:Select excellent middle to select excellent plant as mother plant for cutting;
(3)Adopt fringe and processing:Alnus formosana Plantation branch is gathered on scion-seed tree and is used as scion;By gather return scion routinely Method is carried out after cleaning and sterilizing with bactericidal liquid, and scion is cut into 4~6 cm length, and every scion retains at least two eyes, and will All blades are removed, and each partial application in both sides in scion bottom is whittled into wedge shape, the cm of edge of a knife length 1~2;By the scion trimmed Wrapped with clean wet towel, scion should not be deposited long, answer timely grafting, the best grafting in trimming prevents dehydration influence from surviving;
(4)Grafting time:Annual 5~June;
(5)Grafting:Grafting is carried out using cut-grafting method;
(6)Managing after grafting:Stock and scion is prevented to be bruised or crooked fracture after grafting according to a conventional method;Erase rudiment, and When cut the mulch film of colligation, rich water quality management is during which carried out in time, the preventing and treating of weeds and pest and disease damage is removed, until graft stock and connecing Spike length is into complete new plant;
(7)Set up breeding garden:The new plant that grafting is obtained is planted in breeding garden by specification, lasting before closing of crop to carry out pine Earth removal grass, applies conventional composite fertilizer 2~3 times every year, 0.3~0.5 kg/ plant every time, using conventional method preventing and treating pest and disease damage;Standing forest Before And After Thinning is carried out after closing, rational density is kept, builds up Alnus Formosana Seed garden.
2. a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Suddenly(1)Described plantation specification is that seeding row spacing is the cm of 5~7 cm × 10~15;Described qualified stock is height of seedling 70~90 Cm, the mm of ground diameter 7~9, the Alnus formosana Plantation seedling of no disease and pests harm.
3. a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Suddenly(2)It is described excellent middle to select excellent plant to be to be selected out from Alnus formosana Plantation Primary seed orchard Progeny Test of Superior Tree Lin Zhongxuan with stronger The superior families of superiority or the plant of fine individual plant.
4. a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Suddenly(3)Described Alnus formosana Plantation branch is 4.0 for extracted out in the middle and upper part of selected mother plant for cutting, this season, base diameter ~5.0 mm, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, semi-lignified or just aging branch.
5. a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Suddenly(5)Described cut-grafting method is to be blocked in stock base portion at the cm of ground 30~40, the side with grafting knife along stock section The cm of incision length 1~2, then by the otch of the scion handled well insertion stock, scion and the alignment of stock forming layer, with mulch film under Scion is up tightened, to be tensed during colligation, prevent scion from moving.
6. a kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Suddenly(7)Described specification is that seeding row spacing is the m of 3~4 m × 4;Described rational density is 450~750 plants/hm2
CN201710271154.8A 2017-04-24 2017-04-24 A kind of quick method for setting up Alnus formosana Plantation clonal seed orchard Pending CN107047191A (en)

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CN104126419A (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-11-05 山东农业大学 Method for building old gingko tree excellent clonal seed orchard
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