CN107034246A - ω‑官能化羧酸及其酯的生物技术生产 - Google Patents
ω‑官能化羧酸及其酯的生物技术生产 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及ω‑官能化羧酸及其酯的生物技术生产。提供了用于从至少一种烷烃生产至少一种ω‑官能化羧酸酯的微生物细胞,其中所述细胞经遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加以下的表达:(i)能够将所述烷烃转化为相应的1‑烷醇的酶E1;(ii)能够将(i)的1‑烷醇转化为相应的1‑烷醛的酶E2;(iii)能够将(ii)的1‑烷醛转化为相应的烷酸的酶E3;(iv)能够将(iii)的烷酸转化为相应的烷酸酯的酶E4;和(iv)能够将(iv)的烷酸酯转化为相应的ω‑羟基‑烷酸酯的酶E5,且其中所述细胞不包含相对于野生型细胞增加选自以下的以下酶E20‑E24中的至少一种的表达的遗传修饰:‑E20酰基‑ACP硫酯酶,‑E21酰基‑CoA硫酯酶,‑E22酰基‑CoA:ACP转酰酶,‑E23聚酮化合物合酶,和‑E24己酸合酶。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生产ω-官能化羧酸酯的生物技术方法。具体而言,所述方法可以使用作为起始材料的烷烃和遗传修饰的细胞来将烷烃转化为相应的ω-官能化羧酸酯。
背景技术
ω-官能化羧酸和相应的酯,包括ω-氨基羧酸及其相应的内酰胺,诸如ω-氨基月桂酸、ω-氨基十一烷酸、月桂内酰胺(laurolactame)等,是用于生产高性能聚酰胺的重要单体。已经用于从石油化学或可再生原料生产这些单体的一些现有化学技术包括:
i) 从月桂酸甲酯(由棕榈仁或椰子油制备的生物柴油馏分)生产ω-氨基月桂酸
ii) 从蓖麻油酸(制备自蓖麻油)生产ω-氨基十一烷酸
iii) 从丁二烯生产月桂内酰胺
尽管所有这三种生产方法都保持竞争性,但它们在给定地点和时间点的竞争性取决于许多因素,包括原材料成本和运行方法的能源成本。
存在本领域已知的几种生产ω-官能化羧酸和/或其酯的生物技术手段。例如,能够从用作底物的羧酸生产ω-官能化羧酸的遗传修饰的细胞先前已经至少描述于WO2009077461和EP2322598中。WO2011008232中描述了使用假丝酵母细胞的非常类似的程序,其中β-氧化途径在细胞中被阻断,并且由用作底物的脂肪酸形成ω-官能化的羧酸。这些方法具有使用脂肪酸作为起始材料的缺点。这是因为,使用的脂肪酸及其衍生物主要仅仅从植物和动物油或脂肪获得。作为原料的动物脂肪仍然很少被客户接受,并且含有短和中等长度脂肪酸的植物油难以获得或仅在热带地区生产(破坏雨林的结果)。此外,特定的植物和动物油或脂肪原料具有特定、但限定的脂肪酸概况,导致并联生产(coupledproduction)。
WO2013024114公开了从简单的碳源诸如(葡萄糖、蔗糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、乳糖、果糖、麦芽糖、糖蜜、淀粉、纤维素和半纤维素,还有甘油或非常简单的有机分子诸如CO2、CO或合成气)生产ω-官能化的羧酸和/或其酯的方法。这些简单的糖,特别是葡萄糖,通常获得更昂贵。从简单的碳源生产ω-官能化羧酸和/或其酯的方法也可以被认为是复杂的,因为该方法中使用的细胞必须进行遗传修饰以首先增加从这些简单碳源生产羧酸。这因此增加了生产成本。
因此,本领域需要从另一原料来源生产ω-官能化羧酸酯的方法,其使得能够高效和有效地生产。
发明内容
本发明试图通过提供至少一种能够从至少一种烷烃生产至少一种ω-官能化羧酸酯的遗传修饰的微生物细胞来解决上述问题。所述ω-官能化羧酸酯可以选自ω-羟基、ω-氧代、ω-羧基和ω-氨基羧酸酯。在生产ω-官能化羧酸酯的方法中使用这些遗传修饰的细胞可以通过使得能够使用易于获得的替代石油化学原料用于其生产来为这些化合物的生产增加灵活性。此外,使用能够在其内整合将烷烃转化为脂肪酸酯及其相应的ω-官能化衍生物的完整手段的全细胞生物催化剂,使得转化过程更简单,因为仅仅少量的工艺步骤参与转化。还消除了脂肪酸和简单碳源作为碳底物的依赖性。
根据本发明的第一个方面,提供了用于从至少一种烷烃生产至少一种ω-官能化羧酸酯的微生物细胞,其中所述细胞包含相对于野生型细胞增加以下的表达的遗传修饰:
(i) 能够将烷烃转化为相应的1-烷醇的酶E1;
(ii) 能够将(i)的1-烷醇转化为相应的1-烷醛的酶E2;
(iii) 能够将(ii)的1-烷醛转化为相应的烷酸的酶E3;
(iv) 能够将(iii)的烷酸转化为相应的烷酸酯的酶E4;和
(v) 能够将(iv)的烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯的酶E5。
根据本发明的任一方面的微生物细胞是指没有先前/以前修饰以增加由至少一种简单碳源形成羧酸或羧酸酯的细胞。术语“简单碳源”被理解为意指其中在碳骨架中至少一个C-C键已断裂的碳源。具体而言,所述简单碳源可以是至少一种碳水化合物,诸如例如葡萄糖、蔗糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、乳糖、果糖、麦芽糖、糖蜜、淀粉、纤维素和半纤维素,但碳源还可以包括甘油或非常简单的有机分子诸如CO2、CO或合成气。更具体而言,根据本发明的任一方面的微生物细胞可以未被遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加以下酶中的至少一种的表达:
- EC 3.1.2.14或EC 3.1.2.22的E20酰基-ACP硫酯酶,
- EC 3.1.2.2、EC 3.1.2.18、EC 3.1.2.19、EC 3.1.2.20或EC 3.1.2.22的E21酰基-CoA硫酯酶,
- E22酰基-CoA:ACP转酰酶,
- E23聚酮化合物合酶,其催化参与羧酸和羧酸酯合成的反应,和
- E24己酸合酶。
在一个实例中,根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以包含进一步遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加以下的表达:
(vi) 能够将(v)的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6;和
(vii) 能够将(vi)的ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氨基烷酸酯的酶E7。
在另一个实例中,根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以包含进一步遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加以下的表达:
(vi) 能够将(v)的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6;
(vii) 能够将(vi)的ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯的酶E13,和
(viii) 能够将(vi)的ω-羧基烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸二酯的酶E14。
根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以用于在培养上清液中以高时空产率、高碳产率和高浓度从所有烷烃生产ω-官能化羧酸酯。作为这些优点的结果,有利于有效的处理(efficient workup)。
如本文中与细胞或微生物结合使用的短语“野生型”可以表示具有呈如在自然环境中天然可见的形式的基因组组成的细胞。该术语可适用于全细胞和个别基因。因此,术语“野生型”还可以包括已在其他方面(即,关于一个或多个基因)、但不是目标基因相关进行遗传修饰的细胞。因此,术语“野生型”不包括此类细胞,其中已经使用重组方法人工至少部分改变特定目标基因的基因序列。因此,根据本发明的任一方面的野生型细胞是指相对于全基因组和/或特定基因没有遗传突变的细胞。因此,在一个实例中,关于酶E1的野生型细胞可以是指细胞中具有酶E1的天然/未改变表达的细胞。关于酶E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15等的野生型细胞可以相同方式解释,并且可以是指细胞中分别具有酶E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15等的天然/未改变表达的细胞。
根据本发明的任一方面使用的任何酶可以是分离的酶。具体而言,根据本发明的任一方面使用的酶可以以活性状态和在其活性所必需的所有辅因子、底物、辅助和/或活化多肽或因子存在下使用。如本文所使用,术语“分离的”意指与其天然存在于其中的细胞相比,目标酶是富集的。所述酶可以通过SDS聚丙烯酰胺电泳和/或活性测定来富集。例如,目标酶可以构成制备物中存在的所有多肽的多于5%、10%、20%、50%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%或99%,如通过在用考马斯蓝染料染色后目视检查聚丙烯酰胺凝胶所判断。
根据本发明的任一方面使用的酶可以是重组的。如本文所使用,术语“重组体”是指分子或由此类分子编码,特别是多肽或核酸,其本身不是天然存在的,而是遗传工程改造的结果;或者是指包含重组分子的细胞。例如,如果核酸分子包含与编码催化活性多肽的序列功能性连接的启动子且该启动子已经工程改造、使得相对于包含原始的未改变的核酸分子的相应野生型细胞中的多肽的水平过表达该催化活性多肽,则所述核酸分子是重组的。
技术人员将能够使用本领域已知的任何方法来遗传修饰细胞或微生物。根据本发明的任一方面,遗传修饰的细胞可以进行遗传修饰,使得在限定时间间隔内,在2小时内,特别是在8小时或24小时内,其形成野生型细胞的至少一倍或两倍、特别是至少10倍、至少100倍、至少1000倍或至少10000倍的ω-官能化羧酸酯。产物形成的增加可以例如通过以下来测定:在相同条件(相同细胞密度、相同营养培养基、相同培养条件)下在合适的营养培养基中将根据本发明的任一方面的细胞和野生型细胞各自分别培养指定时间间隔,然后测定营养培养基中目标产物(ω-官能化羧酸酯)的量。
遗传修饰的细胞或微生物可以在遗传上不同于野生型细胞或微生物。根据本发明的任一方面的遗传修饰的微生物和野生型微生物之间的遗传差异可以是遗传修饰的微生物中存在完整基因、氨基酸、核苷酸等,其可能在野生型微生物中不存在。在一个实例中,根据本发明的任一方面的遗传修饰的微生物可以包含使得微生物能够生产比野生型细胞更多的1-烷醇、1-烷醛、烷酸、烷酸酯、ω-羟基烷酸酯等的酶。野生型微生物相对于本发明的遗传修饰的微生物可以没有酶或没有酶的可检测活性,所述酶使得遗传修饰的微生物能够生产1-烷醇、1-烷醛、烷酸、烷酸酯、ω-羟基烷酸酯等。如本文所使用,术语“遗传修饰的微生物”可以与术语“遗传修饰的细胞”可互换使用。根据本发明的任一方面的遗传修饰在微生物的细胞上实施。
根据本发明的任一方面的细胞根据本领域已知的任何方法进行遗传转化。具体而言,所述细胞可以根据WO2013024114中公开的方法制备。
如本文所使用,短语“与其野生型相比遗传修饰的细胞的酶活性增加”是指相应酶活性增加至少2倍、特别是至少10倍、更特别是至少100倍、还更特别是至少1000倍、甚至更特别是至少10000倍。
如本文所使用,短语“酶活性增加”应理解为细胞内活性增加。基本上,酶促活性的增加可以通过以下实现:增加一个或多个编码所述酶的基因序列的拷贝数,使用强启动子或采用编码具有增加活性的相应酶的基因或等位基因,改变基因的密码子利用,以各种方式增加mRNA或酶的半衰期,修饰基因表达的调节和任选通过组合这些措施。根据本发明的任一方面使用的遗传修饰的细胞例如通过用含有期望基因、该基因的等位基因或其部分的载体和使得基因表达可能的载体转化、转导、缀合或这些方法的组合产生。异源表达具体而言通过在细胞染色体或染色体外复制载体中整合基因或等位基因来实现。
在相同的上下文中,关于本发明的任一方面使用的短语“酶Ex活性降低”可以理解为意指活性降低至少0.5倍、特别是至少0.1倍、更特别是至少0.01倍、甚至更特别地至少0.001倍且最特别地至少0.0001倍。短语“活性降低”也涵盖没有可检测的活性(“活性为零”)。特定酶的活性的降低可以例如通过选择性突变或通过本领域技术人员已知用于降低特定酶的活性的其他措施来实现。具体而言,本领域技术人员找到通过破坏特定基因来修饰和减少蛋白表达和伴随降低酶活性的教导,例如至少于Dubeau等人 2009. Singh 和 Röhm. 2008., Lee等人, 2009等。根据本发明任一方面的细胞中酶促活性的降低可以通过修饰包含所述核酸序列之一的基因来实现,其中所述修饰选自包含以下、由以下组成的组:在基因中插入外来DNA,缺失至少部分基因,基因序列中的点突变,RNA干扰(siRNA),反义RNA或修饰(插入、缺失或点突变)调节序列(诸如例如启动子和终止子)或核糖体结合位点,其侧接基因。
外来DNA在这方面应理解为意指对于基因(而不是生物体)“外来”的任何DNA序列,即内源DNA序列在这方面也可以充当“外来DNA”。在这方面,特别优选的是,通过插入选择标记基因来破坏基因,因此外来DNA是选择标记基因,其中优选地通过基因座中的同源重组实现插入。
借助1向和2向蛋白凝胶分离、随后用适当的评估软件光学鉴定凝胶中的蛋白浓度,可测定上述酶和基因和下述所有酶和基因的表达。
如果酶活性的增加仅仅基于相应基因表达的增加,则可以通过比较野生型和遗传修饰细胞之间的1向或2向蛋白分离来简单地确定酶活性增加的定量。用细菌制备蛋白凝胶和鉴定蛋白的常用方法是Hermann等人(Electrophoresis, 22:1712-23 (2001))描述的方法。蛋白浓度也可以通过以下分析:用对于待测定的蛋白特异性的抗体的Western印迹杂交(Sambrook等人, Molecular Cloning: a laboratory manual, 第2版.Cold SpringHarbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.USA, 1989),随后用适当软件进行光学评估用于测定浓度(Lohaus和Meyer (1989) Biospektrum, 5:32-39; Lottspeich(1999), Angewandte Chemie 111:2630-2647)。当由待测定的酶活性催化的反应的可能产物可以在微生物中快速代谢或者野生型中的活性本身对于其太低而不可能足以基于产生形成而测定待测定的酶活性时,该方法也总是一种选项。
具体而言,
- 酶E1可以选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)和EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb);
- 酶E2可以选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、EC1.1.3.20的醇氧化酶(Ec)和醇脱氢酶(Ed);
- 酶E3选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、醛脱氢酶(Ee)、EC 1.1.3.20的双官能醇氧化酶(Ec)、双官能AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)和EC1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的双官能醇脱氢酶(Edii),其中Ec、Edi和Edii能够经由1-烷醛将1-烷醇直接氧化为相应的烷酸;
- 酶E4可以选自蜡酯合酶(Ef)和醇O-酰基转移酶(Eg);
- 酶E5可以选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)和EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb);
- 酶E6可以选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、醇氧化酶(Ec)和醇脱氢酶(Ed);
- 酶E7可以是ω-转氨酶(Eh)。
在一个实例中,酶E1、E2、E3和E5可以各自是可以能够实施其活性的不同酶。例如,E1可以是AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb),E2可以是醇氧化酶(Ec),E3可以是双官能AlkJ醇脱氢酶,且E5可以是AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)。在另一个实例中,E1可以是P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea),E2可以是醇脱氢酶(Ec),E3可以是醛脱氢酶(Ee),且E5可以是P450烷烃羟化酶。具体而言,酶E1、E2、E3和E5的任何组合可以用于实施它们的特定功能。在一个进一步实例中,E1、E2、E3和E5可以是相同的酶。在该实例中,E1、E2、E3和E5可以选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)和AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)。在一个实例中,E1、E2、E3和E5可以是P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)。在该实例中,根据本发明任一方面的细胞包含相对于野生型细胞增加的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)(其满足酶E1、E2、E3和E5的功能)的表达。在另一个实例中,E1、E2、E3和E5可以是AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)。在该实例中,根据本发明任一方面的细胞包含相对于野生型细胞增加的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)(其满足酶E1、E2、E3和E5的功能)的表达。
酶Ea至Eh可以包含这样的多肽序列,其中与以下参考序列(登录号)相比最多达60%、优选最多达25%、特别是最多达15%、特别是最多达10、9、8、7、6、5、4、3、2或1%的氨基酸残基通过缺失、插入、取代或其组合而被修饰,并且其仍具有拥有相应的以下参考序列的蛋白的活性的至少50%、优选65%、特别是优选80%、特别是大于90%,其中参考蛋白的100%活性被理解为意指用作生物催化剂的细胞的活性(即基于使用的细胞量的每单位时间转化的物质的量(单位/克细胞干重[U/g CDW]))与在参考蛋白不存在下的生物催化剂的活性相比的增加。
给定多肽序列的氨基酸残基的修饰(其导致给定多肽的特性和功能没有显著改变)是本领域技术人员已知的。因此,例如许多氨基酸经常可以互相交换而没有问题;此类合适的氨基酸取代的实例是:Ala取代为Ser;Arg取代为Lys;Asn取代为Gln或His;Asp取代为Glu;Cys取代为Ser;Gln取代为Asn;Glu取代为Asp;Gly取代为Pro;His取代为Asn或Gln;Ile取代为Leu或Val;Leu取代为Met或Val;Lys取代为Arg或Gln或Glu;Met取代为Leu或Ile;Phe取代为Met或Leu或Tyr;Ser取代为Thr;Thr取代为Ser;Trp取代为Tyr;Tyr取代为Trp或Phe;Val取代为Ile或Leu。还已知的是,修饰,特别是以例如氨基酸插入或缺失形式的多肽的N-或C-末端处的修饰,经常对多肽的功能没有显著影响。
整个本说明书中提及的与本发明结合阐明的登录号对应于具有日期2011年7月26日的NCBI ProteinBank数据库条目;通常,条目的版本号在这里通过“数字”诸如例如“.1”来标识。
除非另有说明,否则所有所述百分比(%)为质量百分比。
根据本发明的任一方面,所述微生物细胞可以选自以下的细菌物种:乏养菌属(Abiotrophia)、Acaryochloris、Accumulibacter、醋弧菌属(Acetivibrio)、醋酸杆菌属(Acetobacter)、醋盐杆菌属(Acetohalobium)、醋丝菌属(Acetonema)、无色杆菌属(Achromobacter)、氨基酸球菌属(Acidaminococcus)、酸微菌属(Acidimicrobium)、嗜酸菌属(Acidiphilium)、酸硫杆状菌属(Acidithiobacillus)、酸杆菌属(Acidobacterium)、热酸菌属(Acidothermus)、食酸菌属(Acidovorax)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、放线杆菌属(Actinobacillus)、放线菌属(Actinomyces)、束丝放线菌属(Actinosynnema)、气球菌属(Aerococcus)、气微菌属(Aeromicrobium)、气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、阿菲波菌属(Afipia)、凝聚杆菌属(Aggregatibacter)、土壤杆菌属(Agrobacterium)、Ahrensia、Akkermansia、食碱菌属(Alcanivorax)、脂环酸芽胞杆菌属(Alicycliphilus)、脂环酸杆菌属(Alicyclobacillus)、Aliivibrio、碱湖生菌属(Alkalilimnicola)、Alkaliphilus、异着色菌属(Allochromatium)、交替单胞菌目(Alteromonadales)、交替单胞菌属(Alteromonas)、Aminobacterium、氨基酸单胞菌属(Aminomonas)、制氨菌属(Ammonifex)、拟无枝酸菌属(Amycolatopsis)、Amycolicicoccus、鱼腥藻属(Anabaena)、厌氧小杆菌属(Anaerobaculum)、厌氧球菌属(Anaerococcus)、Anaerofustis、厌氧绳菌属(Anaerolinea)、厌氧粘细菌属(Anaeromyxobacter)、Anaerostipes、Anaerotruncus、无形体属(Anaplasma)、厌氧芽孢杆菌属(Anoxybacillus)、产液菌属(Aquifex)、隐稳杆菌属(Arcanobacterium)、弓形杆菌属(Arcobacter)、Aromatoleum、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、Arthrospira、不粘柄菌属(Asticcacaulis)、陌生物菌属(Atopobium)、橙单胞菌属(Aurantimonas)、固氮弓菌属(Azoarcus)、固氮根瘤菌属(Azorhizobium)、固氮螺菌属(Azospirillum)、固氮菌属(Azotobacter)、杆菌属(Bacillus)、巴通体属(Bartonella)、Basfia、Baumannia、蛭弧菌属(Bdellovibrio)、贝扎托菌属(Beggiatoa)、拜叶林克氏菌属(Beijerinckia)、Bermanella、获山氏菌属(Beutenbergia)、双岐杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、嗜胆菌属(Bilophila)、Blastopirellula、Blautia、Blochmannia、博德氏菌属(Bordetella)、疏螺旋体属(Borrelia)、短状杆菌属(Brachybacterium)、短螺旋体属(Brachyspira)、短根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、短小芽孢杆菌属(Brevibacillus)、短杆菌属(Brevibacterium)、短波单胞菌属(Brevundimonas)、布鲁菌属(Brucella)、布赫纳氏菌属(Buchnera)、Bulleidia、伯克氏菌属(Burkholderia)、丁酸弧菌属(Butyrivibrio)、Caldalkalibacillus、Caldanaerobacter、热解纤维素菌属(Caldicellulosiruptor)、Calditerrivibrio、Caminibacter、弯曲菌属(Campylobacter)、Carboxydibrachium、一氧化碳嗜热菌属(Carboxydothermus)、心杆菌属(Cardiobacterium)、肉杆菌属(Carnobacterium)、Carsonella、Catenibacterium、Catenulispora、卡托氏菌属(Catonella)、柄杆菌属(Caulobacter)、纤维单胞菌属(Cellulomonas)、纤维弧菌属(Cellvibrio)、蜈蚣菌属(Centipeda)、根瘤菌属(Chelativorans)、绿屈挠菌属(Chloroflexus)、色杆菌属(Chromobacterium)、色盐杆菌属(Chromohalobacter)、Chthoniobacter、Citreicella、柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacter)、柠檬酸微菌属(Citromicrobium)、棍状杆菌属(Clavibacter)、Cloacamonas、梭状芽孢杆菌属(Clostridium)、柯林斯氏菌属(Collinsella)、科尔韦氏菌属(Colwellia)、丛毛单胞菌属(Comamonas)、Conexibacter、聚集杆菌属(Congregibacter)、Coprobacillus、粪球菌属(Coprococcus)、粪热杆菌属(Coprothermobacter)、Coraliomargarita、科里氏杆菌属(Coriobacterium)、corrodens、棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)、柯克斯体属(Coxiella)、鳄球藻属(Crocosphaera)、阪崎肠杆菌属(Cronobacter)、短小杆菌属(Cryptobacterium)、贪铜菌属(Cupriavidus)、蓝菌属(Cyanobium)、蓝丝菌属(Cyanothece)、拟筒孢蓝细菌属(Cylindrospermopsis)、Dechloromonas、铁还原杆菌属(Deferribacter)、Dehalococcoides、Dehalogenimonas、异常球菌属(Deinococcus)、代尔夫特菌属(Delftia)、氮还原弧菌属(Denitrovibrio)、皮生球菌属(Dermacoccus)、Desmospora、脱硫盒菌属(Desulfarculus)、Desulphateibacillum、脱亚硫酸菌属(Desulfitobacterium)、脱硫橄榄状菌属(Desulfobacca)、脱硫杆菌属(Desulfobacterium)、脱硫叶菌属(Desulfobulbus)、脱硫球菌属(Desulfococcus)、脱硫盐菌属(Desulfohalobium)、脱硫微菌属(Desulfomicrobium)、Desulfonatronospira、Desulforudis、脱硫小杆菌属(Desulfotalea)、脱硫肠状菌属(Desulfotomaculum)、脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、(Desulfurispirillum)、脱硫杆菌属(Desulfurobacterium)、除硫单胞菌属(Desulfuromonas)、Dethiobacter、脱硫代硫酸盐弧菌属(Dethiosulfovibrio)、戴阿利斯特杆菌属(Dialister)、偶蹄形菌属(Dichelobacter)、Dickeya、网球菌属(Dictyoglomus)、迪茨氏菌属(Dietzia)、Dinoroseobacter、Dorea、爱德华氏菌属(Edwardsiella)、埃里希氏体属(Ehrlichia)、艾肯氏菌属(Eikenella)、Elusimicrobium、Endoriftia、水栖菌属(Enhydrobacter)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、Epulopiscium、欧文氏杆菌属(Erwinia)、丹毒丝菌属(Erysipelothrix)、赤细菌属(Erythrobacter)、埃希氏杆菌属(Escherichia)、产氢新菌属(Ethanoligenens)、真杆菌属(Eubacterium)、真杆菌属(Eubacterium)、微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)、Faecalibacterium、铁还原单胞菌属(Ferrimonas)、闪烁杆菌属(Fervidobacterium)、丝状杆菌属(Fibrobacter)、Finegoldia、弯枝菌属(Flexistipes)、弗朗西斯氏菌属(Francisella)、弗兰克氏菌属(Frankia)、Fructobacillus、Fulvimarina、梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)、Gallibacterium、报毛菌属(Gallionella)、加德纳氏菌属(Gardnerella)、孪生球菌属(Gemella)、出芽菌属(Gemmata)、芽单胞菌属(Gemmatimonas)、土壤芽孢杆菌属(Geobacillus)、土杆菌属(Geobacter)、地嗜皮菌属(Geodermatophilus)、冰居菌属(Glaciecola)、粘杆菌属(Gloeobacter)、舌蝇属(Glossina)、葡糖酸醋酸杆菌属(Gluconacetobacter)、戈登氏菌属(Gordonia)、Granulibacter、颗粒链菌属(Granulicatella)、格里蒙菌属(Grimontia)、嗜血菌属(Haemophilus)、河氏菌属(Hahella)、Halanaerobiumns、Haliangium、盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、盐红螺旋菌属(Halorhodospira)、盐热发菌属(Halothermothrix)、盐硫杆状菌属(Halothiobacillus)、Hamiltonella、螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)、阳光杆菌属(Heliobacterium)、草螺菌属(Herbaspirillum)、Herminiimonas、滑柱菌属(Herpetosiphon)、希普氏菌属(Hippea)、海氏菌属(Hirschia)、嗜组织菌属(Histophilus)、Hodgkinia、Hoeflea、霍尔德曼氏菌属(Holdemania)、Hydrogenivirga、Hydrogenobaculum、Hylemonella、生丝微菌属(Hyphomicrobium)、生丝单胞菌属(Hyphomonas)、Idiomarina、泥杆菌属(Ilyobacter)、间孢囊菌属(Intrasporangium)、白蚁菌属(Isoptericola)、等球菌属(Isosphaera)、两面神菌属(Janibacter)、紫色杆菌属(Janthinobacterium)、琼斯氏菌属(Jonesia)、Jonquetella、Kangiella、Ketogulonicigenium、动球菌属(Kineococcus)、金氏菌属(Kingella)、克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)、考克氏菌属(Kocuria)、Koribacter、Kosmotoga、扑科研菌属(Kribbella)、纤线杆菌属(Ktedonobacter)、皮球菌属(Kytococcus)、Labrenzia、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、乳球菌属(Lactococcus)、鸥杆菌属(Laribacter)、劳特罗普氏菌属(Lautropia)、劳森氏菌属(Lawsonia)、军团菌属(Legionella)、雷弗松氏菌属(Leifsonia)、Lentisphaera、纤发鞘丝蓝细菌属(Leptolyngbya)、钩端螺旋体属(Leptospira)、纤发菌属(Leptothrix)、纤毛菌属(Leptotrichia)、明串珠菌属(Leuconostoc)、韧皮杆菌属(Liberibacter)、Limnobacter、李斯特氏菌属(Listeria)、Loktanella、Lutiella、鞘丝蓝细菌属(Lyngbya)、Lysinibacillus、巨大球菌属(Macrococcus)、磁球菌属(Magnetococcus)、磁螺菌属(Magnetospirillum)、Mahella、默罕氏菌属(Mannheimia)、海洋杆状菌属(Maricaulis)、海栖热菌属(Marinithermus)、海杆菌属(Marinobacter)、海单胞菌属(Marinomonas)、深海菌属(Mariprofundus)、Maritimibacter、Marvinbryantia、巨球形菌属(Megasphaera)、稍热菌属(Meiothermus)、蜜蜂球菌属(Melissococcus)、中间根瘤菌属(Mesorhizobium)、Methylacidiphilum、Methylibium、甲基小杆菌属(Methylobacillus)、甲基杆菌属(Methylobacter)、甲基杆菌属(Methylobacterium)、甲基球菌属(Methylococcus)、甲基孢囊菌属(Methylocystis)、甲基微菌属(Methylomicrobium)、噬甲基菌属(Methylophaga)、嗜甲基菌目(Methylophilales)、甲基曲菌属(Methylosinus)、Methyloversatilis、食甲基菌属(Methylovorus)、微杆菌属(Microbacterium)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、微鞘蓝细菌属(Microcoleus)、微囊蓝细菌属(Microcystis)、小月菌属(Microlunatus)、小单孢菌属(Micromonospora)、光岗菌属(Mitsuokella)、动弯杆菌属(Mobiluncus)、穆尔氏菌属(Moorella)、莫拉氏菌属(Moraxella)、南极嗜冷菌属(Moritella)、分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium)、粘球菌属(Myxococcus)、Nakamurella、盐碱厌氧菌属(Natranaerobius)、奈瑟氏球菌属(Neisseria)、新立克次氏体属(Neorickettsia)、Neptuniibacter、Nitratifractor、Nitratiruptor、硝化杆菌属(Nitrobacter)、硝化球菌属(Nitrococcus)、亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)、亚硝化螺菌属(Nitrosospira)、硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)、诺卡氏菌属(Nocardia)、类诺卡氏菌属(Nocardioides)、拟诺卡氏菌属(Nocardiopsis)、节球蓝细菌属(Nodularia)、念珠蓝细菌属(Nostoc)、新鞘脂菌属(Novosphingobium)、Oceanibulbus、Oceanicaulis、海洋生菌属(Oceanicola)、海洋栖热菌属(Oceanithermus)、海洋芽胞杆菌属(Oceanobacillus)、苍白杆菌属(Ochrobactrum)、十八杆菌属(Octadecabacter)、Odyssella、寡养菌属(Oligotropha)、Olsenella、丰佑菌属(Opitutus)、Oribacterium、东方体属(Orientia)、Ornithinibacillus、颤蓝细菌属(Oscillatoria)、绿颤细菌属(Oscillochloris)、草酸杆菌属(Oxalobacter)、类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)、泛菌属(Pantoea)、副球菌属(Paracoccus)、Parascardovia、Parasutterella、Parvibaculum、微单胞菌属(Parvimonas)、短小盒菌属(Parvularcula)、巴斯德氏菌属(Pasteurella)、巴斯德氏芽菌属(Pasteuria)、果胶杆菌属(Pectobacterium)、片球菌属(Pediococcus)、Pedosphaera、Pelagibaca、远洋杆菌属(Pelagibacter)、暗杆菌属(Pelobacter)、Pelotomaculum、Peptoniphilus、消化链球菌属(Peptostreptococcus)、Persephonella、石袍菌属(Petrotoga)、褐杆菌属(Phaeobacter)、考拉杆菌属(Phascolarctobacterium)、苯基杆菌属(Phenylobacterium)、发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)、小小梨形菌属(Pirellula)、浮霉状菌属(Planctomyces)、动性球菌属(Planococcus)、Plesiocystis、极胞菌属(Polaromonas)、极胞菌属(Polaromonas)、Polymorphum、多核杆菌属(Polynucleobacter)、海绵杆菌门(Poribacteria)、原绿球菌属(Prochlorococcus)、丙酸杆菌属(Propionibacterium)、变形菌属(Proteus)、普罗威登斯菌属(Providencia)、假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、Pseudoflavonifractor、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、假诺卡氏菌属(Pseudonocardia)、假枝杆菌属(Pseudoramibacter)、Pseudovibrio、假黄色单胞菌属(Pseudoxanthomonas)、嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)、冷单胞菌属(Psychromonas)、Puniceispirillum、Pusillimonas、维形杆菌属(Pyramidobacter)、拉恩氏菌属(Rahnella)、罗尔斯通氏菌属(Ralstonia)、尖头藻属(Raphidiopsis)、Regiella、Reinekea、肾杆菌属(Renibacterium)、根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)、红细菌属(Rhodobacter)、红球菌属(Rhodococcus)、红育菌属(Rhodoferax)、红微菌属(Rhodomicrobium)、红小梨形菌属(Rhodopirellula)、红假单胞菌属(Rhodopseudomonas)、红螺菌属(Rhodospirillum)、立克次氏体属(Rickettsia)、立克次氏小体属(Rickettsiella)、Riesia、罗斯伯里氏菌属(Roseburia)、玫瑰菌属(Roseibium)、玫瑰弯菌属(Roseiflexus)、玫瑰杆菌属(Roseobacter)、玫瑰单胞菌属(Roseomonas)、玫瑰变色菌属(Roseovarius)、罗斯氏菌属(Rothia)、红长命菌属(Rubrivivax)、红色杆菌属(Rubrobacter)、鲁杰氏菌属(Ruegeria)、瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、Ruthia、糖单孢菌属(Saccharomonospora)、Saccharophagus、糖多孢菌属(Saccharopolyspora)、箭头菌属(Sagittula)、Salinispora、沙门氏菌属(Salmonella)、血杆菌属(Sanguibacte)、Scardovia、塞巴鲁德菌属(Sebaldella)、Segniliparus、月形单胞菌属(Selenomonas)、沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)、志贺氏菌属(Shigella)、Shuttleworthia、Sideroxydans、Silicibacter、西蒙斯氏菌属(Simonsiella)、中华根瘤菌属(Sinorhizobium)、史雷克氏菌属(Slackia)、伴蝇菌属(Sodalis)、Solibacter、Solobacterium、堆囊菌属(Sorangium)、球杆菌属(Sphaerobacter)、鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、Sphingopyxis、螺旋体属(Spirochaeta)、芽孢八叠球菌属(Sporosarcina)、Stackebrandtia、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、Starkeya、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)、标桩菌属(Stigmatella)、链杆菌属(Streptobacillus)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、链孢囊菌属(Streptosporangium)、Subdoligranulum、subvibrioides、Succinatimonas、亚硫酸盐杆菌属(Sulfitobacter)、硫化杆菌属(Sulfobacillus)、Sulfuricurvum、Sulfurihydrogenibium、Sulfurimonas、硫化螺旋菌属(Sulfurospirillum)、Sulfurovum、萨特氏菌属(Sutterella)、Symbiobacterium、集胞蓝细菌属(Synechocystis)、互营杆菌属(Syntrophobacter)、共养香肠样杆菌属(Syntrophobotulus)、共养单胞菌属(Syntrophomonas)、互营热菌属(Syntrophothermus)、互养菌属(Syntrophus)、taiwanensis、泰勒氏菌属(Taylorella)、Teredinibacter、Terriglobus、Thalassiobium、索氏菌属(Thauera)、嗜热好氧杆菌属(Thermaerobacter)、热厌氧弧菌属(Thermanaerovibrio)、Thermincola、热厌氧杆菌属(Thermoanaerobacter)、热厌氧杆菌属(Thermoanaerobacterium)、Thermobaculum、喜热裂孢菌属(Thermobifida)、嗜热双孢菌属(Thermobispora)、热发状菌属(Thermocrinis)、Thermodesulphateator、热脱硫杆菌属(Thermodesulfobacterium)、热脱硫菌属(Thermodesulfobium)、热脱硫弧菌属(Thermodesulfovibrio)、热微菌属(Thermomicrobium)、高温单孢菌属(Thermomonospora)、Thermosediminibacter、Thermosinus、栖热腔菌属(Thermosipho)、Thermosynechococcus、栖热孢菌属(Thermotoga)、热弧菌属(Thermovibrio)、栖热菌属(Thermus)、Thioalkalimicrobium、Thioalkalivibrio、硫杆菌属(Thiobacillus)、硫微螺菌属(Thiomicrospira)、硫单胞菌属(Thiomonas)、甲苯单胞菌属(Tolumonas)、密螺旋体属(Treponema)、tribocorum、束毛蓝细菌属(Trichodesmium)、Tropheryma、特吕珀菌属(Truepera)、冢村氏菌属(Tsukamurella)、Turicibacter、贪噬菌属(Variovorax)、韦荣氏菌属(Veillonella)、Verminephrobacter、疣微菌属(Verrucomicrobium)、疣孢菌属(Verrucosispora)、Vesicomyosocius、弧菌属(Vibrio)、弧菌目(Vibrionales)、食物谷菌属(Victivallis)、魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)、威格尔斯沃思氏菌属(Wigglesworthia)、沃尔巴克氏体属(Wolbachia)、沃林氏菌属(Wolinella)、黄色杆菌属(Xanthobacter)、黄单胞菌属(Xanthomonas)、致病杆菌属(Xenorhabdus)、Xylanimonas、木杆菌属(Xylella)、耶尔森氏菌属(Yersinia)、Zinderia和发酵单孢菌属(Zymomonas)。
具体而言,所述微生物细胞可以来自大肠杆菌(E. coli)、假单胞菌属种(Pseudomonas sp.)、荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)、恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)、施氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas stutzeri)、不动杆菌属种(Acinetobacter sp.)、伯克氏菌属种(Burkholderia sp.)、Burkholderia thailandensis、Cyanobakterien、克雷伯氏菌属种(Klebsiella sp.)、产酸克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella oxytoca)、沙门氏菌属种(Salmonella sp.)、根瘤菌属种(Rhizobium sp.)和苜蓿根瘤菌(Rhizobium meliloti)、芽孢杆菌属种(Bacillus sp.)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、梭状芽胞杆菌属种(Clostridium sp.)、棒状杆菌属种(Corynebacterium sp.)、谷氨酸棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicum)、短杆菌属种(Brevibacterium sp.)、小球藻属种(Chlorella sp.)和念珠藻属种(Nostoc sp.)。更具体地,所述微生物细胞可以来自大肠杆菌。
烷烃是具有各种应用的饱和烃,这取决于碳原子的数目和烷烃的结构(即支链、直链、环状等)。烷烃(技术上,总是无环或开链化合物)具有化学通式CnH2n+2。根据本发明的任一方面使用的烷烃可以包含至少6个C原子。
具体而言,根据本发明的任一方面使用的烷烃可以包含6-22、6-20、6-18、6-17、6-16、6-15、6-14、6-13、6-12、6-11、6-10、8-20、8-19、8-18、8-16、8-15、8-12、8-10个碳原子(包括端值)。所述烷烃可以选自己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、十一烷、十二烷、十三烷、十四烷、十五烷、十六烷和二十烷。具体而言,使用的烷烃可以是癸烷、十一烷或十二烷。
酶E1
酶E1可以能够将至少一种烷烃转化为相应的1-烷醇。具体而言,E1可以是至少一种EC1.14.15.1的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)或EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)。P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)是反应系统的组分,所述反应系统包含
- 两种酶组分细胞色素P450烷烃羟化酶和EC 1.6.2.4的NAD(P)H细胞色素P450氧化还原酶,或
- 三种酶组分CYP153类型的细胞色素P450烷烃羟化酶、EC 1.18.1.2或EC 1.18.1.3的铁氧还蛋白NAD(P)+还原酶和铁氧还蛋白。
AlkB烷烃羟化酶(E1b)是反应系统的组分,所述反应系统包含
- EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶,其为反应系统的组分,所述反应系统包含三种酶组分EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶、EC 1.18.1.1或EC 1.18.1.4的AlkT红素氧还蛋白NAD(P)+还原酶和红素氧还蛋白AlkG。
具体而言,E1可以是也称为烷烃单加氧酶的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)。更具体而言,E1可以包含与由alkBGT编码的来自恶臭假单胞菌GPo1的烷烃单加氧酶的至少50%的序列同一性。甚至更具体而言,E1可以包含与多肽YP_001185946.1的至少50%序列同一性。更具体而言,E1可以包含与多肽YP_001185946.1具有至少50%、60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、91%、94%、95%、98%或100%的序列同一性的多肽。
酶Ea
具体而言,酶E1可以是至少一种选自以下的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea):
和。
酶Eb
在另一实例中,酶E1可以是至少一种选自以下的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(E1b):
和。
酶E2
酶E2可以能够将1-烷醇转化为相应的1-烷醛。具体而言,E2可以是至少一种EC1.14.15.3的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、EC 1.1.3.20的醇氧化酶(Ec)或EC 1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的醇脱氢酶(Ed)。更具体而言,E2可以选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、EC 1.1.3.20的醇氧化酶(Ec)、AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)和EC1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的醇脱氢酶(Edii)。
具体而言,E2可以是也称为烷烃单加氧酶的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)。更具体而言,E2可以包含与由alkBGT编码的来自恶臭假单胞菌GPo1的烷烃单加氧酶的至少50%的序列同一性。甚至更具体而言,E2可以包含与多肽YP_001185946.1的至少50%序列同一性。更具体而言,E2可以包含与多肽YP_001185946.1具有至少50%、60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、91%、94%、95%、98%或100%的序列同一性的多肽。
酶Ec
所述醇氧化酶(Ec)可以选自:
和
。
具体而言,所述醇氧化酶(Ec)可以选自
和。
酶Edi
具体而言,所述AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)可以选自:
和。
具体而言,Edi 可以选自
和。
酶Edii
所述醇脱氢酶(Edii)可以选自来自细菌、特别是大肠杆菌的
和。
酶E3
酶E3可以能够将至少一种1-烷醛转化为相应的烷酸。具体而言,E3 可以选自EC1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、EC 1.1.3.20的双官能醇氧化酶(Ec)、能够经由1-烷醛将1-烷醇直接氧化为相应的烷酸的双官能AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)或EC 1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的双官能醇脱氢酶(Edii)和醛脱氢酶(Ee)。
酶Ee
酶Ee,醛脱氢酶,可以能够催化以下的转化
ω-氧代烷酸(酯)=ω-羧基烷酸(酯)。
为了催化上述反应,Ee可以是EC 1.2.1.3、EC 1.2.1.4或EC 1.2.1.5的醛脱氢酶,EC 1.1.3.20的脂肪醇氧化酶,EC 1.1.99.-的AlkJ醇脱氢酶和EC 1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的醇脱氢酶。
在一个实例中,Ee可以能够特异性催化以下反应:
ω-氧代烷酸(酯) + NAD(P)+ = ω-羧基烷酸(酯) + NAD(P)H + H+
在该情况下,酶Ee可以是EC 1.2.1.3、EC 1.2.1.4或EC 1.2.1.5的醛脱氢酶,并且可以选自来自细菌、特别是大肠杆菌的
和。
在另一个实例中,酶Ee可以能够催化以下反应:
ω-氧代烷酸(酯) + O2 = ω-羧基烷酸(酯) + H2O2
在该情况下,Ee可以是EC 1.1.3.20的脂肪醇氧化酶,并且可以选自上面作为酶Ec提供的列表。
在另一个实例中,Ee可以是至少一种EC 1.1.99的AlkJ醇脱氢酶,并且可以选自上面作为Edi提供的列表。
在一个进一步实例中,Ee可以是选自作为酶Edii提供的列表的EC 1.1.1.1或EC1.1.1.2的醇脱氢酶。
酶E4
酶E4可以能够将至少一种烷酸转化为相应的烷酸酯。具体而言,E4可以是至少一种蜡酯合酶,也称为醇O-酰基转移酶(EC 2.3.1.20、EC 2.3.1.75) (Ef)或醇O-乙酰基转移酶(Eg) (EC 2.3.1.20、EC 2.3.1.75或EC 2.3.1.84)。
在一个实例中,E4可以是至少一种蜡酯合酶(Ef)。更具体而言,E4可以包含与醋酸钙不动杆菌ADP1或Hahella chejuensis的O-乙酰转移酶的至少50%的序列同一性。甚至更具体而言,E4可以包含与多肽YP_045555.1、WP_011398768.1或NP_808414.2的至少50%的序列同一性。更具体而言,E4可以包含与选自多肽YP_045555.1、WP_011398768.1和NP_808414.2的多肽具有至少50%、60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、91%、94%、95%、98%或100%的序列同一性的多肽。在一个实例中,E4可以包含与SEQ ID NO:2具有至少50%、60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、91%、94%、95%、98%或100%的序列同一性的多肽。
酶Ef
具体而言,所述酶Ef可以选自:
和。
在另一个实例中,所述酶Ef可以选自以下NCBI基因标识符:
和。
酶Eg
具体而言,所述酶Eg可以选自
和。
酶E5
酶E5可以能够将至少一种烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯。具体而言,E5可以是作为E1列出的任何酶。具体而言,E5可以是至少一种EC 1.14.15.3的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)或EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)。
酶E6
酶E6可以能够将至少一种ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯。具体而言,E6可以是作为E2列出的任何酶。具体而言,E6可以选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、EC 1.1.3.20的醇氧化酶(Ec)和EC 1.1.1.1或EC1.1.1.2的醇脱氢酶(Ed)。
关于酶E6使用的短语“当存在时”是指已经被遗传修饰以生产ω-氧代烷酸酯的细胞。根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以包含酶E6相对于野生型细胞增加的表达,因此能够生产ω-氧代烷酸酯。在另一个实例中,根据本发明的任一方面的细胞也可以包含酶E6相对于野生型细胞无增加的表达,因此不能生产ω-氧代烷酸酯。因此,这些细胞可以主要生产ω-羟基-烷酸酯。因此,当根据本发明的任一方面的细胞包含酶E6的增加的表达时(即当存在时),则可以生产ω-氧代烷酸酯。
酶E7
酶E7可以能够将至少一种ω-氧代烷酸转化为相应的ω-氨基烷酸酯。具体而言,E7可以是EC 2.6.1的ω-转氨酶(Eh)。
具体而言,所述酶E7可以是选自以下的转氨酶(Eh):恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)(WP_016502144; WP_016500675.1)、紫色色杆菌(Chromobacterium violaceum)(NP_901695.1)、类球红细菌(Rhodobacter sphaeroides) 2.4.1(YP_353455.1)和
具体而言,所述酶E7可以是选自以下的转氨酶(Eh):
和。
关于酶E7使用的短语“当存在时”是指已经被遗传修饰以生产ω-氨基烷酸酯的细胞。根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以包含酶E7相对于野生型细胞增加的表达,因此能够生产ω-氨基烷酸酯。在另一个实例中,根据本发明的任一方面的细胞也可以包含酶E7相对于野生型细胞无增加的表达,因此不能生产ω-氨基烷酸酯。因此,这些细胞可以主要生产ω-氧代-烷酸酯。在一个实例中,相对于野生型细胞包含酶E6、而非E7的增加的表达的细胞可以能够生产ω-氧代-烷酸酯。在另一个实例中,当所述细胞未被遗传修饰以增加E6、而非E7的表达时, 所述细胞可以生产ω-羟基烷酸酯。
酶Eh
具体而言,所述酶Eh可以选自:
和。
根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以进行遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加酶E1至E5的表达。所述细胞可以进一步遗传修饰以增加至少酶E6和/或E7的表达。在一个实例中,酶E1、E2、E3、E5和E6可以是至少一种AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)且酶E4可以是蜡酯合酶(Ef)。具体而言,
- 所述AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)包含相对于SEQ ID NO:1的至少60%序列同一性;且
- 所述蜡酯合酶(Ef)包含相对于SEQ ID NO:2的至少60%序列同一性。
在另一个实例中,当根据本发明的任一方面的细胞被遗传修饰以生产至少一种ω-氨基烷酸酯时,所述细胞可以经修饰以表达至少一种ω-转氨酶(Eh),其可以包含相对于SEQ ID NO:3的至少60%序列同一性。
酶E8
根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以进一步遗传修饰以降低至少一种酶E8的表达,所述酶E8在将烷烃转化为ω-官能化羧酸酯的过程中分解至少一种中间体。具体而言,酶E8可以是能够在细胞的脂肪酸降解能力中发挥作用的酶。具体而言,E8可以选自酰基-CoA脱氢酶(Ei) (FadE)、烯酰CoA水合酶(Ej) (FadB)、3-羟酰-CoA脱氢酶(Ek) (FadB)和也称为3-酮脂酰-CoA硫解酶的β-酮硫解酶(FadA) (El)。
脂肪酸被摄取并经由转运/酰基活化机制转运穿过细胞膜。第一细胞内步骤涉及通过酰基-CoA脱氢酶(Ei)将酰基-CoA转化为烯酰-CoA,所述酰基-CoA脱氢酶(Ei)在大肠杆菌的情况下被称为FadE。酰基-CoA脱氢酶的活性可以如现有技术中所述进行测定,例如通过在100 mM MOPS(pH 7.4)、0.2 mM 烯酰-CoA、0.4 mM NADH中在340 nm分光光度监测NADH的浓度。通过水合和氧化,将所得烯酰-CoA经由3-羟酰-CoA转化为3-酮脂酰-CoA,所述水合和氧化由在大肠杆菌中被称为FadB和FadJ的烯酰-CoA水合酶/(R)-3-羟酰-CoA脱氢酶(Ej/Ek)催化。烯酰-CoA水合酶/3-羟酰-CoA脱氢酶活性,更具体地,产物NADH的形成,可以如现有技术中所述分光光度测定,例如如针对FadE所概述。最后,3-酮脂酰-CoA硫解酶(El)(大肠杆菌中的FadA和Fad1)催化3-酮脂酰-CoA的裂解,以得到乙酰-CoA,且投入酰基-CoA缩短两个碳原子。酮脂酰-CoA硫解酶的活性可以如现有技术(例如Antonenkov, V.,等人,1997)中所述进行测定。
在一个实例中,如本文所使用,术语“酰基-CoA脱氢酶”可以是能够作为β-氧化途径的一部分催化酰基-CoA转化为烯酰-CoA的多肽。例如,大肠杆菌中的多肽FadE(登录号:BAA77891.2)可以是酰基-CoA脱氢酶。如本文所使用,术语“烯酰-CoA水合酶”,也称为3-羟酰-CoA脱氢酶,是指能够作为β-氧化途径的一部分通过水合和氧化催化烯酰-CoA转化为3-酮脂酰-CoA的多肽。
例如,大肠杆菌中的多肽FadB和FadJ(分别为登录号:BAE77457.1和P77399.1)是烯酰-CoA水合酶。如本文所使用,术语“酮脂酰-CoA硫解酶”可以是指能够作为β-氧化途径的最后步骤催化3-酮脂酰-CoA的裂解、导致产生缩短两个碳原子的酰基-CoA和乙酰基-CoA的多肽。例如,大肠杆菌中的多肽FadA和FadI(分别为登录号:YP_491599.1和P76503.1)是酮脂酰-CoA硫解酶。
酶E9和E10
根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以进一步遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加以下的表达:
- 所述酶E9是脂肪酰-辅酶A甲酯酯酶BioH (Em);和/或
- 所述酶E10是选自TesA、TesB、YciA、FadM、YbfF和YbgC的脂肪酰-辅酶A硫酯酶(En)。
具体而言,Em可以能够将脂肪酸酯水解成游离脂肪酸和相应的醇;和/或 En可以能够将脂肪酰-辅酶A水解成游离脂肪酸和辅酶A。
酶E11
根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以包含进一步遗传突变,其相对于野生型细胞增加至少一种转运蛋白的表达。这种进一步突变使得细胞能够增加至少一种脂肪酸的摄取。具体而言,所述转运蛋白可以是AlkL (SEQ ID NO:4或5)和/或FadL (SEQ ID NO:6)。与野生型细胞相比,AlkL和/或FadL可以作为至少一种转运蛋白发挥功能。在一个实例中,所述细胞可以进行遗传修饰以过表达fadL和alkL基因两者。根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以进一步遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加AlkL和/或FadL的表达。
在一个实例中,酶E11可以是FadL或BAA16205.1。
酶E12
根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以包含进一步遗传突变,其相对于野生型细胞增加EC6.2.1.3、EC 2.3.1.86的酰基-CoA合成酶(酶E12)的表达。酶E12可以催化脂肪酸转化为脂肪酸的CoA酯,即这样的分子,其中羧基的官能团-OH被-S-CoA替代。例如,大肠杆菌中的多肽FadD和FadK(分别是登录号:BAA15609.1和NP_416216.4)是酰基-CoA合成酶。在另一个实例中,E12可以是YP_001724804.1的长链脂肪酸-CoA连接酶。
酶E13
酶E13可以能够将ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯。具体而言,酶E13可以是上文定义的任何酶E3。更具体而言,E13可以选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、EC 1.1.3.20的双官能醇氧化酶(Ec)、能够经由ω-氧代烷酸酯将ω-羟基烷酸酯直接氧化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯的双官能AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)或EC 1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的双官能醇脱氢酶(Edii);和醛脱氢酶(Ee)。
酶E14
酶E14可以能够将ω-羧基烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸二酯。具体而言,酶E14可以是上文定义的任何酶E4。更具体而言,E14可以是至少一种蜡酯合酶(Ef)或醇O-酰基转移酶(Eg)(EC 2.3.1.20、EC 2.3.1.75或EC 2.3.1.84)。
根据本发明的任一方面的细胞不包含遗传修饰,所述遗传修饰相对于野生型细胞增加选自以下的以下酶E20- E24中的至少一种的表达:
- EC 3.1.2.14或EC 3.1.2.22的E20酰基-ACP硫酯酶,
- EC 3.1.2.2、EC 3.1.2.18、EC 3.1.2.19、EC 3.1.2.20或EC 3.1.2.22的E21酰基-CoA硫酯酶,
- E22酰基-CoA:ACP转酰酶,
- E23聚酮化合物合酶,和
- E24己酸合酶。
具体而言,根据本发明的任一方面的细胞具有酶E20- E24的野生型表达。因此,在根据本发明的方法的细胞中,酶E20- E24既不过表达、也不敲除。更具体而言,在根据本发明的任一方面的细胞中,酶E20- E24中的任一种,即酶E20、E21、E22、E23或E24,所有酶E20、E21、E22、E23和E24的表达,没有遗传修饰。甚至更具体而言,根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以包含在开始的细胞中可以天然存在的酶E20-E24中的任一种的天然、野生型表达。因此,根据本发明的任一方面的细胞可以被认为不包含酶E20- E24中的任一种的重组表达。这是特别有利的,因为然后可以容易地选择酶E20- E24中的任一种没有增加表达(即具有酶E20- E24中的任一种的野生型表达)的细胞以使用烷烃作为碳源用于ω-官能化羧酸酸酯形成。具体而言,具有酶E20- E24中的任一种的增加表达的任何细胞可以导致增加生产这样的脂肪酸,所述脂肪酸可以用作碳源用于由具有酶E20- E24中的任一种的增加表达的细胞形成ω-官能化羧酸和/或其酯。具有酶E20- E24中的任一种的增加表达的细胞因此可以有利于使用高浓度的脂肪酸作为底物用于生产ω-官能化羧酸酯,并且烷烃将因此不用于由细胞形成ω-官能化羧酸酯。使用烷烃以外的其它碳源用于ω-官能化羧酸酯形成可急剧增加生产成本以生产更多的脂肪酸,所述细胞将需要其它碳源,诸如葡萄糖。因此,根据本发明的任一方面使用根据本发明的任一方面的细胞(其不包含相对于野生型细胞增加以下酶E20- E24中的至少一种的表达的遗传修饰)用于从至少一种烷烃生产至少一种ω-官能化羧酸酯。
酶E20-E24
酶E20-E24在WO2013024114中在WO2013024114的第60-79页分别详细解释为酶Ei至Eiv。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了生产至少一种ω-官能化羧酸酯的方法,其中所述方法包括使至少一种根据根据本发明任一方面的细胞与至少一种烷烃接触的步骤。具体而言,形成的ω-官能化羧酸酯可以选自ω-羟基-烷酸酯、ω-氧代-烷酸酯、ω-羧基-烷酸酯、ω-氨基-烷酸酯。具体而言,所述ω-官能化羧酸酯可以是来自烷烃十二烷的12-氨基月桂酸甲酯、12-羟基月桂酸甲酯、12-羧基月桂酸甲(二)酯和/或月桂酸甲酯。在另一个实例中,生产的ω-官能化羧酸酯可以是来自烷烃十一烷的11-氨基十一烷酸甲酯、11-羟基十一烷酸甲酯、11-羧基十一烷酸甲(二)酯和/或十一烷酸甲酯。在至少一个进一步实例中,单官能醇和/或醛可以作为副产物形成。
如本文所使用,术语“接触”意指在水溶液中使根据本发明的任一方面的烷烃和/或细胞之间直接接触。例如,所述细胞和烷烃可以不在通过屏障诸如无机膜隔开的不同隔室中。如果所述烷烃是可溶的并且可以被细胞吸收或可以扩散穿过生物膜,则其可以简单地添加至在水溶液中的根据本发明的任一方面的细胞。在其不充分溶解的情况下,其可以在添加至水溶液中之前溶解于合适的有机溶剂中。本领域技术人员能够通过添加合适的有机和/或极性溶剂来制备溶解性不足的烷烃的水溶液。此类溶剂可以以包含液体有机溶剂的有机相的形式提供。在一个实例中,当在25℃和标准大气压下为液体时,有机溶剂或相可以被认为是液体。在另一个实例中,脂肪酸可以以脂肪酸酯诸如相应的甲酯或乙酯的形式提供。在另一个实例中,化合物和催化剂可以在体外接触,即以或多或少富集或甚至纯化的状态接触,或者可以原位接触,即它们作为细胞代谢的一部分制备,且随后在细胞内反应。
术语“水溶液”与术语“水性介质”可互换使用,并且是指包含水的任何溶液,主要是水作为溶剂,其可以用于至少暂时地将根据本发明的任一方面的细胞保持在代谢活性和/或活力状态,并且包含(如果此为必要的)任何额外底物。本领域技术人员熟悉制备许多水溶液,通常称为可用于保持本发明细胞的培养基,例如在大肠杆菌的情况下为LB培养基。有利的是使用作为水溶液的基本培养基,即合理简单组成的培养基,其与复合培养基相比仅包含用于将细胞保持在代谢活性和/或存活状态必不可少的盐和营养物的最小集合,以避免具有不想要的副产物的不必要的产物污染。例如,M9培养基可以用作基本培养基。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了从烷烃生产至少一种ω-官能化羧酸酯的方法,其中所述方法包括:
(a) 使以下酶与所述烷烃接触:
(i) 能够将所述烷烃转化为相应的1-烷醇的酶E1;
(ii) 能够将(i)的1-烷醇转化为相应的1-烷醛的酶E2;
(iii) 能够将(ii)的1-烷醛转化为相应的烷酸的酶E3;
(iv) 能够将(iii)的烷酸转化为相应的烷酸酯的酶E4;和
(v) 能够将(iv)的烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯的酶E5。
根据本发明的任一方面的方法可以包括以下步骤:
(b) 使以下酶与所述ω-羟基-烷酸酯接触:
(vi) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6;或
(vii) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6和能够将ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氨基烷酸酯的酶E7;或
(viii) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6和能够将ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯的酶E13以及能够将ω-羧基烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸二酯的酶E14。
根据本发明的任一方面使用的酶可以与根据本发明的细胞的上下文中公开的酶是相同的。
具体实施方式
实施例
前述描述了优选实施方案,如本领域技术人员将理解,在不背离权利要求的范围的情况下,其可以进行设计、构建或操作的变化或修改。这些变化例如意欲被权利要求的范围所覆盖。
实施例1
用携带烷烃单加氧酶和蜡酯合酶且催化脂肪酸降解的酶和将脂肪酸酯水解为游离脂肪酸和相应醇的酶减弱的全细胞生物催化剂分别从十二烷和十一烷(以及在甲酯的情况下,甲醇)生产月桂酸(甲酯)和十一烷酸(甲酯)。
实施例2
用携带烷烃单加氧酶、蜡酯合酶和ω-转氨酶且催化脂肪酸降解的酶和将脂肪酸酯水解为游离脂肪酸和相应醇的酶减弱的全细胞生物催化剂分别从十二烷和十一烷生产12-氨基月桂酸甲酯和11-氨基十一烷酸甲酯。
实施例3
用于过表达大肠杆菌fadD基因和编码蜡酯合酶的Hahella chejuensis基因的表达载
体的构建
载体pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche (SEQ ID NO:7) 携带来自大肠杆菌的基因fadD(编码酰基-CoA合酶)和针对在大肠杆菌中表达进行密码子优化的来自Hahella chejuensis的蜡酯合酶基因(SEQ ID NO:2)。尽管酰基-CoA合酶负责将脂肪酸活化为相应的CoA硫酯,但蜡酯合酶是脂肪酰-CoA和醇、更具体地甲醇之间的酯形成所需要的。该载体基于质粒pCDFDuet-1 (Merck Biosciences; Nottingham, UK),并且携带在tac启动子控制下的fadD基因和在T5启动子控制下的编码Hahella chejuensis蜡酯合酶的基因。通过PCR分别从大肠杆菌W3110的基因组DNA扩增大肠杆菌fadD以及tac和T5启动子盒,通过DNA合成获得编码Hahella chejuensis蜡酯合酶的基因。使用用于体外重组的市售试剂盒(NEBuilder HiFiDNA Assembly Cloning Kit; NEB; Frankfurt/ Main, Germany) ,将载体骨架和代表大肠杆菌fadD、tac和T5启动子盒和编码Hahella chejuensis蜡酯合酶的基因的四个DNA片段融合,以得到载体pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche (SEQ ID NO:7).。
实施例4
能够将烷烃转化为相应的ω-官能化脂肪酸甲酯的大肠杆菌菌株的构建
表达载体pBT10_alkL (关于构建细节和所列的SEQ ID NO:8,参见WO / 2011/131420的实施例1)含有来自食油假单胞菌(Pseudomonas oleovorans)的alk操纵子的基因alkB、 alkG、alkT、alkS和alkL。相应的基因产物催化烷烃氧化成相应的烷醇、烷醛和脂肪酸(AlkBGT)以及底物的摄取(AlkL)。此外,一旦通过酶酰基-CoA合成酶和蜡酯合酶的作用从脂肪酸和甲醇形成脂肪酸甲酯(参见实施例1),AlkBGT基因产物还催化脂肪酸甲酯的氧化。载体pJ294_alaDH_B.s._TA_C.v.(Ct) (关于构建细节和所列的SEQ ID NO:17,参见WO/2013/024114的实施例1) 携带来自枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)的基因ald(编码丙氨酸脱氢酶)和来自紫色色杆菌(Chromobacterium violaceum)的Cv_2505(编码ω-转氨酶)。尽管ω-转氨酶负责将OLAME和OUAME转化为相应的胺ALAME和AUAME,但需要丙氨酸脱氢酶从丙酮酸和无机氨提供胺供体丙氨酸。
将质粒pBT10_alkL和pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche加上(适当时)pJ294_alaDH_B.s._TA_C.v.(Ct)经由电穿孔转化至大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE中,铺板于含有卡那霉素(50 µg/ml)、氨苄青霉素(100 µg/ml)和壮观霉素(100 µg/ml)(如果适用)的LB琼脂板上。通过质粒制备和限制性消化分析筛选转化体的质粒的存在和真实性。生成以下菌株:
● 大肠杆菌 W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche
● 大肠杆菌 W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pJ294_alaDH_B.s._TA_C.v.(Ct)/ pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche。
实施例5
用于将烷烃转化为相应的ω-官能化脂肪酸甲酯的生物转化
菌株大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche和大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pJ294_alaDH_B.s._TA_C.v.(Ct) / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche经受补料分批发酵、随后生物转化,以便研究它们从十二烷生产ω-羟基月桂酸甲酯(HLAME)、ω-氧代月桂酸甲酯(OLAME)、ω-氨基月桂酸甲酯(ALAME)、十二烷二酸单甲酯(DDAME)和十二烷二酸二甲酯(DDADME)的能力。所述菌株还经受补料分批发酵、随后生物转化,以便研究它们从十一烷生产ω-羟基十一烷酸甲酯(HUAME)、ω-氧代十一烷酸甲酯(OUAME)、ω-氨基十一烷酸甲酯(AUAME)、十一烷二酸单甲酯(UDAME)和十一烷二酸二甲酯(UDADME)的能力。这在来自DASGIP的8重平行发酵系统中实施。
对于发酵,使用1L反应器,其装备有顶置式搅拌器和叶轮涡轮。为了监测过程,在线测量pH和pO2。OTR/CTR测量尤其用于估计细胞的代谢活性和适合性。
pH探针根据DASGIP提供的技术参考文献用pH 4.0和pH 7.0的测量溶液借助两点校准来进行校准。根据DASGIP提供的技术参考文献准备具有所需传感器和连接的反应器,并且安装搅拌器轴。然后用300 ml水装填反应器,并在121℃下高压灭菌20 min以确保无菌。连接至测量放大器后,将pO2探针极化过夜(至少6 h)。然后在洁净台下去除水,并通过高细胞密度培养基替换,所述高细胞密度培养基由以下组成:(NH4)2SO4 1.76 g/l、K2HPO419.08 g/l、KH2PO4 12.5 g/l、酵母提取物6.66 g/l、柠檬酸三钠二水合物11.2 g/l、17 ml/l的滤器灭菌的1%强度的柠檬酸铁铵溶液和5 ml/l的滤器灭菌的痕量元素储备溶液(其由HCl (37%) 36.50 g/l、MnCl2*4 H2O 1.91 g/l、ZnSO4*7 H2O 1.87 g/l、乙二胺四乙酸二水合物0.84 g/l、H3BO3 0.30 g/l、Na2MoO4*2 H2O 0.25 g/l、CaCl2*2 H2O 4.70 g/l、FeSO4*7H2O 17.80 g/l、CuCl2*2 H2O 0.15 g/l组成),具有15 g/l葡萄糖作为碳源(通过计量添加30 ml/l无菌补料溶液来添加,所述补料溶液由500 g/l葡萄糖、1% (w/v) MgSO4*7H2O和2.2% (w/v) NH4Cl组成),以及50 mg/l卡那霉素。
随后,根据DASGIP提供的技术参考文献,将pO2探针使用单点校准(搅拌器:600rpm / 通气: 10 sL/h空气)进行校准至100%,并且借助原地清洁(cleaning-in-place)清洁补料、校正剂(correction agent)和诱导剂部分(stretches)。为此,将管首先用70%乙醇、随后用1 M NaOH、随后用无菌的去矿物质水冲洗,并最终用各种培养基装满。
所有前述的大肠杆菌菌株首先从冷冻培养物在具有50 mg/l卡那霉素的LB培养基(25 ml,于100 ml带有挡板的摇瓶中)中在37℃和200 rpm下过夜培养约18 h。然后,将2 ml的该培养物转移至100 ml摇瓶中的25 ml的高细胞密度培养基中并在37℃/200 rpm下再孵育6 h进行第二预培养阶段,所述高细胞密度培养基由以下组成:(NH4)2SO4 1.76 g/L、K2HPO4 19.08 g/l、KH2PO4 12.5 g/l、酵母提取物6.66 g/l、柠檬酸三钠二水合物11.2 g/l、17 ml/l的滤器灭菌的1%强度的柠檬酸铁铵溶液和5 ml/l的滤器灭菌的痕量元素储备溶液(其由HCl (37%) 36.50 g/l、MnCl2*4 H2O 1.91 g/l、ZnSO4*7 H2O 1.87 g/l、乙二胺四乙酸二水合物0.84 g/l、H3BO3 0.30 g/l、Na2MoO4*2 H2O 0.25 g/l、CaCl2*2 H2O 4.70 g/l、FeSO4*7 H2O 17.80 g/l、CuCl2*2 H2O 0.15 g/l组成),具有15 g/l葡萄糖作为碳源(通过计量添加30 ml/l无菌补料溶液来添加,所述补料溶液由500 g/l葡萄糖、1% (w/v)MgSO4*7 H2O和2.2% (w/v) NH4Cl组成),以及已描述的抗生素。
为了以0.1的光密度接种反应器,测量第二预培养阶段的OD600,并计算接种所需的培养物的量。借助于5 ml注射器将所需量的培养物经隔膜(septum)添加入经热处理且通气的反应器中。
使用以下标准程序:
。
用12.5%强度的氨溶液在一侧将pH调节至pH 6.8。在培养和生物转化期间,借助搅拌器补料和通气速率将培养物中的溶解氧(pO2或DO)调节至至少30%。接种后,DO从100%降至30%,其中其对于发酵的剩余过程中保持稳定。
发酵作为补料分批实施,其中经由诱导分批期结束的DO峰,用由500 g/l葡萄糖、1% (w/v) MgSO4*7 H2O和2.2% (w/v) NH4Cl组成的5 g/l*h葡萄糖补料,引发补料开始为进入补料期。随着补料开始,37℃的温度降低至30℃。补料开始后10 h,用0.025% (v/v) DCPK诱导氧化基因的表达。补料开始后14 h,实施生产的开始(=生物转化的开始)。为此目的,将150 ml的十二烷或十一烷作为一批添加至发酵液中。
为了定量发酵样品中的LSME和HLS,在生物转化开始后1/2/4/20/22 h取样。制备这些样品用于如实施例6中提供的分析。
实施例6
产物的基于LC-ESI/MS
2
的定量
发酵样品中HLAME、OLAME、ALAME、DDAME和DDADME以及HUAME、OUAME、AUAME、UDAME和UDADME的定量借助LC-ESI/MS2参考所有分析物的外部校准(0.1–50 mg/l)并使用内标氨基十一烷酸(对于HLSME,AUA)和d3-LSME (对于LSME)来实施。
在此使用以下仪器:
● 具有自动取样器(G1367E)、二元泵(G1312B)和柱温箱(G1316A)的HPLC系统1260(Agilent; Böblingen)
● 具有ESI源的质谱仪TripelQuad 6410 (Agilent; Böblingen)
● HPLC柱:Kinetex C18, 100 x 2.1 mm, 粒径: 2.6 µm, 孔径100 Å (Phenomenex;Aschaffenburg)
● 预柱:KrudKatcher Ultra HPLC串联滤器;0.5 µm滤器深度和0.004 mm内径(Phenomenex; Aschaffenburg)。
通过移取1900 µl溶剂(80% (v/v)乙腈、20% 双蒸H2O (v/v)和0.1%甲酸)和100 µl样品至2 ml反应容器中来制备样品。将混合物涡旋约10秒,然后以约13 000 rpm离心5min。使用移液器移取澄清的上清液,并在用稀释剂(80% (v/v) ACN、20%双蒸H2O (v/v)和0.1%甲酸)适当稀释后进行分析。将100 µL的ISTD移取至每一900 µL样品中(对于90 µL的样品体积,10 µL)。
用上述柱或预柱实施HPLC分离。注射体积为0.7 µL,柱温为50℃,流速为0.6 mL/min。流动相由洗脱液A(0.1% (v/v)甲酸水溶液)和洗脱液B (含0.1% (v/v)甲酸的乙腈)组成。使用以下梯度概况:
。
用ESI源的以下参数以正离子化模式实施ESI-MS2分析:
● 气体温度280℃
● 气体流速11 L/min
● 雾化压力50 psi
● 毛细管电压4000 V。
化合物HLAME、OLAME、ALAME、DDAME、DDADME、HUAME、OUAME、AUAME、UDAME和UDADME的检测和定量用以下MRM参数进行,在每种情况下一种产物离子用作定性物(qualifier),且一种用作定量物(quantifier):
表1. 以SIM模式(m/z 201和215)检测分析物LA和LAME。
实施例7
通过大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche和大肠
杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pJ294_alaDH_B.s._TA_C.v.(Ct)/ pCDF-fadD_
Ec-wes_Hche将烷烃转化为相应的ω-官能化脂肪酸甲酯
使用上述方案,可以显示大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche从十二烷生产DDAME和DDADME以及从十一烷生产UDAME和UDADME(参见表1和2)。此外,可以显示大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pJ294_alaDH_B.s._TA_C.v.(Ct) / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche从十二烷生产HLAME和ALAME以及从十一烷生产HUAME和AUAME(参见表2和3)。
表2. 用菌株大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche (菌株1)和大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pJ294_alaDH_B.s._TA_C.v.(Ct) / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche(菌株2)由十二烷形成的ω-官能化脂肪酸甲酯的浓度。
表3. 用菌株大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche (菌株1)和大肠杆菌W3110 ∆bioH ∆fadE pBT10_alkL / pJ294_alaDH_B.s._TA_C.v.(Ct) / pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche(菌株2)由十一烷形成的ω-官能化脂肪酸甲酯的浓度。
序列表
<110> Evonik Degussa GmbH
<120> ω-官能化羧酸及其酯的生物技术生产
<130> 201500273EP
<150> EP15196180
<151> 2015-11-25
<160> 7
<170> PatentIn 版本 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 401
<212> PRT
<213> 恶臭假单胞菌
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<212> PRT
<213> 恶臭假单胞菌
<400> 4
Met Ser Phe Ser Asn Tyr Lys Val Ile Ala Met Pro Val Leu Val Ala
1 5 10 15
Asn Phe Val Leu Gly Ala Ala Thr Ala Trp Ala Asn Glu Asn Tyr Pro
20 25 30
Ala Lys Ser Ala Gly Tyr Asn Gln Gly Asp Trp Val Ala Ser Phe Asn
35 40 45
Phe Ser Lys Val Tyr Val Gly Glu Glu Leu Gly Asp Leu Asn Val Gly
50 55 60
Gly Gly Ala Leu Pro Asn Ala Asp Val Ser Ile Gly Asn Asp Thr Thr
65 70 75 80
Leu Thr Phe Asp Ile Ala Tyr Phe Val Ser Ser Asn Ile Ala Val Asp
85 90 95
Phe Phe Val Gly Val Pro Ala Arg Ala Lys Phe Gln Gly Glu Lys Ser
100 105 110
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gly Arg Val Ser Glu Val Asp Tyr Gly Pro Ala Ile
115 120 125
Leu Ser Leu Gln Tyr His Tyr Asp Ser Phe Glu Arg Leu Tyr Pro Tyr
130 135 140
Val Gly Val Gly Val Gly Arg Val Leu Phe Phe Asp Lys Thr Asp Gly
145 150 155 160
Ala Leu Ser Ser Phe Asp Ile Lys Asp Lys Trp Ala Pro Ala Phe Gln
165 170 175
Val Gly Leu Arg Tyr Asp Leu Gly Asn Ser Trp Met Leu Asn Ser Asp
180 185 190
Val Arg Tyr Ile Pro Phe Lys Thr Asp Val Thr Gly Thr Leu Gly Pro
195 200 205
Val Pro Val Ser Thr Lys Ile Glu Val Asp Pro Phe Ile Leu Ser Leu
210 215 220
Gly Ala Ser Tyr Val Phe
225 230
<210> 5
<211> 230
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> ALK L
<400> 5
Val Ser Phe Ser Asn Tyr Lys Val Ile Ala Met Pro Val Leu Val Ala
1 5 10 15
Asn Phe Val Leu Gly Ala Ala Thr Ala Trp Ala Asn Glu Asn Tyr Pro
20 25 30
Ala Lys Ser Ala Gly Tyr Asn Gln Gly Asp Trp Val Ala Ser Phe Asn
35 40 45
Phe Ser Lys Val Tyr Val Gly Glu Glu Leu Gly Asp Leu Asn Val Gly
50 55 60
Gly Gly Ala Leu Pro Asn Ala Asp Val Ser Ile Gly Asn Asp Thr Thr
65 70 75 80
Leu Thr Phe Asp Ile Ala Tyr Phe Val Ser Ser Asn Ile Ala Val Asp
85 90 95
Phe Phe Val Gly Val Pro Ala Arg Ala Lys Phe Gln Gly Glu Lys Ser
100 105 110
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gly Arg Val Ser Glu Val Asp Tyr Gly Pro Ala Ile
115 120 125
Leu Ser Leu Gln Tyr His Tyr Asp Ser Phe Glu Arg Leu Tyr Pro Tyr
130 135 140
Val Gly Val Gly Val Gly Arg Val Leu Phe Phe Asp Lys Thr Asp Gly
145 150 155 160
Ala Leu Ser Ser Phe Asp Ile Lys Asp Lys Trp Ala Pro Ala Phe Gln
165 170 175
Val Gly Leu Arg Tyr Asp Leu Gly Asn Ser Trp Met Leu Asn Ser Asp
180 185 190
Val Arg Tyr Ile Pro Phe Lys Thr Asp Val Thr Gly Thr Leu Gly Pro
195 200 205
Val Pro Val Ser Thr Lys Ile Glu Val Asp Pro Phe Ile Leu Ser Leu
210 215 220
Gly Ala Ser Tyr Val Phe
225 230
<210> 6
<211> 446
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> FADL
<400> 6
Met Ser Gln Lys Thr Leu Phe Thr Lys Ser Ala Leu Ala Val Ala Val
1 5 10 15
Ala Leu Ile Ser Thr Gln Ala Trp Ser Ala Gly Phe Gln Leu Asn Glu
20 25 30
Phe Ser Ser Ser Gly Leu Gly Arg Ala Tyr Ser Gly Glu Gly Ala Ile
35 40 45
Ala Asp Asp Ala Gly Asn Val Ser Arg Asn Pro Ala Leu Ile Thr Met
50 55 60
Phe Asp Arg Pro Thr Phe Ser Ala Gly Ala Val Tyr Ile Asp Pro Asp
65 70 75 80
Val Asn Ile Ser Gly Thr Ser Pro Ser Gly Arg Ser Leu Lys Ala Asp
85 90 95
Asn Ile Ala Pro Thr Ala Trp Val Pro Asn Met His Phe Val Ala Pro
100 105 110
Ile Asn Asp Gln Phe Gly Trp Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ser Asn Tyr Gly
115 120 125
Leu Ala Thr Glu Phe Asn Asp Thr Tyr Ala Gly Gly Ser Val Gly Gly
130 135 140
Thr Thr Asp Leu Glu Thr Met Asn Leu Asn Leu Ser Gly Ala Tyr Arg
145 150 155 160
Leu Asn Asn Ala Trp Ser Phe Gly Leu Gly Phe Asn Ala Val Tyr Ala
165 170 175
Arg Ala Lys Ile Glu Arg Phe Ala Gly Asp Leu Gly Gln Leu Val Ala
180 185 190
Gly Gln Ile Met Gln Ser Pro Ala Gly Gln Thr Gln Gln Gly Gln Ala
195 200 205
Leu Ala Ala Thr Ala Asn Gly Ile Asp Ser Asn Thr Lys Ile Ala His
210 215 220
Leu Asn Gly Asn Gln Trp Gly Phe Gly Trp Asn Ala Gly Ile Leu Tyr
225 230 235 240
Glu Leu Asp Lys Asn Asn Arg Tyr Ala Leu Thr Tyr Arg Ser Glu Val
245 250 255
Lys Ile Asp Phe Lys Gly Asn Tyr Ser Ser Asp Leu Asn Arg Ala Phe
260 265 270
Asn Asn Tyr Gly Leu Pro Ile Pro Thr Ala Thr Gly Gly Ala Thr Gln
275 280 285
Ser Gly Tyr Leu Thr Leu Asn Leu Pro Glu Met Trp Glu Val Ser Gly
290 295 300
Tyr Asn Arg Val Asp Pro Gln Trp Ala Ile His Tyr Ser Leu Ala Tyr
305 310 315 320
Thr Ser Trp Ser Gln Phe Gln Gln Leu Lys Ala Thr Ser Thr Ser Gly
325 330 335
Asp Thr Leu Phe Gln Lys His Glu Gly Phe Lys Asp Ala Tyr Arg Ile
340 345 350
Ala Leu Gly Thr Thr Tyr Tyr Tyr Asp Asp Asn Trp Thr Phe Arg Thr
355 360 365
Gly Ile Ala Phe Asp Asp Ser Pro Val Pro Ala Gln Asn Arg Ser Ile
370 375 380
Ser Ile Pro Asp Gln Asp Arg Phe Trp Leu Ser Ala Gly Thr Thr Tyr
385 390 395 400
Ala Phe Asn Lys Asp Ala Ser Val Asp Val Gly Val Ser Tyr Met His
405 410 415
Gly Gln Ser Val Lys Ile Asn Glu Gly Pro Tyr Gln Phe Glu Ser Glu
420 425 430
Gly Lys Ala Trp Leu Phe Gly Thr Asn Phe Asn Tyr Ala Phe
435 440 445
<210> 7
<211> 7387
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 载体pCDF-fadD_Ec-wes_Hche
<400> 7
cgggatctcg acgctctccc ttatgcgact cctgcgttta gggaaagagc atttgtcaga 60
atatttaagg gcgcctgtca ctttgcttga tatatgagaa ttatttaacc ttataaatga 120
gaaaaaagca acgcacttta aataagatac gttgcttttt cgattgatga acacctataa 180
ttaaactatt catctattat ttatgatttt ttgtatatac aatatttcta gtttgttaaa 240
gagaattaag aaaataaatc tcgaaaataa taaagggaaa atcagttttt gatatcaaaa 300
ttatacatgt caacgataat acaaaatata atacaaacta taagatgtta tcagtattta 360
ttatgcattt agaatacctt ttgtgtcgcc cttattcgac tccctataga agttcctatt 420
ctctagaaag tataggaact tcccttcatt ttggatccaa ttgtgagcgg ataacaatta 480
cgagcttcat gcacagtgat cgacgctgtt gacaattaat catcggctcg tataatgtgt 540
ggatgtggaa ttgtgagcgc tcacaattcc acaacggttt ccctctagaa ataattttgt 600
ttaacaggag gtaaaacata tgttaacggc atgtatatca tttggggttg cgatgacgac 660
gaacacgcat tttagaggtg aagaattgaa gaaggtttgg cttaaccgtt atcccgcgga 720
cgttccgacg gagatcaacc ctgaccgtta tcaatctctg gtagatatgt ttgagcagtc 780
ggtcgcgcgc tacgccgatc aacctgcgtt tgtgaatatg ggggaggtaa tgaccttccg 840
caagctggaa gaacgcagtc gcgcgtttgc cgcttatttg caacaagggt tggggctgaa 900
gaaaggcgat cgcgttgcgt tgatgatgcc taatttattg caatatccgg tggcgctgtt 960
tggcattttg cgtgccggga tgatcgtcgt aaacgttaac ccgttgtata ccccgcgtga 1020
gcttgagcat cagcttaacg atagcggcgc atcggcgatt gttatcgtgt ctaactttgc 1080
tcacacactg gaaaaagtgg ttgataaaac cgccgttcag cacgtaattc tgacccgtat 1140
gggcgatcag ctatctacgg caaaaggcac ggtagtcaat ttcgttgtta aatacatcaa 1200
gcgtttggtg ccgaaatacc atctgccaga tgccatttca tttcgtagcg cactgcataa 1260
cggctaccgg atgcagtacg tcaaacccga actggtgccg gaagatttag cttttctgca 1320
atacaccggc ggcaccactg gtgtggcgaa aggcgcgatg ctgactcacc gcaatatgct 1380
ggcgaacctg gaacaggtta acgcgaccta tggtccgctg ttgcatccgg gcaaagagct 1440
ggtggtgacg gcgctgccgc tgtatcacat ttttgccctg accattaact gcctgctgtt 1500
tatcgaactg ggtgggcaga acctgcttat cactaacccg cgcgatattc cagggttggt 1560
aaaagagtta gcgaaatatc cgtttaccgc tatcacgggc gttaacacct tgttcaatgc 1620
gttgctgaac aataaagagt tccagcagct ggatttctcc agtctgcatc tttccgcagg 1680
cggtgggatg ccagtgcagc aagtggtggc agagcgttgg gtgaaactga ccggacagta 1740
tctgctggaa ggctatggcc ttaccgagtg tgcgccgctg gtcagcgtta acccatatga 1800
tattgattat catagtggta gcatcggttt gccggtgccg tcgacggaag ccaaactggt 1860
ggatgatgat gataatgaag taccaccagg tcaaccgggt gagctttgtg tcaaaggacc 1920
gcaggtgatg ctgggttact ggcagcgtcc cgatgctacc gatgaaatca tcaaaaatgg 1980
ctggttacac accggcgaca tcgcggtaat ggatgaagaa ggattcctgc gcattgtcga 2040
tcgtaaaaaa gacatgattc tggtttccgg ttttaacgtc tatcccaacg agattgaaga 2100
tgtcgtcatg cagcatcctg gcgtacagga agtcgcggct gttggcgtac cttccggctc 2160
cagtggtgaa gcggtgaaaa tcttcgtagt gaaaaaagat ccatcgctta ccgaagagtc 2220
actggtgact ttttgccgcc gtcagctcac gggatacaaa gtaccgaagc tggtggagtt 2280
tcgtgatgag ttaccgaaat ctaacgtcgg aaaaattttg cgacgagaat tacgtgacga 2340
agcgcgcggc aaagtggaca ataaagcctg agcgaattcg gatccatgca cagtgaaatc 2400
atgaaaaatt tatttgcttt gtgagcggat aacaattata atagcatgct ggtcagtatt 2460
gagcgatgca tgcacggttt ccctctagaa ataattttgt ttaactttta ggaggtaaaa 2520
accatgggta gctctcacca tcatcatcat cacagctctg gcctggttcc gcgcggttcc 2580
cacatgacgc cgctgagccc ggtcgatcaa atctttctgt ggctggagaa gcgtcagcag 2640
ccgatgcacg tcggtggctt gcacattttc agcttccctg atgacgcaga cgcgaagtat 2700
atgaccgagc tggcgcagca actgcgtgca tacgcgacgc cgcaggcacc attcaaccgt 2760
cgcctgcgtc agcgctgggg ccgttactat tgggacaccg atgctcagtt cgacctggag 2820
catcattttc gtcacgaagc gctgccgaaa ccgggtcgca ttcgcgaact gttggcccac 2880
gttagcgcgg agcattctaa tctgatggat cgtgaacgtc cgatgtggga gtgccatctg 2940
atcgaaggca tccgtggtcg ccgtttcgcg gtttactaca aggcgcatca ctgtatgctg 3000
gacggtgtag ccgccatgcg tatgtgcgtg aaatcctaca gctttgatcc gaccgcaacg 3060
gagatgccgc cgatttgggc tatcagcaaa gacgttaccc cggctcgtga aactcaagca 3120
ccggcagcgg gtgacctggt gcactccctg tcccagctgg ttgagggtgc cggtcgtcaa 3180
ctggcgaccg tcccgaccct gattcgtgag ctgggcaaaa acttgctgaa ggcgcgtgac 3240
gactctgacg cgggtctgat ttttcgcgct ccgccaagca ttctgaacca acgcatcacc 3300
ggtagccgcc gttttgcggc gcagagctac gcgttggaac gctttaaggc gatcggtaag 3360
gcattccagg ctacggttaa cgatgtggtg ctggcggtgt gcggttccgc actgcgtaac 3420
tatttgctga gccgccaagc cctgccggat caaccgctga ttgcaatggc ccctatgagc 3480
atccgtcagg acgatagcga cagcggcaat cagatcgcga tgatcctggc gaatctgggc 3540
acccacatcg cggacccggt ccgtcgtttg gaactgacgc aagcaagcgc tcgcgagagc 3600
aaagagcgct tccgtcagat gacgccggaa gaggcagtga actataccgc gctgaccctg 3660
gccccgagcg gtctgaatct gctgacgggt ttggccccga aatggcaggc cttcaatgtc 3720
gtgattagca acgttccagg cccgaataag ccgctgtact ggaacggtgc gcgcctggaa 3780
ggcatgtatc cggtttctat tcctgtcgat tatgcggcat tgaatatcac tctggttagc 3840
taccgtgatc aactggaatt tggtttcacc gcatgtcgcc gtaccctgcc gtcgatgcaa 3900
cgtctgttgg attacattga gcaaggcatt gccgagctgg agaaagcggc tggcgtgtaa 3960
ctcgagatcg aatgagcaat aactagcata accccttggg gcctctaaac gggtcttgag 4020
gctcgagtct ggtaaagaaa ccgctgctgc gaaatttgaa cgccagcaca tggactcgtc 4080
tactagcgca gcttaattaa cctaggctgc tgccaccgct gagcaataac tagcataacc 4140
ccttggggcc tctaaacggg tcttgagggg ttttttgctg aaacctcagg catttgagaa 4200
gcacacggtc acactgcttc cggtagtcaa taaaccggta aaccagcaat agacataagc 4260
ggctatttaa cgaccctgcc ctgaaccgac gaccgggtca tcgtggccgg atcttgcggc 4320
ccctcggctt gaacgaattg ttagacatta tttgccgact accttggtga tctcgccttt 4380
cacgtagtgg acaaattctt ccaactgatc tgcgcgcgag gccaagcgat cttcttcttg 4440
tccaagataa gcctgtctag cttcaagtat gacgggctga tactgggccg gcaggcgctc 4500
cattgcccag tcggcagcga catccttcgg cgcgattttg ccggttactg cgctgtacca 4560
aatgcgggac aacgtaagca ctacatttcg ctcatcgcca gcccagtcgg gcggcgagtt 4620
ccatagcgtt aaggtttcat ttagcgcctc aaatagatcc tgttcaggaa ccggatcaaa 4680
gagttcctcc gccgctggac ctaccaaggc aacgctatgt tctcttgctt ttgtcagcaa 4740
gatagccaga tcaatgtcga tcgtggctgg ctcgaagata cctgcaagaa tgtcattgcg 4800
ctgccattct ccaaattgca gttcgcgctt agctggataa cgccacggaa tgatgtcgtc 4860
gtgcacaaca atggtgactt ctacagcgcg gagaatctcg ctctctccag gggaagccga 4920
agtttccaaa aggtcgttga tcaaagctcg ccgcgttgtt tcatcaagcc ttacggtcac 4980
cgtaaccagc aaatcaatat cactgtgtgg cttcaggccg ccatccactg cggagccgta 5040
caaatgtacg gccagcaacg tcggttcgag atggcgctcg atgacgccaa ctacctctga 5100
tagttgagtc gatacttcgg cgatcaccgc ttccctcata ctcttccttt ttcaatatta 5160
ttgaagcatt tatcagggtt attgtctcat gagcggatac atatttgaat gtatttagaa 5220
aaataaacaa atagctagct cactcggtcg ctacgctccg ggcgtgagac tgcggcgggc 5280
gctgcggaca catacaaagt tacccacaga ttccgtggat aagcagggga ctaacatgtg 5340
aggcaaaaca gcagggccgc gccggtggcg tttttccata ggctccgccc tcctgccaga 5400
gttcacataa acagacgctt ttccggtgca tctgtgggag ccgtgaggct caaccatgaa 5460
tctgacagta cgggcgaaac ccgacaggac ttaaagatcc ccaccgtttc cggcgggtcg 5520
ctccctcttg cgctctcctg ttccgaccct gccgtttacc ggatacctgt tccgcctttc 5580
tcccttacgg gaagtgtggc gctttctcat agctcacaca ctggtatctc ggctcggtgt 5640
aggtcgttcg ctccaagctg ggctgtaagc aagaactccc cgttcagccc gactgctgcg 5700
ccttatccgg taactgttca cttgagtcca acccggaaaa gcacggtaaa acgccactgg 5760
cagcagccat tggtaactgg gagttcgcag aggatttgtt tagctaaaca cgcggttgct 5820
cttgaagtgt gcgccaaagt ccggctacac tggaaggaca gatttggttg ctgtgctctg 5880
cgaaagccag ttaccacggt taagcagttc cccaactgac ttaaccttcg atcaaaccac 5940
ctccccaggt ggttttttcg tttacagggc aaaagattac gcgcagaaaa aaaggatctc 6000
aagaagatcc tttgatcttt tctactgaac cgctctagat ttcagtgcaa tttatctctt 6060
caaatgtagc acctgaagtc agccccatac gatataagtt gtaattctca tgttagtcat 6120
gccccgcgcc caccggaagg agctgactgg gttgaaggct ctcaagggca tcggtcgaga 6180
tcccggtgcc taatgagtga gctaacttac attaattgcg ttgcgctcac tgcccgcttt 6240
ccagtcggga aacctgtcgt gccagctgca ttaatgaatc ggccaacgcg cggggagagg 6300
cggtttgcgt attgggcgcc agggtggttt ttcttttcac cagtgagacg ggcaacagct 6360
gattgccctt caccgcctgg ccctgagaga gttgcagcaa gcggtccacg ctggtttgcc 6420
ccagcaggcg aaaatcctgt ttgatggtgg ttaacggcgg gatataacat gagctgtctt 6480
cggtatcgtc gtatcccact accgagatgt ccgcaccaac gcgcagcccg gactcggtaa 6540
tggcgcgcat tgcgcccagc gccatctgat cgttggcaac cagcatcgca gtgggaacga 6600
tgccctcatt cagcatttgc atggtttgtt gaaaaccgga catggcactc cagtcgcctt 6660
cccgttccgc tatcggctga atttgattgc gagtgagata tttatgccag ccagccagac 6720
gcagacgcgc cgagacagaa cttaatgggc ccgctaacag cgcgatttgc tggtgaccca 6780
atgcgaccag atgctccacg cccagtcgcg taccgtcttc atgggagaaa ataatactgt 6840
tgatgggtgt ctggtcagag acatcaagaa ataacgccgg aacattagtg caggcagctt 6900
ccacagcaat ggcatcctgg tcatccagcg gatagttaat gatcagccca ctgacgcgtt 6960
gcgcgagaag attgtgcacc gccgctttac aggcttcgac gccgcttcgt tctaccatcg 7020
acaccaccac gctggcaccc agttgatcgg cgcgagattt aatcgccgcg acaatttgcg 7080
acggcgcgtg cagggccaga ctggaggtgg caacgccaat cagcaacgac tgtttgcccg 7140
ccagttgttg tgccacgcgg ttgggaatgt aattcagctc cgccatcgcc gcttccactt 7200
tttcccgcgt tttcgcagaa acgtggctgg cctggttcac cacgcgggaa acggtctgat 7260
aagagacacc ggcatactct gcgacatcgt ataacgttac tggtttcaca ttcaccaccc 7320
tgaattgact ctcttccggg cgctatcatg ccataccgcg aaaggttttg cgccattcga 7380
tggtgtc 7387
Claims (15)
1.用于从至少一种烷烃生产至少一种ω-官能化羧酸酯的微生物细胞,其中所述细胞经遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加以下的表达:
(i) 能够将所述烷烃转化为相应的1-烷醇的酶E1;
(ii) 能够将(i)的1-烷醇转化为相应的1-烷醛的酶E2;
(iii) 能够将(ii)的1-烷醛转化为相应的烷酸的酶E3;
(iv) 能够将(iii)的烷酸转化为相应的烷酸酯的酶E4;和
(v) 能够将(iv)的烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯的酶E5,
且其中所述细胞不包含相对于野生型细胞增加选自以下的以下酶E20- E24中的至少一种的表达的遗传修饰:
- EC 3.1.2.14或EC 3.1.2.22的E20酰基-ACP硫酯酶,
- EC 3.1.2.2、EC 3.1.2.18、EC 3.1.2.19、EC 3.1.2.20或EC 3.1.2.22的E21酰基-CoA硫酯酶,
- E22酰基-CoA:ACP转酰酶,
- E23聚酮化合物合酶,和
- E24己酸合酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的细胞,其中所述细胞进一步遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加以下的表达:
(vi) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6;或
(vii) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6和能够将ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氨基烷酸酯的酶E7;或
(viii) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6和能够将ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯的酶E13以及能够将ω-羧基烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸二酯的酶E14。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的细胞,其中
- 所述酶E1选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)和EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb);
- 所述酶E2选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、EC 1.1.3.20的醇氧化酶(Ec)和EC 1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的醇脱氢酶(Ed);
- 所述酶E3选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、醛脱氢酶(Ee)、EC 1.1.3.20的双官能醇氧化酶(Ec)、双官能AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)和EC1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的双官能醇脱氢酶(Edii),其中Ec、Edi和Edii能够将ω-羟基烷酸酯直接氧化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯;
- 所述酶E4选自EC 2.3.1.75的蜡酯合酶(Ef)或EC 2.3.1.84的醇O-酰基转移酶(Eg);
- 所述酶E5选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)和EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb);
- 所述酶E6选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、EC 1.1.3.20的醇氧化酶(Ec)、醛脱氢酶(Ee)和EC 1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的醇脱氢酶(Ed);
- 当存在时,所述酶E7是ω-转氨酶(Eh) EC 2.6.1;
- 当存在时,所述酶E13选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、醛脱氢酶(Ee)、EC 1.1.3.20的双官能醇氧化酶(Ec)、双官能AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)和EC 1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的双官能醇脱氢酶(Edii),其中Ec、Edi和Edii能够经由ω-氧代烷酸酯将ω-羟基烷酸酯直接氧化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯;且
- 当存在时,所述酶E14选自EC 2.3.1.75的蜡酯合酶(Ef)或EC 2.3.1.84的醇O-酰基转移酶(Eg)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的细胞,其中所述酶E1、E2、E3、E5和E6是至少一种AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)且所述酶E4是蜡酯合酶(Ef)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的细胞,其中
- 所述AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)包含相对于SEQ ID NO:1的至少60%序列同一性;
- 所述蜡酯合酶(Ef)包含相对于SEQ ID NO:2的至少60%序列同一性;且
- 当存在时,所述ω-转氨酶(Eh)包含相对于SEQ ID NO:3的至少60%序列同一性。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的细胞,其中所述细胞进一步遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加EC 6.2.1.3或EC 2.3.1.86的至少一种酰基-CoA合成酶(E12)的表达。
7.生产至少一种ω-官能化羧酸酯的方法,其中所述方法包括使至少一种根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的细胞与至少一种烷烃接触的步骤。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中
- ω-官能化羧酸酯是来自烷烃十二烷的12-氨基月桂酸甲酯、12-羟基月桂酸甲酯、12-羧基月桂酸甲(二)酯和/或月桂酸甲酯;和/或
- ω-官能化羧酸酯是来自烷烃十一烷的11-氨基十一烷酸甲酯、11-羟基十一烷酸甲酯、11-羧基十一烷酸甲(二)酯和/或十一烷酸甲酯。
9.从烷烃生产至少一种ω-官能化羧酸酯的方法,其中所述方法包括:
(a) 使以下酶与所述烷烃接触:
(i) 能够将所述烷烃转化为相应的1-烷醇的酶E1;
(ii) 能够将(i)的1-烷醇转化为相应的1-烷醛的酶E2;
(iii) 能够将(ii)的1-烷醛转化为相应的烷酸的酶E3;
(iv) 能够将(iii)的烷酸转化为相应的烷酸酯的酶E4;和
(v) 能够将(iv)的烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯的酶E5。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述方法包括
(b) 使以下酶与所述ω-羟基-烷酸酯接触:
(vi) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6;或
(vii) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6和能够将ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氨基烷酸酯的酶E7;或
(viii) 能够将(v)的相应的ω-羟基-烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-氧代烷酸酯的酶E6和能够将ω-氧代烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯的酶E13以及能够将(vi)的ω-羧基烷酸酯转化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸二酯的酶E14。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的方法,其中
- 所述酶E1选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)和EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb);
- 所述酶E2选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、醇氧化酶(Ec)和醇脱氢酶(Ed);
- 所述酶E3选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、醛脱氢酶(Ee)、EC 1.1.3.20的双官能醇氧化酶(Ec)、双官能AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)和EC1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的双官能醇脱氢酶(Edii),其中Ec、Edi和Edii能够经由1-烷醛将1-烷醇直接氧化为相应的烷酸;
- 所述酶E4选自蜡酯合酶(Ef)和醇O-酰基转移酶(Eg);
- 所述酶E5选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)和EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb);
- 且当存在时,所述酶E6选自P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、醇氧化酶(Ec)和醇脱氢酶(Ed);
- 当存在时,所述酶E7是ω-转氨酶(Eh);
- 当存在时,所述酶E13选自EC 1.14.15.3-的P450烷烃羟化酶(Ea)、EC 1.14.15.3的AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)、醛脱氢酶(Ee)、EC 1.1.3.20的双官能醇氧化酶(Ec)、双官能AlkJ醇脱氢酶(Edi)和EC 1.1.1.1或EC 1.1.1.2的双官能醇脱氢酶(Edii),其中Ec、Edi和Edii能够经由ω-氧代烷酸酯将ω-羟基烷酸酯直接氧化为相应的ω-羧基烷酸酯;且
- 当存在时,所述酶E14选自蜡酯合酶(Ef)和醇O-酰基转移酶(Eg)。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法,其中所述酶E1、E2、E3和E5是至少一种AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb),且当存在时,E6是至少一种AlkB烷烃羟化酶(Eb)且酶E4是蜡酯合酶(Ef)。
13.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法,其中使所述酶与所述烷烃以细胞的形式接触,所述细胞经遗传修饰以相对于野生型细胞增加酶E1至E5和任选E6和E7的表达。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述细胞选自大肠杆菌、假单胞菌属种(Pseudomonas sp.)、荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)、恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)、施氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas stutzeri)、不动杆菌属种(Acinetobacter sp.)、伯克氏菌属种(Burkholderia sp.)、Burkholderia thailandensis、Cyanobakterien、克雷伯氏菌属种(Klebsiella sp.)、产酸克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella oxytoca)、沙门氏菌属种(Salmonella sp.)、根瘤菌属种(Rhizobium sp.)和苜蓿根瘤菌(Rhizobium meliloti)、芽孢杆菌属种(Bacillus sp.)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、梭状芽胞杆菌属种(Clostridium sp.)、棒状杆菌属种(Corynebacterium sp.)、谷氨酸棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicum)、短杆菌属种(Brevibacterium sp.)、小球藻属种(Chlorella sp.)和念珠藻属种(Nostoc sp.)。
15.根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法,其中
- ω-官能化羧酸酯是来自烷烃十二烷的12-氨基月桂酸甲酯、12-羟基月桂酸甲酯、12-羧基月桂酸甲(二)酯和/或月桂酸甲酯;和/或
- ω-官能化羧酸酯是来自烷烃十一烷的11-氨基十一烷酸甲酯、11-羟基十一烷酸甲酯、11-羧基十一烷酸甲(二)酯和/或十一烷酸甲酯。
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